FI93740C - Fluoripitoisia kiraalisia smektisiä nestekiteitä - Google Patents

Fluoripitoisia kiraalisia smektisiä nestekiteitä

Info

Publication number
FI93740C
FI93740C FI872851A FI872851A FI93740C FI 93740 C FI93740 C FI 93740C FI 872851 A FI872851 A FI 872851A FI 872851 A FI872851 A FI 872851A FI 93740 C FI93740 C FI 93740C
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
fluorine
liquid crystals
smectic liquid
chiral smectic
containing chiral
Prior art date
Application number
FI872851A
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI872851A0 (fi
FI93740B (fi
FI872851A (fi
Inventor
Eugene Peter Janulis
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining & Mfg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minnesota Mining & Mfg filed Critical Minnesota Mining & Mfg
Publication of FI872851A0 publication Critical patent/FI872851A0/fi
Publication of FI872851A publication Critical patent/FI872851A/fi
Publication of FI93740B publication Critical patent/FI93740B/fi
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI93740C publication Critical patent/FI93740C/fi

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
    • C07D213/80—Acids; Esters in position 3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C43/02—Ethers
    • C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
    • C07C49/527—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C49/577—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to rings other than six-membered aromatic rings containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
    • C07C49/76—Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C49/84—Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D237/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings
    • C07D237/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D237/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D237/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D237/14—Oxygen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D239/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
    • C09K19/126—Compounds containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/20—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers
    • C09K19/2007—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters or ethers the chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
    • C09K19/2021—Compounds containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/22—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and nitrogen atoms as chain links, e.g. Schiff bases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
    • C09K19/28—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings linked by a chain containing carbon and sulfur atoms as chain links, e.g. thioesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/32—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems
    • C09K19/322—Compounds containing a naphthalene ring or a completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalene ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
    • C09K19/3441—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
    • C09K19/3441—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom
    • C09K19/345—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a six-membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms
    • C09K19/3458—Uncondensed pyrimidines
    • C09K19/3463—Pyrimidine with a carbon chain containing at least one asymmetric carbon atom, i.e. optically active pyrimidines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
    • C09K19/3441—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom
    • C09K19/345—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having nitrogen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a six-membered aromatic ring containing two nitrogen atoms
    • C09K19/3458—Uncondensed pyrimidines
    • C09K19/3469—Pyrimidine with a specific end-group other than alkyl, alkoxy or -C*-
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/40—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
FI872851A 1986-06-30 1987-06-26 Fluoripitoisia kiraalisia smektisiä nestekiteitä FI93740C (fi)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US87998886A 1986-06-30 1986-06-30

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI872851A0 FI872851A0 (fi) 1987-06-26
FI872851A FI872851A (fi) 1987-12-31
FI93740B FI93740B (fi) 1995-02-15
FI93740C true FI93740C (fi) 1995-05-26

Family

ID=25375297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FI872851A FI93740C (fi) 1986-06-30 1987-06-26 Fluoripitoisia kiraalisia smektisiä nestekiteitä

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0255236B1 (fi)
JP (2) JPH07116107B2 (fi)
KR (2) KR960004450B1 (fi)
CA (2) CA1341138C (fi)
DE (1) DE3789740T2 (fi)
FI (1) FI93740C (fi)

