FR2610007A1 - Four industriel vertical a ventilation peripherique - Google Patents
Four industriel vertical a ventilation peripherique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2610007A1 FR2610007A1 FR8700888A FR8700888A FR2610007A1 FR 2610007 A1 FR2610007 A1 FR 2610007A1 FR 8700888 A FR8700888 A FR 8700888A FR 8700888 A FR8700888 A FR 8700888A FR 2610007 A1 FR2610007 A1 FR 2610007A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- oven
- enclosure
- turbines
- exchanger
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B2005/062—Cooling elements
- F27B2005/066—Cooling elements disposed around the fan
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
- F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
- F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
AU NIVEAU DE L'ECHANGEUR USUEL 9 ON DISPOSE UNE VIROLE 8A PRESENTANT DES TROUS 8C EN FACE DESQUELS UNE TURBINE A AXE GEOMETRIQUE HORIZONTAL EST DISPOSEE. CETTE TURBINE ETANT ENTRAINEE PAR UN MOTEUR 11 POUR REFOULER LE GAZ REFROIDI DANS UNE CHAMBRE ANNULAIRE 13 QUI ENTOURE L'ENCEINTE 1 AFIN QUE CE GAZ PENETRE A NOUVEAU DANS LADITE ENCEINTE EN TRAVERSANT LA SOLE 7. GRACE A UNE MARCHE ALEATOIRE DES TURBINES 12 ON REALISE UN BALAYAGE PARFAIT DE L'ENCEINTE 1.
Description
On sait que les fours industriels verticaux pour la trempe sous vide au moyen d'un gaz inerte refroidi dans un échangeur de température, comportent sur leur fond supérieur un moteur électrique d'entraînenent d'une turbine placée dans l'enceinte de ces fours de manière à aspirer le gaz inerte situé dans celui-ci pour le faire sasser dans l'échangeur de température et le refouler par une chambre annulaire jusqu'en dessous de la sole à travers laquelle il passe pour venir en contact avec les pièces à traiter.
S'agissant de fours importants, le débit de la turbine doit être très élevé, de telle sorte que son moteur d'entrainement est puissant et comporte donc un encombrement vertical considérable. Ainsi, de tels fours ne peuvent trouver place que dans des bâtiments très hauts, ce qui est un inconvénient majeur puisque dans certain cas, l'utilisateur est obligé de modifier la structure de ses bâtiments.
Le refroidissement des pièces au moyen d'une seule turbine centrale crée des zones préférentielles de passage du gaz inerte froid sur les pièces à traiter, de telle sorte qu'il existe parmi celles-ci des zones mortes où le traitement thermique est mauvais. En un mot, le refroidissement de l'ensemble des pièces à traiter n'est pas uniforme.
Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à remédier à ces inconvénients et à permettre la réalisation d'un four vertical comportant une multiplicité de turbines périphériques qui permettent de créer sur la charge à refroidir des courants aléatoires non préférentiels et ainsi d'homogénéiser le refroidissement de l'ensemble des pièces, tout en réduisant l'encombrement en hauteur du four considéré.
A cet effet, le four suivant l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'au niveau de son échangeur de température, on dispose plusieurs turbines à axe géométrique horizontal, dont la tubulure d'entrée est associée à une virole entourant ledit échangeur, tandis que sa base est solidaire de la paroi transversale supérieure de l'enceinte du four et qui est pourvue de passages, les turbines refoulant le gaz refroidi dans la chambre annulaire usuelle destinée à conduire ce gaz refoulé en dessous de la sole.
Dans un mode d'exécution préféré de la disposition qui précède, les turbines qui sont au nombre de trois ou plus sont réparties de manière régulière sur la périphérie dudit four.
Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer
Fig. i ést une coupe transversale schématique d'un four industriel vertical comportant application des perfectionnements suivant l'inven. on.
Fig. i ést une coupe transversale schématique d'un four industriel vertical comportant application des perfectionnements suivant l'inven. on.
Fig. en est une coupe suivant II-II (fig. 1).
Le four ill strié en fig. 1 comprend essentiellement une enceinte 1 destinée à recevoir une charge 2 de pièces à traiter, cette charge étant montée sur des chandelles 3 prenant appui sur l'embase 4 du four.
