EP1245523A1 - Modular material handling device and base element therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The plinth element (1) contains the power and drive unit (2) . A rotary superstructure (30) rotates by means of a slewing rim in relation to the plinth element. The superstructure comprises a jib-arm system (50) with pick-up or holder implements (59) and a counterweight (40) and driver's cab. The superstructure is directly connected to the plinth element by means of a slewing rim (10) on the plinth element, or is connected by an intermediate element (20).

Description

The present invention relates to a modular structure Material handling device and a base element for such Material handler.

Material handling devices, also called loading or loading devices, are powerful, flexible loading machines with one long reach and radius of 20 or more meters fast working games with large grippers, magnetic disks or similar. Material handling devices are different Subject to requirements depending on the type of goods or materials to be handled (scrap, wood, Garbage, gravel, sand etc.) and location (ship unloading and loading, Scrap or recycling sites, etc.). The known Range of material handling equipment ranges from caterpillars or Wheel excavator-like devices via rail-driven devices up to stationary devices on 3 to 6 meter high foundations or founded pipe pylons. Also tracked Tube pylon devices are known.

For example, a material handling device is from the prior art known that a particularly mobile undercarriage on which the superstructure with driver's cabin, engine compartment and boom using a tubular pylon (steel column) is arranged at a height of 4 to 6 meters. Out WO 00/51930 A1 is also a material handling device known in which the superstructure with energy unit and Counterweight directly using a slewing ring with the undercarriage is connected, the work equipment and the driver's cabin on one attached to the superstructure Steel column are arranged.

The well-known material handling equipment go from Basic design of an excavator with a swiveling superstructure, on which the drive and hydraulic unit together with pivoting Ballast weight is built up.

In contrast, according to the invention, a modular structure is used Material handling device with the features of claim 1 and a base element for such a modular structure Material handling device with the features of the claim 11 suggested.

A modular material handling device according to the invention accordingly comprises a base element on which an energy and drive unit is attached or integrated, one by means of a slewing ring opposite the base element rotatable superstructure, which with a boom system Tool (gripping or holding tool such as gripper, magnet or the like) and has a counterweight, and a driver's cab assigned to the superstructure. In contrast to the material handling equipment known from the prior art is therefore the energy and drive unit, like a diesel engine with fuel tank or electric motor with control cabinet as well as hydraulic pump (s) with hydraulic oil tank and oil cooling units not together with the uppercarriage the undercarriage is pivoted, but is by the arrangement according to the invention on or in a base element non-rotatable as deep as possible on or above the ground leave, creating a basic component (module) on the basis of which a large number is required can be constructed from different material handling equipment are. The possibilities range from a stationary one Device with or without foundation with the most varied Heights up to mobile caterpillar, rail or wheel driven Handling equipment with different heights, which as Basic component each has a base element according to the invention exhibit.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the superstructure via a turntable arranged on the base element directly connected to the base element. From this direct arrangement of the superstructure on the base element results a low-profile material handling device that is particularly suitable for mobile use since it drive under bridges due to its low height can.

In another advantageous embodiment of the invention the superstructure via a between the base element and the Upper structure provided intermediate element spaced from the Base element arranged. The intermediate element acts it is preferably tubular pylons (steel columns), which in different heights (or lengths) are available, so that depending on those placed on the material handling device Requirements through suitable selection of an intermediate element a material handling device of a certain height is created. In a first preferred embodiment, this is Intermediate element rotatably arranged relative to the base element and rotatably connected to the superstructure. This means, that there is both intermediate element and superstructure turn relative to the base element, which is, for example, the possibility opened to arrange the driver's cab on the intermediate element.

In a second preferred embodiment, the intermediate element non-rotatably connected to the base element and the superstructure is rotatably arranged between the intermediate element. In this embodiment, therefore, only rotates the superstructure opposite the one rotatable unit forming lower elements intermediate element and base element. In this embodiment, the driver's cabin is preferred arranged on the superstructure.

