FR2307032A1 - Additifs polymeres ameliorant les proprietes des huiles hydrocarbonees - Google Patents
Additifs polymeres ameliorant les proprietes des huiles hydrocarboneesInfo
- Publication number
- FR2307032A1 FR2307032A1 FR7608150A FR7608150A FR2307032A1 FR 2307032 A1 FR2307032 A1 FR 2307032A1 FR 7608150 A FR7608150 A FR 7608150A FR 7608150 A FR7608150 A FR 7608150A FR 2307032 A1 FR2307032 A1 FR 2307032A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- properties
- hydrocarbon oils
- polymeric additives
- additives improving
- improving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/146—Macromolecular compounds according to different macromolecular groups, mixtures thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
- C10L1/206—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/207—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds containing halogen with or without hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/20—Organic compounds containing halogen
- C10L1/206—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/208—Organic compounds containing halogen macromolecular compounds containing halogen, oxygen, with or without hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
- C10L1/2362—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing nitrile groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
- C10L1/2364—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof homo- or copolymers derived from unsaturated compounds containing amide and/or imide groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/565,748 US4153422A (en) | 1975-04-07 | 1975-04-07 | Polymer combinations useful in distillate hydrocarbon oils to improve cold flow properties |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2307032A1 true FR2307032A1 (fr) | 1976-11-05 |
| FR2307032B1 FR2307032B1 (enExample) | 1983-01-14 |
Family
ID=24259932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7608150A Granted FR2307032A1 (fr) | 1975-04-07 | 1976-03-19 | Additifs polymeres ameliorant les proprietes des huiles hydrocarbonees |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4153422A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS602355B2 (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE839919A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1071867A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2613315A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2307032A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1542295A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1058675B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7603401A (enExample) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0061696A3 (en) * | 1981-03-28 | 1983-01-26 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for improving the flow of mineral oils |
| EP0301837A1 (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for the preparation of a flow-improved fuel oil composition |
| EP0593331A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-20 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Phosphates d'amines comportant un cycle imide terminal, leur préparation et leur utilisation comme additifs pour carburants moteurs |
| FR2699551A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-24 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Formulations contenant un phosphate d'amine et un additif de germination des paraffines. |
| WO2025088280A2 (fr) | 2023-10-26 | 2025-05-01 | Faiveley Transport Tours | Pantographe comportant un dispositif de mise en sécurité et procédé mis en oeuvre par un tel pantographe |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4211534A (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1980-07-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Combination of ethylene polymer, polymer having alkyl side chains, and nitrogen containing compound to improve cold flow properties of distillate fuel oils |
| JPS55137193A (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-10-25 | Toho Chem Ind Co Ltd | Fuel oil having low-temperature fluidity |
| JPS5661488A (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1981-05-26 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | Hydrocarbon oil composition |
| JPS5839472B2 (ja) * | 1980-05-30 | 1983-08-30 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 燃料油の流動性改良添加剤 |
| US4575526A (en) | 1982-08-09 | 1986-03-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylaging agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same |
| US4613342A (en) | 1982-08-09 | 1986-09-23 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same |
| US4564460A (en) | 1982-08-09 | 1986-01-14 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same |
| US4623684A (en) | 1982-08-09 | 1986-11-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acylating agent derivative containing combinations, and fuels containing same |
| JPS59149988A (ja) * | 1983-02-16 | 1984-08-28 | Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd | 燃料油用流動性向上剤 |
| IN168191B (enExample) * | 1984-02-21 | 1991-02-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | |
| GB8404518D0 (en) * | 1984-02-21 | 1984-03-28 | Exxon Production Research Co | Middle distillate compositions |
| GB8407403D0 (en) * | 1984-03-22 | 1984-05-02 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Middle distillate compositions |
| DE3583759D1 (de) * | 1984-03-22 | 1991-09-19 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Mitteldestillate zusammensetzungen mit fliesseigenschaften in der kaelte. |
| GB8521393D0 (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1985-10-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Middle distillate compositions |
| GB8522185D0 (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1985-10-09 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Oil & fuel compositions |
| JPS63120543U (enExample) * | 1987-01-29 | 1988-08-04 | ||
| DE3742630A1 (de) * | 1987-12-16 | 1989-06-29 | Hoechst Ag | Polymermischungen fuer die verbesserung der fliessfaehigkeit von mineraloeldestillaten in der kaelte |
