FR2675174A1 - Construction element - Google Patents
Construction element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2675174A1 FR2675174A1 FR9104757A FR9104757A FR2675174A1 FR 2675174 A1 FR2675174 A1 FR 2675174A1 FR 9104757 A FR9104757 A FR 9104757A FR 9104757 A FR9104757 A FR 9104757A FR 2675174 A1 FR2675174 A1 FR 2675174A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- element according
- interlocking
- tube
- established
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0869—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having conduits for fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/28—Roofing elements comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
- E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2916—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of the same row
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
- E04D1/2914—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2918—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having fastening means or anchors at juncture of adjacent roofing elements the fastening means taking hold directly on adjacent elements of succeeding rows
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
- E04D1/2907—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections
- E04D1/2963—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements by interfitted sections having laminated layers overlapping adjacent sections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
- E04D2001/3408—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastener type or material
- E04D2001/3414—Metal strips or sheet metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
- E04D2001/3452—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means
- E04D2001/3455—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means on the internal surface of the roof covering elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
Description
Elément de construction. Building element.
Plus particulièrement, I'invention concerne des éléments de construction pour la couverture des toits, notamment pour le remplacement de tuiles. More particularly, the invention relates to construction elements for covering roofs, in particular for replacing tiles.
Généralement, les toitures sont réalisées au moyen de tuiles en terre cuite. Le plus souvent, ces tuiles sont posées sur un solivage qui nécessite une mise en oeuvre relativement longue et par conséquent, coûteuse. En outre, le matériau qui constitue les tuiles est fragile. Enfin, ce type de tuiles ne présente pas un bon coefficient d'isolation. Generally, roofs are made using terracotta tiles. Most often, these tiles are laid on a joist which requires a relatively long and therefore expensive implementation. In addition, the material which constitutes the tiles is fragile. Finally, this type of tiles does not have a good insulation coefficient.
Le problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de concevoir un élément de construction dont la structure est déterminée pour lui conférer un très bon pouvoir isolant. The problem that the invention proposes to solve is to design a building element whose structure is determined to give it a very good insulating power.
Un tel problème, selon l'invention, est résolu en ce que l'élément est exécuté sous forme d'une plaque en béton de pouzzolane dans l'épaisseur de laquelle est noyé un matériau isolant, les extrémités de la plaque présentant des formes complémentaires d'emboitement en combinaison avec des moyens de verrouillage par agrafage. Such a problem, according to the invention, is solved in that the element is executed in the form of a pozzolan concrete plate in the thickness of which is insulated material, the ends of the plate having complementary shapes of interlocking in combination with stapling locking means.
Avantageusement, mais non limitativement, le béton de pouzzolane est obtenu par un mélange de pouzzolane et de ciment très homogène, déterminé pour avoir de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques, tout en étant stable dans le temps. Le procédé de préparation d'un tel mélange est décrit dans la demande de brevet français 9003850, dont le demandeur de la présente est également titulaire. Advantageously, but not limited to, the pozzolan concrete is obtained by a mixture of pozzolan and very homogeneous cement, determined to have good mechanical characteristics, while being stable over time. The process for preparing such a mixture is described in French patent application 9003850, of which the applicant is also the holder.
Un autre problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention, compte-tenu de l'importance de l'isolation de l'élément, est de pouvoir le rendre chauffant. Another problem that the invention proposes to solve, given the importance of insulating the element, is being able to make it warm.
Ce problème est résolu en ce que la plaque présente dans son épaisseur au moins un tube pour la circulation d'un fluide. This problem is solved in that the plate has in its thickness at least one tube for the circulation of a fluid.
L'une des extrémités du ou des tubes apparait en débordement de l'un des bords de la plaque, tandis que l'autre extrémité apparait en retrait d'un bord opposé pour permettre, après emboitement des plaques, I'accouplement des extrémités correspondantes du ou des tubes. One end of the tube (s) appears in overflow from one of the edges of the plate, while the other end appears set back from an opposite edge to allow, after interlocking of the plates, the coupling of the corresponding ends of the tube (s).
