US2475379A - Electric heating device - Google Patents
Electric heating device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2475379A US2475379A US716937A US71693746A US2475379A US 2475379 A US2475379 A US 2475379A US 716937 A US716937 A US 716937A US 71693746 A US71693746 A US 71693746A US 2475379 A US2475379 A US 2475379A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- platinum
- base member
- film
- metallic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
Definitions
- This invention relates to electric heating devices of the type comprising an electrically conducting iridized film of tin oxide supported on and in intimate contact with a base member of ceramic material such as glass.
- Such films are produced by heating the ceramic base member to 600700 C. and exposing it for ten to twenty seconds or more, while heated, to the fumes of stannic chloride or an atomized mist of stannous chloride solution.
- This process is commonly known as iridizing because the films are frequently iridescent in appearance. useful for some purposes, such as the generation of heat, but no satisfactory means has hitherto been devised for providing them with metallic terminals whereby substantial electric currents may be passed through the films.
- the primary object of this invention is to provide spaced metallic terminals which are permanently united with the ceramic base member and which make non-resistant electrical contact with the iridized film.
- spaced metallic terminals or members are supported on a ceramic base member, each metallic member consisting of a fired on metallized layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a fired on metallized layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part.
- a conducting iridized film of tin oxide is subsequently deposited by the above process on the base member between the metallic members and overlying the platinum of each metallic member and in electrical contact therewith.
- the metallic members or terminals may be connected by means of clamps or soldered joints to a source of electric current in the usual manner.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a glass plate provided with spaced metallic terminals and a conducting iridized film between and over the terminals in accordance with the invention.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing the iridized film greatly exaggerated.
- the metallized stripes are formed by applying to the glass plate near its edges narrow strips of silver metallizing composition and firing it on the Narrow strips of platinum metallizing composition are thereafter applied so as to contact the glass adjacent the silver stripes and to overlie the. silver, at least in part.
- the platinum composition is then fired on in known manner.
- the silver and platinum metallizing compositions known as "metallic lusters or "silver or platinum bright are well known and are readily available on the market.
- An article of manufacture comprising a ceramic base member, two metallic members supported on the base member in spaced relationship to each other, each metallic member consisting of a fired-0n metallized layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a fired on metallized layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part, an iridized film containing tin oxide and extending continuously from intimate contact with the platinum of one of said metallic members to intimate contact with the platinum of the other, and means connected with said metallic members for supplying electric current thereto.
- An electric heating device comprising a 3 ceramic base member, an iridiaed tin oxide-containing illm supported on and in intimate contact with said base member, and two metallic electric terminals supported on said base memher in spaced relationship with each other, each such terminal consisting of a layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part, the iridized mm extending continuously from intimate contact with the platinum of one of said terminals to intimate contact with the platinum of the other.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
y 5 1949- G. E. STONG 2,475,379
ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE Filed Dec. 18, 1946 Jnmnmr GUY .5 drama ttumzpa Patented July 5, 1949 ELECTRIC HEATING DEVICE Guy E. Stung Elmira, N. Y., assignmto Corning Glass Works, Corning, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application December 18, 1946, Serial No. 716,937
2 Claims.
This invention relates to electric heating devices of the type comprising an electrically conducting iridized film of tin oxide supported on and in intimate contact with a base member of ceramic material such as glass. Such films are produced by heating the ceramic base member to 600700 C. and exposing it for ten to twenty seconds or more, while heated, to the fumes of stannic chloride or an atomized mist of stannous chloride solution. This process is commonly known as iridizing because the films are frequently iridescent in appearance. useful for some purposes, such as the generation of heat, but no satisfactory means has hitherto been devised for providing them with metallic terminals whereby substantial electric currents may be passed through the films.
The primary object of this invention is to provide spaced metallic terminals which are permanently united with the ceramic base member and which make non-resistant electrical contact with the iridized film.
According to the invention, spaced metallic terminals or members are supported on a ceramic base member, each metallic member consisting of a fired on metallized layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a fired on metallized layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part. A conducting iridized film of tin oxide is subsequently deposited by the above process on the base member between the metallic members and overlying the platinum of each metallic member and in electrical contact therewith. In order to pass an electric current through the iridized film, the metallic members or terminals may be connected by means of clamps or soldered joints to a source of electric current in the usual manner.
For a better understanding of the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of a glass plate provided with spaced metallic terminals and a conducting iridized film between and over the terminals in accordance with the invention; and
Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing the iridized film greatly exaggerated.
In the drawing a ass p ate In is provided with Such films are glass in known manner.
