FI92574C

FI92574C - Hoist

Info

Publication number: FI92574C
Application number: FI935718A
Authority: FI
Inventors: Ismo Kuivamaeki
Original assignee: Kone Oy
Priority date: 1993-12-17
Filing date: 1993-12-17
Publication date: 1994-12-12
Also published as: EP0663369A1; FI92574B; JPH07257881A; DE69428510D1; FI935718A0; EP0663369B1; DE69428510T2

Description

9257492574

NOSTOLAITENOSTOLAITE

Keksinto kohdistuu kåyttåvållå voimansiirtopyorållå varustetun nostimen yhteydesså kåytettåvåån kuorman nostamiseen tarkoitet-5 tuun laitteeseen, joka on varustettu våhintåån kahdella nosto-elimellå.The invention relates to a device for lifting a load used in connection with a hoist provided with a drive transmission wheel, which is provided with at least two lifting members.

Kåyttåvållå voimansiirtopyorållå varustettuja nostimia ovat esimerkiksi ketjunostimet. Ketjunostimia kåytetåån nostokoneis-10 toina tyypillisesti pienien kuormien kåyttoalueella, eli n. 100 kg ... 2000 kg kuormilla, hitailla nostonopeuksilla ja pienillå nostomatkoilla. Ketjunostimia on periaatteessa kahta tyyppiå. Yksi tyyppi on sellainen, jossa ketjupyorån akseli on tuettu molemmista påiståån ja toisessa tyypisså ketjupyorån akselin 15 toinen påå on vapaa. Syy ketjunostinten suosioon on niiden edullinen hinta ja pieni koko. Pieni koko johtuu mm. siitå, ettå ketjunostimessa ei ole telaa, vaan yloskelattu nostoketju varas-toidaan nostimen yhteydesså olevaan såilioon.Hoists equipped with a driven transmission wheel are, for example, chain hoists. Chain hoists are typically used as lifting machines in the operating range of small loads, i.e. with loads of about 100 kg ... 2000 kg, slow lifting speeds and short lifting distances. There are basically two types of chain hoists. One type is one in which the sprocket shaft is supported at both ends and in another type the other end of the sprocket shaft 15 is free. The reason for the popularity of chain hoists is their low price and small size. The small size is due to e.g. because the chain hoist does not have a roller, but the wound hoist chain is stored in a container connected to the hoist.

20 Samoin kuin kaikkien nostokoneistojen, myos ketjunostinten kåyttoalueella on tarvetta kahdella koukulla tapahtuvaan yhtåai-kaiseen nostoon. Ketjunostimilla tåmå toteutetaan kåyttåmållå yhdelle ketjulle tarkoitetun vetåvån ketjupyorån sijasta kahta vetåvåå ketjupyoråå samalle akselille asennettuna. Toinen ketju 25 tai molemmat ketjut on sitten johdettu taittopyorån/taittopyor-ien kautta nostokoukkujen saamiseksi halutulle etåisyydelle toisistaan. Tåmå rakenne toimii sinånså hyvin, mutta vetåvien ketjupyorien akseleita rasittaa kuorman vedosta aiheutuva våån-torasitus. Tåmå rajoittaa nostettavan kuorman suuruutta, vaikka 30 itse ketjunostimen moottorilla ja vaihteella olisikin riittåvå kapasiteetti. Vetåvån ketjupyorån vaihto kaksoisketjupyoråksi ei myoskåån ole mahdollista kaikilla niillå ketjunostimilla, joilla ketjupyorå on nostimen rakenteen sisållå johtuen lisåketjupyorån tarvitsemasta tilasta vetopyorån akselin suunnassa. Kahdella 35 koukulla varustettuja ketjunostimia on ehkå noin 5...10% kaikis-ta ketjunostimista, joten ylimååråisen nostimen keskellå olevan ketjupyorån vaatiman tilan varaaminen kaikkiin nostimiin tekisi nostimet kalliimmiksi. Jos ketjunostimen ketjupyorå on nostimen påådysså, niin ketjupyorån akselia ja sen tuentaa joudutaan mah- 2 92574 dollisesti vahvistamaan lisåttåesså toinen ketjupyorå, mikå myos on kaliis ratkaisu.20 As with all hoists, there is a need for two hooks to be lifted simultaneously in the area where the chain hoists are used. With chain hoists, this is accomplished by using two drive sprockets mounted on the same axle instead of a drive sprocket for one chain. The second chain 25 or both chains are then guided through the folding wheel (s) to obtain the lifting hooks at the desired distance from each other. This structure works well in itself, but the axles of the drive chain wheels are stressed by the torsional stress caused by the traction of the load. This limits the amount of load that can be lifted, even if the motor and gearbox of the 30 chain hoists themselves have sufficient capacity. Also, it is not possible to change the drive sprocket to a double sprocket with all chain hoists that have a sprocket inside the hoist structure due to the space required by the auxiliary sprocket in the direction of the sprocket axis. Chain hoists with two 35 hooks are perhaps about 5 ... 10% of all chain hoists, so reserving the space required by the sprocket in the middle of the extra hoist for all hoists would make the hoists more expensive. If the sprocket of the chain hoist is at the end of the hoist, then the shaft of the sprocket and its support may need to be strengthened when adding another sprocket, which is also a potassium solution.

