FR2516134A1 - Clip esp. for installing roofing slate - comprises rod carrying returned point and hook at opposite ends - Google Patents
Clip esp. for installing roofing slate - comprises rod carrying returned point and hook at opposite ends Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2516134A1 FR2516134A1 FR8121152A FR8121152A FR2516134A1 FR 2516134 A1 FR2516134 A1 FR 2516134A1 FR 8121152 A FR8121152 A FR 8121152A FR 8121152 A FR8121152 A FR 8121152A FR 2516134 A1 FR2516134 A1 FR 2516134A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- hook
- leg
- point
- fold
- tip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/29—Means for connecting or fastening adjacent roofing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
- E04D2001/3408—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the fastener type or material
- E04D2001/3411—Metal wires or rods
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
- E04D2001/3452—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means
- E04D2001/3458—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the location of the fastening means on the upper or lower transverse edges of the roof covering elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D1/00—Roof covering by making use of tiles, slates, shingles, or other small roofing elements
- E04D1/34—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements
- E04D2001/3488—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened
- E04D2001/3494—Fastenings for attaching roof-covering elements to the supporting elements characterised by the type of roof covering elements being fastened made of rigid material having a flat external surface
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne d'une manière générale les crochets usuellement mis en oeuvre pour la pose d'éléments de couverture, en particulier d'ardoises, lors de la réalisation ou de la réfection d'une quelconque toiture ou d'un quelconque bardage. The present invention relates generally to the hooks usually used for laying roofing elements, in particular slates, during the production or repair of any roof or any cladding.
Elle vise plus particulièrement ceux de ces crochets qui sont à clouer. It relates more particularly to those of these hooks which are to be nailed.
Ainsi qu'on le sait, un tel crochet comporte usuellement, disposées chacune respectivement aux extrémités d'un jambage commun, d'une part une pointe, qui est destinée à permettre de le clouer à une volige ou à un quelconque autre support, et d'autre part une pince, qui est destinée à permettre l'engagement sur un tel crochet d'un élément de couverture à fixer à un tel support, ladite pointe et ladite pince étant situées dans un même plan mais s'étendant en directions opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre. As is known, such a hook usually comprises, each disposed respectively at the ends of a common jamb, on the one hand a point, which is intended to allow it to be nailed to a batten or to any other support, and on the other hand a clamp, which is intended to allow the engagement on such a hook of a cover element to be fixed to such a support, said tip and said clamp being located in the same plane but extending in opposite directions one in relation to the other.
Dans les crochets de ce type connus à ce jour, la pointe est disposée au ras de l'extrémité correspondante du jambage, et résulte d'un simple coude de celui-ci. In hooks of this type known to date, the point is arranged flush with the corresponding end of the leg, and results from a simple bend thereof.
En outre, elle s'étend usuellement en oblique par rapport à ce jambage, en direction de l'extrémité opposée de celui-ci. In addition, it usually extends obliquely relative to this leg, in the direction of the opposite end thereof.
Si une telle disposition a donné et donne encore satisfaction, elle présente cependant des inconvénients. If such an arrangement has given and still gives satisfaction, it nevertheless has drawbacks.
En effet, la frappe à exercer sur le jambage pour l'enfoncement de sa pointe se trouve nécessairement en déport par rapport à celle-ci. Indeed, the strike to be exerted on the jamb for the penetration of its tip is necessarily offset from it.
Si cette frappe est effectuée manuellement, à l'aide d' un marteau, l'inconvénient est mineur, l'opérateur sachant l'orienter convenablement pour en compenser le déport. If this strike is carried out manually, using a hammer, the inconvenience is minor, the operator knowing how to orient it properly to compensate for the offset.
Mais lorsque la frappe est exécutée mécaniquement, à l'aide d'un appareil à clouer, cet inconvénient devient majeur, car il peut conduire à un pliage intempestif de la pointe au cours de son enfoncement, voire même avant celui-ci. But when the strike is carried out mechanically, using a nailing device, this drawback becomes major, since it can lead to untimely folding of the point during its penetration, or even before it.
