FR2543992A1 - PROCESS FOR AIR CONDITIONING A CONCRETE WALL FORMING, FOR EXAMPLE, A WALL OR A FLOOR TILE - Google Patents

Abstract

THE PROCESS CONSISTS OF INCLUDING IN THE WALL 4, 7, DURING ITS MANUFACTURING, A DENSE NETWORK OF 5 OR 8 COMMUNICATING TUBES WITH AT LEAST ONE AIR INLET AND OUTLET.

Description

The present invention relates to a method of air conditioning a wall

concrete forming, for example, a

wall or floor slab.

  It is common to note the appearance of cracks or other degradations in concrete constructions which are attributable, not to a defect, but especially to the temperature differences to which the concrete is exposed While the interior of the building is maintained at a temperature of the order of 200 ° C, the outside temperature can drop well below 00 ° C or, on the contrary, rise in some cases to around 500 ° C This results in expansion or contraction of the irons to reinforce the walls and stresses which ultimately result in a bursting of the concrete The resulting cracks allow

  infiltrations that contribute to degradation.

  The present invention aims to remedy this situation by air conditioning the concrete walls so as to balance the temperature differences between the faces.

opposite of the wall.

  This object is achieved in the sense that the method according to the invention consists in permanently including in the concrete wall, during its manufacture, a dense network of communicating tubes joined to at least one air inlet and outlet. . Thanks to this arrangement, it is allowed to circulate air inside the concrete wall and

  reheat or cool this wall as needed.

  In general, the air inlet and outlet of the network open into the interior of the building to which the wall belongs. It is however possible to also provide an air inlet and outlet leading to

  outside the building, this air inlet and outlet can.

be closed by valves.

  In addition to the air conditioning effect of concrete, the method according to the invention has the advantage of accelerating its drying thanks to the ventilation which it provides, of lightening the construction since a substantial part of the walls is hollow and

  to improve the thermal insulation of the building.

X 3992

  It is understood that we have already drowned pipes in concrete ceiling / floor slabs to circulate heating water and that we have also reserved passages in concrete walls for the passage electric wires According to the invention, the function of the network of tubes is however different

  since it is a question of preserving an essential air circulation

  tial in the exterior walls of a building for the purpose

  to protect the material of these walls.

  In a preferred embodiment, the network of tubes consists of parallel tubes joined between them and the density of the network is such that the distance between two successive tubes is approximately between once and

three times the diameter of the tubes.

  Preferably, the tubes are made of asbestos-cement, cement or terracotta, these materials having the advantage of

not to corrode.

  The invention also aims to protect the concrete constituting the exterior walls of a building against

  humidity, completely isolating it from the ambient environment.

  Thus, in one embodiment of the method according to the invention, applied to the construction of an exterior wall for a building, an air-conditioned concrete veil such as the interior of the building is put in place. as described above, an impermeable sheet, such as a bituminized sheet, a layer of thermal insulation material and a facade facing formed of a layer of bricks or

cut stone.

  Applied to the construction of a building, the method according to the invention consists in mounting the concrete sails

  air-conditioned on the ground floor, to lay out the waterproof sheet

  the layer of insulating material, then the facade cladding, and to block everything in place by pouring the slab forming the separation between the ground floor and the first floor, so that this slab overflows the sails of air-conditioned concrete over a distance such that it penetrates the facade cladding, then, in the same way, to mount the air-conditioned concrete walls of the first floor, to the

ú 343992

  garnish with waterproof sheet, insulating material and facade cladding, to block everything in place by pouring the slab separating the first stage from the second and so on. In this way, it is the ceiling / floor tiles that block the facade facing in place so that there is no need to retain this facing by means of connecting elements anchored in the concrete wall. nry therefore has no drilling putting in communication the external environment and the concrete thanks to which the sealing is saved.

  In a preferred embodiment, the tiles a -

  ceiling / floor are also air-conditioned according to the invention

  tion. Preferably, the process for constructing air-conditioned concrete sails according to the invention is implemented in

  if you; however, it is also applicable to the realization

tion of prefabricated panels.

  The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wall constructed according to the invention, which section is taken, for example, along line II of the figure 2 Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the junction between two floors of a building constructed according to the invention, the facade facing being made of bricks Figure 3 differs from Figure 2 only in the nature of the facing of facade which is, this time, made of cut stone Figure 4 shows the connection between two successive tubes of the network of tubes Figure 5 shows the connection of a -network of tubes to an air distribution pipe, and the Figure 6 is a diagram showing the circulation of

the air in the network of tubes.