In all embodiments, the driver's cab is advantageous height adjustable, especially lowerable. However, it is also possible to use the driver's cabin as a so-called Rigid cabin, especially on the superstructure, to train and a To provide ladders, with the help of the driver from Floor or base element reaches the driver's cabin.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the counterweight is rigid or rigid on the superstructure. This configuration is particularly in an arrangement without or preferred with only a low intermediate element.

In another embodiment of the invention, the counterweight is as an energy store for storing the weight energy of the Boom system designed with the boom system moved downward. This configuration is possible if the height, on which the superstructure is arranged is greater than the pivoting path of the for the purpose of energy storage pivoting counterweight below the lower edge of the uppercarriage. This configuration is therefore rather to be preferred for material handling equipment with a larger overall height.

The base element according to the invention, which is the basic component for the modular material handling device according to the invention forms, includes a central part and one to the Middle part attached energy and drive unit, whereby a cover plate is provided on an upper side of the middle part which is designed to optionally one Take up slewing ring or an intermediate element.

The base element is advantageous for stationary use carried by a detachably mounted base, which increases the base area of the base element and preferably consists of base and / or support plates. advantageously, the base has two fixed and two detachable support plates, the base or support plates on the one hand are so large that they correspond to the load-bearing capacity of the subsurface and on the other hand are chosen so heavy or thick that sufficient safety against tipping is available for the implement.

The base element (instead of the Base sub-profiles of the stationary base) advantageously detachably mounted cross member for attaching a Undercarriage, especially crawler or rail undercarriage, or a detachably mounted one or one integrated into the base Wheel undercarriage with preferably detachably mounted Support devices on.

The flange and screw connections are advantageous for detachable attachment of the base substructure or undercarriage elements trained and standardized so that the different Interchangeable elements on the same connecting elements of the base element can be mounted.

Further advantages and refinements of the invention result itself from the description and the accompanying drawing.

It is understood that the above and the Features to be explained below not only in the combination given in each case, but also in others Combinations or alone can be used without to leave the scope of the present invention.

Figur 1

zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes modular aufgebautes Materialumschlaggerät mit schwenkbarem Gegengewicht zum stationären Einsatz.

Figur 2

zeigt das Sockelelement des Materialumschlaggeräts der Figur 1.

Figur 3

zeigt das Sockelelement der Figur 2 gemäß Schnittlinie III-III.

Figur 4

zeigt eine Draufsicht auf das Sockelelement der Figur 2.

Figur 5

zeigt in vergrößerter Ausschnittdarstellung die Anordnung des Zwischenelements auf einem Drehkranz des Sockelelements sowie die Anordnung der Fahrerkabine an dem Zwischenelement.

Figur 6

zeigt in vergrößerter Ausschnittdarstellung die Funktionsweise des schwenkbaren Gegengewichts des Materialumschlaggeräts der Figur 1.

Figur 7

zeigt als weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ein dem Materialumschlaggerät der Figur 1 ähnliches Materialumschlaggerät mit Raupenunterwagen zum mobilen Einsatz.

Figur 8

zeigt das Materialumschlaggerät der Figur 7 mit Schienenunterwagen.

Figur 9

zeigt das Materialumschlaggerät der Figur 7 mit Radunterwagen.

Figur 10

zeigt als Ausschnittsdarstellung in seitlicher Ansicht ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Materialumschlaggeräts mit Raupenunterwagen und direkt auf dem Sockelelement angebrachtem Oberwagen.

Figur 11

zeigt als weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ein dem Materialumschlaggerät der Figur 10 ähnliches Materialumschlaggerät mit Radunterwagen und alternativer Ausgestaltung der Hubfahrerkabine.

The invention is shown schematically in the drawing using several exemplary embodiments and is described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

Figure 1

shows an inventive modular material handling device with pivotable counterweight for stationary use.

