FR2490882B1 - Batterie de piles a combustible - Google Patents
Batterie de piles a combustibleInfo
- Publication number
- FR2490882B1 FR2490882B1 FR8117500A FR8117500A FR2490882B1 FR 2490882 B1 FR2490882 B1 FR 2490882B1 FR 8117500 A FR8117500 A FR 8117500A FR 8117500 A FR8117500 A FR 8117500A FR 2490882 B1 FR2490882 B1 FR 2490882B1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell battery
- battery
- fuel
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2210/00—Heat exchange conduits
- F28F2210/10—Particular layout, e.g. for uniform temperature distribution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
- H01M8/2495—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies of fuel cells of different types
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/189,466 US4310605A (en) | 1980-09-22 | 1980-09-22 | Fuel cell system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2490882A1 FR2490882A1 (fr) | 1982-03-26 |
FR2490882B1 true FR2490882B1 (fr) | 1986-11-14 |
Family
ID=22697454
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8117500A Expired FR2490882B1 (fr) | 1980-09-22 | 1981-09-16 | Batterie de piles a combustible |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4310605A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5780677A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU7424481A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1164524A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3137677A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2490882B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2084387B (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1171540B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (77)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3043692C2 (de) * | 1980-11-19 | 1985-07-11 | Ingenieurkontor Luebeck Prof. Gabler Nachf. Gmbh, 2400 Luebeck | Elektrische Gleichstromquelle |
US4383009A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-05-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Low hydrostatic head electrolyte addition to fuel cell stacks |
DE3218410A1 (de) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-17 | Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn GmbH & Co KG, 5790 Brilon | Galvanisches element, insbesondere metall-luft-zelle |
US4444851A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-04-24 | Energy Research Corporation | Fuel cell stack |
US4508793A (en) * | 1982-09-08 | 1985-04-02 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Air-cooled fuel cell system |
DE3242901A1 (de) * | 1982-11-20 | 1984-05-24 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Hochtemperatur-speicherbatterie |
EP0128023B1 (fr) * | 1983-06-02 | 1987-10-21 | Engelhard Corporation | Système de refroidissement pour éléments combustibles |
US4574112A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1986-03-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Cooling system for electrochemical fuel cell |
US4548875A (en) * | 1984-03-27 | 1985-10-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Heated transportable fuel cell cartridges |
US4578324A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-03-25 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Active cooling system for electrochemical cells |
US4629537A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-12-16 | Hsu Michael S | Compact, light-weight, solid-oxide electrochemical converter |
US4631239A (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1986-12-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Fuel cell plates with improved arrangement of process channels for enhanced pressure drop across the plates |
US4853301A (en) * | 1985-12-04 | 1989-08-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Fuel cell plates with skewed process channels for uniform distribution of stack compression load |
US4706737A (en) * | 1986-11-20 | 1987-11-17 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell coolant inlet manifold and system |
US4826741A (en) * | 1987-06-02 | 1989-05-02 | Ergenics Power Systems, Inc. | Ion exchange fuel cell assembly with improved water and thermal management |
AU671722B2 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1996-09-05 | Michael S. Hsu | Radiant thermal integration with regenerative heating in a high temperature electrochemical covverter |
US5338622A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-08-16 | Ztek Corporation | Thermal control apparatus |
DE4324907A1 (de) * | 1993-07-24 | 1995-01-26 | Dornier Gmbh | Verschalten von Brennstoffzellen |
GB9402887D0 (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1994-04-06 | Univ Napier | Modular fuel cell stack design with particular reference to planar solid oxide fuel cell technology |
US5693201A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1997-12-02 | Ztek Corporation | Ultra-high efficiency turbine and fuel cell combination |
ATE189560T1 (de) * | 1994-03-21 | 2000-02-15 | Ztek Corp | Elektrochemischer konverter mit optimaler druckverteilung |
US5501781A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1996-03-26 | Ztek Corporation | Electrochemical converter having internal thermal integration |
AU2107695A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1995-10-30 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell stack with compact, centrally disposed compression mechanism |
US5948221A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1999-09-07 | Ztek Corporation | Pressurized, integrated electrochemical converter energy system |
DE4438167C1 (de) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-03-14 | Licentia Gmbh | Anordnung zur Gaszuführung für Brennstoffzellen |