2 metallized stripes II and I2 of silver and superimposed metallized stripes l3 and I4 of platinum and an overlying electrically conducting tin oxide iridized film l5. Silver stripes II and I2 which are in electrical contact with the film l5 through platinum stripes l3 and M are connected by clamps l6 and I! with a source of current (not shown).
The metallized stripes are formed by applying to the glass plate near its edges narrow strips of silver metallizing composition and firing it on the Narrow strips of platinum metallizing composition are thereafter applied so as to contact the glass adjacent the silver stripes and to overlie the. silver, at least in part. The platinum composition is then fired on in known manner. The silver and platinum metallizing compositions, known as "metallic lusters or "silver or platinum bright are well known and are readily available on the market.
When the conducting iridized film is subsequently' deposited on the glass plate and the metallized stripes, a good electrical contact exists between the film and the metal. A good electrical contact would not be obtained if the layer of platinum were omitted, because for reasons unknown the film, during deposition, becomes granular in structure at the junction of silver and glass. I have found that when this junction is covered with platinum the iridized film makes good electrical contact with the platinum and through it makes good contact with the silver.'
I claim:
1. An article of manufacture comprising a ceramic base member, two metallic members supported on the base member in spaced relationship to each other, each metallic member consisting of a fired-0n metallized layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a fired on metallized layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part, an iridized film containing tin oxide and extending continuously from intimate contact with the platinum of one of said metallic members to intimate contact with the platinum of the other, and means connected with said metallic members for supplying electric current thereto.
2. An electric heating device comprising a 3 ceramic base member, an iridiaed tin oxide-containing illm supported on and in intimate contact with said base member, and two metallic electric terminals supported on said base memher in spaced relationship with each other, each such terminal consisting of a layer of silver intimately united with the base member and a layer of platinum intimately united with the base member adjacent to the silver and overlying the silver at least in part, the iridized mm extending continuously from intimate contact with the platinum of one of said terminals to intimate contact with the platinum of the other.
GUY E. STONG.
U 4 REFERENCES The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US716937A US2475379A (en) | 1946-12-18 | 1946-12-18 | Electric heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US716937A US2475379A (en) | 1946-12-18 | 1946-12-18 | Electric heating device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2475379A true US2475379A (en) | 1949-07-05 |
Family
ID=24880056
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US716937A Expired - Lifetime US2475379A (en) | 1946-12-18 | 1946-12-18 | Electric heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2475379A (en) |
Cited By (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2557983A (en) * | 1949-03-22 | 1951-06-26 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Transparent electroconductive article |
| US2564708A (en) * | 1947-09-03 | 1951-08-21 | Corning Glass Works | Heat screen |
| US2569773A (en) * | 1948-11-20 | 1951-10-02 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2624823A (en) * | 1949-06-23 | 1953-01-06 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2628299A (en) * | 1949-12-31 | 1953-02-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Connection for electrically conducting films |
| US2640904A (en) * | 1950-08-10 | 1953-06-02 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Laminated safety glass |
| US2641672A (en) * | 1950-05-08 | 1953-06-09 | Northrop Aircraft Inc | Electrical conductor |
| US2648754A (en) * | 1947-07-22 | 1953-08-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2648752A (en) * | 1950-10-27 | 1953-08-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Transparent electroconductive article |
| US2681405A (en) * | 1951-02-02 | 1954-06-15 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting films |
| US2688565A (en) * | 1949-07-01 | 1954-09-07 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Refractory base containing a low reflection coating and method of making same |
| US2694649A (en) * | 1949-07-02 | 1954-11-16 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Indium oxide coating on a silicious base |
| US2701296A (en) * | 1947-08-18 | 1955-02-01 | Corning Glass Works | Electrically heated appliance |
| US2760036A (en) * | 1952-09-16 | 1956-08-21 | Robert C Raymer | Metallic film potentiometer |
| US2877329A (en) * | 1950-05-25 | 1959-03-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Transparent resistance heated panel and method of producing same |
| US2952761A (en) * | 1957-04-02 | 1960-09-13 | Chemelex Inc | Electrically conductive laminated structure and method of making same |
| US3007026A (en) * | 1948-10-21 | 1961-10-31 | George V Woodling | Electrical heating devices |
| US3245023A (en) * | 1963-03-29 | 1966-04-05 | Du Pont | Heating device |
| US3279042A (en) * | 1961-07-20 | 1966-10-18 | Siemens Planiawerke Ag | Method for producing a contact layer on a silicon-containing material |
| US3296574A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1967-01-03 | Tassara Luigi | Film resistors with multilayer terminals |
| US3895218A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1975-07-15 | Asg Ind Inc | Electric heater plate and terminal thereof |