| US4963279A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1990-10-16 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | C14-carboxylate polymer and viscosity index improver containing oleaginous compositions |
| US5112510A (en) * | 1989-02-28 | 1992-05-12 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Carboxylate polymer and viscosity index improver containing oleaginous compositions |
| JP2902481B2 (ja) * | 1990-04-19 | 1999-06-07 | エクソン ケミカル パテンツ インコーポレイテッド | 留出燃料用添加剤およびそれらを含有する留出燃料 |
| US5857287A (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-01-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Methods and compositions for improvement of low temperature fluidity of fuel oils |
| GB9930596D0 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-02-16 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Compounds |
| RU2166981C1 (ru) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-05-20 | Томский политехнический университет | Устройство для сорбентной очистки дымовых газов от оксидов азота |
| US7417009B2 (en) * | 2004-03-26 | 2008-08-26 | Nalco Company | Paraffin inhibitors |
| FR2903418B1 (fr) * | 2006-07-10 | 2012-09-28 | Total France | Utilisation de composes revelateurs d'efficacite des additifs de filtrabilite dans des distillats hydrocarbones, et composition synergique les contenant. |
| FR2925909B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-26 | 2010-09-17 | Total France | Additifs bifonctionnels pour hydrocarbures liquides obtenus par greffage a partir de copolymeres d'ethylene et/ou de propylene et d'esters vinyliques |
| EP2514803B1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2017-02-01 | Infineum International Limited | Improvements in fuel oils |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3275427A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | 1966-09-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Middle distillate fuel composition |
| FR2073842A5 (enExample) * | 1969-12-18 | 1971-10-01 | Shell Int Research |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3048479A (en) * | 1959-08-03 | 1962-08-07 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ethylene-vinyl ester pour depressant for middle distillates |
| DE1137261B (de) * | 1961-03-02 | 1962-09-27 | Roehm & Haas Gmbh | Verbesserung des Filtrierpunkts von Dieselkraftstoffen und Heizoelen |
| FR1323547A (fr) * | 1962-01-29 | 1963-04-12 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Procédé d'amélioration des opérations de déparaffinage des huiles |
| US3792983A (en) * | 1968-04-01 | 1974-02-19 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Ethylene and acrylate esters, their preparation and their use as wax crystal modifiers |
| US3832150A (en) * | 1968-09-17 | 1974-08-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Fuel oil with improved low temperature flowability |
| US3620696A (en) * | 1968-09-17 | 1971-11-16 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Fuel oil with improved flow properties |
| US3661541A (en) * | 1969-04-22 | 1972-05-09 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Fuel oil compositions containing a mixture of polymers to improve the pour point and flow properties |
| US4010006A (en) * | 1969-05-09 | 1977-03-01 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Flow improvers |
-
1975
- 1975-04-07 US US05/565,748 patent/US4153422A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1976
- 1976-03-03 CA CA247,066A patent/CA1071867A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-05 GB GB768927A patent/GB1542295A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-03-19 FR FR7608150A patent/FR2307032A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-03-23 IT IT21491/76A patent/IT1058675B/it active
- 1976-03-23 BE BE165468A patent/BE839919A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-03-29 DE DE19762613315 patent/DE2613315A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1976-04-01 NL NL7603401A patent/NL7603401A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-04-06 JP JP51037877A patent/JPS602355B2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3275427A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | 1966-09-27 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Middle distillate fuel composition |
| FR2073842A5 (enExample) * | 1969-12-18 | 1971-10-01 | Shell Int Research |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0061696A3 (en) * | 1981-03-28 | 1983-01-26 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for improving the flow of mineral oils |
| EP0301837A1 (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for the preparation of a flow-improved fuel oil composition |
| EP0593331A1 (fr) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-20 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Phosphates d'amines comportant un cycle imide terminal, leur préparation et leur utilisation comme additifs pour carburants moteurs |
| US5449386A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-09-12 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Amine phosphates having a terminal cyclic imide |
| FR2699551A1 (fr) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-24 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Formulations contenant un phosphate d'amine et un additif de germination des paraffines. |
| WO2025088280A2 (fr) | 2023-10-26 | 2025-05-01 | Faiveley Transport Tours | Pantographe comportant un dispositif de mise en sécurité et procédé mis en oeuvre par un tel pantographe |
| FR3154659A1 (fr) | 2023-10-26 | 2025-05-02 | Faiveley Transport Tours | Pantographe comportant un dispositif de mise en sécurité et procédé mis en œuvre par un tel pantographe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1071867A (en) | 1980-02-19 |
| DE2613315A1 (de) | 1976-10-21 |
| FR2307032B1 (enExample) | 1983-01-14 |
| JPS51123203A (en) | 1976-10-27 |
| NL7603401A (nl) | 1976-10-11 |
| IT1058675B (it) | 1982-05-10 |
| BE839919A (fr) | 1976-09-23 |
| US4153422A (en) | 1979-05-08 |
| GB1542295A (en) | 1979-03-14 |
| JPS602355B2 (ja) | 1985-01-21 |
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