US5945232A (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 1999-08-31 | Plug Power, L.L.C. | PEM-type fuel cell assembly having multiple parallel fuel cell sub-stacks employing shared fluid plate assemblies and shared membrane electrode assemblies |
ITMI980914A1 (it) * | 1998-04-29 | 1999-10-29 | De Nora Spa | Metodo per l'integrazione di celle a combustibile con impianti elettrochimici |
FR2782845B1 (fr) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-11-17 | Peugeot | Systeme de pile a combustible |
US6194095B1 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2001-02-27 | Robert G. Hockaday | Non-bipolar fuel cell stack configuration |
US6979507B2 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2005-12-27 | Idatech, Llc | Fuel cell system controller |
US6316137B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-11-13 | Plug Power Inc. | Cooling a fuel cell stack |
US6835481B2 (en) | 2000-03-29 | 2004-12-28 | Idatech, Llc | Fuel cell system with load management |
JP4345205B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-14 | 2009-10-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 絶縁性を考慮した燃料電池の冷却 |
US6423437B1 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-07-23 | Enable Fuel Cell Corporation | Passive air breathing fuel cells |
ITMI20010459A1 (it) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-06 | Nuvera Fuel Cells Europ Srl | Metodi per il funzionamento di celle a combustibile alimentate con gas contenenti idrogeno monossido di carbonio e raltivi dispositivi |
JP4880836B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2012-02-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックおよび反応ガス供給方法 |
JP2003109642A (ja) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-11 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 水処理装置 |
US6679280B1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2004-01-20 | Metallic Power, Inc. | Manifold for fuel cell system |
US6945266B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2005-09-20 | Metallic Power, Inc. | Manifold for fuel cell system |
US6989651B1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2006-01-24 | Jadoo Power Systems, Inc. | Fuel cell power module and system including same |
JP3826833B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-19 | 2006-09-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
AT411943B (de) * | 2002-05-06 | 2004-07-26 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zum betreiben einer brennstoffzellenanlage |
US6833709B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-12-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Low loss fuel cell configuration |
EP1411569B1 (fr) | 2002-10-03 | 2013-08-14 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Pile à combustible et sa structure de connection à une unité de commande |
US6864004B2 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2005-03-08 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Direct methanol fuel cell stack |
JP4752175B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-05 | 2011-08-17 | ソニー株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
US7214442B2 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2007-05-08 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | High specific power, direct methanol fuel cell stack |
US20050142407A1 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-06-30 | Fuller Thomas F. | Start up cascaded fuel cell stack |
CA2553839A1 (fr) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-07-28 | Nedstack Holding B.V. | Centrale electrique possedant des piles a combustible |
KR100536239B1 (ko) | 2004-04-21 | 2005-12-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료 전지 시스템 |
US7842428B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2010-11-30 | Idatech, Llc | Consumption-based fuel cell monitoring and control |
US7524575B2 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2009-04-28 | Hyteon Inc. | Flow field plate for use in fuel cells |
US7531264B2 (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2009-05-12 | Hyteon Inc. | Fuel cell stack with even distributing gas manifolds |
US7972749B2 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2011-07-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Low voltage power tap on high voltage stack |
US20060008695A1 (en) * | 2004-07-09 | 2006-01-12 | Dingrong Bai | Fuel cell with in-cell humidification |
US20060051645A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-09 | Liqing Hu | Fuel cell stack with high output current and low output voltage |
US7314680B2 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2008-01-01 | Hyteon Inc | Integrated fuel cell power module |
US7479333B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2009-01-20 | Hyteon, Inc. | Fuel cell stack with multiple groups of cells and flow passes |
US7238441B2 (en) * | 2004-12-14 | 2007-07-03 | General Motors Corporation | Integrated bus bars for a fuel cell |
US20060188763A1 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-24 | Dingrong Bai | Fuel cell system comprising modular design features |
US7691502B2 (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2010-04-06 | Jadoo Power Systems, Inc. | Modular fuel cell power system, and technique for controlling and/or operating same |
US20060246331A1 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-11-02 | Steinbroner Matthew P | Partitioned fuel cell stacks and fuel cell systems including the same |
US7445647B1 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2008-11-04 | Hydra Fuel Cell Corporation | Method for making a single unit fuel cell |
EP2011180A2 (fr) * | 2006-04-24 | 2009-01-07 | Jadoo Power Systems, Inc. | Système d'alimentation de piles à combustible présentant un dispositif de type station d'accueil, et technique de commande et/ou d'exploitation de ce dernier |