| US3934119A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1976-01-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrical resistance heaters |
| US4483304A (en) * | 1981-01-26 | 1984-11-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Fuel vaporizer for internal combustion engines |
| FR2591839A1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-19 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | GLASS SHEET, ESPECIALLY FOR ANTIBUOUS USE, PROVIDED WITH AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE THIN FILM |
| US4814586A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1989-03-21 | Grise Frederick Gerard J | Electrical resistance heater |
| US4933534A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-06-12 | Cunningham Paul A | Electrical heater and plug |
| US5940579A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1999-08-17 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Capacitive leakage current cancellation for heating panel |
| US6166620A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2000-12-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Resistance wiring board and method for manufacturing the same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR767797A (en) * | 1934-07-23 | |||
| US2021661A (en) * | 1932-11-17 | 1935-11-19 | Dispersion Cathodique Sa | Electrical heating element of large surface for low temperatures |
| US2119680A (en) * | 1934-06-14 | 1938-06-07 | Saint Gobain | Method and means for the manufacture of electrical resistances |
| US2258646A (en) * | 1939-05-17 | 1941-10-14 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Resistance material |
-
1946
- 1946-12-18 US US716937A patent/US2475379A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR767797A (en) * | 1934-07-23 | |||
| US2021661A (en) * | 1932-11-17 | 1935-11-19 | Dispersion Cathodique Sa | Electrical heating element of large surface for low temperatures |
| US2119680A (en) * | 1934-06-14 | 1938-06-07 | Saint Gobain | Method and means for the manufacture of electrical resistances |
| US2258646A (en) * | 1939-05-17 | 1941-10-14 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Resistance material |
Cited By (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2648754A (en) * | 1947-07-22 | 1953-08-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2701296A (en) * | 1947-08-18 | 1955-02-01 | Corning Glass Works | Electrically heated appliance |
| US2564708A (en) * | 1947-09-03 | 1951-08-21 | Corning Glass Works | Heat screen |
| US3007026A (en) * | 1948-10-21 | 1961-10-31 | George V Woodling | Electrical heating devices |
| US2569773A (en) * | 1948-11-20 | 1951-10-02 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2557983A (en) * | 1949-03-22 | 1951-06-26 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Transparent electroconductive article |
| US2624823A (en) * | 1949-06-23 | 1953-01-06 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Electroconductive article |
| US2688565A (en) * | 1949-07-01 | 1954-09-07 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Refractory base containing a low reflection coating and method of making same |
| US2694649A (en) * | 1949-07-02 | 1954-11-16 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Indium oxide coating on a silicious base |
| US2628299A (en) * | 1949-12-31 | 1953-02-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Connection for electrically conducting films |
| US2641672A (en) * | 1950-05-08 | 1953-06-09 | Northrop Aircraft Inc | Electrical conductor |
| US2877329A (en) * | 1950-05-25 | 1959-03-10 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Transparent resistance heated panel and method of producing same |
| US2640904A (en) * | 1950-08-10 | 1953-06-02 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Laminated safety glass |
| US2648752A (en) * | 1950-10-27 | 1953-08-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Transparent electroconductive article |
| US2681405A (en) * | 1951-02-02 | 1954-06-15 | Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co | Electrically conducting films |
| US2760036A (en) * | 1952-09-16 | 1956-08-21 | Robert C Raymer | Metallic film potentiometer |
| US2952761A (en) * | 1957-04-02 | 1960-09-13 | Chemelex Inc | Electrically conductive laminated structure and method of making same |
| US3279042A (en) * | 1961-07-20 | 1966-10-18 | Siemens Planiawerke Ag | Method for producing a contact layer on a silicon-containing material |
| US3296574A (en) * | 1962-12-21 | 1967-01-03 | Tassara Luigi | Film resistors with multilayer terminals |
| US3245023A (en) * | 1963-03-29 | 1966-04-05 | Du Pont | Heating device |
| US3895218A (en) * | 1974-05-02 | 1975-07-15 | Asg Ind Inc | Electric heater plate and terminal thereof |
| US3934119A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1976-01-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrical resistance heaters |
| US4814586A (en) * | 1980-08-28 | 1989-03-21 | Grise Frederick Gerard J | Electrical resistance heater |
| US4483304A (en) * | 1981-01-26 | 1984-11-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Fuel vaporizer for internal combustion engines |
| FR2591839A1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-19 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | GLASS SHEET, ESPECIALLY FOR ANTIBUOUS USE, PROVIDED WITH AN ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE THIN FILM |
| US4933534A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-06-12 | Cunningham Paul A | Electrical heater and plug |
| US5940579A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1999-08-17 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Capacitive leakage current cancellation for heating panel |
| US6166620A (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 2000-12-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Resistance wiring board and method for manufacturing the same |
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