FR2508567A1 - HYDROPNEUMATIC CYLINDER - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO A HYDROPNEUMATIC CYLINDER. THIS CYLINDER IS OF THE TYPE INCLUDING A LOW PRESSURE PISTON 3 AND A HIGH PRESSURE PISTON 4 HOUSES IN A CYLINDER 17 WITH A MOBILE SEPARATION WALL 5 AND A SEPARATION WALL 30 THROUGH PISTON 3 ENTERING A DIVING CAVITY HOUSED IN PISTON 4. ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION, THIS DIVING CELLAR IS SUBDIVIDED INTO TWO CHAMBERS 1, 1 AND A BALANCING CHAMBER 6 IS CONNECTED BY PART OF CHAMBER 1 TO A CONTROL SURFACE 7 OF PISTON 4, A VALVE 9 IS PROVIDED BETWEEN CHAMBER 1 AND CHAMBER 6 AND AN OIL BALANCING CHANNEL 11 IS PROVIDED BETWEEN CHAMBER 1 AND CONTROL CHAMBER 10 LOCATED ABOVE PISTON 4. APPLICATION ESPECIALLY TO CONTROL SYSTEMS WELDING ELECTRODES.

Description

"Hydropneumatic cylinder?" The invention relates to a hydropneumatic jack,

  intended in particular to ensure the adjustment displacement of electric welding electrodes, consisting of a piston

  at low pressure and by a high-pressure piston,

  one after the other in the axial direction, and in which a fixed partition wall and a movable partition wall, limiting the volume of oil, are arranged in the cylinder of the cylinder equipped with connections for the service fluid , while the piston at low

  pressure passing through the separating wall

  tion, is realized in the form of a plunger

  in a high pressure piston diving cavity

  if we. Cylinders of the type indicated according to

German Patent No. 1,297,478.

  This jack already known requires, with a corresponding complexity of construction, the presence of

  three surfaces pressurized with air co Epr Tea, and a system

  peripheral supply is necessary to ensure the

  compressed air, because of the constitution of

  Moreover, there is no clear separation between

  the service or working fluids (compressed air / oil

  le), that is to say that there is inevitably the risk

  that air can penetrate the oil, with the conse-

  In addition, it is not possible what is important in the case

  of use to achieve a sudden release of electricity.

  welding trode after the welding operation.

  Regardless of the fact that it is necessary to make coeandes: separated for the fast-moving race and for the working run (approach points to

  welding and application under pressure), this actuator known

  later has a constitution with dimensions

  relatively large external areas, what is the

  you still have the peripheral system of pipes.

  These are practically the same disadvantages as a cylinder known from the German patent N O

28 18 3?

  Starting from the cylinder of the type indicated above,

  the object of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks

  nients, that is to say to create a jack, in which the movements on complete races can be carried out only by the low-pressure piston that can be actuated on both sides, taking into account the fixed condition involving the use of a number as small as

  possible components, for external dimensions.

  reduced, and consequent guidance of the service fluid

  vice, regardless of the fluid supply required

  service from the outside, inside the

  seems of the system, in which however, the components

  conveying the service fluid must be kept sepa-

  res of each other so that penetration of compressed air into the oil is avoided in a sare manner, and in which finally a sharp spacing of the tool of

  welding must be guaranteed after completion of the

  tough. This complex problem, whose solution

  takes into account all the necessities of the func-

  in the context of a simple construction

  relatively small dirensions, is solved cor-

  in accordance with the invention because the cavity of

  diving reeded in the high-pressure piston, for the ex-

  lower end, made in the form of a low-pressure pistol dispensing drawer is subdivided into two sealed chambers during the fast-moving stroke and connected together during the working stroke, that the chamber of counterbalance, which is filled with oil and which is held under pressure by means of a clamping member disposed on the side of the high pressure piston rod, is connected by the upper part, lockable by the low pressure piston, of the one of the chambers, at the control surface of the high-pressure piston, that two return stroke stops which can be brought into active connection are arranged between the high-pressure piston and the low-pressure piston, that a valve opening in the direction of the return stroke is disposed between the lower chamber and the balancing chamber and that, furthermore, a throttled channel for balancing oil is arranged between the lower chamber re and the control room located on the side of

the upper face of the piston.