US7887958B2 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2011-02-15 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen-producing fuel cell systems with load-responsive feedstock delivery systems |
US8026020B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2011-09-27 | Relion, Inc. | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack module |
US9293778B2 (en) | 2007-06-11 | 2016-03-22 | Emergent Power Inc. | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
US8057941B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2011-11-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Comprehensive method for triggering anode bleed events in a fuel cell system |
US8003274B2 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2011-08-23 | Relion, Inc. | Direct liquid fuel cell |
US8088523B2 (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2012-01-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Startup reliability using HFR measurement |
DE102009024579A1 (de) * | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kühlmediumsleitungsverschaltung zum Erreichen sehr gleichmäßiger Kühltemperaturen und hoher Verfügbarkeit insbesondere von Leistungsmaschinen |
WO2010144850A1 (fr) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Idatech, Llc | Systèmes et procédés pour contrôler de manière indépendante le fonctionnement d'empilages de piles à combustible, et systèmes de piles à combustible incorporant celles-ci |
US20110094718A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-04-28 | Tai-Her Yang | Heat absorbing or dissipating device with double-scroll piping transmitting temperature difference fluid |
EP2781624A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Empilement d'électrolyse et électrolyseur |
US11011772B2 (en) | 2016-04-21 | 2021-05-18 | Fuelcell Energy, Inc. | Cathode flow fuel cell systems and manifolds with an add-on stiffener |
US11482742B2 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2022-10-25 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Battery module, battery pack, and integrated battery pack |
DE102018218333A1 (de) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | Audi Ag | Elektrisches Energiesystem mit Brennstoffzellen |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB964467A (en) * | 1961-02-28 | 1964-07-22 | Leesona Corp | Improvements in or relating to fuel cells |
FR1323173A (fr) * | 1961-04-17 | 1963-04-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | électrodes pour piles à gaz |
US3235407A (en) * | 1961-04-17 | 1966-02-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Low voltage fuel cell systems |
FR1323172A (fr) * | 1961-04-17 | 1963-04-05 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Système de piles à gaz à basse tension |
US3458357A (en) * | 1964-01-08 | 1969-07-29 | Texas Instruments Inc | Fuel cell batteries |
FR1452564A (fr) * | 1964-11-17 | 1966-09-09 | Gen Electric | Piles à combustible, à électrolyte solide, à haute tension |
US3395047A (en) * | 1965-08-30 | 1968-07-30 | Monsanto Res Corp | Gasketed electrode fuel cell |
US3607425A (en) * | 1967-03-02 | 1971-09-21 | Gen Electric | Fuel battery including apparatus innovations relating to heat transfer, reactant distribution, and electrical output |
US3589941A (en) * | 1969-02-24 | 1971-06-29 | Onan Corp | Fuel cell with internal manifolds |
US3692585A (en) * | 1969-05-21 | 1972-09-19 | Alfred M Mayo | Fuel cell battery |
US3709736A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1973-01-09 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Fuel cell system comprising noncirculating,counter-current gas flow means |
US3979224A (en) * | 1971-06-11 | 1976-09-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel cell battery consisting of a plurality of fuel cells |
US3964930A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1976-06-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel cell cooling system |
FR2327645A1 (fr) * | 1975-10-09 | 1977-05-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Pile a combustible comportant au moins un element de pile perfectionne |
US4175165A (en) * | 1977-07-20 | 1979-11-20 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corporation | Fuel cell system utilizing ion exchange membranes and bipolar plates |
US4129685A (en) * | 1977-08-15 | 1978-12-12 | United Technologies Corp. | Fuel cell structure |
US4233369A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1980-11-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel cell cooler assembly and edge seal means therefor |
-
1980
- 1980-09-22 US US06/189,466 patent/US4310605A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-08-12 CA CA000383689A patent/CA1164524A/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-08-17 AU AU74244/81A patent/AU7424481A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1981-09-09 GB GB8127280A patent/GB2084387B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-10 JP JP56141824A patent/JPS5780677A/ja active Granted
- 1981-09-16 FR FR8117500A patent/FR2490882B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-09-18 IT IT49320/81A patent/IT1171540B/it active
- 1981-09-22 DE DE19813137677 patent/DE3137677A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5780677A (en) | 1982-05-20 |
CA1164524A (fr) | 1984-03-27 |
GB2084387A (en) | 1982-04-07 |
IT8149320A0 (it) | 1981-09-18 |
IT1171540B (it) | 1987-06-10 |
DE3137677A1 (de) | 1982-05-19 |
AU7424481A (en) | 1982-04-01 |
GB2084387B (en) | 1984-05-10 |
JPS6130386B2 (fr) | 1986-07-12 |
US4310605A (en) | 1982-01-12 |
FR2490882A1 (fr) | 1982-03-26 |
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