FR2642418A1 - MULTIPLE GLAZING FOR VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a glazing for a vehicle, comprising two glass panels and a sealing insert which maintains the panels in spaced relation to each other and forms an enclosed space between them. The sealing insert comprises a first member 22, in contact with the two adjacent panels 10, 12 and with the enclosed space 16, formed of a flexible and malleable material and providing a barrier to the penetration of moisture to the interior of the enclosed space, and a second element 26, in contact with the two adjacent panels 10, 12, formed of an adhesive having a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.4 MPa. The glazing according to the invention is particularly advantageous as side glazing of a motor vehicle.

Description

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  The present invention relates to multiple glazings for motorized vehicles, that is to say glazings comprising two or more glass panels. It is particularly concerned with the means by which

  individual panels forming the glazing are secured to one another.

  s Multiple glazing in motorized vehicles provides

  thermal and sound insulation which significantly improves the comfort of passengers

  the vehicle. Glazing is mainly used as side windows, fixed or movable, but they can also be used as glasses

  back. heated or not, as roof panels or even as

o0 breeze.

  Like multiple glazing used in the building, multiple windows for vehicles are formed of parallel glass panels and a peripheral interlayer between the adjacent panels, which serves to close an insulating space between them. As opposed to glazing used in the building. those attached to vehicles are subject to mechanical stresses of much greater variety and importance. The constraints result for example from vibrations caused by the state of the road, vibrations inside the vehicle and variations of temperatures and altitudes. In the case of door windows, especially side windows, they are also subjected to significant repeated impacts when the door is slammed. In addition, if the glazing is slidable inside a door, the grooves in which it slides require

  shear forces to the panels that make it up. Such shear forces

  can be particularly important at the top edge of a window

  sliding door when moved upwards in the upper slot

  the door frame. All these constraints tend to separate the constituent panels of the interlayer, leading initially to breaking the

  seal around the insulating space and, at the extreme, break the glazing.

  Various prior proposals of combinations of structural elements have been made to form an appropriate joining means to panels constituting a multiple glazing for vehicle. French patent application 2609 946 A1 describes a double glazing for a vehicle in which a peripheral adhesive interlayer forms the joint between the panels. German patent application 37 12 105 A1 available to the public describes.a 2. particular combination of a hollow section, at least a part of which includes a

  desiccant enclosure, associated with a strip of adhesive between the panels. How-

  However, no previous proposal was found to be entirely satisfactory for

solve the problem.

  The Applicant has discovered a seal, formed of a particular combination of two specific elements, which can cope with

  difficulties raised above and thus solve the problem.

  The present invention relates to a multi-glazing for a vehicle, comprising at least two glass panels and a sealing interlayer 10 between the or each pair of adjacent panels so as to keep the panels in spaced relationship with each other, forming a closed space between them and extending around the periphery of the enclosed space, characterized in that the or each sealing interlayer comprises a first element in contact with the two adjacent panels and with the enclosed space, the said first element being

  formed of a flexible and malleable material and providing a penetration barrier

  moisture content within the confined space, and a second member in contact with the two adjacent panels and being at least partially formed of an adhesive before a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.4 MPa (measured from the specified way

  in this specification).

  The present invention also relates to a method for producing a multiple glazing for a vehicle, comprising inserting a sealing interlayer between two adjacent glass panels so as to keep the panels in spaced relationship with one another, characterized in that a first element of the sealing interlayer, which member is made of a flexible and malleable material, is placed on one side of one of the panels to form a continuous elongated bead extending along of the marginal part of the face and near its edge, the other panel is then placed on the first element, and the two panels are pressed together until the intermediate space is reduced to a desired distance and forms a space between the panels, and that a second element, which is at least partially formed of an adhesive having a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.4 MPa (measured as specified in the present specification), is then placed in contact with the panels around at least a part of the first element so as to form a connection

  strongly adhesive between the panels.