Families Citing this family (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3909802A1 (de) * 1988-07-27 1990-04-05 Merck Patent Gmbh Difluormethylverbindungen
US5585036A (en) * 1988-03-04 1996-12-17 Displaytech, Inc. Liquid crystal compounds containing chiral 2-halo-2-methyl ether and ester tails
US5051506A (en) * 1988-03-04 1991-09-24 Displaytech, Inc. Ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds containing chiral haloalkyoxy tail units and compositions containing them
DE3825424A1 (de) * 1988-07-27 1990-03-29 Merck Patent Gmbh Fluorierte alkoxyverbindungen
US5082587A (en) * 1988-09-23 1992-01-21 Janulis Eugene P Achiral fluorine-containing liquid crystals
JP2547857B2 (ja) * 1989-04-10 1996-10-23 シャープ株式会社 強誘電性液晶組成物
DE4006743A1 (de) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-24 Merck Patent Gmbh Chirale oder achirale ringverbindungen
CA2026689C (en) * 1989-10-27 2000-03-14 Miguel G. Tristani-Kendra Liquid crystal device with grey scale
JPH03221588A (ja) * 1990-01-26 1991-09-30 Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk 液晶組成物用配合剤およびそれらを含む液晶組成物
DE59109017D1 (de) * 1990-03-24 1998-08-06 Merck Patent Gmbh Difluormethylverbindungen und flüssigkristallines Medium
WO1992013928A1 (de) * 1991-02-12 1992-08-20 MERCK Patent Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Flüssigkristalline verbindungen
JP3501455B2 (ja) * 1991-08-03 2004-03-02 メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング 液晶化合物
US5262082A (en) * 1992-04-28 1993-11-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds having perfluoroether terminal portions
CA2099437A1 (en) * 1992-07-17 1994-01-18 Marc D. Radcliffe Liquid crystal display device
JP3187611B2 (ja) * 1993-05-17 2001-07-11 キヤノン株式会社 液晶性化合物、これを含む液晶組成物、それを有する液晶素子、それらを用いた表示方法および表示装置
DE69424102T2 (de) * 1993-09-06 2000-12-21 Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Mesomorphe Verbindung, eine diese enthaltene Flüssigkristallzusammensetzung, eine diese Zusammensetzung verwendende Flüssigkristallvorrichtung, Flüssigkristallapparat und Anzeigeverfahren
JP3049681B2 (ja) * 1993-09-17 2000-06-05 キヤノン株式会社 液晶性化合物、それを含有する液晶組成物、それを有する液晶素子及びそれらを用いた表示方法、表示装置
US5399291A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-03-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Liquid crystal compounds having a fluoroether terminal portion
US5474705A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-12-12 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Chiral liquid crystal compounds having a perfluoroether terminal portion
EP0677565B1 (en) * 1994-04-14 2000-10-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid crystal composition, liquid crystal device using the composition, liquid crystal apparatus and display method
US5702637A (en) * 1995-04-19 1997-12-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Liquid crystal compounds having a chiral fluorinated terminal portion
JPH1068923A (ja) * 1996-06-17 1998-03-10 Canon Inc 液晶素子及びそれを用いた液晶装置
US6309561B1 (en) 1997-12-24 2001-10-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid crystal compounds having a chiral fluorinated terminal portion
US6139924A (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-10-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Chiral liquid crystal compounds having a fluorinated terminal portion
US6128064A (en) * 1999-07-14 2000-10-03 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid crystal device and liquid crystal display apparatus
US6870163B1 (en) 1999-09-01 2005-03-22 Displaytech, Inc. Ferroelectric liquid crystal devices using materials with a de Vries smectic A phase
US7083832B2 (en) 2000-09-01 2006-08-01 Displaytech, Inc. Partially fluorinated liquid crystal material
US6703082B1 (en) 2001-06-20 2004-03-09 Displaytech, Inc. Bookshelf liquid crystal materials and devices
GB0126844D0 (en) 2001-11-08 2002-01-02 Qinetiq Ltd Novel compounds
FI115210B (fi) * 2002-12-20 2005-03-31 Abb Oy Laite propulsiojärjestelmässä
TWI591096B (zh) * 2010-02-12 2017-07-11 羅利克股份公司 具橫向取代之光配向材料
CN109856911B (zh) * 2017-11-30 2023-10-27 罗门哈斯电子材料有限责任公司 盐和包含其的光致抗蚀剂

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL174644C (nl) * 1970-04-13 1984-07-16 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Werkwijze ter bereiding van een herbicide verbinding; tevens werkwijze voor de bereiding van een preparaat met herbicide werking.
US3784608A (en) * 1972-10-30 1974-01-08 Dow Chemical Co Substituted haloalkoxy-and haloalkyl-thio-phenols and thiophenols
DE2937911A1 (de) * 1978-09-19 1980-03-27 Daikin Ind Ltd Fluor enthaltende phenylbenzoatverbindungen, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung
FR2482586A1 (fr) * 1980-05-13 1981-11-20 Inst Orch Khim Ak Procede de preparation de derives difluoromethoxyles d'aldehydes aromatiques
GB2168697B (en) * 1982-05-25 1986-11-26 Nat Res Dev Intermediates useful in the preparation of pesticides containing a haloallylbenzyl group
FR2561250B1 (fr) * 1984-03-16 1987-03-06 Thomson Csf Compose organique presentant une phase smectique a, melange comprenant ce compose et procede de fabrication
JPS6256466A (ja) * 1985-09-04 1987-03-12 Canon Inc 光学活性物質
US4867903A (en) * 1986-03-10 1989-09-19 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Fluoroalkane derivative

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI872851A0 (fi) 1987-06-26
FI93740B (fi) 1995-02-15
FI872851A (fi) 1987-12-31
EP0255236A3 (en) 1990-05-09
JPS6327451A (ja) 1988-02-05
KR880000549A (ko) 1988-03-26
JP2705714B2 (ja) 1998-01-28
KR960004450B1 (ko) 1996-04-06
CA1341010C (en) 2000-05-30
EP0255236A2 (en) 1988-02-03
JPH07324051A (ja) 1995-12-12
DE3789740T2 (de) 1994-11-24
EP0255236B1 (en) 1994-05-04
JPH07116107B2 (ja) 1995-12-13
KR960001889B1 (ko) 1996-02-06
CA1341138C (en) 2000-11-14
DE3789740D1 (de) 1994-06-09

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Owner name: MINNESOTA MINING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY