FR2501711A1 - PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GAS SUBSTANTIALLY CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND YDROGEN FROM CARBON-CONTAINING AND / OR HYDROCARBON-BASED RAW MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION CONCERNS THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. THE SUBJECT OF IT IS A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A GAS SENSITIVELY CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE AND HYDROGEN FROM A RAW MATERIAL CONTAINING CARBON AND OR HYDROCARBON, FOLLOWING WHICH THE RAW MATERIAL IS INJECTED IN THE SAME TIME OR LIPS. THAT AN OXIDIZING AGENT AND A MILK TRAINER IN A COMBUSTION ZONE 1 IN WHICH A SUPPLY OF THERMAL ENERGY IS SIMULTANEOUSLY MAINTAINED. THE COMBUSTION ZONE IS PROVIDED IN THE LOWER PART OF A TANK FILLED WITH A PARTICULAR SOLID CARBON MATERIAL AND A MILK FORMER FIXING SULFUR. THIS PROCESS IS PREFERRED FOR PRODUCING PURE SYNTHESIS GAS.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for

  producing a gas substantially containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a raw material containing carbon and / or a hydrocarbon.

  A main object of the invention is to

  from solid or liquid carbonaceous fuels, a combustible gas composed substantially of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and having a low sulfur content, the sulfur possibly in the presence

  being simultaneously incorporated into a slag.

  The technique proposed in accordance with the invention

  This can be applied with advantage, for example, to the production of a reducing gas for chemical processes, a fuel suitable as a substitute for oil, a gas for driving gas turbines and a gas for feeding the

metallurgical furnaces.

  The processes known hitherto for the production of such gases consume a lot of energy and are in addition more or less complicated as regards

the procedure.

  In addition, the gases produced according to these

  For example, known ceded stocks have high levels of sulfur and high levels of carbon dioxide and water and are therefore products which are particularly undesirable from an ecological point of view. The Applicant has discovered with surprise that it is possible, in accordance with the invention, to

  to eliminate the disadvantages and insufficiencies

  known processes and the essential characteristic of the process according to the invention consists in

  in the fact that the raw material, in pulp form,

  3E verulent or liquid, is injected together with an oxidizing agent and a slag former in a combustion zone with simultaneous supply of thermal energy and the combustion zone is formed in the lower part of a tank filled with a

  particulate solid carbonaceous material and a

slag maker fixing the sulfur.

  The gas produced in this way according to the invention has a sulfur content and residual contents of carbon dioxide and water which are low in comparison with those of gases produced by the known processes. Another advantage of the process according to the invention is that the sulfur is incorporated in a slag phase which is particularly favorable from an ecological point of view and which, for example, does not involve a formation of

  Hydrogen sulfide. In addition, gas produced in

  according to the invention is substantially free of hydro-

higher carbides.

  Thanks to the process according to the invention,

  there is also a simple regulation of the pro-

  surrendered itself because a buffer fuel is

  in the tank, so that the criteria for pre-

  decision on the supply of oxygen and

  pulverulent bleach to the tank become less demanding,

  a difference in the ratio of gaseous oxygen to

  pulverulent fuel causing no deterioration

the quality of the gas produced.

  It is advantageous according to the invention

  to use lime or dolomite as a forma-

  the sulfur-fixing slag and using as a gas oxidant a gaseous mixture containing

oxygen and / or water.

  According to an advantageous embodiment

  of the invention, it is therefore possible to adjust the time

  and the hydrogen content of the gas produced in

  the tank by admitting water in the upper part

  tank, that is to say above the combustion zone, while simultaneously exploiting the

sensible heat of the gas.

  According to another embodiment of

  the invention, the rate of combustion and the temperature

  can be regulated by regulating the supply of thermal energy to the combustion zone, this regulation being effected, for example, by heating

  fage of the oxidizing agent. According to a form of

  preferred embodiment of the invention, a general

  plasma as a source of heat.

  The invention also relates to an apparatus

  for the conduct of the process, this apparatus being

  characterized in that it comprises a reaction

  tank-shaped vessel filled with a mixture of

  a particulate solid carbonaceous material and a sulfur-fixing slag former, the reactor being provided with

  devices for admitting the raw material con-

  holding carbon and / or a hydrocarbon that conducts

  to a combustion zone in the lower part of the

  tank, as well as an outlet pipe for the continuous extraction of the formed slag and a

  gas outlet duct at the top

  reactor, in addition to devices for additional thermal energy

needs.