  Multiple glazings according to the invention provide the advantage of a robust construction which withstands the important constraints imposed by their

  use in a motor vehicle. The defined combination of structural elements

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  3. Raux ensures a strong junction between the constituent glass panels and an effective barrier against the penetration of moisture in the space between them. This is in marked contrast to previous seals, such as welded joints commonly used in building double glazing, which tend to separate when subjected to forces imposed by the slamming of the doors.

of vehicle.

  The use of a flexible and malleable material as the first

  The seal spacer element also helps to ensure

  complete moisture resistance and facilitates the production of multi-glazed

  wo pies of particular shape, for example curved in one or more plane (s), to accommodate the complex contours of vehicles. An appropriate version of the first element is an elastomer tape, for example an elastomer based on polychloroprene not completely polymerized, with a heating electric wire running at its center. With such a ribbon, a current can flow through the wire at the time of application of the ribbon so as to complete the polymerization of

  the elastomer when the ribbon has the required configuration on the glass.

  The preferred material of the first element is butyl rubber, which is advantageous in that it has good adhesive properties and especially exceptionally high impermeability to water vapor. he can

  be applied by hot extrusion.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first element is in the form of a preformed butyl rubber bead having a core

  formed of a thread. Suitable materials for the yarn include alumina

  nium, cotton or synthetic fibers. During the construction of the glazing, the

  Butyl rubber cord is lightly squeezed into place between the panels.

  The cord material preferably contains a silane, to improve adhesion.

  by the glass. The cord also preferably contains a desiccant, for example a molecular sieve, which provides an additional guarantee that the enclosed space remains free of moisture. The amount of desiccant, however, should not be so important as to impair the malleability or ductility of the cord. For example, butyl rubber can be doped with 10-20% desiccant. If desired, a spacer strip, for example metal or plastic, may be inserted between the panels and adjacent to the butyl rubber. The

  metal used may be lead or aluminum. Such a band is advantageous

  used extensively in combination with hot extruded butyl rubber.

  It is advantageous in providing additional protection against

penetration of moisture.

  4. In another embodiment of the invention, the first element comprises a corrugated metal strip, typically aluminum, modified in butyl rubber or bearing butyl rubber on one or more of its faces. In this embodiment, the aluminum strip provides some crush strength to the butyl rubber and thereby helps maintain the desired seal and spacing between the glass panels. In addition to or in replacement of the desiccant mentioned above, a

  patch containing a desiccant can be incorporated into the enclosed space.

  This insert may for example be a container filled with desiccant or a plastic strip containing a desiccant. It is preferably arranged at a place in space that is not normally visible to the occupants of the room.

  vehicle and may, if desired, be subject to the first element.

  It is also possible to insert a microporous material, for example in the form of one or more pellets, in the first element to impede the entry of water molecules into the closed space while allowing the passage of water. other gases. This embodiment is advantageous for glazings that can be subjected to significant variations in atmospheric pressure.

  or temperature extremes.

  The modulus of elasticity of the adhesive used in the second element of the sealing interlayer can be determined for the purposes of the invention on test samples of the film adhesive. It's determined here at a

  film temperature of 20 C and 100% elongation, measured in tension.

  Advantageously, the adhesive of the second element has a modulus of elasticity

  cited above 1.8 MPa, and preferably not more than 4 MPa. It is

  preferably of a type which does not release volatile solvents which could penetrate

  in the space between the glass panels. It shows no substantial loss of constituent material at temperatures below 100 ° C., which indicates that it is stable at temperatures up to 100 ° C. Preferably, it has a glass transition temperature Tg of less than 45 ° C. , which ensures good stability at low temperatures. The glass transition temperature Tg is measured for the purposes of the invention by differential scanning calorimetry using a Perkins Elmer device according to the method described in IRS Physical.

  Chemistry Series 2. 1975, Volume 10, published by Butterworths London.