  Thanks to the solution according to the invention, since all the necessary channels of flow are

  placed in the piston at high pressure, it is possible

  to use all the peripheral pipelines, and all displacements are made only by operating the piston at low pressure by compressed air, without

  necessary for this purpose to use external valves

  In spite of the fact that the simple and clearly structured constitution allows simple mounting, this system also contributes in a simple way that air penetration can not occur in

  the oil and the clearance of the welding tool

  firmly bonded to the point to be welded,

abrupt way.

  The problem posed can also be solved, independently of the above-mentioned solution, in another way which is simply simpler from the point of view of construction by means of a hydropneumatic jack, intended in particular to ensure the displacement of electrode adjustment.

  electric welding, consisting of a low-pressure piston

  and a high-pressure piston, arranged one behind the

  the other in the axial direction, and in which a fixed partition wall and a movable partition wall, limiting the volume of oil, are arranged in the cylinder

  of the cylinder equipped with connections for the service fluid, tan-

  say that the low pressure piston passing through

  the partition wall, is made in the form of a

  plunger penetrating into a diving cavity of the piston

  at high pressure, characterized in that the cavity of

  made in the high-pressure piston is made to be sealingly closed by the lower end of the low-pressure piston during the rapid displacement stroke, and

  so as to be open towards the control chamber

  from the work run, that the balancing chamber

  The oil-lubricated oil which is held under pressure by means of a clamping member arranged on the piston rod side at high pressure is connected to the oil chamber by means of overflow channels which can be closed. in the manner of valves, that two return stroke stops which can be brought into active connection are arranged between the high pressure piston and the piston

  low pressure, that a valve opening

  of the return stroke is arranged between the plona cavity and the balancing chamber and that in addition a throttled channel for oil balancing is

  diving cavity and the control chamber located on the

this upper piston.

  According to an alternative embodiment, the end of the low-pressure piston or the wall of the diving cavity comprises a convergent conical staggered portion

  upwards and a gasket is available

  on the adjustment path of said end of the piston.

  tone at low pressure, in the wall of Ad cavity plon-

  or in the end, made in the form of pistons

tone, low pressure piston.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the valve-shaped closure system of the

  overflow in the control chamber is achieved under the

  me of a spring-loaded valve plate in the

  sense of closure and which is arranged between the two

tees of the return race.

  Other features and benefits of the

  present invention will emerge from the description which will

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of the entire cylinder;

  Figure 2 is a sectional view of another -

  embodiment of the lower end, located on the working side, of the jack; Figure 3 is a sectional view of a particularly simple and preferred embodiment of the two pistons; Figure 4 shows a section taken along the line IV-IV of Figure 1; and FIG. 5 is a section of another form of

  preferred embodiment of the invention.

  As can be seen in particular in the figure

  1, almost all essential parts for the function-

  of the cylinder are located in the high-pressure piston

  4, the piston rod 4 'sealingly out of the cylinder 17, at the bottom of the latter,

  so that in this place it is possible to arrange

  a welding electrode (not shown) like this.

  is visible, the necessary partition wall 30 is

  arranged and fixed between the two parts 28, 29 by a

  located in the cylinder 17, which provides conditions

  simple assembly and disassembly.

  Naturally, in practice, the rod of pistons

  your 4 'does not form with the piston 4 a piece of one piece, as shown, but is connected by flanges, from below, in the form of a separate piece,

  and this simply already so as to be able to mount the

  ball pe 9 and the annular collar of the abutment 8 of the return stroke at the end of the piston at low pressure 3. The important thing is that the dive cavity

  in the high pressure piston 4, for the end

  2, made in the form of a piston distribution spool

  low pressure is subdivided into two chambers 1, 1 'fer-

  waterproof when traveling fast and connected

  between them during the work shift.

  The balancing chamber 6, which is filled with oil,

  and which is maintained under pressure by means of an organ

250856?

  clamping 5, which can be made in different ways

  (Figures 1 and 2), is connected via the chamber

  1 and overflow channels 15, 15 'to the surfac-

  control face 7 of the high-pressure piston 4 or the control chamber 10.

  The cylinder 17 is closed upwards, like this

  the usual one, by a head 31 and downwards by a bottom plate 33, by means of which however the chamber located below the clamping member 5 is not closed in a sealed manner with respect to the atmosphere, that is to say that the plate 33 only plays a r 1 ôè of support or maintenance for the sleeve member 29 and, in the case of this example

  embodiment, for a pressure spring 16, which

  pressurize the entire volume of oil (in the chambers 6, 10 and all the cavities of the piston 43 by means of

  the clamping member 5 in the form of a piston

your ring finger 18.

  The rapid movement and displacement of

  are caused exclusively by the application of compressed air via the compressed air connection 32 and the piston-shaped disc 3 'of the piston at low

  pressure 3, and the return stroke is performed by the in-

  the compressed air connection 34

  your exteriors are not necessary.

  If the disk-shaped piston 3 'is under pres-

  it moves at the same time as the piston 3 towards the

  low, but the high pressure piston 4 is driven if-

  completely at the same time on the basis of the following assumptions:

  The oil may overflow the balance chamber

  brage 6 through the overflow channel 15 (can provide multiple channels), the upper chamber 1

  and by the overflow channel 15 'to end up in the chamber.

  charging charge 10; the chamber 1 is closed sealingly with respect to the chamber 1 'of the diving cavity by means of a seal 13;

  the valve 9 (ball valve)

holds the chamber 1 'closed.

  As soon as the welding electrode is affixed to the weld point of the workpiece, the piston 4 or its piston rod 4 'can no longer continue to be driven, although the piston 3 continues to be, that is, the increasing pressure in the lower chamber 1 'can slowly relax through the channel

  throttled oil balancing 11 in the upper chamber

  re 1, that is to say that the oil flows in being foreign

  The oil balancing channel 11 is indicated only schematically in the form of formed lines.

  It could also be just as well

  placed in the piston 4 and it could be a pipe

  strangled or equipped with a throttling valve.

  But the oil strangely leaving the chamber 1 'can then axially move the end 2 of the piston rod 3, made in the form of a dispensing spool

  relative to the high-pressure piston 4, the conical staging

  than 12 then exceeding the seal 13 and the

  two rooms 1, 1 'being connected completely But simul-

  momentarily the piston rod 3 protrudes by its end 3 "

  the annular chamber 1 ", in which is located I embrace

  14 of the overflow channel 15, and closes this door

  As a result, the pressure exerted on the piston 3 can, according to the existing ratios of the surfaces to the

  to the surfaoe decontrol 7, to be modified in the

  and be transmitted to the welding tool.

  return stroke, sending compressed air from the outside

  is reversed in a known manner and is applied at 34.

  As can be seen, the stops 8,8 'of the race of re-

  turn in the form of annular flanges then act,

  the stop 8 located at the end 2 of the piston rod ve-

  contact the stop 8 'located in the piston 3 and take

  simply brusque this piston, which has for

  advantage that the welding electrode is detached abruptly

  the small amount of oil l

  Mpléisen for the 1 I 1 penetrates by 1 1 utemme

  of the valve 9, at the same time as SJIM

  No security against overcharging.

  As can be seen in FIG. 3, the úF Qxtctionnexnent described at alaa Ld can also be realized.

  another, much simpler, realization of the

  high pressure 4 and practiced this process of realization IIMïviduelle also comnpte here, the capacity of insert 1 cndes piécs indíviduelles

  When lowering the piston to -bass pres-

  3, the high-pressure piston 4 moves -if it is

  because the overflow channels 265, of which one is represented, open and 142 null e

  can travel in a simple way from the bottom

  boe 6 upwards to abouatirl la singbxn 1 e iprês aeipa> sition of, the tool on the point to be welded, l 4 extrenité 2 in drawer form of the head of: istton 3 can, thanks to the presence of the channel létranlgé tropplein 11, daddy

  slightly in the room, 1 ', until the sepa-

  In this case, the portion removed 1212 reaches the zme at the seal 13 because of the fact that

  seat 27 for diqo 25 is also located at, xn

  calf sufficiency low, this disc can get the challenge andhu-

  They are designed to be watertight, overflow channels 2 under the action of the press, spring 35 made for example in the form of a spring.

  Belleville, so that the pressure exerted by the

  3 on the surface of the piston 4 can be modified tom-

  denies this is visible, the constitution of these pistons 3, 4

  is simpler than the pistons of the

  1, and this for operation in principle idtemt-that. For the return stroke, the seat 27 asms in conjunction with the disc 25, the function of the goal "8

with respect to the stop 8 '1.

  FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the lower closure of the cylinder 17, in which the clamping element is in the form of an annular piston 18 'sealingly surrounding the piston rod

  4 'of the high-pressure piston and which is guided in the cy-

  17 in a sleeve 20 sealingly closed and limiting with the annular piston 18 'a chamber 19 can

to be put under pressure.

  Between the pressurized oil surface and the compressed air pressure surface of the annular piston 18 ', it is

  two gaskets 21, and the intermediate space

  22 between the Seals is connected to the atmosphere by means of a channel 36.

  compressed air is produced by means of the connection 37.