Nyt esitettåvållå keksinnollå on tarkoitus poistaa edellåesitet-5 tyjå tunnetun tekniikan haittoja.The present invention is intended to obviate the disadvantages of the prior art described above.

Keksinnon mukaiselle laitteelle on tunnusomaista se, mitå on sanottu patenttivaatimuksen 1 tunnusmerkkiosassa. Keksinnon muille sovellusmuodoille on tunnusomaista se, mitå on sanottu 10 muissa patenttivaatimuksissa.The device according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is stated in the other claims.

Keksinnon etuna on se, ettå sitå voidaan soveltaa kåytettåvåksi standardiketjunostinten yhteydesså, koska toista vetåvåå ketju-pyoråå ei tarvitse lisåtå ketjunostimeen. Keksinnollå våltetåån 15 myos kuorman vedosta aiheutuvan taivutusrasituksen muodostuminen ketjunostimen kåyttåvån ketjupyorån akselille. Vielå etuna on se, ettå laitteen kåytettåvån ja nostoketjuja kåyttåvien ketju-pyorien halkaisijoita muuntelemalla voidaan nostonopeutta ja siten myos nostettavan kuorman suuruutta muuttaa. Myos useamman 20 kuin kahden nostoelimen, nostoketjun jårjeståminen on keksinnon mukaiseen rakenteeseen mielekkååsti toteutettavissa.The advantage of the invention is that it can be applied for use in connection with standard chain hoists, because it is not necessary to add one to the chain hoist driving the other. The invention also avoids the formation of a bending stress due to the traction of the load on the shaft of the sprocket driven by the chain hoist. A further advantage is that by varying the diameters of the chain wheels used by the device and using the lifting chains, the lifting speed and thus also the magnitude of the load to be lifted can be changed. It is also meaningful to arrange the lifting chain of more than 20 lifting elements in the structure according to the invention.

Keksintoå selostetaan seuraavassa eråån sovelluksen avulla viittaamalla kuivioihin, joissa 25 kuvio 1 esittåå eråstå ketjunostimen sovellusta kahdella ketjulla tapahtuvaan nostoon tunnetun tekniikan mukaan, kuvio 2 esittåå keksinnon mukaista sovellusta kahdella nostoeli-30 mellå tapahtuvaan nostoon ja • kuvio 3 esittåå keksinnon mukaisen laitteen ketjupyorien jår- jestelyå.The invention will now be described with reference to an embodiment with reference to dryers, in which Fig. 1 shows an application of a chain hoist for lifting with two chains according to the prior art, Fig. 2 shows an application according to the invention for lifting with two lifting members; .