  Advantageously, the adhesive of the second element has a water permeability of less than 2.25 g x mm thick per m 2 x 24h x kPa of water pressure, and preferably less than 1.5 g x mm thick per m2 x 24h x pressure kPa

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  5. water. This ensures that the glazing resists moisture without the risk of separating the panels. Suitable adhesive materials include those based on

  silicone, polysulfide or polyurethane. Polyurethane adhesives are preferred.

  thane, and preferably a two-component polyurethane, for example

  UCETHANE (manufactured by UCB) or ISOSEAL 2000 (manufactured by TREMCO).

  These materials are impervious to water vapor, resistant to vibration and

  body washing detergents, stable over a wide range of temperatures,

  eratures and have good resistance to ultraviolet radiation. The ISOSEAL 2000

  o has a modulus of elasticity of about 1.7 MPa and UCETHANE has a modulus of elasticity

  cited above 1.8MPa (ISOSEAL and UCETHANE are trademarks of

filed).

  As soon as the adhesive is completely taken, the second element, not only

  strongly restricts the panels to one another, but also protects the first element against deformation, which helps to maintain the panels

  in their respective desired position.

  Vehicle glazing margins often carry a black or colored enamel deposited on the silk screen to mask the margin and / or improve the appearance and conform to the shape of the vehicle. Such enamels tend not to adhere well to traditional adhesives. Therefore, if the enamelled portion is disposed on a face that is to receive the second adhesive member, the use of the preferred polyurethane adhesive is highly desirable to provide a strong bond between the panels. This is a particular advantage of the present invention, because it provides a solid double glazing despite the incorporation of such a portion

enamelled.

  Extensive tests simulating the conditions that the vehicle glazing faces have been made with adhesives for use in glazing according to the invention. They included mechanical and climatic tests, specifically tensile, high and low temperature tests, immersion tests and tests according to DIN 52344. It was found that the two-component polyurethane the qualities

  above were particularly resistant to these tests.

  Depending on the shape of the glazing frame of the vehicle to which it

  must be adapted, the glazing may be flat or curved in one or more plane (s).

  The constituent panels may be made of tempered glass, for example heat-treated

  physically or chemically. Such treatments are advantageous because they improve qualities such as the resistance of the glazing and the way it

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  6. can break. Chemically treated glass generally has greater strength for a given thickness and therefore allows a reduction in the thickness of the glazing and therefore their weight. Tempered glass, even if it reaches the breaking point, tends to break into fairly small fragments of uniform size, which tend to be less dangerous than fragments produced by untempered glass breakage. The panels can be made of clear glass or glass which offers resistance to thermal radiation and which can carry one or more sunscreen (s) or low emissivity (s). At least one of the panels may consist of a laminated glazing, for example to improve the resistance

Io at impact.

  Although they must generally have the same curvature vis-à-vis the other, the panels of a given glazing do not necessarily have the same dimensions. A particularly appropriate range of otions for double glazing is achieved by making two panels that have the same outer shape, but one of which is slightly smaller than the other. The alignment of the largest and smallest panels is such that the glazing has a rabbet on the edge of one or more of its sides. Such a rabbet construction is often advantageous for fixing the glazing in the respective opening of the

  vehicle body and is particularly advantageous for sliding glazing

  in a vehicle door. In the latter case, the support grooves on the sides and the top of the frame in the door must only receive the edges of the larger panel, not the entire glazing. This allows the grooves to be of similar dimensions to those intended for single glazing, and

  also, if only the larger panel is mounted in the grooves, avoid the application of

  cation of sliding forces between the constituent panels when the window is open or closed. In some circumstances, it is preferred to place the glazing on the vehicle so that the larger panel occupies the outer position relative to the smaller panel and thus protects the sealing interlayer against atmospheric conditions. In other circumstances, it is preferred that the smaller panel occupies the outer position so that the outer shape of the glazing follows closer the lines of the vehicle body, thereby improving

  the aerodynamic properties of the vehicle.

