FR2610963A1 - Modular construction elements for curved architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a principle for precasting reinforced elements from lightweight and insulating concrete (polystyrene concrete) in order to make it possible to construct, by installation in a numerical order, a construction with curved architecture. The shell of the building is erected entirely without adding cement. These precast elements B-C-D-E-F are installed in a numerical order on the raft A by means of specific equipment K and H. This equipment allows accurate installation and adjustment. Each construction has one or more windows G.

Description

Modular building elements for curved architecture.

The present invention relates to the production of pre-fabricated elements in lightened and insulating concrete, or other materials (like orange slice), for the construction of modular assemblies with curved architecture.

The numerological definition of these different elements constitutes the whole of the architecture. There are principles of self-construction in traditional, by inflatable structure with reinforcement and projection of concrete on it to obtain the thickness of the construction. The principle on this type of construction, with the addition of windows and window frames is very long, it is labor intensive and it is very expensive. In addition, thermal insulation from the outside or the inside must be treated separately, which increases both the time and the cost. Drying time and bad weather are a definite handicap which necessarily delay the progress of a site. There is also a significant maintenance and cleaning time concerning the inflatable structure. For this principle, it also requires a special scaffolding to allow and the installation of the reinforcement, and the projection. It is also a heavy construction that cannot be built on any terrain.

The installation of different pre-fabricated elements for this type of construction can also allow, by superimposing these elements, the construction thereof. The disadvantage of this process is that it also requires excessive labor, the intervention of qualified masons. In addition, there is a huge risk with regard to the instability of the entire construction, given that its deformation is convincing in compression. Human malfunctions can also represent the disadvantage that the curves are not always perfect. This construction principle also has the disadvantage of having cement joints between each element which increases the risks of exterior and interior cracking. once the exterior plasters and the interior plasters have been made, taking into account that there are phenomena of expansion with different materials.

The present invention overcomes these drawbacks, because each element placed in a precise numerological direction of assembly is in one piece, which allows the realization of this construction very easily.

These elements, component, in one piece, have an internal frame which will have several advantages. The first ensures the internal reinforcement, which gives the resistance of each element. The internal reinforcement also ensures by receiving welded and drilled plates, the fixing thereof relative to the raft on which it rests.

The fixing of welded plates also ensures the possibility of clamping the elements together vertically.

The overflow of the interior reinforcement, at the high point and in the center also makes it possible to receive a belt which will be cast in the keystone.

Each element is connected to each other by a tightening principle, all the elements are also fixed and tightened on the raft, which gives the advantage by this principle of making the construction anti-seismic, and of also protect it against all natural phenomena such as: avalanches, heavy snow, winds, etc.
The external overflow of the frame also has the advantage of allowing the taking of each element by a lifting and handling means to allow its installation very easily. By this principle, the loss of labor time is excluded, the risk of accident that can occur by manual handling is eliminated.

The present invention also has the advantage that each element having a special shape, these fit together very easily.

This shape also makes it possible to receive a special seal and thereby eliminate the risks of exterior and interior cracking by expansion phenomenon.

It also has the advantage of ensuring, by principle, a very high resistance to compression, which allows the whole structural work to ensure without any risk the loads of the exterior plaster and other loads. Each element with its frame is cast in special molds. These will be poured in lightweight concrete (polystyrene concrete), which has several advantages.

10) This gives a very interesting thermal insulation included in the structural structure.

20) The advantage of also having a very light construction that can be built on any terrain.

The present invention by its principle does not require for the assembly of the shell, a skilled workforce, and it is very quickly assembled.

Its pre-production principle eliminates all human faults and ensures with great precision the aesthetic mastery of curves.

Weathering phenomena are no longer a handicap, given that the structural work does not have to receive cement-based products for its assembly.

The present invention also has the advantage of having absolute control over the exposure time of the entire construction.

It also has the advantage of being scalable.

Its design by standard elements means that the living area can evolve according to the means and desires without any modification of the existing architecture. Its insulating material can be suitable, both in hot countries and in cold countries.

The surfaces, heights, thicknesses are not limiting, they can vary according to demand.

In the accompanying drawings (FIG. 1) given solely by way of nonlimiting example, the mounting principle of the present invention makes it possible to produce a construction with curved architecture without any addition of cement for the mounting of the structural work and it is defined as follows the construction begins with the realization of a raft (A) receiving it. the raft is circular in shape, it represents the surface and the layout of the construction.

The technicality of the raft (A) is calculated according to the nature of the terrain and its geographic and climatic position.

The raft can be poured on a compacted form or on a crawl space, and this according to the rules of the art. The raft is obtained by pouring concrete into a formwork.