Figure 2

shows the base element of the material handling device of Figure 1.

Figure 3

shows the base element of Figure 2 according to section line III-III.

Figure 4

shows a top view of the base element of FIG. 2.

Figure 5

shows in an enlarged detail the arrangement of the intermediate element on a slewing ring of the base element and the arrangement of the driver's cabin on the intermediate element.

Figure 6

shows in an enlarged detail the operation of the pivotable counterweight of the material handling device of Figure 1.

Figure 7

shows as a further embodiment a material handling device similar to the material handling device of FIG. 1 with crawler undercarriage for mobile use.

Figure 8

shows the material handling device of Figure 7 with rail undercarriage.

Figure 9

shows the material handling device of Figure 7 with wheel undercarriage.

Figure 10

shows a detail of a side view of a further embodiment of a material handling device according to the invention with crawler undercarriage and superstructure attached directly to the base element.

Figure 11

shows as a further embodiment a material handling device similar to the material handling device of FIG. 10 with a wheel undercarriage and an alternative embodiment of the lifting driver's cabin.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment a material handling device of modular construction according to the invention with a base element 1, an uppercarriage 30 with boom system 50 and energy storage system (pivotable counterweight) 40 and one between the base element 1 and superstructure 30 arranged intermediate element 20th Figure 2 shows this in an enlarged side view Base element 1 of Figure 1 and Figure 3 shows a section through the base element of Figure 2 according to section line III-III.

The base element 1 comprises a central part 3 and an adjacent the central part 3 attached energy and drive unit 2, which are supported by a base base. The Base base includes base plates 4 and support plates 5 (see also Figure 4). The base plates 4 and support plates 5 are in turn arranged on a base plate 6. The Sokkelplatte 6 advantageously consists of normal industrial flooring, such as an approx. 15 cm thick concrete slab or concrete blocks laid in sand or the like. A tar covering is not suitable for the base plate 6 because when the sun is warm, the tar softens and the material handling device come from the ideal position could.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the support plates 5 are fastened (flanged) by means of screw angles 11 and support rods 12 to longitudinal beam profiles 13 arranged along the base element or to the central part 3. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4 (in which the base plates 4 and support plates 5 are shown with cross hatching), the base and support plates enlarge the base area or footprint of the base element. For transport, the support plates 5 are removed by loosening the flange connections on the longitudinal beam profiles 13 or on the central part 3, so that the base element has a transport width TB. The support plates are (again) attached at the installation site. These support plates are, for example, commercially available heavy plate formats. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the dimensions of the plates are 3 x 1.5 x 0.2 m, the contact area (corresponding to the cross-hatched areas in FIG. 4) is 4 x 3 x 1.5 = 18 m ² , the base element on a base area of 6 x 6 m ^{2 is} set up.

On the top of the base element is a cover plate 8 provided, the top 9 machined in such a way and is drilled to receive a slewing ring 10 (see Figures 1 and 5) or for a direct screw is suitable with the intermediate element 20. In the in the figure 1 illustrated embodiment is on the base element 1 applied a slewing ring 10, on the turn the intermediate element 20 is arranged. At its top the intermediate element 20 is rotationally fixed to the superstructure 30 connected. A lift driver's cabin 25 is connected to a known parallel alarm lifting mechanism 26 at about half Articulated height of the intermediate element 20. Both the slewing ring of the intermediate element 20 on the cover plate 8 of the Base element 1 as well as the articulation of the lifting cab 25 on the intermediate element 20 are from the enlarged sectional view of Figure 5 can be seen.