  An additional border, formed for example of metal or extruded plastic, may be attached to one or more edges of the glazing. This may enhance the glazing, for example by acting as part of the glazing engaging in the retaining grooves, but it is sometimes required only for decorative purposes. It is not necessary for the borders to extend over the entire length of the edges unless the particular intended use requires it. A particularly solid construction, perfectly adapted to a glazing edge that does not have a rebated alignment of the panels, is obtained using a

  U-shaped edge. This allows the margin of the assembled glazing to be intro-

  inside the U in the form of an adjustment by contact or gluing. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a reinforcing edge exists at the lower edge of the glazing to reduce sliding forces on the sealant during the upward and downward movements of a side window, especially when the mechanism acts

o only on the bottom edge.

  The individual glass panels of the glazing typically have a thickness of 3mm each. The distance between them, that is to say the thickness of the enclosed space is between i and 4mm, preferably about 3mm. The latter can be filled with dry air or a special filling selected from one or more

  gases such as argon, SF6 or krypton, or a material such as an airgel.

  Such special fills improve the thermal and acoustic insulation of the glazing. The extruded profile, or bead, butyl rubber cited above typically has a circular initial section with a diameter of 4 μm, prior to application. After the second panel has been pressed into the required position, the section of the cord deforms to a flattened shape, adopting a thickness of 3mm between the panels and extending about 4.5mm in the plane of the panels. A preferred method of assembling a glazing unit according to the invention comprises first washing and drying the glass panels. A cordon of

  Butyl rubber is then applied to one of them at the same time as possible

  other portions of the first element, or any other portions associated with it. If the glazing comprises panels of different dimensions,

  it is the smaller panel that must be chosen. The butyl cord is normally

  Applied at relatively warm room temperature, typically 30 ° C, but may alternatively be applied hot. Preferably, the butyl bead is aligned by means of a roller provided with a guide to maintain constant the distance from the edge of the panel, for example to 4mm. The placement of the bead is performed around the entire periphery of the panel (with the 4mm of shrinkage specified above) and the ends of the bead are

  assembled at their meeting point.

  The other panel is then positioned on the first element and a

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  8. hollow needle is inserted through the butyl bead to allow air to escape from the intermediate space during the subsequent pressing of the second

sign on the first.

  Any additional band to be placed between the two elements of the sealing interlayer is inserted at this stage. It can serve as a wedge to ensure a determined minimum thickness of the enclosed space created by the subsequent pressing.

  The pressing can suitably be carried out by calendering.

  In a preferred method according to the invention, the assembly of the panels for forming the glazing is carried out by means of a press having trays to which inflatable bags are attached. These bags apply the required assembly pressure to the opposite faces of the glazing. This facilitates the assembly of the constituent parts of the double glazing having a spherical curvature and the same press

  can be used without modification to assemble glazing with

  different bures. The pressing is continued until the intermediate space has the required dimensions. The hollow needle is then removed and the hole created

  is filled with a butyl rubber bump.

  The second adhesive element is then applied to fill the space delimited by the margins of the inner faces of the panels and the surface of the butvl rubber bead or any intermediate strip inserted after the bead.

  butyl rubber. If the glazing includes panels of different dimensions

  a masking tape is preferably placed along the margin of the inner face of the larger panel so as to avoid the application of second

  adhesive element on said margin.

  A protective or decorative border can then be added to the edges of the glazing and secured by contact with the second adhesive element. The preferred adhesives generally solidify after about 30 minutes and are completely polymerized within 3 hours. The possible band

  marginal masking can then be removed.

  The invention will now be illustrated with reference to the figures, which

  represent different forms of double glazing according to the invention.

  FIG. 1 represents a complete double glazing intended to be used

  as a sliding window in a motor vehicle door.

  Figures 2 and 3 show details of the glazing of Figure 1. The

  FIG. 2 is a section of a part of the glazing viewed from an indi-

  A-A 'in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional view of part of the glazing

  viewed from a position indicated by B-B 'in Figure 1.

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  FIG. 4 represents, in partial cross-section, details of a variant of the glazing unit of FIG. 1 viewed from a position equivalent to A-A 'in FIG.

figure 1.

  Figures 5, 6 and 7 show sectional details of other types of glazing. All are viewed from a position equivalent to A-A 'in the

figure 1.