35 Kuvio 1 esittåå tyypillistå tunnetun tekniikan mukaista ratkai-sua yhden ketjunostimen kåyttåmåksi kahdella nostoketjulla tapahtuvaa yhtåaikaista nostoa vårten. Ketjunostin 1 on kiinni-tetty kiinnityslaitteella 2 nostovaunuun 3. Nostovaunu liikkuu pyorien 4 avulla radalla 5. Nostimeen on jårjestetty kåyttåvå 3 92574 kaksoisketjupyorå 6 akselille 7. Ensimmåisen nostoketjun 8 yksi påå on kiinnitetty kuormaan 10 ja ketju on viety sitten kaksoisket jupyorån 6 yhden pyorån kautta ketjusåilioon 11. Myos toisen nostoketjun 9 yksi påå on kiinnitetty kuormaan 10, mutta toinen 5 nostoketju 9 on viety taittopyorån 12 ja 13 kautta kåyttåvån kaksoisketjupyorån 6 toiselle pyorålle ja sieltå ketjusåilioon 11. Nostoketjuihin niiden liikuttamisesta ja nostosta aiheutuvat voimat F1 ja F2 vaikuttavat kåyttåvån kaksoisketjupyorån 6 akse-liin 7. Haittana tåsså tunnetun tekniikan mukaisessa rakenteessa 10 on voimien F1 ja F2 aiheuttama akselin 7 taipuminen. Kuvio esittåå nostinta, jossa kåyttåvå kaksoisketjupyorå on jårjestet-ty nostimen sisåån, mikå rakenne ei ole mahdollista tilanpuut-teen takia toteuttaa kaikilla nostimilla. Jos nostimessa kåyttåvå ketjupyorå on nostimen påådysså, ni in kaksoisketjupyorån 15 jårjeståmien on helpompaa, mutta akselin pitenemisen seurauksena aiheutuu kuormasta 10 vielå voimakkaampi akselia taivuttava momentti. Useamman kuin kahden kåyttåvån ketjupyorån jårjeståmi-nen tunnettuihin ketjunostimiin johtaa epåmielekkåisiin ratkai-suihin tarvittavan akselipituuden takia.Figure 1 shows a typical prior art solution for use by a single chain hoist for simultaneous lifting with two lifting chains. The chain hoist 1 is fastened to the hoisting carriage 3 by a fastening device 2. The hoisting carriage moves by means of wheels 4 on the track 5. The hoist is arranged with one end of the second lifting chain 9 is also attached to the load 10, but the other 5 lifting chains 9 are passed through the folding wheels 12 and 13 to the second wheel of the double chain drive 6 and from there to the chain container 6. to the shaft 7. The disadvantage of this prior art structure 10 is the bending of the shaft 7 caused by the forces F1 and F2. The figure shows a hoist in which a drive double sprocket is arranged inside the hoist, which structure is not possible to implement with all hoists due to lack of space. If the sprocket used in the hoist is at the end of the hoist, the arrangements of the double sprocket 15 will be easier, but as a result of the extension of the shaft, the load 10 will cause an even stronger axle bending moment. Arranging a sprocket with more than two drives in known chain hoists leads to pointless solutions due to the required shaft length.