For articulating the lifting driver's cabin 25 to the intermediate element 20, which has a height L, is approximately halfway up the Intermediate element 20 a bracket 29 attached. At the console are a lift arm 27 and a parallel guide rod 28 articulated with its other ends on a base of the Driver cabin 25 are articulated such that they are parallel to each other run. Is between the lifting arm 27 and console 29 a lifting cylinder 19 is arranged. When the lifting cylinder is actuated 19 (retracting and extending the cylinder) becomes the driver's cabin 25 from the horizontal shown in Figure 5 Position in an upper or lower position (dashed shown) pivoted. This adjustability the driver's cab allows the driver to drive the cab 25 in the lowered position without or with only lower Climb the fixed ladder and then the cabin into one to pivot the upper working position. Furthermore the driver can during the operation of the material handling device its working height by swiveling the driver's cab 25 adapt to the given requirements. With different Heights of the intermediate element used must the lengths of the lift arm 27 and the parallel guide rod 28 be adjusted.

As can further be seen from FIG. 5, there is the intermediate element 20 from a steel tube 22 with an upper flange 21 and bottom flange 23. For connecting the intermediate element 20 with that flanged onto the cover plate 8 of the base element 1 An intermediate flange 24 is provided on the slewing ring 10, the one hand with a non-toothed part of the Slewing ring 10 and on the other hand with the bottom flange 23 of the Intermediate element 20 is screwed. At the intermediate flange 24 are also a swivel drive 14 and a hydraulic rotary union 15 mounted. When directly on the Sokkelelement mounted superstructure (see Figures 10 and 11) the intermediate flange 24 corresponds to an uppercarriage base plate 31. From a pump unit arranged in the base element 1 outgoing hydraulic lines 16 are by a in an axis of rotation 7 of the rotating ring 10 arranged non-rotating Part (stator) of the rotating union and leave the rotating union in the rotating part (rotor) 15 to control units in the inside of the steel tube 22 Oberwagen 30 to be continued. Hydraulic lines 17 of the control unit arranged in the superstructure are for Swivel drive 14 out.

Other configurations and variants are of course also possible the arrangement of the intermediate element and the superstructure possible. For example, the bottom flange 23 of the Intermediate element 20 directly on the cover plate 8 of the base element 1 screwed on and the slewing ring including drive and rotating union on the base plate of the superstructure his. This leads to a configuration with a rigid, i.e. non-rotating intermediate element 20, in which then - how already mentioned above - those in FIGS. 1 and 5 shown driver cab 25 is not usable. at this configuration, the lifting cab on the superstructure be articulated, or there is a version with the superstructure fixed rigid cabin and ladder to use.

The superstructure 30 of the material handling device shown in FIG. 1 includes the boom system already mentioned, that from a main boom 52, a boom arm 53 and a gripping tool arranged at the end of the boom arm 53 59 exists. The boom arm 53 is on the boom arm 52 articulated and by means of a stem cylinder 55 adjustable. The main boom 52 is on a boom support 51 hinged to the superstructure 30 and by means of a or two effective between the main boom 52 and superstructure 30 Boom cylinders adjustable.

The superstructure 30 is - as already described above its base plate 31 with the rotatable intermediate element 20 screwed to its upper flange 21. On the base plate 31 is a welded structure 32 is built on the the boom system 50 and the pivotable counterweight 40 are articulated.

The main boom 52 is in position in Figures 1 and 6 shown in which it is together with the boom arm 53 can reach the greatest radius (centerline position M). This center line position M thus corresponds the greatest possible load torque (counterclockwise). The two are an end position spanning an angle α by a center line O for the upper end position and a Center line U for the lower end position dash-dotted characterized.

The energy storage system (pivotable counterweight) includes a swinging weight 44, which is by means of a swing arm 45 on a swing weight bearing 41 Welded structure 32 of the superstructure 30 is articulated. Of Another is the swinging weight 44 by means of a lever-rod construction 42, 43, 46, 47, 48 with the main boom 52 connected in such a way that when the main boom is lowered 52 the oscillating weight 44 (for energy storage) raised and lowered when the main boom 52 is raised becomes.