  As in both cases, the clamping member

  5 or the annular pistons 18, 18 'are located in the

  lower end of the cylinder 17, it is possible to

  see indicators 24 of the filling level, which however is not absolutely necessary in the case of

  the variant of Figure 2 since here the final

  Bottom of the annular piston 18 'is anyway visible. To achieve the precise orientation of the tool, but also considering the alignment of the valve 9 with the release pin 23, the high-pressure piston 4 is provided with anti-rotation security, which does not

  is not represented, but can be done very simply

  by placing on the partition wall 30 a

  protruding appendix which, in all positions of the pistol

  your 4, engages in a corresponding piercing.

  It should also be mentioned that likewise the

  The piston 3 is passed through the separating wall 30 to the atmosphere, that is to say a slight oil leak can be allowed from all the chambers 6, 10 filled with oil but that, and this is essential, air can not in any way get into

  oil, which would affect the ability to function perfectly.

actuator.

  The overload safety system,

  previously mentioned (valve 9 in connection with the

  23), ensures that the piston 4 can not come into contact with the lower components, in the case of a complete traverse of the piston, and can not possibly

  damage or destroy the cylinder.

  The embodiment of Figure 5 corresponds to

  essentially to that of Figure 3 and is used

  appropriately the corresponding reference numerals

  At the same time, in the case of this form of reali-

  the clamping member 5 is shown in the form of an elastic bellows 5 'permanently pressurized and can be used in this configuration and

  also in the case of other forms of

  written in place of the clamping members 5 arranged in

this place.

  In the case of this embodiment, the plunger chamber 1 '' is fed into the piston at a high temperature.

  pressure 4 is sealingly closed by the end

  2 of the low-pressure piston 3, during the

  it is fast moving, and is open towards the control chamber io, during the work displacement stroke, and the balancing chamber 6, which is filled with

  oil and which is kept under pressure by means of

  5 is located on the side of the piston rod.

  at high pressure, is connected to the control chamber 10 via overflow channels 26 which can be closed in the manner of a valve, while the two stops 8, 8 'of the return path can The valve 9 opening in the direction of the return stroke is arranged between the plunger chamber 1 "'and the plunger chamber. balancing 6 and further the channel

  throttled oil balancer 11 is disposed between the

  1 "and the control chamber 10 located on

the upper face of the piston.

  In this case, in addition, the wall of the dive cavity 1 "has a conically-shaped, conical-shaped step 12 ', and the seal 13 is arranged in the end 2, in the form of The closure system of the overflow channels 26, of the valve type and constructed as a valve plate 25 loaded by a spring in the closing direction, is available in the housing. command space 10 between the two stops

the 8, 8 'of the return race.

  In the case of this exemplary embodiment, the overload safety device is connected directly to the valve 9 arranged in a centered position and the release pin 23 bears on a rod.

transverse 23 '.

  In the return race, the disc in

  plate 25 contacts the abutment 8 'and releases the overflow channels 26 so that the oil can flow back out of the control unit 10 to pass in the chamber 6, which is also valid for the form of realization of the

figure 3.

12 -

Claims (10)

