FR2517658A1 - SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR OR LOAD MONITOR - Google Patents

Abstract

SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATOR 1 LIMITING ITS DESCENT, INCLUDING AN ELEMENT FORMING STOP 22 FIXED TO THE GUIDE 8 OF ELEVATOR 1, A MOBILE ELEMENT 24 MOUNTED ON THE CALIPER 3 OF THE ELEVATOR AND DRIVING MEANS 29 OF THE MOBILE ELEMENT 24 BETWEEN AN ACTIVE POSITION WHERE IT EXTENDS ABOVE THE SAID ELEMENT FORMING STOP 22 AND A WITHDRAWAL POSITION IN WHICH IT DOES NOT MEET THE ELEMENT FORMING STOP 22 WHEN MOVING THE ELEVATOR, THIS DEVICE CAN BE COMBINED WITH A PARACHUTE 10. APPLICATION OF SAID SAFETY DEVICE TO LIFTS WITH HYDRAULIC TYPE MOTORS.

Description

"Safety device for elevator or freight elevator" This

  The invention relates to a safety device

  for lifting devices such as elevators or freight elevators.

  The main safety devices currently used in lifting devices such as elevators or

  lifts are formed by parachutes which are mechanical

  designed to stop and keep the lifts or lifts on their guide in case of overspeed on descent or

rupture of the suspension members.

  Different types of parachutes are currently used

  These include quick-release parachutes, snap-action parachutes with cushioning, and soft-grip parachutes. As safety devices, it is also known

  means of isonivelage which allow a refreshing of the ascen-

  during the loading or

  unloading by actuating the driving members.

  However, a safety problem arises in lifting devices whose driving members ensure the movement and

  These devices are of the hydraulic or hydraulic type.

  Hydraulic means being generally formed by cylinders In fact, during a power failure, the means of isonivelage can not function and, because of residual leakage, lifting devices involving means hydraulic systems can descend to a level far from the level they were in before the power was cut. This unintentional descent represents a danger for people, especially if an access door remains open and considerably disrupts

  motor organs and safety systems.

  The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks and proposes a safety device particularly suitable for lifting devices of the hydraulic type while also being applicable to lifting devices of the cable type or of

any other type.

  The safety device according to the present invention makes it possible to immobilize at a given level a lift or lift that is mobile substantially vertically along at least one guide thanks to

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  driving members which are capable of ensuring the movement and stopping of said elevator at a level corresponding to a threshold of said level, said determined level being situated at or below said corresponding level

at the threshold of landing.

  The security device according to the present invention

  comprises a fixed element forming a vertical stop independent of the ascending

  seur, a movable element mounted on the frame or stirrup of the elevator and capable of occupying an active position in which it extends at least partly above said abutment member to come to bear therein for the maintenance of said elevator at said determined level and a retracted position in which it does not meet said abutment member when the elevator is driven by said driving members, and drive means of said movable member for moving

  the latter enters its active position and its retracted position.

  Although it may be completely different, said movable element preferably comprises a substantially horizontal rod

  movable through guide support means attached to said sensing stirrup

  perpendicularly to the movement of said elevator.

  According to the present invention, said rod is, preferably

  rence, at least partly vertically movable in said guide-support means so that when it bears on said abutment member, it acts on a control contact of said driving members if the elevator descends so that these drive members return said elevator to said bearing threshold level. In this manner, said stop member, said rod and said control contact

  advantageously constitute means of isonivelage.

  According to the present invention, said rod and said abutment element may in themselves constitute means for maintaining the level of the elevator. However, in a particularly advantageous variant embodiment, said rod may, as previously, be provided at least partly movably. vertically in said guide-support means so that, when it bears on said abutment element, it acts on the parachute locking element associated with said elevator guide if the latter descends, view of a mechanical blockage of the elevator by said parachute. According to the present invention, the safety device can cause a safety contact on which said rod acts when said parachute is engaged.

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  advantageously be connected in series with the control elements of the

  means of isonivelage Indeed, as soon as the electric current will be re-

  In this case, the drive units will move the elevator up to the landing threshold level. When said parachute locking element is formed by a wedge or roller carried by a lever which is articulated on the caliper of the elevator, it is possible for said rod to extend

  below this lever and can act on it for action-

the parachute.