There is a cantilever lever 42 on the cantilever bearing 51 articulated and on a boom tie rod 43 with the Main boom 52 connected. There is also a weight rocker arm 46 hinged to the swing weight bearing 41 and via an oscillating weight pull rod 47 with the oscillating weight 44 connected. A connecting tie rod 48 connects the boom lever 42 with the weight rocker arm 46 between articulation points 42a and 46a. It goes without saying this configuration is only one of many possible. The Main boom 52 could, for example, also be designed such that the articulation point 42a is part of the main boom. decisive is that with the lever-rod arrangement Transmission of the pivoting movement of the main boom 52 that arranged on the superstructure 30 opposite Swinging weight 44 takes place.

By the maximum swivel angle β of the swivel weight 44 to be smaller than the boom swivel angle α is Weight rocker arm 46 in the illustrated embodiment 20% larger than the counter lever (extension lever 42).

The connecting tie rod connecting the two levers 42, 46 48 creates an energy balance between the up and down downward swinging boom system (left in the drawing) and the swinging weight moving in opposite directions 44 (right in the drawing). The center of gravity of the swinging weight 44 is with S and the maximum vertical path of the Center of gravity marked with V. The focus S of the Oscillating weight 44 also moves in the horizontal direction, this way is marked with H. The swinging weight 44 then has the greatest distance from the axis of rotation 7, even if the boom system 50 has the greatest distance, i.e. Throat, can reach from the axis of rotation 7.

If the boom arm 53 with the gripping tool 59 (and the variable load) and only the main boom 52 in interaction with the swinging weight 44 or the main focus of the main boom 52 and the drive cylinders 54 and 55 on the one hand and the focus S the swinging weight 44 viewed on the other hand, rise the left and right turning moments from the boom / cylinder center of gravity times the center of gravity around the boom support 51 counterclockwise and center of gravity S times the center of gravity around the swing weight bearing 41 largely on, so that the boom cylinders 54 and 55 only the changing loads from the boom arm + grab + load without having to move the dead weight of the main boom.

In order to be able to use the oscillating weight system according to the invention even with very short intermediate elements 20, a lower section of the oscillating weight 44 at 44a is advantageously designed and flattened such that it is cut off essentially horizontally in the lowest position, so that an intermediate piece 20 with a length of L _{min is} usable.

FIGS. 7 through 11 show mobile / mobile exemplary embodiments a material handling device according to the invention shown.

Figure 7 shows a material handling device, the construction of which essentially that of the material handling device shown in Figure 1 corresponds, with the difference that the Base element 1 instead of in connection with the figures 1 and 2 described base substructure a crawler undercarriage 60 has. For this purpose, instead of on the base element 1 the base base made of base and support plates as well Longitudinal beam profiles 13 two cross members 61 are provided, which the base element 1 and two caterpillars 62 with hydraulic Wear drive. The center distance from the stator to Turras corresponds approximately to the length of that shown in Figure 1 Base element. Because the caterpillars are not on roads the distance between the two caterpillars is allowed to be driven 62 so wide that sufficient lateral stability given is. The assembly of base element and crawler undercarriage therefore takes place on site.

Figure 8 shows a material handling device, the construction of which essentially that of the material handling device shown in FIG corresponds, with the difference that at the cross members 61 a rail undercarriage 66 is attached. The rail undercarriage essentially consists of two Side members 63, the two freely rotating and two driven Bear rail wheels 64, by means of which the material handling device is movable on rails 65. Track gauge and Wheelbase of the rail wheels are chosen so that they are sufficient Stability is guaranteed.

FIG. 9 shows the material handling device of FIGS. 7 and 8 with a wheel undercarriage 80. The wheel undercarriage 80 is instead of the base substructure described above or built into the base element 1 and includes support devices 81 and normally a steering axle and one Rigid axle 83. Two steering axles can also be used Find. The support devices 81 are in driving mode pivoted up and the boom system 50 must - as in the Figure 9 shown - aligned in the longitudinal direction of the undercarriage his. In work, the Stability the support devices 81 are lowered.