  For the convenience of the following description, the same references

  Numbers are used in references to different versions of glazing

  for the components that are common to them.

  The glazing shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises an outer glass panel 10 and an inner glass panel 12 (the terms "exterior" and "interior" being used with reference to panels which, once installed in a vehicle, will form the outer and inner surfaces respectively), the outer panel 10 being slightly larger than the inner panel 12 and extending beyond the inner panel 12 on all sides. Both panels 10 and 12 have 3mm

  thick and have been tempered thermally and slightly rounded.

  Between the panels 10 and 12, a sealing interlayer 14 extends along the entire periphery of the panel 12 so as to secure the

  panels 10 and 12 in spaced relationship of about 3mm from each other. The intercalated

  14 also surrounds a closed insulating space, indicated as a whole by the number 16, between the two panels 10 and 12. Along their periphery, the panels 10 and 12 bear, on the surfaces facing the confined space 16 , a black enamel tape deposited on the silk screen (not shown). The size of the enamel strips on each of the panels 10 and 12 is such that they mask the

  just view the entire sealing interlayer 14.

  The spacer 14 comprises a first member consisting of a butyl rubber bead 22 and a second member consisting of a strip 26 of polyurethane adhesive. The bead 22 is formed of butyl rubber doped with 10 to 20% c desiccant, contains a silane to improve adhesion to the glass and has a continuous core 24 formed of a polymer fiber yarn with a diameter slightly less than 1 mm . The cord 22 is flexible and malleable and can easily conform to the contours and angles of the curved panels 10 and 12. It constitutes a very

effective against moisture.

  At the base of the insulating space 16, and attached to the sealing interlayer 14, is a desiccant wafer 18 formed from powdered zeolite molecular sieve (63 wt%) in epoxy resin (37% i weight). The wafer 18 serves to maintain conditions of absence of moisture in the space

26 42 4 1

  10. Insulating material 16. Support parts 20, of L section and made of aluminum, are

  arranged at the lower edge of the panel 12 and secured by polyurethane adhesive

  thane to the panel 10 so as to increase the resistance of the assembled glazing.

  The adhesive of the strip 26 is a polyurethane such as

  UCETHANE (trade mark registered by UCB) having an elasticity module

  ticity, measured under the conditions described above, of 1.9 MPa. Its elongation under a force of 0.95 MPa is barely 20%. Its glass transition temperature Tg, measured by differential scanning calorimetry as described above, is approximately -64C. The water vapor permeability of a film of this adhesive is measured by a "LYSSY" device. At 38 ° C. and 90% relative humidity, a water permeance of 6.98 g / m 2 is obtained in 24 hours for a film having a thickness of 1 mm. Applying a correction factor to account for the operating conditions gives a water permeability for the adhesive of about 1.17 g x mm of thickness per m 2 x 24h x kPa of water pressure. The adhesive is stable up to 100 C. by not showing substantial loss of material until this

  temperature. It also shows no loss of volatile solvents.

  In the manufacture of such a glazing unit, the butyl bead 22 is applied

  30 ° C at the periphery of the smaller panel 12 by means of a roller provided with a guide which positions it at 4mm from the edge of the panel 12. The plate 18 is

  2o disposed in the desired position and the panel 10 is then placed on the cord 22.

  After introduction of a hollow needle through the cord 22 to allow

  the air exhaust, the whole is calendered up to a total thickness of 9mm.

  A masking tape is applied to the periphery of the larger panel 10

  after calendering and the adhesive 26 is inserted and allowed to polymerize.

  Glazings as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 are subjected to a series of tests as follows to check their behavior under different

types of extreme conditions.

I. Altitude test. The glazing is stored for 1 month at an equivalent reduced pressure

  at an altitude of 3000m. At the end of the one-month period the space between the panels has flexed outwards by less than 2mm in the center of the panels. Returning to equivalent pressures at sea level, the shape

  original glazing is fully restored.

