FR2591839A1 - Feuille de verre, notamment a usage antibuee, pourvue d'un film mince electriquement conducteur - Google Patents
Feuille de verre, notamment a usage antibuee, pourvue d'un film mince electriquement conducteur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2591839A1 FR2591839A1 FR8617408A FR8617408A FR2591839A1 FR 2591839 A1 FR2591839 A1 FR 2591839A1 FR 8617408 A FR8617408 A FR 8617408A FR 8617408 A FR8617408 A FR 8617408A FR 2591839 A1 FR2591839 A1 FR 2591839A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- electrically conductive
- glass sheet
- bus bars
- thin film
- conductive thin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibutyl(dichloro)stannane Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](Cl)(Cl)CCCC RJGHQTVXGKYATR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl(oxo)tin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn](=O)CCCC JGFBRKRYDCGYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12597—Noncrystalline silica or noncrystalline plural-oxide component [e.g., glass, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12896—Ag-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1985192035U JPS6299191U (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1985-12-13 | 1985-12-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2591839A1 true FR2591839A1 (fr) | 1987-06-19 |
Family
ID=16284517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8617408A Pending FR2591839A1 (fr) | 1985-12-13 | 1986-12-12 | Feuille de verre, notamment a usage antibuee, pourvue d'un film mince electriquement conducteur |
Country Status (8)
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005089019A3 (de) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-11-10 | Wet Automotive Systems Ag | Flächiges heizelement |
| US7714256B2 (en) | 2006-06-01 | 2010-05-11 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
| US7838804B2 (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2010-11-23 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69001937T2 (de) * | 1989-03-31 | 1994-02-03 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Elektrisch beheizbare Windschutzscheibe. |
| GB8917077D0 (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1989-09-13 | Emi Plc Thorn | Electrically resistive tracks made from conductive polymer inks |
| WO1991018757A1 (en) * | 1990-05-29 | 1991-12-12 | Xytorr Corporation | Method for applying electrical bus bars to a substrate |
| US5666771A (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-09-16 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage | Electrochromic glazing pane |
| DE19645432A1 (de) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-07 | Richard Dr Sizmann | Sichtkörper für einen Schutzhelm oder eine Schutzbrille mit Heizvorrichtung |
| GB9818760D0 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 1998-10-21 | Triplex Safety Glass Co | Production of heated windows |
| AU2002361859A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-09 | Add-Vision, Inc. | Screen printable electrode for organic light emitting device |
| US7223940B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-05-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Heatable windshield |
| DE102008018147A1 (de) * | 2008-04-10 | 2009-10-15 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Transparente Scheibe mit einer beheizbaren Beschichtung und niederohmigen leitenden Strukturen |
| JP2010020918A (ja) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-28 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 端子構造及び車両用端子付ガラス板 |
| MA52344A (fr) | 2018-04-23 | 2021-03-03 | Saint Gobain | Barre collectrice allongée comportant des segments lui conférant une robustesse accrue |
| DE112019004194T5 (de) * | 2018-08-21 | 2021-06-17 | AGC Inc. | Laminiertes Glas |
| WO2023067206A1 (es) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-27 | Cristalería Pontevedresa S.L | Vidrio calefactable conductivo en masa para automoción, ferrocarril y naval |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2475379A (en) * | 1946-12-18 | 1949-07-05 | Corning Glass Works | Electric heating device |
| US2628299A (en) * | 1949-12-31 | 1953-02-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Connection for electrically conducting films |
| GB1005618A (en) * | 1963-06-15 | 1965-09-22 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting articles |
| DE1807862A1 (de) * | 1967-11-09 | 1969-08-21 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Elektrisch heizbares Glaserzeugnis und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE1923311A1 (de) * | 1968-05-07 | 1969-11-27 | Sierracin Corp | Vorrichtung fuer eine aussen verlaufende Sammelleitung |
| FR2105845A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1970-09-09 | 1972-04-28 | Delog Detag Flachglas Ag | |
| EP0025755A1 (fr) * | 1979-09-08 | 1981-03-25 | Saint Gobain Vitrage International | Vitrage chauffant à film résistant mince |
| DE3202239A1 (de) * | 1982-01-25 | 1983-08-04 | Vereinigte Glaswerke Gmbh, 5100 Aachen | Spiegel |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB682264A (en) * | 1949-04-18 | 1952-11-05 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Light transmissive electrically conducting optical articles suitable for use as a lens, a window or windshield, or the like |
| GB724086A (en) * | 1951-04-30 | 1955-02-16 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Articles provided with electroconductive coatings |
| BE523874A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1952-10-29 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| DE1081530B (de) * | 1956-06-18 | 1960-05-12 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Elektrisch leitender, lichtdurchlaessiger Gegenstand |
| NL302880A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1963-04-30 | |||
| US3734698A (en) * | 1970-09-18 | 1973-05-22 | Ppg Industries Inc | Transparent electroconductive window and electroconductive solder therefor |
| JPS6020449A (ja) * | 1983-07-15 | 1985-02-01 | Toshiba Corp | 両口金形ランプ |
| JPS60195251A (ja) * | 1984-03-16 | 1985-10-03 | 丸栄陶業株式会社 | 屋根の瓦葺き工法 |
-
1985
- 1985-12-13 JP JP1985192035U patent/JPS6299191U/ja active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-12-02 KR KR860010285A patent/KR870005920A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1986-12-03 GB GB08628869A patent/GB2184929A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-12-09 IT IT8648724A patent/IT1198500B/it active
- 1986-12-09 CA CA000524847A patent/CA1298085C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-12 US US06/941,217 patent/US4778732A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-12 DE DE19863642596 patent/DE3642596A1/de active Granted
- 1986-12-12 FR FR8617408A patent/FR2591839A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2475379A (en) * | 1946-12-18 | 1949-07-05 | Corning Glass Works | Electric heating device |
| US2628299A (en) * | 1949-12-31 | 1953-02-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Connection for electrically conducting films |
| GB1005618A (en) * | 1963-06-15 | 1965-09-22 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting articles |
| DE1807862A1 (de) * | 1967-11-09 | 1969-08-21 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Elektrisch heizbares Glaserzeugnis und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| DE1923311A1 (de) * | 1968-05-07 | 1969-11-27 | Sierracin Corp | Vorrichtung fuer eine aussen verlaufende Sammelleitung |
| FR2105845A5 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * | 1970-09-09 | 1972-04-28 | Delog Detag Flachglas Ag | |
| EP0025755A1 (fr) * | 1979-09-08 | 1981-03-25 | Saint Gobain Vitrage International | Vitrage chauffant à film résistant mince |
| DE3202239A1 (de) * | 1982-01-25 | 1983-08-04 | Vereinigte Glaswerke Gmbh, 5100 Aachen | Spiegel |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005089019A3 (de) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-11-10 | Wet Automotive Systems Ag | Flächiges heizelement |
| US8288693B2 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2012-10-16 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
| US7838804B2 (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2010-11-23 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
| US7714256B2 (en) | 2006-06-01 | 2010-05-11 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
| US8106338B2 (en) | 2006-06-01 | 2012-01-31 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Flat heating element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1298085C (en) | 1992-03-31 |
| DE3642596A1 (de) | 1987-06-19 |
| KR870005920A (ko) | 1987-07-07 |
| JPS6299191U (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1987-06-24 |
| DE3642596C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1991-02-14 |
| US4778732A (en) | 1988-10-18 |
| IT8648724A0 (it) | 1986-12-09 |
| GB8628869D0 (en) | 1987-01-07 |
| GB2184929A (en) | 1987-07-01 |
| IT1198500B (it) | 1988-12-21 |
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