2020

Kuvio 2 on esittåå kåyttåvållå voimansiirtopyorållå varustettua nostinta 101 ja keksinnon mukaista laitetta 103, joka on varus-tettu kahdella nostoelimellå 108 ja 109. Kåyttåvållå voimansiirtopyorållå varustetulla nostimella tarkoitetaan nostinta, 25 jossa ei ole telaa. Tållainen on esimerkiksi ketjunostin. Nostin 101 on kiinnitetty kiinnittimillå 102 laitteeseen 103, joka liikkuu pyorien 104 avulla radalla 105. Nostin 101 ja laite 103 muodostavat nostolaitteen 121.Fig. 2 shows a hoist 101 with a driven transmission wheel and a device 103 according to the invention provided with two lifting members 108 and 109. A hoist with a driven transmission wheel means a hoist 25 without a roller. This is the case, for example, with a chain hoist. The hoist 101 is attached by fasteners 102 to a device 103 which is moved by means of wheels 104 on a track 105. The hoist 101 and the device 103 form a hoisting device 121.

30 Nostimessa 101 on kåyttåvå voimansiirtopyorå 106 joko nostimen sisållå, kuten kuviossa on esitetty, tai se voi olla nostimen påådysså. Laitteessa 103 on nostimen 101 kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 låheisyyteen kiinnitetty kåytettåvå voimansiirtopyorå 114, jonka akselille 117 on lisåksi kiinnitetty kaksi kåyttåvåå 35 toista voimansiirtopyoråå 115 ja 116 nostoelinten 108 ja 109 liikuttamiseksi kuorman 110 nostamista vårten. Nostimen ollessa kiinnitetty laitteeseen 103 on kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 ja kåytettåvån voimansiirtopyorån 114 vålille asennettu suljettu voimansiirtolenkki 120, joka on suljettu lenkki ketjua tai ham- 4 92574 mashihnaa. Kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 ja kåytettåvån voimansiirtopyorån 114 hampaat voivat olla myos asetettu kosketta-maan toisiaan, jolloin voimansiirto tapahtuu suoraan kåyttåvåltå voimansiirtopyoråltå kåytettåvålle voimansiirtopyorålle niiden 5 hampaiden vålityksellå.The hoist 101 has a drive transmission wheel 106 either inside the hoist, as shown in the figure, or it may be at the end of the hoist. Attached to the drive 103 in the vicinity of the drive wheel 106 of the hoist 101 is a drive gear 114, to the shaft 117 of which two drive pulleys 115 and 116 are additionally mounted to move the load members 108 and 109 to lift the load 110. With the hoist attached to the device 103, there is a closed transmission loop 120 mounted between the drive transmission wheel 106 and the drive transmission wheel 114 in use, which is a closed link chain or toothed belt 4 92574. The teeth of the drive gear 106 and the drive gear 114 in use may also be placed in contact with each other, with the transmission taking place directly from the drive gear to the drive gear used therein.

Nostoeliminå 108 ja 109 kåytetåån nostoketjuja, joita kåyttåvåt voimansiirtopyoråt 115 ja 116 ovat ketjupyoriå. Ketjut voivat olla lenkkiketjuja tai rullaketjuja. Nostoelimien 108 ja 109 yh-10 det pååt on viety kumpikin oman kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorånså 115 ja 116 kautta laitteeseen 103 kiinnitettyyn ketjusåilioon 111. Ensimmåisen nostoelimen 108 toinen påå on kiinnitetty nostettavaan kuormaan 110. Toinen nostoelin 109 on viety ensin kahden taittopyorån 113 ja 112 kautta ja sitten kiinnitetty 15 kuormaan 110. Kuorma 110 voi olla joko kuormauselin tai suoraan varsinainen hyotykuorma.The lifting members 108 and 109 use lifting chains, which are driven by the transmission wheels 115 and 116, which are chain wheels. The chains can be link chains or roller chains. The combined ends of the lifting members 108 and 109 are each passed through their respective drive transmission wheels 115 and 116 to a chain container 111 attached to the device 103. The other end of the first lifting member 108 is attached to a load 110. The second lifting member 109 is then passed through attached 15 to the load 110. The load 110 may be either a loading member or directly an actual payload.

Laitetta 103 voidaan muunnella monella tavalla.Device 103 can be modified in many ways.

20 Nostoeliminå 108 ja 109 edellåmainittujen ketjujen sijaan voidaan kåyttåå koysiå, jolloin kåyttåvien voimansiirtopyorien 115 ja 116 tilalla on koysitelat, joihin kummankin koysien yhdet pååt kiinnitetåån.Instead of the aforementioned chains, a hoist can be used as the lifting members 108 and 109, in which case the drive transmission wheels 115 and 116 are replaced by hoist rollers to which one end of each hoist is attached.

25 Kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 ja kåytettåvån voimansiirtopyorån 114 halkaisijoita varioimalla voidaan nostonopeutta ja siten myos nostettavan kuorman suuruutta varioida, joten lait-teella 103 voidaan nostaa suurempia kuormia kuin nostimen 101 nimelliskuorma tai saada pienemmållå kuormalla aikaan suurempi 3 0 nostonopeus.By varying the diameters of the drive gear 106 used and the drive gear 114 used, the lifting speed and thus also the magnitude of the load to be lifted can be varied, so that the device 103 can lift higher loads than the nominal load of the hoist 101 or achieve a higher load speed 3.

: Kuorman suuruutta voidaan myos kasvattaa jårjeståmållå kuorma taljaripustukseen, esimerkiksi jårjeståmållå kuorma 110 taitto-pyorien varaan, joiden kautta nostoelimet viedåån ja kiinnittå-35 mållå nostoelinten toiset pååt laitteeseen 103.: The magnitude of the load can also be increased by arranging the load on the hoist suspension, for example by arranging the load 110 on folding wheels, through which the lifting members are introduced and secured to the device 103 by the other ends of the lifting members.

Useamman kuin kahden nostoelimen kåytto on myos helppo jårjeståå laitteeseen 103. Esimerkiksi kolmen nostoelimenå toimivan nostoket jun avulla tapahtuva nosto voidaan toteuttaa jårjeståmållå 5 92574 akselille 117 kolme kåytettåvåå ketjupyoråå ja laitteeseen 103 tietysti myos kolme nostavaa ketjua.The use of more than two lifting members is also easy to arrange in the device 103. For example, lifting by means of three lifting members acting as a lifting member can be carried out by arranging 5 92574 shafts 117 with three driven sprockets and of course three lifting chains with the device 103.

Jos nostoelinten 108 ja 109 keskinåinen vaakasuora etåisyys 5 nostettavan kuorman kiinnityskohdissa on suuri, niin toisen nostoelimen (ketjun, koyden) venymå voi olla suurempi kuin toisen. Tåmån vålttåmiseksi myos toinen nostoelin voidaan viedå taittopyorien kautta nostettavalle kuormalle 110, kuten on nostoelin 109 viety kuviossa 2. Tåtå menettelyå voidaan kåyttåå 10 myos haluttaessa tehdå nostoelimistå keskenåån vaihtokelpoisia.If the mutual horizontal distance 5 of the lifting members 108 and 109 at the attachment points of the load to be lifted is large, then the elongation of the second lifting member (chain, hoist) may be greater than that of the other. To avoid this, the second lifting member can also be brought to the load 110 to be lifted via the folding wheels, as the lifting member 109 has been inserted in Fig. 2. This procedure can also be used 10 if the lifting members can be made interchangeable if desired.

Kuvio 3 esittåå nostimen 101 ja laitteen 103 voimansiirtopyoriå akseleineen. Nostimessa 101 on sen voiman ulostulona laakereilla 119 laakeroitu akseli 107, jolle on kiinnitetty kåyttåvå voiman-15 siirtopyorå 106.Figure 3 shows the transmission wheel of the lifter 101 and the device 103 with its shafts. The lifter 101 has, as an output of its force, a shaft 107 mounted on bearings 119, to which a driving force-15 transmission wheel 106 is attached.