L'enceinte 1 est délimitée latéralement par une paroi réfractaire tubulaire 5 dont le dessus est fermé par une cloison horizontale 6, tandis que sa partie inférieure est constituée par une sole 7 pourvue d'une large ouverture centrale 7a. On observe que la cloison 6 est pourvue de passages 6a. Cette cloison constitue la base d'un compartiment 8 déIimité par une virole 8a qui constitue sa périphérie et par une paroi horizontale 8b. Dans le compartiment 8 se trouve un échangeur de température 9 à circulation d'eau froide. L'ensemble de l'enceinte 1 et du compartiment 8 se trouve à l'intérieur d'une jaquette 10 dont la périphérie située au niveau de l'échangeur 9 est pourvue de supports pour trois moteurs 11 dont les arbres portent chacun une turbine 12 disposée en vis-à-vis d'un trou 8c pratiqué dans la virole 8a.
Le fonctionnement est le suivant : Une fois que l'élévation de température souhaitée a été effectuée dans l'enceinte 1, le gaz inerte est introduit et est mis en mouvement par la. rotation des turbines 12.
Ce gaz est aspiré à travers l'échangeur de température 9 à partir de l'intérieur de l'enceinte 1 à travers les passages 6a de la cloison 6.
I1 se refroidit dans l'échangeur, puis il traverse les trous 8c pour être refoulé sous pression dans la chambre annulaire 13 située entre l'enceinte 1 et la jaquette 10. Le gaz refoulé arrive alors sous la sole 7 qutil traverse par son ouverture 7a pour venir en contact avec les différentes pièces constituant la charge 2.
Les trois moteurs 11 sont avantageusements prévus à deux vitesses ou à vitesse variable, et ils sont commandés à partir d'une armoire électrique usuelle non représentée comportant m dispositif de mise en marche aléatoire de ces moteurs à des vitesses différentes, de telle sorte que tout le volume intérieur de l'enceinte 1 est balayé par des mouvements de convection du gaz inerte. Ce balayage assure une homogénéisation du refroidissement de l'ensemble des pièces constituant la charge 2, comme on l'a expliqué plus haut, de telle sorte que le four réalisé conformément à l'invention répond mieux que jusqu'à présent aux desiderata de la technique.
I1 doit d'ailleurs être entendu que la description qui précède n'a été donnée qu'à titre d'exemple et qu'elle e limite nullement le domaine de l'invention dont on ne sortirait pa- en remplaçant les détails d'exécution décrits par tous autres équivalents.
Claims (3)
1. Four industriel vertical pour trempe sous vide au moyen d'un gaz inerte refro !i dans un échangeur de température (9), caractérisé en ce qu'au nivea dudit échangeur (9) on dispose plusieurs turbines (12) dont la tubulure d'entrée est associée à un trou (8c) d'une virole (8a) entourant l'échangeur (9), tandis que sa base est solidaire de la paroi transversale supérieure (6) de l'enceinte utile (1) du four qui est pourvue de passages (6a), les turbines (12) refoulant le gaz refroidi dans une chambre annulaire (13) entourant l'enceinte (1) afin que ce gaz pénètre dans ladite enceinte en traversant par une ouverture (7a) la sole (7).
2. Four industriel suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les turbines (12) sont réparties autour de la virole (8a).
3. Four industriel suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de mise en marche aléatoire des turbines à des vitesses différentes (12) en vue de créer des mouvements de convection du gaz refroidi susceptible de balayer toutes les zones de l'enceinte (1) du four afin de réaliser un traitement thermique uniforme pour toutes les pièces constituant la charge (2) de ce four.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8700888A FR2610007B1 (fr) | 1987-01-22 | 1987-01-22 | Four industriel vertical a ventilation peripherique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8700888A FR2610007B1 (fr) | 1987-01-22 | 1987-01-22 | Four industriel vertical a ventilation peripherique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2610007A1 true FR2610007A1 (fr) | 1988-07-29 |
| FR2610007B1 FR2610007B1 (fr) | 1990-08-24 |
Family
ID=9347278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8700888A Expired - Lifetime FR2610007B1 (fr) | 1987-01-22 | 1987-01-22 | Four industriel vertical a ventilation peripherique |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2610007B1 (fr) |
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