RESUME ICAT IONS   1 hydropneumatic jack, used in particular for the adjustment displacement of electric welding electrodes, consisting of a low pressure piston (3) and a high-pressure piston (4) arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, and wherein a fixed partition wall (30) and a movable volume limiting partition wall (5) are disposed in the cylinder (17) of the cylinder, provided with service fluid connections (32,34) , while the low pressure piston (3) sealingly traversing the partition wall (30) is constructed as a plunger penetrating a diving cavity of the high-pressure piston (4), characterized in that the dive cavity in the high-pressure piston (4) for the lower end (2) in the form of a low-pressure piston distributor spool (3) is subdivided into two chambers   (1,1 ') tightly closed during the moving stroke.   the balancing chamber (6), which is filled with oil and is kept under pressure by means of a clamping member (5) arranged on the side of the drum. piston rod at high pressure, is connected by the upper part which can be locked by the low-pressure piston (3), the chamber (1) to the control surface (7) of the high-pressure piston (4), that two stops (8,8 ') of return stroke which can be brought into active connection are arranged between the high-pressure piston (4) and the low-pressure piston (3) that a valve (9) opening according to the direction of the return stroke is arranged between the lower chamber (1 ') and the   balancing chamber (6) and that, in addition, a balancing channel   oil jet (11) is arranged between the lower chamber (1 ') and the control chamber (10) located on the face upper piston.   2 cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end (2), produced under   the shape of a spool, the low-pressure piston (3) com-   carries a tapered stepped portion (12), converging upward, and a seal (13) is disposed in the adjustment path of the stepped portion (12) in the high pressure piston (4).   3 Jack according to any one of the claims   1 and 2, characterized in that the stops (8,8 ') are   made in the form of annular flanges.   4 Cylinder according to any one of the   1 to 3, characterized in that the mouth (14) of the overflow channel (15) from the equilibration chamber (6) is   placed directly in the upper part of the upper chamber   (1) and that the discharge opening (14 ')   the control chamber (10) is arranged directly   in the lower part of the upper chamber (1).   Jack according to any one of claims   cations 1 to 4, characterized in that the locking member   ge (5) is formed as an annular piston (18) sealingly surrounding the piston rod (4 ')   at high pressure (4) and loaded by a pressure spring   sion (16) resting on the cylinder (17), this piston being   connected to the atmosphere, on the side of the spring.   6 Cylinder A according to any one of the   1 to 4, characterized in that the control organ   rage (5) is in the form of an annular piston.   re (18 ') sealingly surrounding the piston rod at high pressure, that annular piston is guided in the cylinder (17) in a sleeve (20) tightly closed and limiting, with the annular piston (18') , a chamber (19) that can be pressurized and   in addition, two seals (21) are provided   between the surface and the pressure of the oil   Compressed air pressure side, annular piston   (18 ') and that the intermediate space (22) between   sealing is put to the atmosphere.   Jack according to any one of the   cations 5 and 6, characterized in that a   trigger rod (23) disposed on the side of the piston   ring (18 ') in contact with the oil, being   with the valve (9) mounted in the high-pressure piston sion (4).   Jack according to claim 5, characterized   in that the annular piston (18) is equipped with an indi-   oil level indicator (24) making   connected downwards out of the cylinder (17) 9 Hydropneumatic cylinder, serving in particular   to the adjustment displacement of electrical welding electrodes   a low pressure piston (3) and a high pressure piston S (4) arranged one behind one   another in the axial direction, and in which a   fixed separation king (30) and a movable partition wall (5), limiting the volume of oil, are arranged in the cylinder (17) of the cylinder, provided with connections (32,34)   of service fluid, while the low-pressure piston   (3) sealingly passing through the separating wall   (30) is embodied as a plunger penetrating into a plunger cavity of the high-pressure piston (4), characterized in that the plunging cavity (1 "') in the high-pressure piston ( 4) is made sealingly closed to the lower extrudate (2) of the low-pressure piston (3) during the fast-moving stroke and in such a manner as to be open towards the control chamber ( 10) during the working stroke, that the balancing chamber (6) which is filled with oil and which is held under pressure by means of a clamping member (5) arranged on the side of the piston rod at high pressure, is connected to the control chamber (10) by overflow channels (26) closable in the manner of a valve, that two stops (8,8 ') of return stroke can be brought into position. active link are arranged between the high-pressure piston (4) and the low-pressure piston pressure (3), that a valve (9) opening in the direction of the return stroke is disposed between the diving cavity (1 "') and the balancing chamber (6) and that furthermore a throttled channel of oil balance (11) is arranged between the   diving cavity (1 "') and the control chamber (10)   killed on the upper face of the piston.   Jack according to claim 9, characterized   in that the end (2) of the low-pressure piston (3) or the wall of the diving cavity (1 "') is equipped with a conical stepped portion (12') converging upwards, and a seal (13) is arranged in the adjustment path of the end (2) in the wall of   the diving cavity (1 "'), or this seal of water   the cheetah (13) is arranged in the end (2), shaped   piston, low pressure piston (3).   11 Cylinder according to any one of the   9 and 10, characterized in that in the chamber of   cammande (10), the closure system in the form of   Overflow channels (26) are produced under the   a valve plate (25) loaded with a spring in the closing direction and disposed   between the two stops (8,8 ') of the return stroke.   Jack according to any one of the   1 4 11, characterized in that a two-piece sleeve is fixedly mounted in the cylinder (17) and that the partition wall (3) is fixedly mounted between the two parts (28,29).   13 Cylinder according to any one of the   1 to 4 and 9 to 12, characterized in that the organization   the clamping device (5) is in the form of a resilient bellows (5 ') which can be pressurized and which projects the balancing chamber (6) and which is connected to a closing bottom plate (33') in a way   tightens the balancing chamber (6).