  Advantageously, the reactor is provided with a

  water supply device whose outlet leads to

  above the combustion zone.

  The invention is described below in detail with reference to an illustrated embodiment

in the attached drawing.

  In the drawing, the vessel-shaped reactor is indicated at 1. The reactor 1 is filled with a mixture of a particulate solid carbonaceous material, for example coal or coke, and a sulfur-fixing slag former. . The mixture 2 is admitted to the upper part 3 of the tank 1 by

  a furnace hopper 4 provided with an airlock

  gas. The upper part of the tank is ob-

  covered by a lid 5 in which is formed a

central gas outlet 7.

  A combustion zone 8 is formed in the lower part of the vessel 1, for example by means of a plasma burner 9 which can also be used to discharge a mixture of raw material in pulverulent or liquid form containing carbon. and / or a hydrocarbon with a slag former and an oxidizing agent. A feeding device

  for water opens into the combustion zone 8.

  In addition, a chute 12 is provided to evacuate the slag from the lower part of the vessel 1. In addition devices 13 and 14 for admitting water are

  arranged in such a way that their ends

  above the combustion zone 8.

  The raw material containing carbon

  and / or a hydrocarbon is injected in pulverulent form

  at the same time as the oxigenic agent

  such as gaseous oxygen, and that a trainer

  of milk who is preferably a trainer of lai-

  acid in the combustion zone 8, the combustion rate and the temperature being easily regulated by the supply of heat to the combustion zone. This

  The result can be obtained either by heating the oxy-

  admitted gene, either by means of a plasma generator 9.

  In addition, using the water intake devices 13 and 14 arranged above the combustion zone,

  the temperature and hydrogen content of the gas

  duit can be adjusted, while the heat

gas is used.

  The apparatus shown in the drawing may function

  for example, as described in the example

next ple.

EXAMPLE

  By admitting in the combustion zone 8 of the tank l 610 m3 of gaseous oxygen

250 17 1 1

  1000 kg of pulverized coal kg of slag former <20% A1203 and 80% SiO2)

  and simultaneously water by the device of admission-

  In an amount of 330 liters, 2635 cubic meters of gas are produced at a temperature of 950 ° C. and having the following constitution: Co2 3.3% Co 58.4%

H2 34.6%

H20 2.9%

N2 1.3%

in addition to 240 kg of slag.

  The filling of the tank is formed of

  kg of coke and 120 kg of limestone and the temperature

  erature in the combustion zone is around

  15000C. The energy consumption is 450 kWh.

  It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the embodiment illustrated in the drawing

  and is open to many variations and modifications

cations without departing from its scope.

250171 1

Claims (9)

R E V E N D I C A T I 0 N S   1 - Process for producing a gas containing substantially carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a carbon-containing raw material and / or a hydrocarbon characterized by injecting the raw material, in pulverulent or liquid form, into same time as an oxidizing agent that a trainer of   in a combustion zone with simul-   thermal energy and the Combustion zone is   formed in the lower part of a tank filled with   folds a particulate solid carbonaceous material and   a slag trainer fixing the sulfur.   2 - Process according to claim 1, characterized in that lime or dolomite is used   as a slag trainer fixing sulfur.   3 - Process according to claim 1 or 2,   characterized in that a gas mixture   holding oxygen and / or water as an oxidizing agent.   4 - Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the   temperature and hydrogen content of the product gas   in the tank by admitting water in the upper part   the tank while simultaneously sensible heat of the gas.   5 - Process according to any one of   Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rule   burning rate and temperature by regulating   the supply of thermal energy to the combustion zone.   6 - Process according to Claim 5, characterized in that the regulation is carried out in heating the oxidizing agent.   7 - Process according to claim 5, characterized in that the heating is carried out in a plasma generator.   8 - Apparatus for producing a gas containing substantially carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a carbon-containing raw material and / or a hydrocarbon for carrying out the process according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a tank reactor (1) filled   of a mixture (2) of a solid carbonaceous material   and a sulfur-fixing slag former, the reactor being provided with devices for admitting the carbon-containing raw material and / or hydrocarbon which open into a combustion zone (8) in the lower part of the tank,   in addition to an outlet pipe (12) for extracting   continuous formation of the formed slag and a gas outlet pipe (7> in the upper part of the reactor (1), as well as devices for an additional supply of thermal energy according to the needs.   9 - Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the reactor (1) is provided with devices (13, 14) for admitting water, which   exit into the tank above the comm bustion (8).