FI63290B - UPPVAERMNINGSANORDNING - Google Patents

Description

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Patani · och ragiataratyralaan 7 Aiwakm uti »gd odi« UkrMkM pubHcma 31.01.83 (32) (33) (31) Pyr · * · * »/« uolkwt.B ^ M prlorlm 20.08.79 Denmark-Danmark (DK) 3465 / 79 (71) (72) Eyvind Skjold Nielsen, 35 Als oddevej, DK-9560 Hadsund,

Niels Rudi Pedersen, 59 Nybrogaardsvej, DK-9560 Hadsund,

Denmark-Danmark (DK) (74) Berggren Oy Ab (54) Lammityslaitos - Uppvärmningsanordning

The invention relates to a heating plant according to the type definition of claim 1, for fuel oil, fuel gas or other combustible liquid or gaseous substances.

Due to the global energy crisis, in recent years every effort has been made in the development of heating plants, especially oil heating plants, to make full use of the heat of combustible substances. Thus, a very efficient blue-flame burner has been developed, i.e. a burner which in no way generates soot (see brochure "Verbrennung total" RE, M.A.N. Brennerbau, Rossweg 62000, Hamburg). Even when using such a burner, the heat economy is not ideal, because some of the heat from the flue gas is wasted with the chimney air. In connection with such a burner, attempts have been made to recover the heat which is lost with the chimney air, but so far without much success. In this connection, reference is made to the article in "Ingeni ^ ren", No. 49, 8.12. 1978, "Oliefyret minikedel uden forurening og med 100% nyttevirkning", ("Oil-fired small boiler, without pollution and with 100% efficiency").

2 63290

The object of the invention is to provide a heating plant which has better thermal economy than previous heating plants of this type. To achieve this, the heating plant according to the invention is characterized in that the side walls of the bubble device have a minimum height of 20-500 mm according to the pressure and volume velocity in normal use, thus avoiding bubble below the lower part of the side walls of the bubble device, and that the bubble device also comprises a heat exchanger which cools the substantially horizontal part of the dome.

In the heating plant according to the invention, the heat of the flame is first utilized in the normal way by means of one or more heat exchangers arranged in connection with the combustion chamber. The flue gas is then bubbled through a bubble device, where the higher the smoke pressure, the larger the area of the penetration area. In this specification, a scrubber is a bubble device containing water. It is very important to use a high-power burner where no soot is formed so that the bubble device does not clog soon. Surprisingly, it has been found that a bubble device constructed in this way can very efficiently absorb the condensing heat of water vapor from combustion together with the heat contained in the flue gas. In addition, it has been found that a heat exchanger that cools the substantially horizontal portion of the hood is necessary because the substantially horizontal portion of the bubble device would otherwise become very hot during use and therefore deform, with the risk of some perforations above the bubble device greatly the efficiency of the heating plant. This is true when the bubble device is made of metal, preferably stainless steel, which is the normal building material of the bubble device. If the bubble device is made of, for example, ceramic material, a heat exchanger to cool the horizontal part of the bubble device is not absolutely necessary.

Preferred embodiments of the heating plant according to the invention appear from claims 2-4.

If the perforations of the bubble device cover 1-50% of the area of the side walls, an exceptionally efficient absorption of the heat content of the flue gas 3 63290 in the smoke washer is achieved, while at the same time harmful pulses are avoided.

The piercings may preferably be slits. This achieves reliable combustion without harmful pulses compared to cases where the piercings are holes. Technically, this is an exceptionally good embodiment for the manufacture of a bubble device.

The slits can be formed by making vertical thin perforations so that the side portions have alternately folds outwards and inwards. In this case, good utilization of the heat contained in the flue gas is achieved.