Un autre problème que se propose de résoudre l'invention est de pouvoir assembler les éléments entre eux d'une manière parfaitement étanche. Another problem which the invention proposes to solve is to be able to assemble the elements together in a perfectly sealed manner.
Dans ce but, les formes complémentaires d'emboitement de la plaque sont exécutée à chacune des extrémités, respectivement sur les faces de dessus et de dessous de la plaque. For this purpose, the complementary forms of interlocking of the plate are executed at each of the ends, respectively on the top and bottom faces of the plate.
Pour résoudre le problème posé d'obtenir un assemblage parfaitement sûre et efficace des éléments entre eux, les moyens sont constitués par des profilés sous forme de lames-ressort qui sont établies en débordement de l'une des extrémités de la plaque, en étant maintenues par une barre d'accrochage, établie sur la quasi totalité de la longueur de l'élément, ces lames-ressort coopèrant avec des logements complémentaires établis à l'autre extrémité d'un élément adjacent. To solve the problem of obtaining a perfectly safe and efficient assembly of the elements together, the means are constituted by profiles in the form of leaf springs which are established in overflow from one of the ends of the plate, while being maintained by a hooking bar, established over almost the entire length of the element, these leaf springs cooperating with complementary housings established at the other end of an adjacent element.
Pour résoudre le problème posé d'assurer le positionnement des éléments sur le support, la face de dessous de la plaque présente en débordement, des parties profilées faisant office de butée, aptes à coopérer avec des moyens que présentent un support devant recevoir les éléments de construction. To solve the problem posed of ensuring the positioning of the elements on the support, the underside of the plate has an overflow, profiled parts acting as a stop, capable of cooperating with means presented by a support which is to receive the elements of construction.
Avantageusement, pour obtenir une très bonne isolation, le matériau isolant est une plaque de polystyrène expansé. Advantageously, to obtain very good insulation, the insulating material is a sheet of expanded polystyrene.
L'invention est exposée, ci-après plus en détail à l'aide des dessins annexés, dans lesquels:
La figure 1 est une vue en plan d'une forme de réalisation d'un élément de construction.The invention is set out below in more detail using the appended drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a building element.
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe considérée selon la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1. Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1.
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe considérée selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1.
La figure 4 montre l'assemblage des panneaux entre eux. Figure 4 shows the assembly of the panels together.
Comme le montre la figure 1, chaque élément de construction est exécuté sous forme d'une plaque (1) en béton de pouzzolane, dans l'épaisseur de laquelle est noyé un matériau isolant (2). As shown in Figure 1, each construction element is executed in the form of a plate (1) of pozzolan concrete, in the thickness of which is embedded an insulating material (2).
A titre indicatif, le béton de pouzzolane peut être obtenu de la manière suivante, telle qu'enseignée par la demande de brevet 9003850: - prélèvement d'une quantité de pouzzolane, - mesure de l'hygrométrie des agrégats de pouzzolane, - mélange et malaxage de la quantité de pouzzolane prévelée, - mesure de l'hygrométrie de la quantité de pouzzolane mélangée, - mélange de la pouzzolane malaxée avec une certaine quantité d'eau avec brassage homogène des agrégats de la pouzzolane et de l'eau, - malaxage du mélange de pouzzolane avec une quantité de ciment.As an indication, the pozzolan concrete can be obtained in the following manner, as taught by patent application 9003850: - sampling of a quantity of pozzolan, - measurement of the hygrometry of the pozzolan aggregates, - mixing and mixing the quantity of pozzolan preveled, - measuring the hygrometry of the quantity of pozzolan mixed, - mixing the pozzolan kneaded with a certain amount of water with homogeneous stirring of the aggregates of the pozzolan and of the water, - mixing mixture of pozzolan with a quantity of cement.
Le matériau isolant (2) est avantageusement constitué par une couche de polystyrène expansé. Cette couche (2) est insérée lors du moulage de la plaque (1) en béton de pouzzolane. The insulating material (2) advantageously consists of a layer of expanded polystyrene. This layer (2) is inserted during the molding of the plate (1) of pozzolan concrete.
Suivant une autre caractéristique, les extrémités de la plaque présentent des formes complémentaires d'emboîtement (1 a) et (1 b) en combinaison avec des moyens de verrouillage, par agrafage. Dans ce but et comme le montre notamment la figure 4, les formes complémentaires d'emboitement (1 a) et (1b) sont exécutées à chacune des extrémitées, respectivement sur les faces de dessus et de dessous de la plaque. According to another characteristic, the ends of the plate have complementary forms of interlocking (1 a) and (1 b) in combination with locking means, by stapling. For this purpose and as shown in particular in Figure 4, the complementary forms of fitting (1a) and (1b) are executed at each of the ends, respectively on the top and bottom faces of the plate.
Par exemple, la forme (1 a) apparait au niveau de la face de dessous de la plaque (1), tandis que la forme (lob) apparait au niveau de la face de dessus. Chacune de ces formes est en retrait du plan défini par la face correspondante de la plaque, pour permettre, après emboitement desdites formes, le positionnement dans un même plan des plaques. De préférence, ces formes complémentaires (1 a) et (1 b) sont formées du côté des bords latéraux de la plaque. For example, the shape (1 a) appears at the bottom face of the plate (1), while the shape (lob) appears at the top face. Each of these forms is set back from the plane defined by the corresponding face of the plate, to allow, after nesting of said forms, positioning in the same plane of the plates. Preferably, these complementary shapes (1 a) and (1 b) are formed on the side of the lateral edges of the plate.
A noter que les mêmes dispositions ou, des dispositions équivalentes, peuvent être faites au niveau des bords transversaux de la plaque. Par exemple, comme le montre la figure 2, les bords transversaux présentent des profils complémentaires d'assemblage et de positionnement (nid) et (lue). Note that the same arrangements, or equivalent arrangements, can be made at the transverse edges of the plate. For example, as shown in Figure 2, the transverse edges have complementary assembly and positioning profiles (nest) and (read).
Comme indiqué, les formes complémentaires d'emboitement (la) et (lb) présentent des moyens de verrouillage par agrafage. Ces moyens sont constitués par des profilés sous forme de lames-ressort (3) . Ces lames-ressort sont établies en débordement de l'une des extrémités de la plaque, en étant maintenues par une barre
I'une des extrémités de la plaque, en étant maintenues par une barre d'accrochage (4), établie sur la quasi totalité de la longueur de l'élément.As indicated, the complementary forms of fitting (la) and (lb) have locking means by stapling. These means consist of profiles in the form of leaf springs (3). These leaf springs are established overhanging one of the ends of the plate, being held by a bar
One of the ends of the plate, being held by a hanging bar (4), established over almost the entire length of the element.
Ces lames-ressort (3) coopèrent dans des logements complémentaires (5) établis à l'autre extrémité d'un élément adjacent.These leaf springs (3) cooperate in complementary housings (5) established at the other end of an adjacent element.
Suivant une autre caractéristique importante de l'invention, la plaque ainsi définie présente dans son épaisseur, au moins un tube (6) pour la circulation d'un fluide, notamment de l'air chaud. L'une des extrémités (6a) du ou des tubes (6) apparait en débordement de l'un des bords de la plaque (1). L'autre extrémité (6b) du ou des tubes3 apparait en retrait du bord opposé, pour permettre après emboitement des plaques, I'accouplement des extrémités correspondantes des tubes (6). Après assemblage des plaques, les différents tubes (6) peuvent constituer un circuit pour la circulation du fluide assujetti à tout moyen, tel que ventilateur. According to another important characteristic of the invention, the plate thus defined has, in its thickness, at least one tube (6) for the circulation of a fluid, in particular hot air. One of the ends (6a) of the tube or tubes (6) appears in overflow from one of the edges of the plate (1). The other end (6b) of the tube or tubes 3 appears set back from the opposite edge, to allow, after interlocking of the plates, the coupling of the corresponding ends of the tubes (6). After assembling the plates, the various tubes (6) can constitute a circuit for the circulation of the fluid subject to any means, such as a fan.
La face de dessous de la plaque (1) présente en débordement, des parties profilées (if) faisant office de butée ou de talon en étant apte à coopérer avec des moyens que présente le support devant recevoir l'ensemble des éléments de construction selon l'invention. Dans le cas d'une utilisation des éléments pour la couverture des toits3 le talon (if) peut coopérer directement avec les parties correspondantes de la charpente. The underside of the plate (1) has an overflow, profiled parts (if) acting as a stop or heel being able to cooperate with means that the support has to receive all of the construction elements according to the 'invention. In the case of use of the elements for covering roofs3 the heel (if) can cooperate directly with the corresponding parts of the frame.
Les avantages ressortent bien de la description, en particulier on rappelle et on souligne:
- L'isolation obtenue par la combinaison du béton de pouzzolane et du matériau isolant incorporé dans l'épaisseur dudit béton.The advantages emerge clearly from the description, in particular it is recalled and underlined:
- The insulation obtained by the combination of pozzolan concrete and the insulating material incorporated into the thickness of said concrete.
- La facilité de pose. - The ease of installation.
- L'étanchéité obtenue après assemblage des éléments. - The tightness obtained after assembly of the elements.
- La possibilité de faire circuler un fluide. - The possibility of circulating a fluid.
- La suppression du solivage dans le cas d'une utilisation des éléments en tant que tuiles. - The removal of joists when using the elements as tiles.
Bien évidemment, les plaques telles que définies, peuvent être exécutées en toutes formes et dimensions, en fonction des applications envisagées. De même, la plaque peut présenter un revêtement extérieur quelconque. Obviously, the plates as defined, can be executed in all shapes and sizes, depending on the applications envisaged. Likewise, the plate may have any external coating.
Enfin, compte-tenu des caractéristiques définies de la plaque, cette dernière trouve une application avantageuse pour la couverture de toits, ainsi qu'en habillage de façades. Finally, taking into account the defined characteristics of the plate, the latter finds an advantageous application for roofing, as well as for cladding of facades.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9104757A FR2675174A1 (en) | 1991-04-12 | 1991-04-12 | Construction element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9104757A FR2675174A1 (en) | 1991-04-12 | 1991-04-12 | Construction element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2675174A1 true FR2675174A1 (en) | 1992-10-16 |
Family
ID=9411977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9104757A Pending FR2675174A1 (en) | 1991-04-12 | 1991-04-12 | Construction element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2675174A1 (en) |
Cited By (54)
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US6182410B1 (en) | 1993-05-10 | 2001-02-06 | Välinge Aluminium AB | System for joining building boards |
US6205639B1 (en) | 1996-12-05 | 2001-03-27 | Valinge Aluminum Ab | Method for making a building board |
WO2002055810A1 (en) | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-18 | Välinge Aluminium AB | Floorboards and methods for production and installation thereof |
US6446405B1 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2002-09-10 | Valinge Aluminium Ab | Locking system and flooring board |
US6490836B1 (en) | 1996-06-11 | 2002-12-10 | Unilin Beheer B.V. Besloten Vennootschap | Floor panel with edge connectors |
US6510665B2 (en) | 2000-01-24 | 2003-01-28 | Valinge Aluminum Ab | Locking system for mechanical joining of floorboards and method for production thereof |
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US8850769B2 (en) | 2002-04-15 | 2014-10-07 | Valinge Innovation Ab | Floorboards for floating floors |
US8978334B2 (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2015-03-17 | Pergo (Europe) Ab | Set of panels |
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US9464443B2 (en) | 1998-10-06 | 2016-10-11 | Pergo (Europe) Ab | Flooring material comprising flooring elements which are assembled by means of separate flooring elements |
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-
1991
- 1991-04-12 FR FR9104757A patent/FR2675174A1/en active Pending
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