  If we refer to FIG. 1, we see a wall made up, from outside to inside, of a facade facing 1, of a layer of thermal insulation material 2,

2 D 43992

  for example, glass wool from an impermeable sheet 3, for example, an asphalt sheet ensuring sealing, and from an air-conditioned concrete veil 4 according to the invention. In this veil 4 are embedded concrete irons shown ) and O a series of tubes 5, for example, asbestos cement, cement or terracotta These tubes 5 each define a space

hollow 6.

  If we refer to Figures 4 and 5, we see that the tubes 5 are joined together by fittings 11 provided with

flanges 10.

  To build an air-conditioned concrete veil according to the invention, a formwork is produced, which is lined with wire mesh to reinforce it and in which the network of tubes is placed. 5 The concrete is then poured and, when the latter is taken, we proceed to the formwork removal of the

  5 tubes being permanently included in the reinforced concrete veil.

  If we refer to Figures 2 and 3, we see an air-conditioned ceiling / floor slab according to the invention In this slab is permanently included a network of tubes 8, each of which defines a hollow space 6 The tubes 8 are joined between them as are the tubes 5 It is understood that the slab 7 is also reinforced It even has reinforced frames between the tubes 8 These tubes 8 are of a diameter greater than that of the tubes 5, for example, the tubes 5 have a diameter of 6 cm and the tubes 8 a diameter of 15 cm The spacing between the tubes 5 or between the tubes 8 is approximately between once and

  three times the diameter of the respective tubes.

  Figures 2 and 3 differ only in the nature, and therefore the thickness, of the facade facing. Thus, in Figure 2, the facing 11 is formed of bricks, for example, 12 cm thick and, at Figure 3, the 1 "1 facing is

  formed of cut stone, for example, 20 cm thick-

  sister. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the floor slab penetrates into the wall up to and including the

1 'or 11 "facade cladding.

  More precisely, as we said above, the slab

? 54 13992

  of floor 7 is poured as soon as the lower wall is built Once the slab has been poured, construction of the upper wall is undertaken In this way, slab 7 blocks in place the facade cladding 1 'or 1 "which avoids having use of means for fixing this facing which are anchored in the reinforced concrete veil 4 and creates risks

  infiltration from the outside of the wall to the inside.

  As can be seen from FIG. 6, the network of tubes 5 is joined to a distribution tube 12, the lower and upper parts of which communicate respectively with an air inlet and an outlet provided inside the building. In this way, a air circulation is ensured within the wall which reduces the thermal stresses to which the concrete is exposed and ensures better conservation Indirectly, the thermal insulation of the building is thereby improved Reduction of heat losses can reach 40 % compared to a non-insulated building. Naturally, the air circulating in the network of tubes 5 can be hot air recovered from a chimney or air heated by means of a solar energy collector.

Claims (9)

  1 A method of air conditioning a concrete wall, such as a wall or a floor slab, characterized in that it consists in including in this wall (4 or 7), during its manufacture, a dense network of tubes (5 or 8) communicating   combined with at least one air inlet and one outlet.   2 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet and outlet open inwards   of the building to which the wall (4) belongs.   3 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet and outlet open out of the   building to which the wall belongs (4).   4 Method according to any one of claims 1   to 3, characterized in that the network of tubes (5 or 8) consists of parallel tubes joined together and in that the density of the network -is such that the distance between two successive tubes (5 or 8) is approximately understood   between once and three times the diameter of the tubes (5 or 8).   5 Method according to any one of claims 1   to 4, characterized in that the tubes (5 or 8) are in   asbestos cement, cement or terracotta.   6 Method of constructing an exterior wall of   building, characterized in that it consists of   place, from inside the building towards the outside, a concrete veil (4) air-conditioned by implementing the method according to   any one of claims 1 to 5, a sheet of   waterproof material (3), a layer of insulation material   thermal (2) and a facade facing (1, 1 ', 1 "), -   7 Method of constructing a building with exterior concrete walls lined with a facade facing with   interposition of a layer of thermal insulation material   that, characterized in that it consists in mounting the air-conditioned concrete sails (4) of a ground floor by implementation   the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,   placing a sheet of impermeable material (3), a layer of insulating material (2) then the facade facing (1, 1 'or 1 ") and blocking everything in place by pouring? lCk 3992, the slab ( 7) forming a separation between the ground floor and the first floor so that this slab extends beyond the air-conditioned concrete walls (4) over a distance such that it penetrates the facade cladding (1, 1 ', 1 " ), then, in the same way, to mount the air-conditioned concrete sails (4) -from the first floor, to fill them with the waterproof material sheet (3), the insulating material (2) and the facade cladding (1, 1 ', 1 "), to block everything in place by pouring the slab separating the first stage from the second and so after.   8 Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the ceiling / floor slabs (7) are constructed by implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   9 Prefabricated wall for the realization of walls, resulting from the implementation of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   Building resulting from the implementation of the process according to   any one of claims 1 to 8.