It is found that the heating plant according to the invention can achieve an oil heat recovery of 107% of its lower combustion value and 110% of gas combustion when using certain combustible gases, e.g. natural gas, calculated from the lowest calorific value of these gases, in both cases even without a heat pump.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figures 1-3 schematically show three different preferred embodiments of a heating plant according to the invention. The different components of the heating plant shown in Figure 1 can be summarized as follows: 1. Fireplace 2. Burner 3. Chimney 4. Flue gas chute 5. Water cooling 6. Chimney (bubble device) cracks 7. Heat exchanger - tap water 8. Heat exchanger - heating 9. Exhaust pipe - combustion air 10. Cooling medium from heat pump 4 63290 11. Heat pump 12. Neutralizer, electronically controlled 13. Electronic control of oil burner in relation to heat pump 14. Electric cable 15. Hot water from exhaust heat pump 16. Discharge - hot tap water 17. Discharge - hot heating water (return water) .Cold tap water inlet 20. Overflow 21. Water 22. Boiler

A more detailed explanation of the various components is given below:

Item 22 shows the entire boiler unit, with item 1 being the firebox and item 2 being the no oil burner, item 3 being the flue gas valve and item 4 being the hood (bubble device) with perforated sides, item 6, and the heat exchanger item 5. Item 7 is a hot tap water heat exchanger. Point 8 is the flue gas condensing heat exchanger, and point 9 is the actual flue gas exhaust pipe.

Item 10 is a tube containing refrigerated cooling medium, and item 11 is a heat pump unit. Item 12 is a neutralization unit, item 13 is an electronically controlled unit, where item 14 refers to the cables connecting the boiler and the heat pump in terms of control. Item 15 shows a pipe containing hot water from a heat pump. Section 16 shows hot tap water removal and section 17 shows heating water removal. Item 18 shows the return water for heating. Item 19 shows the cold tap water inlet. Item 20 shows an overflow pipe and item 21 means water.

The operation of the presented embodiment of the heating plant can be seen from the following:

Item 22 shows the boiler, the flame of the oil burner 2 burns in the furnace 1, from which the flue gas is forced up through the chimney 3. When the flue gas hits the bubble device 4, the developed pressure causes the flue gas to bubble through the perforations 6 of the flange completely around the bubble device 5 63290, whereby heat and chemical waste products are transferred to the water 21. The heat of the flue gas is also transferred to the heat exchanger 5.

Once the flue gas has escaped from the water and is pushed forward, the heat exchanger 8 cools the flue gas, whereupon it condenses and transfers heat to point 8, after which the flue gas leaves the boiler through the outlet pipe 9 at a low temperature. Point 7 is a heat exchanger that absorbs heat into tap water. Heat exchangers 5 and 8 are used to absorb heat for heating.

Point 12 is a neutralization unit which, if necessary, neutralizes the water 21. Point 11 is a heat pump designed to cool the flue gas to almost complete condensation. The hot part of the heat pump is used to preheat the cold tap water 19 to the inlet pipe 15 of this water heat exchanger 7. Reference is also made to the electronically controlled unit 13 for controlling the start and stop of the heat pump 11 with respect to the oil burner 2 so that they are not opposite.

Another particularly preferred embodiment of the heating plant according to the invention is shown in Figure 2, in which reference numerals less than or equal to 22 have the meanings shown in connection with Figure 1.

The following reference numbers in Figure 1 are missing from this embodiment: 7. Heat exchanger - tap water 10. Cooling medium from the heat pump 11. Heat pump 12. Neutralization device 13. Electronic control 14. Electric cable 15. Hot water from the discharge heat pump 16. Hot tap water outlet point 19. Cold tap water point

This embodiment also includes: 23. Impulse chute 24. Control valve 6 63290 24a. Control valve - detail drawing 24b. Control valve - cold (open) space 24c. Control valve - hot (closed) space 25. Heat exchange water chamber 26. Separator plate between smoke wash water and central heating water.

A more detailed explanation of the various components will become apparent from the following, with items 1-22 being the same as in Figure 1 and items 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 19 not being indicated in this drawing for clarity. In addition, the drawing contains the following components:

Point 23 is an anti-shock device that dampens vibrations in the water mass. Item 24 is a control valve detailed in Figures 24a and 24b (cold) and 24c (hot). Item 25 is a heat exchange water chamber that replaces the tubular heat exchanger of Figure 1. Item 26 is a slab that separates the smoke from the central heating water from the wash water.