The present invention means that this formwork includes, throughout its periphery, an articulated molding device which folds down 90 "relative to the formwork and vertical face of the slab, making it possible to obtain a circular male boss, in semi-round and in relief, relative to the top face of the raft.

It also has, at its periphery (Figure 2-5) positioned during pouring, metal angle brackets (1), welded to threaded bushings (2) fixed to the reinforcement (3).

They secure the pre-made elements (D) to the raft (A).

Sealing is ensured by the compression of a flexible bituminous seal (4) placed between the raft (A) and the structural elements (D).

This joint also has the advantage of bringing a plus in the comfort of the construction, because there is a separation between the raft (A) and the pre-fabricated elements (D), it also cuts the thermal bridge.

According to the present invention, the description, the installation and the assembly in a numerological order of the prefabricated elements constituting the curved architecture are the following 1 ") Installation of the passage elements (Figure 1) the two vertical elements (B) are fixed on a mounting easel (H) which is fixed to the slab (A) by bolts. The easel (H) has adjustment screws which allow to position, and to adjust in a precise way the verticality and ltho- of these elements.

The vertical elements (B) receive the arch (C) covering the passage.

The tightness of this assembly (Figure 7) is
sée by the compression of a bituminous joint (4) placed between the male and female bosses (6-7) as on the circumference of the raft (Figure 2-5).

According to the present invention, the pre-fabricated elements represent the curved architecture, they determine a spherical volume with flat base, and are cut out according to the "orange slice-like" principle (Figure 1).

A standard realization consists of twelve elements (D).

Each element (D) has a specific shape according to its location in the architecture arrangement, example Figure 8, numerology of installation of the elements (D) from 1 to 30.

It is obvious that according to the number of spherical volumes assembled, the numerology varies.

Each element consists at its base of a female boss (Figure 2 -5) reinforced by a shaped metal plate, integral with the vertical reinforcement (8) of the element, this plate (5) has an adjustment light ensuring the fixing by bolt (9) in a housing reserved for this purpose.

The tightening of the element compresses over its entire length a bituminous seal (4) which, as for the passage elements, provides horizontal sealing as well as the other advantages mentioned above.

The vertical sealing of the elements (Figure 6) is also obtained by the compression of a bituminous joint (11) between two male and female rebates.

Compression, installation, assembly, are obtained by bolting (12) of metal plates (13) integral with the horizontal reinforcement (14) of the elements.

Each element comprises for this assembly four reservations (15) obtained in the casting of the elements.

The final keying (Figure 4) of the curved architectural elements (D) and the vertical passage elements (B) as well as the window door is obtained by a bolt device (16) on plates (17) identical to the assembly vertical of the standard elements described previously in the presentation.

Claims (3)

REVIEWS  1. Production of prefabricated elements (D) in lightweight concrete of the polystyrene concrete type, the assembly of which is done without a single addition of cement, according to an orange slice arrangement for modular construction of curved architecture, consisting of install the prefabricated elements (B, C. DEF) in a numerological order (1 to 30) on a slab (A) characterized, in that the slab (A) has a specific shape, obtained by an articulated molding device, folding down to 90 relative to the formwork face vertical of the raft, making it possible to obtain a male boss, circular, semi-round, and in relief with respect to the top face of the raft, and in that the raft (A) also has at its periphery, positioned during pouring , metal angle plates (1) welded to threaded bushings (2) fixed to the reinforcement (3), and in that the sealing is ensured by a bituminous seal (4), placed between the raft (A) and the structural elements (D) and in that the two vertical elements (B) are fixed on a mounting easel (H) which itself is fixed to the raft (A) by bolts, and in that the easel ( H) includes adjustment screws, which allow the verticality and horizontality of these elements to be precisely positioned and adjusted, e t in that the vertical elements receive the roof (C) as a passage cover, and in that the sealing of this assembly is achieved by the compression of a bituminous seal placed between the male and female bosses (6.7) as on the circumference of the raft (A); and in that each element (D) has a specific shape according to its location in the arrangement of the architecture, and in that the vertical sealing of the elements (D) is obtained by the compression of a bituminous joint placed between two male and female rebates (li).  2. Production according to claim (1) characterized in that the compression, installation, assembly, are obtained by bolting (12) of metal plates (13) integral with the horizontal reinforcement (14) of the elements} and in that that each element comprises for this assembly four reservations (15) obtained for the casting of the elements.  3. Production according to claim (1), characterized in that the keying of the elements of curved architecture (D) and of the vertical passage elements (B) as well as the French window, is obtained by a bolt device (16) on plates (17)