  The safety device according to the present invention preferably comprises a position detector of said movable element, this position detector not allowing the actuation of said organs.

  only when said movable member is in its retracted position.

  According to the present invention, said drive means i-5 may comprise a biasing means of said movable member which displaces and maintains in its active position this movable member when said drive members are not actuated, this biasing means

  which can advantageously be formed by a spring.

  Said drive means of said movable element may also comprise an electromagnet which moves to and maintains in its retracted position said movable element when

  said motor means are actuated.

  The present invention will be better understood in the study of a particular elevator safety device, described by way of non-limiting example and illustrated by the drawing in which: FIG. 1 shows a front view of an elevator represented partially and equipped with the safety device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 represents a partial side view of the elevator shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c show diagrammatically the operation of the safety device represented in FIGS.

1 and 2.

  The figures show an elevator generally identified by the reference I which has been shown very schematically so as not to overload the drawing and to highlight more clearly

  the safety device generally identified by the reference

  In addition, and for the same purposes, the

  drive units for moving and stopping the lift 1.

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  The elevator 1 comprises a bracket identified by a general reference 3 by the reference 3 which has, according to the custom, sleepers and uprights which form a chassis capable of carrying a cabin 4

  having a receiving floor 5.

  In the usual manner, the stirrup 3 comprises in the example shown, two lateral sections 6 and 7 which are mounted vertically.

  and which have a U-shaped section open in opposite directions.

  These profiles 6 and 7 are intended for mounting guiding slides of the stirrup 3 along vertical guides or rails 8 and 9 which are of opposite T-shaped section and which are generally fixed to the surrounding construction. the elevator shaft, these slides

  not visible in the figures The profiles 6 and 7 serve -

  also to the assembly of parachutes 10 and 11.

  As can be seen in FIG. 2, the parachute 10, in the example shown, comprises a parachute block 12 which is placed astride the section 8 and mounted between the flanges of the section 6 to be fixed to the beam. The parachute block 10 comprises a U-shaped groove 14 which is traversed by the web 8a of the guide 8, this vertical groove 14 having a parallel vertical face 15. and at a distance from one side of the core 8a and a face 16 located on the other side of the core 8a and inclined so that the faces 15 and 16 are cone-shaped open towards

the bottom.

  The parachute 10 also comprises a roller 17 which is disposed between the inclined face 16 and the face of the core 8 of the corresponding guide 8 so as to be able to roll on these faces. The roller 17 is mounted at one of the ends of a horizontal lever 18 which extends substantially perpendicularly to the guide 8 and which passes in front of the wing 6 of the profile 6 located on the same side of the web 8a of the guide 8 as the inclined face 16 of the parachute block 12 L ' other end of the lever 18 is mounted in an articulated manner on an axis 19 carried by

the stirrup 3.

  The parachute It is constructed in the same way as the parachute 10 and comprises a parachute block 20 mounted between the links 7 of the profile 7, a lever 21 and a roller arranged in a groove of the parachutell block, this roller and this groove. not being visible

in the figures.

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  In the example shown, the levers 18 and 21 of the parachutes 10 and 11 are mounted on the same axis 19 so that

that they are integral in rotation.

  The safety device 2 which is associated with the parachutes 10 and 11 will now be described. The safety device 2 comprises a stop element 22 which is constituted by a cleat-which is fixed for example by welding on the back of the guide 8 and which far exceeds the side of the lever 18

  so as to have a substantially horizontal upper face 23.

  We will see later where this stop 22 is located.

  The security device 2 also comprises a

  movable body which is formed by a rod 24.

  The rod 24 b extends substantially horizontally It is therefore substantially perpendicular to the movement of the elevator 1 The rod 24 extends below the lever 18 of the parachute 10 and constitutes a stop downwards for this lever normally avoiding that the roller 17 is in contact with the inclined face 16 of the parachute block and the core 8a of the guide 8 It also extends substantially perpendicular to

  this lever and the abutment member 22.

  The rod 24 is also supported by supports

  guides 25 and 26 which are fixed on the stirrup 3 and which are presented under

  the form of plates substantially perpendicular to the rod 24.

  The guide support 26 which is located on the end 24b side of the rod 24 opposite its end 24a which extends beyond the lever 18 and the side of the abutment 22, has a circular orifice 27 to through which the rod 24 extends, this orifice 27 having a diameter greater than the diameter of the rod 24 The guide support 25 which is between the lever 18 and the support 26 has an orifice 28 through which the rod 24 extends. , this orifice 28 having a vertical oblong shape, the lower part of this orifice 28 being substantially at the same level as

  the lower part of the orifice 27 of the guide support 26

  25 and 26 are intended to carry the rod 24 and guide the latter during its movements substantially perpendicular to the

  elevator movement I as it will appear further.

  The safety device 2 also comprises means for driving the rod 24 which are formed in the example shown by an electromagnet 29 whose movable core is connected to the rod 24 via a rod 30 and a clevis 31,

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  a spring return being provided in the electromagnet 29 Other drive means of the rod 24 may be provided can for example connect the rod 24 to the electromagnet 29 by means of levers gearmotors In in addition, it is also possible to provide means for adjusting the position and the stroke of the rod 24, these

  adjustment means being for example of the screw-nut type.

  With reference to Figures 3a, 3b and 3c, we will now

  describe how the rod 24 moves.

  When the electromagnet 29 is not excited, the return spring that it comprises holds the rod 24 in an active position in which its end 24 extends above the stop 22 so that if the elevator I descends, the end 24a of the rod 24 bears on the upper face 23 of the stop 22 This position

  is shown in Figure 3b.

  When the electromagnet 29 is de-energized, its return spring moves the rod 24 from its retracted position to its

active position.

  With reference to FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c, the operation of the associated security device 2 will be completely described.

parachute 10.

  If it is desired that the elevator 1 reaches a level A,

  a pushbutton is pressed on the motor organs of the elevator.

  However, in this case, the startup of the drive members is not done directly Indeed, the operation of this control button allows the excitation of the electromagnet 29 which, against its spring of reminder, moves the rod 24 from its active position to its retracted position When the rod 24 reaches its retracted position, it acts on a position detector 32 which, in turn, allows the starting of the drive members. safety 2 is then in the position shown in FIG. 3a and the elevator can

to move freely.

  When the floor 5 of the elevator 1 reaches level A, the driving members are stopped and maintained in a manner

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  this elevator in fixed position As soon as the elevator 1 has stopped, the electromagnet 29 is de-energized and its return spring moves the rod 24 from its retracted position to its active position so that its end 24 extends above the abutment 22 which is fixed to the guide 8 so as to be placed just below or at a suitable distance from this end when the rod 24 is in this position.

  security 2 is then in the position shown in Figure 3 b.

  If for any reason, and in particular because of the loading of the elevator 1, the latter comes down, the end 24a of the rod 24 bears on the upper face 23 of the abutment 22 and the rod 24 inclines by pivoting in the orifice 27 of the guide support 26 and by moving upwards in the oblong orifice 28 of the guide support (FIG. 3c) after an upward dephoration made in the orifice 28 of the guide-support 25, the rod 24 encounters a position detector 33 placed between the section 6 and the guide support 25, and which serves as an isonivelage control means and which starts the drive members so that the latter go up the elevator 2 so that its floor 5 returns to level A. If for some reason and especially because of a power failure the elevator goes down, the end 24a of the rod 24 bears on the upper face of the stop 22 and tilts as previously seen When the rod 24 acts on the d position detector 33,

  nothing happens because of the power cut

  continuing its descent, the rod 24 continues to tilt while remaining supported by its end 24a on the stop 22 and drives the lever 18 by pivoting it upwards about its hinge axis 19 After a

  determined race, the roller 17 locks between the face 16 of the block of para-

  falling 12 and the soul 8 of the guide 8 As the levers 18 and 21 are integral,

  parachutes 10 and 11 engage substantially at the same time and the ascending

  seur 1 is then blocked on its guides 8 and 9 and its descent is stopped.

  When the power is restored, a position detector 34, placed between the guide supports 25 and 26, near the guide support 25, contacted with the rod 24 indicates that the parachutes 10 and 11 are in position.

  take and control the actuation of the motor organs that go back up the

  1 to level A and, being done, the rollers, the parachutes 10 and 11 roll and unlock, the rod 24 resuming its initial horizontal position To complete the device, one could provide a spring

  return to the bottom of the rod 24.