Laitteessa 103 on toinen akseli 117, jolle on kiinnitetty kåy-tettåvå voimansiirtopyorå 114 ja kaksi toista kåyttåvåå voiman-siirtopyoråå 115 ja 116. Kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 ja 20 kåytettåvån voimansiirtopyorån 114 vålillå on voimansiirtolenkki 120, joka voi olla suljettu lenkki lenkkiketjua, rullaketjua tai hammashihnaa ja voimansiirtopyoråt 106 ja 114 niitå vastaavia. Kuviossa 3 on esitetty hammastetut voimansiirtopyoråt 106 ja 114 rullaketjua vårten. Akseli 117 on laakeroitu laakereilla 118. 25 Kuviossa nåkyy myos toisille kåyttåville voimansiirtopyorille 115 ja 116 asetetut nostoelimet 108 ja 109. Nostoelimiin 108 ja 109 vaikuttaa niiden liikuttamisesta ja kuormasta 110 aiheutuvat voimat F3 ja F4, jotka eivåt pååse vaikuttamaan vetovoimana nostimen kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån akselille 106, vaan veto-30 voima kohdistuu akseliin 117, joten nostimen kåyttåvån voimansiirtopyorån 106 akselille ei aiheudu vååntorasitusta.The device 103 has a second shaft 117 to which a drive wheel 114 and two second drive pulleys 115 and 116 are attached. the transmission wheels 106 and 114 are similar. Figure 3 shows the toothed transmission wheels 106 and 114 along the roller chain. The shaft 117 is supported by bearings 118. The figure also shows the lifting members 108 and 109 placed on the second drive transmission wheels 115 and 116. The lifting members 108 and 109 are subjected to forces F3 and F4 by their movement and load 110, but the force of the traction-30 is applied to the shaft 117, so that there is no torsional stress on the shaft of the transmission wheel 106 driving the hoist.

Keksintoå on edellå esitetty yhden sovelluksen valossa, rautta esitystå ei ole pidettåvå rajoittavana, vaan keksinnon laajuus 35 mååråytyy jåljempånå esitettåvien patenttivaatimusten suojapii-rin mukaan.The invention has been described above in the light of one embodiment, the presentation of iron is not to be construed as limiting, but the scope of the invention is determined by the scope of the claims set out below.

Claims

1. For the lifting of a load device (103) used in connection with a telfer (101), which is provided with a driving power transmission wheel (106), which device is provided with at least two lifting means (108, 109), characterized by in that the device (103) can be secured to the tether (101) and that the device (103) is provided with a driven power transmission wheel (114) on the spring shaft (117), in addition, at least two other driving power transmission wheels (115, 116) which the lifting element (108, 109) of the device (103) in motion when the load (110) is to be lifted.

Device (103) according to claim 1, characterized in that when the device (103) is reached at the telephoto (101) the force (F3, F4) required to move the lifting elements (108, 109) and lift the load (110) is transferred from the driving power transmission wheel (106) to the driven power transmission wheel (114).

Device (103) according to claim 2, characterized in that the force (F3, F4) required to move the lifting elements (108,109) and lift the load (110) is transferred from the driving power transmission wheel (106) to the driven power transmission wheel. (114) of a power transmission signal (120) which is a breathless chain or timing belt between the driving power transmission wheel (106) and the driven power transmission wheel (114).

4. Device (103) according to claim 2, characterized in that the driving force transfer wheel (106) of the telfer (101) and the driven power transfer wheel (114) of the device are gears and the force (F3, F4) required to bring the lifting elements ( 108, 109) in motion and lifting the load (110) is transferred directly from the driving power transmission wheel (106) to the driven power transmission wheel (114) via the cogs of the wheels. 3 5

Device (103) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two other power transmission wheels (115, 116) of the device are sprockets and the lifting means (108, 109) are chains. Il 92574

Device (103) according to one of the claims, characterized in that the two other power transmission wheels (115, 116) are lined drums and the lifting means (108, 109) are lined spring one year in the respective liner drums. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40