I1 en est d'autant plus ainsi que, par son obliquité, la pointe est déjà prédisposée à un tel pliage. I1 is all the more so as, by its obliquity, the tip is already predisposed to such folding.
La présente invention a d'une manière générale pour objet une disposition permettant d'éviter cet inconvénient, et conduisant à d'autres avantages. The present invention generally relates to a provision making it possible to avoid this drawback, and leading to other advantages.
De manière plus précise, elle a pour objet un crochet pour élément de couverture, en particulier ardoise, du genre comportant, disposées chacune respectivement aux extrémités d'un jambage commun, d'une part une pointe, qui est destinée à permettre de le clouer à une volige ou à un quelconque autre support, et d'autre part une pince, qui est destinée à permettre l'engagement sur un tel crochet d'un élément de couverture à fixer à un tel support, ladite pointe et ladite pince étant situées dans un même plan mais s'étendant en directions opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre, ce crochet étant caractérisé en ce que la pointe est établie en retrait par rapport à l'extrémité correspondante du jambage, en bout d'un repli parallèlement à lui-même de celui-ci. More specifically, it relates to a hook for covering element, in particular slate, of the kind comprising, each disposed respectively at the ends of a common jamb, on the one hand a point, which is intended to allow the nailing to a battens or any other support, and on the other hand a clamp, which is intended to allow the engagement on such a hook of a cover element to be fixed to such a support, said point and said clamp being located in the same plane but extending in opposite directions with respect to each other, this hook being characterized in that the point is set back relative to the corresponding end of the leg, at the end of a fold parallel to itself of it.
En outre, cette pointe s'étend de préférence sensiblement perpendiculairement au repli du jambage en bout duquel elle est implantée, et donc sensiblement perpendiculairement audit jambage. In addition, this point preferably extends substantially perpendicular to the fold of the jamb at the end of which it is implanted, and therefore substantially perpendicular to said jamb.
Grace à la disposition suivant l'invention, la frappe appliquée au jambage pour l'enfoncement de la pointe s'exerce avantageusement dans l'axe même de celle-ci, sans risque de pliage intempestif de cette pointe. Thanks to the arrangement according to the invention, the striking applied to the jamb for the penetration of the point is advantageously exerted in the same axis thereof, without risk of inadvertent folding of this point.
En outre, par le profil particulier de son extrémité résultant de son repli sur lui-même et de sa pointe, le crochet suivant l'invention se prête avantageusement à une mise en oeuvre dans un appareil à clouer, ses conditions de guidage dans celui-ci se trouvant bien assurées par un tel profil, sans risque de mise en travers ou de coincement intempestif. In addition, by the particular profile of its end resulting from its folding back on itself and its tip, the hook according to the invention advantageously lends itself to being used in a nailing apparatus, its guiding conditions therein. these are well secured by such a profile, without risk of crossing or untimely jamming.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés sur lesquels
la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un crochet suivant l'invention
la figure 2 est une vue partielle en plan d'une couverture effectuée à l'aide de crochets suivant l'invention
la figure 3 est, à échelle supérieure, une vue en coupe transversalede cette couverture, suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2 ;
la figure 4 reprend, à échelle encore supérieure, le détail de la figure 3 repéré par un encart IV sur celle-ci
la figure 5 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1 et concerne une variante de réalisation.The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of example, with reference to the appended schematic drawings in which
Figure 1 is an elevational view of a hook according to the invention
Figure 2 is a partial plan view of a cover made using hooks according to the invention
Figure 3 is, on a larger scale, a cross-sectional view of this cover, along line III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows, on a still larger scale, the detail of Figure 3 identified by an insert IV thereon
Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 and relates to an alternative embodiment.
Tel qu'illustré à la figure 1, le crochet pour élément de couverture 10 suivant l'invention comporte, globalement, de manière connue en soi, disposées chacune respectivement aux extrémités d'un jambage commun 11, d'une part une pointe 12, qui est destinée à permettre de le clouer à une volige 13 ou à un quelconque autre support, et d'autre part une pince 14, qui est destinée à permettre l'engagement sur un tel crochet 10 d'un quelconque élément de couverture 15 à fixer à un tel support, ladite pointe 12 et ladite pince 14 étant situées dans un même plan, qui est celui de la figure 1, mais s'étend dant en directions opposées l'une par rapport à l'autre vis-àvis du jambage 11. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the hook for covering element 10 according to the invention comprises, overall, in a manner known per se, each disposed respectively at the ends of a common leg 11, on the one hand a point 12, which is intended to allow it to be nailed to a battens 13 or to any other support, and on the other hand a clamp 14, which is intended to allow the engagement on such a hook 10 of any covering element 15 to attach to such a support, said tip 12 and said clamp 14 being located in the same plane, which is that of FIG. 1, but extends in opposite directions relative to each other opposite the jamb 11.
De manière connue en soi, la pince 14 est formée par un repli en U du jambage 11 parallèlement à lui-même. In a manner known per se, the clamp 14 is formed by a U-shaped fold of the leg 11 parallel to itself.
Suivant l'invention, la pointe 12, au lieu d'être établie au ras de l'extrémité correspondante du jambage 11, est établie en retrait par rapport à cette extrémité, en bout d'un repli parallèlement à lui-même 16 dudit jambage 11. According to the invention, the point 12, instead of being established flush with the corresponding end of the jamb 11, is set back with respect to this end, at the end of a fold parallel to itself 16 of said jamb 11.
De préférence, et tel que représenté, la pointe 12 s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement au repli 16 du jambage 11, et donc sensiblement perpendiculairement audit jambage 11. Preferably, and as shown, the tip 12 extends substantially perpendicular to the fold 16 of the leg 11, and therefore substantially perpendicular to said leg 11.
Autrement dit, elle fait avec celui-ci un angle sensiblement égal à 900. In other words, it makes an angle with it substantially equal to 900.
Dans la forme de réalisation représentée à la figure 1, le repli 16 du jambage 11 est jointif ou quasi jointif vis à vis de celui-ci. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the fold 16 of the leg 11 is contiguous or almost contiguous with respect thereto.
Seul subsiste, éventuellement, tel que représenté, un jour dû aux nécessités pratiques de réalisation du repli 16. The only thing that remains, possibly, as shown, is a day due to the practical necessities of achieving withdrawal 16.
De préférence également, mais non obligatoirement, le jambage 11 n'est pas totalement rectiligne, mais présente, à distance de la pointe 12, un léger -coude 17. Preferably also, but not necessarily, the jamb 11 is not completely straight, but has, at a distance from the tip 12, a slight bend 17.
Dans ce cas, il présente deux tronçons rectilignes successifs 18, 19, le premier du côté de la pointe 12, le second du côté de la pince 14. In this case, it has two successive rectilinear sections 18, 19, the first on the side of the tip 12, the second on the side of the clamp 14.
Dans un tel cas, la pointe 12 n'est perpendiculaire qu'à l'égard du premier tronçon 18, dont l'extrémité forme, avec le repli 16, la tête de frappe correspondante. In such a case, the point 12 is perpendicular only with respect to the first section 18, the end of which forms, with the fold 16, the corresponding striking head.
Mais, comme il est usuel, elle est oblique par rapport au deuxième tronçon 19 du jambage 11, qui est celui portant la pince 14, pour une bonne application les uns sur les autres des éléments de couverture 15 concernés. But, as is usual, it is oblique with respect to the second section 19 of the jamb 11, which is the one carrying the clamp 14, for proper application to one another of the covering elements 15 concerned.
En pratique, l'angle que font entre eux les deux tron çons 18, 19 du jambage 11 est très ouvert. In practice, the angle between the two sections 18, 19 of the leg 11 is very open.
I1 peut par exemple être de l'ordre de 1700. I1 can for example be of the order of 1700.
De manière usuelle, le crochet 10 suivant 1 invention peut être réalisé à l'aide d'un fil rond convenablement conformé ; il est en pratique en métal. Usually, the hook 10 according to the invention can be produced using a suitably shaped round wire; it is in practice made of metal.
Sur les figures 2 à 4, les éléments de couverture 15 à fixer ont supposé être des ardoises, et celles-ci sont disposées en lits successifs en se recouvrant partiellement deux à deux, au tiers en ce qui concerne leur hauteur et à la moitié en ce qui concerne leur largeur. In FIGS. 2 to 4, the covering elements 15 to be fixed have been assumed to be slates, and these are arranged in successive beds, partially overlapping two by two, a third in terms of their height and half in regarding their width.
Mais des dispositions différentes peuvent être adoptées. However, different provisions can be adopted.
Qui qu'il en soit, une ardoise 15 se trouvant déjà posée, un crochet 10 suivant l'invention est, de manière usuelle, pour la mise en place d'une nouvelle ardoise 15, superposé à la précédente, en tête de celle-ci, sa pointe 12 portant, à distance de cette ardoise 15, sur la volige 13 sousjacente. Whoever it is, a slate 15 being already laid, a hook 10 according to the invention is, in the usual way, for the establishment of a new slate 15, superimposed on the previous one, at the head of it- Ci, its point 12 bearing, at a distance from this slate 15, on the underlying battens 13.
A l'aide d'une quelconque tête de frappe 20, marteau ou tête de frappe d'appareil à clouer par exemple, il est procédé à l'enfoncement de la pointe 12 de ce crochet 10, tel que schématisé en traits interrompus à la figure 4. Using any striking head 20, hammer or striking head of a nailing device for example, the tip 12 of this hook 10 is pressed in, as shown diagrammatically in broken lines on the figure 4.
Ainsi qu'on le notera sur cette figure 4, la force de frappe développée par la tête de frappe 10 s' exerce avantageusement, suivant l'invention, dans l'axe de la pointe 12. As will be noted in this FIG. 4, the striking force developed by the striking head 10 is advantageously exerted, according to the invention, in the axis of the tip 12.
L'enfoncement de celle-ci est de ce fait avantageusement sûr et régulier. The depression of the latter is therefore advantageously safe and regular.
Le repli 16 suivant l'invention joue ainsi avantageusement à cet égard le rôle d'une tête de clou. The fold 16 according to the invention thus advantageously plays in this respect the role of a nail head.
En outre, du fait de ce repli 16, le jambage 11 s'étend avantageusement à une distance suffisante de la volige 13 pour ne pas porter, autrement que par l'extrémité de sa pince 14, sur l'ardoise 15 sous-jacente, ce qui minimise avantageusement les risques de remontée d'eau dus au phénomène bien connu de siphonnage par capillarité. In addition, due to this fold 16, the jamb 11 advantageously extends a sufficient distance from the battens 13 so as not to bear, other than by the end of its clamp 14, on the underlying slate 15, which advantageously minimizes the risks of rising water due to the well-known phenomenon of capillary siphoning.
Cependant, grâce à son coude 17, il porte effectivement par l'extrémité de sa pince 14 sur l'ardoise 15 sous-jacente, ce qui assure avantageusement toute la régularité souhaitée pour la couverture concernée. However, thanks to its elbow 17, it effectively carries by the end of its clamp 14 on the underlying slate 15, which advantageously ensures all the regularity desired for the cover concerned.
Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée par la figure 5, le repli 16 du jambage 11 s'étend légèrement à distance de celui-ci, et, pour contact avec ce repli 16, le jambage 11 forme localement au moins un talon d'appui 22. In the variant embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the fold 16 of the leg 11 extends slightly away from the latter, and, for contact with this fold 16, the leg 11 locally forms at least one bearing heel 22 .
En pratique, et tel que représenté, ce talon d'appui 22 résulte d'une simple déformation locale, en U par exemple, du jambage 11. In practice, and as shown, this bearing heel 22 results from a simple local deformation, in a U for example, of the jamb 11.
Quoi qu'il en soit, il est de préférence établi sensiblement au droit de la pointe 12, tel que représenté,
Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas aux formes de réalisation décrites et représentées, mais englobe toute variante d'exécution. Anyway, it is preferably established substantially at the point 12, as shown,
Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, but encompasses any variant.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8121152A FR2516134A1 (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Clip esp. for installing roofing slate - comprises rod carrying returned point and hook at opposite ends |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8121152A FR2516134A1 (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Clip esp. for installing roofing slate - comprises rod carrying returned point and hook at opposite ends |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2516134A1 true FR2516134A1 (en) | 1983-05-13 |
FR2516134B1 FR2516134B1 (en) | 1984-06-29 |
Family
ID=9263924
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8121152A Granted FR2516134A1 (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1981-11-12 | Clip esp. for installing roofing slate - comprises rod carrying returned point and hook at opposite ends |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2516134A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2654136A2 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1991-05-10 | Hoffmann Hubert | Device for supporting tiles or the like |
US5577360A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1996-11-26 | Gibbs; Alden T. | Slate mounting system |
EP1688556A1 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
EP1688554A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
EP1688555A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
FR2881772A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Participations Sa G | Covering unit e.g. superjacent slate, fixing device for e.g. batten, has end terminated by fixation hook permitting fixation on support and comprising branch which is spiral shaped and supported on bottom side of support |
FR2913442A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-12 | Frenehard Et Michaux Sa Ets | Hook for fixing e.g. slate, has end of leg comprising retaining clip for retaining lower edge of covering element, and fixation unit e.g. tip, comprising external notches to rigidly fix hook to support |
GB2473637A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-23 | Hall Clip Ltd | Slate Retainer and Method of Replacing Broken Slates |
CN103541517A (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2014-01-29 | 建筑材料投资公司 | Roofing system and method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE15546C (en) * | J. J. B. CELIER in Nevers (Frankreich) | Hooks for fastening the slate sheets for roofing | ||
US1978190A (en) * | 1931-06-15 | 1934-10-23 | Carroll C Figge | Shingle nail lock |
US2057003A (en) * | 1934-10-17 | 1936-10-13 | Bugher Clarence | Concealed roofing nail |
AU495578B2 (en) * | 1973-05-31 | 1975-12-04 | Vincent Higgins John | Tile holding device |
-
1981
- 1981-11-12 FR FR8121152A patent/FR2516134A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE15546C (en) * | J. J. B. CELIER in Nevers (Frankreich) | Hooks for fastening the slate sheets for roofing | ||
US1978190A (en) * | 1931-06-15 | 1934-10-23 | Carroll C Figge | Shingle nail lock |
US2057003A (en) * | 1934-10-17 | 1936-10-13 | Bugher Clarence | Concealed roofing nail |
AU495578B2 (en) * | 1973-05-31 | 1975-12-04 | Vincent Higgins John | Tile holding device |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2654136A2 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1991-05-10 | Hoffmann Hubert | Device for supporting tiles or the like |
US5577360A (en) * | 1993-01-15 | 1996-11-26 | Gibbs; Alden T. | Slate mounting system |
FR2881770A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Participations Sa G | DEVICE FOR FIXING A COVERING ELEMENT ON A SUPPORT |
EP1688554A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
EP1688555A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
FR2881772A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Participations Sa G | Covering unit e.g. superjacent slate, fixing device for e.g. batten, has end terminated by fixation hook permitting fixation on support and comprising branch which is spiral shaped and supported on bottom side of support |
EP1688556A1 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-09 | G. Participations | Device for fixing a roof covering element to a support |
FR2881771A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Participations Sa G | DEVICE FOR FIXING A COVERING ELEMENT ON A SUPPORT |
FR2881769A1 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2006-08-11 | Participations Sa G | DEVICE FOR FIXING A COVERING ELEMENT ON A SUPPORT |
FR2913442A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-12 | Frenehard Et Michaux Sa Ets | Hook for fixing e.g. slate, has end of leg comprising retaining clip for retaining lower edge of covering element, and fixation unit e.g. tip, comprising external notches to rigidly fix hook to support |
CN103541517A (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2014-01-29 | 建筑材料投资公司 | Roofing system and method |
CN103541517B (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2016-08-24 | 建筑材料投资公司 | Roof system and method |
GB2473637A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-23 | Hall Clip Ltd | Slate Retainer and Method of Replacing Broken Slates |
GB2473637B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2015-10-28 | Hall Clip Ltd | Slate retainer and method of replacing broken slates |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2516134B1 (en) | 1984-06-29 |
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