The operation of the illustrated embodiment of the heating plant is the same as the operation of the heating plant according to Figure 1, but the following elements have been added:

Point 23 is an anti-shock chute which dampens the vibrations of the water mass 21, especially during a cold start. Item 24 regulates the pressure at start-up inside the bubble device 4, as long as the bubble device 4 and the valve 24 are cold. Item 24a is a detailed drawing of the control valve 24 in which the broken lines show the perforation of the bubble device 4. Item 24b shows the control valve cold. When the burner 2 starts, does the control valve 24 open? after about 1 minute of operation, the control valve 24 closes, as indicated by step 24c. This, together with the impulse chute 23, results in a soft start of the plant and a continuous silent start.

A third particularly preferred embodiment of the heating plant according to the invention is shown in Figure 3, in which reference numerals 1 to 26 denote in principle the same parts as in Figures 1 and 2.

63290 7 The following reference numerals in Figure 1 are missing from this embodiment: 10. Cooling medium from the heat pump 11. Heat pump 12. Neutralization device 13. Electronically controlled 14. Electric cable 15. Hot water from the exhaust heat pump In this embodiment, 8. is replaced by 8a, which is air / air. the cross-flow heat exchanger 17 has been replaced by 17a, which means exhaust heat, heating air 18. has been replaced by 18a, which means return air, heating 25. has been replaced by 25a, which means heat exchange. This embodiment also includes: 27. Circulation pump 28. Air blower 29. Connecting pipes

A more detailed explanation of the various components can be found in the following, where points 1-26 are basically the same as in Figures 1 and 2. However, point 8a is an air / air heat exchanger, point 17a means hot air removal for heating purposes and point 18a means chilled air. return air, possibly mixed with fresh air, point 25a is a heat exchange air chamber, point 27 is a circulation pump that circulates smoke wash water, point 28 is a motorized fan that compresses central heating air around, and point 29 is a connecting pipe between the upper and lower heat exchange sections.

The operation of the illustrated embodiment of the heating plant is similar to that of the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, but with the following modifications or additions: 63290

Instead of the upper heat exchanger 8, which operates on the air / water principle, there is an air / air cross-flow heat exchanger at 8a, whereby the hot flue gas after passing through the bubble device 4 flows through the cross-flow heat exchanger 8a and transfers it to the return air 18a. This returned air 18a is compressed through the connecting pipe 29, passes through the heat exchange air chamber 25a and is compressed out at 17a as hot heating air as the fan 28 circulates the air. Point 27 is a circulating pump which compresses the smoke washing water 21 between the smoke washer 4 and 21 and the water heat exchanger 7, and at the same time the substantially horizontal part 5 of the hood cools down.

Claims (4)

9 63290 A heating plant for heating oil, heating gas or other combustible liquid or gaseous substances, which plant comprises a high-performance, soot-free oil burner (2) and a bubble device (4) made into a dome with perforated (6) sides, the upper parts of the perforations being smoke below the surface of the liquid in the scrubber, characterized in that the side walls of the bubble device (4) have a minimum height of 20-500 mm according to the pressure and volume velocity in normal use, thus avoiding harmful pulses that the bubble device piercings (6) cover during the piercing only and not a bubble below the lower part of the side walls of the bubble device, and that the bubble device (4) also comprises a heat exchanger (5) which cools the substantially horizontal part of the dome. Heating plant according to Claim 1, characterized in that the perforations (6) of the bubble device (4) cover 1 to 50% of the area of the side walls. Heating plant according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the perforations (6) of the bubble device (4) are slits. Heating plant according to Claim 3, characterized in that the slits (6) are formed by forming vertical thin perforations, the side parts thus formed having folds alternately outwards and inwards.