  II. High humidity test a The glazing is subjected to a moisture test according to the process of DIN 52344. The dew point of the glazing is approximately -50 ° C

  before the test and remains unchanged by the test.

  2 6 4 2 4 1 to 11. III. High temperature test The glazing is placed in an oven at 105 ° C. and maintained at this temperature for one hour. Condensation is not detected within the space between the panels, indicating that there has been no release of condensable compounds.

  The version of the glazing shown in Figure 4 is substantially

  the same as in Figures 1 to 3, -but it comprises an aluminum edge 34 covering and protecting the upper edge of the panel 12 and the upper surface of the polyurethane 26. The edge 34 comprises a tongue 36 Jo embedded in the polyurethane 26 to give the assembly additional resistance. The version of the glazing shown in Fig. 5 has outer and inner glass panels 40 and 42, respectively, but without exceeding each other at their upper ends. In this version, the sealing interlayer comprises a butyl rubber hot-extruded cord 38 as the first member, a polyurethane strip 26 as a second member, and a lead alloy strip 44 (0.4mm thick). thickness and 2, 5mm wide) between the two elements and in direct contact with both. In this version, the butyl rubber does not comprise a desiccant core iii, but the glazing comprises a desiccant wafer of the type described above with reference to FIG. 1 reference 18. In this variant (not shown) the strip 44

  may be embedded in the butyl rubber bead 38.

  Figures 6 and 7 similarly show glazing panels 40 and 42 without exceeding each other at their upper edges. In both cases, the sealing interlayer has the configuration of FIG. 1, that is to say a butyl bead 22 and a polyurethane adhesive 26.

  version of Figure 6 has an aluminum edge 45 covering the upper edges

  two panels 40 and 42 as well as the adhesive 26. The border 45 comprises

  tongue 46 embedded in the adhesive 26. The side faces of the upper portion

  upper edge 45 curl internally to form an upper rib 48 shaped to slide easily into a corresponding slot

the chassis of a door.

  The version of Figure 7 has a border 50 with side portions

  52 forming a generally U-shaped cavity for receiving the panels 40 and 42.

  The rim 50 may be made of aluminum as such or of a polymeric material and an aluminum bead embedded therein. The side portions 52 have internal neoprene seals 54 held in grooves

26424 1 3

  12. corresponding on their inner side so as to form a waterproof seal to

  water with the surface of the glass. The border 50 is held in place by the poly-

  urethane 26 which, in this version, extends from the space adjacent to the bead 22, on the upper edges of the panels 40 and 42 and in the spaces between the lateral portions 52 and the outer surfaces of the panels 40 and 42. upper part of the edge 50 is shaped to form a rib 56 offset to the inner side of the glazing, to engage in the upper slot of the

chassis of a door.

  A glazing sample of the type described above with reference to the

  Figures 1 to 3 are subjected to shear tests as follows. After a treatment

  aging. 50 hours in water at 90 C, the shear of

  the adhesive of the sample produces a cohesive rupture at 1.8 MPa. After aging

  For 70 days in water at 80 ° C., the cohesive rupture is produced at IMPa. By way of comparison, with a polysulfide adhesive having a tensile elasticity modulus z5 of 0.9MPa, the 50-hour aging test produced a cohesive failure at 0.7MPa and during the 70-day test the glazing separates before the end of the trial period. No change in mechanical properties was observed before and after another mechanical shear fatigue test performed on another sample, which included the application of a recurrent shear force on the sealant, equivalent to 40 time

  weight of one of the constituent glass sheets, for about 100,000 cycles.

  Therefore, with the described elements of the sealing interlayer. a

  double glazing of this type is extremely resistant to atmospheric

  very hard and highly variable, and shear and tensile forces resulting in particular from temperature variations, pressure or shocks. he

  is therefore particularly advantageous as vehicle glazing.

13.

Claims (21)

claims   1. Multiple glazing for a vehicle, comprising at least two glass panels and a sealing interlayer between the or each adjacent panel, so as to keep the panels in spaced relationship with each other, to form a confined space between them and to extend around the periphery s of the enclosed space, characterized in that the or each sealing interlayer comprises a first element in contact with the two adjacent panels and with the enclosed space, the said first element being formed of a flexible and malleable material and providing a barrier to moisture penetration within the enclosed space, and a second member in contact with the two adjacent panels and o0 being at least partially formed of an adhesive having a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.4 MPa (measured as specified in this specification). 2. Multiple glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that the   first element is at least partially formed of butyl rubber.   1.5s 3. Multiple glazing according to claim 2, characterized in that the   first element in the form of a butyl rubber bead.   4. Multiple glazing according to claim 3, characterized in that the bead has a core formed of a wire of a material selected from aluminum, aluminum and aluminum. cotton or synthetic fibers.   5. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized   in that a spacer strip is inserted between the panels and adjacent to the butyl rubber.   6. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized   in that the first element comprises a corrugated metal strip embedded in butyl rubber or bearing butyl rubber on one or more of his faces.   7. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized   in that an insert containing a desiccant is incorporated into the enclosed space.   8. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 7, characterized   in that a microporous material is inserted into the first element to impede the entry of water molecules into the enclosed space while allowing the passage of other gases.   9. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 8, characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element has a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.8 to 14. MPa.   10. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element has a modulus of elasticity which is not greater than 4 MPa.   11. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 10. characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element is of a type which does not release volatile solids.   12. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element is of a type which presents no loss   Substantial component material at temperatures below 1 ° F.   13. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 12, characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element has a glass transition temperature T! (measured by differential scanning calorimetry as specified in this   description less than -45 C.   14. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 13, characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element has a water permeability of less than 2.25 g x mm of thickness per m2 x 24h x kPa of water pressure, and preferably   less than 1.5Sg x mm thick per m2 x 24h x kPa of water pressure.   15. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 14. characterized   in that the adhesive of the second element is a polyurethane, and preferably a two-component polyurethane.   16. Multiple glazing according to one of claims I to 15, characterized   in that at least one panel carries one or more sunscreen (s) or low emissivity.   17. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized   in that the distance between the adjacent panels is between 1 and 4mrm.   18. Multiple glazing according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized   in that the closed space is provided with a special filling selected from among one or more gases such as snarl, SF6 or krypton, or a material such as a airgel.   A method of manufacturing a multi-glazing for a vehicle, comprising inserting a sealing interlayer between two adjacent glass panes so as to maintain the panels in spaced relationship with each other.   the other, characterized in that a first element of the sealing interlayer.   which element is made of a flexible and malleable material, is placed on one face of one of the panels to form a continuous elongate bead extending along the marginal portion of the face and near its edge, the other panel is 26 4 2 4 18   . then placed on the first element, and the two panels are pressed together until the intermediate space is reduced to a desired distance and forms a closed space between the panels, and in that a second element, which is at partially formed of an adhesive having a modulus of elasticity greater than 1.4 μm (as measured in the manner specified in this specification), is then placed in contact with the panels around at least a part from the first   element so as to form a strongly adhesive bond between the panels.   20. The method of claim 19, characterized in that it comprises first washing and drying the glass panels and then applying a butyl rubber bead on one of them, so to train the first element.   Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the butyl bead is aligned by means of a roller provided with a guide allowing   keep the distance to the edge of the panel constant.   22. Method according to one of claims 20 or 21, characterized in that   that the other panel is then positioned on the first element and a hollow needle is inserted through the butyl bead to allow air to escape from the intermediate space during the subsequent pressing of the second sign on the first.   23. Method according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that   that the assembly of the panels to form the glazing is achieved by means of a press having trays to which are attached inflatable bags which   apply the required assembly pressure to the opposite faces of the glazing.   24. Method according to one of claims 19 to 23, characterized in that   that the glazing comprises panels of different dimensions and that a masking tape is placed around the margin of the inner face of the largest panel so as to avoid the application of the second adhesive element on the said margin.