  It is obviously preferable that the isonivelage contact 33 starts up the drive members before the parachutes 10 and it come into engagement An adjustment of the -detectors 33 and 3 4 can not be done

  consequently the detectors 32, 33 and 34 are attached to the stirrup 3.

  As previously described, the safety device 2 is such that the lever 18 of the parachute 10 bears against the rod 24. However, it could be provided at a distance to provide a guard increasing the possible vertical movement of the rod. 24 a end of the rod 24 so as to make it easier to adjust

  position detectors 33 and 34.

  In the embodiment of Figure 1, the end 24a of the rod 24 is tapered to be longer in its lower part and the lower part of the abutment 22 also has a bevel substantially parallel to the bevel provided on the 24 a end of the rod 24 so that, if for any reason the drive members are turned on and move up the elevator, without the electromagnet 29 is excited, the rod 24 when it reaches the stop 22, slides on the latter so as to avoid it without deterioration of any parts and the safety device If the drive members are also started and allow the descent of the elevator 1 without the electromagnet 29 is excited so as to cause the removal of the rod 24, this rod 24 when it reaches the stop 22, actuates the parachutes 10 and 11 which block the elevator 1 on the guides 8 and 9, the detector cutting position 34

  then the electric circuit of the motor organs when it snaps.

  It is obvious that if the elevator 1 is provided to move between several levels, it should preferably provide at each level of bearing a stop member corresponding to

the stop 22.

  As just described, the safety device 2 is particularly well suited for elevators or hoists whose drive members are hydraulic type Eti effect, in case of power failure or defection of the system, the Residual leaks in the hydraulic circuits cause a descent of the elevator The safety device 2 makes it possible to stop

  mechanically the descent of this elevator.

  The present invention is not limited to the example described above One can in fact provide a safety device

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  having a different structure, it can be associated with parachutes of a different type and can be used on lifting devices with any motor organs can also be associated with a safety device similar to the second parachute can also be used control the blocking of the parachutes 10 and 11 by means responding to an overspeed of the elevator, the device 2 then being an auxiliary safety device Other variants and combinations are also possible without departing from the scope of the

present invention.

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Claims (7)

  1 Safety device to immobilize to-   at a given level a lifting apparatus such as an elevator or a lift movable substantially vertically along at least one guide by means of driving members which are capable of ensuring the movement and the stopping of the elevator at a level corresponding to a threshold level; said determined level being connected at or below said level corresponding to the bearing threshold, characterized in that it comprises a fixed element (22) forming a vertical stop independent of the elevator (1), a movable element (24) ) mounted on the frame or stirrup (3) of the elevator and capable of occupying an active position in which it is at least partly above the abutment element to come to bear in Due the maintenance of said elevator at said determined level and a retracted position in which it does not meet said abutment member when the elevator is driven by said driving members, and driving means (29) of said movable member (24) for moving the latter between its active position and its withdrawal position.   2 Safety device according to claim 1, characterized in''itit movable element comprises a rod (24) substantially horizontal movable through support means (25, 26) attached to said stirrup substantially perpendicular to the movement of said elevator. 3 Safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that said rod is at least partly movable vertically in said support means so that, when it bears on said abutment element, it acts on a contact controlling (33) said driving members if the elevator descends so that these driving members back said elevator audit pre-selected level.   4 Safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that said rod is at least partly movable vertically in said support means so that, when it bears on said abutment element, it acts on the locking element (17) of a parachute (10) associated with said guide (8) of the elevator if the latter descends, for the purpose of blocking the elevator by said parachute.   11I Safety device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a cntact of security (34)   on which said rod acts when said parachute is engaged.   6 Safety device according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it comprises   a position detector (32) of said movable element, this position detector allowing the actuation of said drive members only   when said movable member is in its retracted position.   7 Safety device according to any one of   1 0 preceding claims, characterized in that said means   driving means comprise a biasing means of said movable member which moves up and maintains at its active position this movable member   when said drive members are not actuated.   Safety device according to claim 7,   characterized in that the biasing means is a spring.   9 Safety device according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that said means   driving said movable member comprises an electromagnet (29) which moves up and maintains at said retracted position said element   mobile when said driving members are actuated.   Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the said rod and / or the said abutment element are bevelled so that, when the lift ascends, the said   rod slides on said stop member to prevent it.