Figure 10 shows a modification of the material handling device according to the invention with crawler undercarriage, one superstructure 70 directly with the slewing ring 10 of the base element 1 connected is. The superstructure 70 differs from that the superstructure 30 described above a fixed Counterweight 71 and a lifting cabin with known Double-arm lever mechanism 35 on which to move the Material handling equipment under bridges and for easy loading and unloading Getting out can be lowered. The kinematics of the The lifting cabin shown is, for example, from DE 44 43 170 C2 known. With the lift cabin lowered and folded for transport The boom system has a transport height TH of approx. 4 reachable up to 4.2 m, which is the headroom of road bridges equivalent.

Figure 11 shows a further embodiment of the invention Material handling equipment with wheel undercarriage and superstructure 70 applied directly to base element 1 comparable to the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, an alternative lever mechanism for the lifting cabin 25 is provided.

All of the figures described are diesel-powered Material handling equipment shown. Especially stationary devices (Figure 1) and devices movable on rails (Figure 8) are often also electrically powered. Doing so the internal combustion engine that drives the hydraulics replaced an electric motor, and the space occupied by the Fuel tank can be used for electrical fuses and switches are used. The one in the figure 8 illustrated embodiment that can be moved on rails a cable drum is attached to the base element.

According to the invention, this is a modularly constructed and variable Material handling device provided, on which Upper carriage no drive and pump units available are, why from a certain length of the intermediate element the counterweight required for stability on Uppercarriage can be used as an energy storage to the lifting or braking energy required to move the boom partially compensate.

Claims (15)

Modular material handling device with one a base element comprising an energy and drive unit (2) (1), with one opposite by means of a slewing ring the base element (1) rotatably arranged superstructure (30, 70), which is a boom system (50) with a gripping or holding tool (59) and a counterweight (40, 44; 71), and with a driver's cab assigned to the superstructure (30, 70). Material handling device according to claim 1, wherein the Superstructure (70) via one arranged on the base element (1) Slewing ring (10) directly with the base element (1) connected is. Material handling device according to claim 1, wherein the Superstructure (30) via between the base element (1) and spaced intermediate element (20) provided to the superstructure (30) is arranged to the base element (1). Material handling device according to claim 3, wherein the Intermediate element (20) rotatable relative to the base element (1) is arranged and rotatably connected to the superstructure (30) is. Material handling device according to claim 3, wherein the Intermediate element (20) rotatably with the base element (1) is connected and the superstructure (30) rotatable relative to the Intermediate element (20) is arranged. Material handling device according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which the driver's cab (25) on the superstructure (30, 70) is arranged. Material handling device according to claim 4, wherein the Driver's cab (25) arranged on the intermediate element (20) is. Material handling device according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the driver's cabin (25) is adjustable in height, in particular is lowerable. Material handling device according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the counterweight (71) is fixed or rigid. Material handling device according to claim 3, wherein the counterweight (40, 44) as energy storage for storing the Weight energy of the boom system (50) when moving downwards Boom system (50) is formed. Base element for a modular material handling device according to one of claims 1 to 10, the one Middle part (3) and one attached to the middle part (3) or at least partially integrated in the middle part (3) Energy and drive unit (2) comprises, being on a A cover plate (8) is provided on the upper side of the middle part (3) , which is designed to selectively a slewing ring (10) or an intermediate element (20). Base element according to claim 11, on the stationary Use the base or footprint of the base element (1) Magnifying base base can be detachably mounted is. Base element according to claim 12, wherein the base substructure two fixed support plates (4) and two detachable support plates (5). Base element according to claim 11, on the mobile Insert cross member (61) for attaching an undercarriage (60, 66) especially crawler or rail undercarriage, are detachably mountable. Base element according to claim 11, on the mobile Use a wheel undercarriage with support devices in the Base construction is integrated.

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