DE3049805A1 - Heating plant - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a heating system for operation with. Heating oil, heating gas or other liquid or gaseous fuels according to the preamble of claim 1.

Because of the global energy crisis, great efforts have been made in the field in recent years the heating systems, in particular the oil-operated heating systems, a full utilization of the fuel obtained from the fuel To achieve warmth. Thus, a high-efficiency burner with a blue flame was developed, the in no case produces soot (see the brochure "Total Combustion" RE by M.A.N. Brennerbau, Rossweg 6, 2000 Hamburg). Even with such a burner, the consumption restriction in heating mode is not ideal, since part of the Heat from the combustion gas is dissipated unused in the chimney air. In connection with such a burner is attempts have been made to regenerate the unused heat dissipated in the chimney air, but so far without great success. In this connection is referred to in "IngeniszSren", No. 49

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published December 8, 1978 article entitled "Oliefyret minikedel uden forurening Og med 100% nyttevirkning" (Environmentally friendly oil-heated mini boiler with 100% efficiency).

The invention is based on the object of creating a heating system according to the preamble of claim 1, which is more economical in heating mode than conventional heating systems of this type.

The heating system according to the invention is characterized by that specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 Characteristics. The surprising finding was made that the heating system according to the invention is in heating mode is considerably more economical than conventional systems of this type.

In the heating system according to the invention, the heat generated by the flame is first in the usual way by means of a or several heat exchangers that are connected to the combustion chamber are used. After that, the combustion gas is through let the beading device bubble through, in which the surface on which takes place becomes one with increasing smoke pressure makes up an increasing proportion of the penetration area. In the present description and in the claims the washer is understood to mean the beading device filled with water. In this context it is of the utmost importance that uses the high efficiency burner which does not generate soot in any form otherwise the pearling device would be clogged in a short time. It has surprisingly turned out that the beading device formed in this way from the water vapor present, which is caused by the combustion and by that in the combustion gas prevailing heat has arisen, which can absorb the heat of condensation in a very effective way. In addition, the surprising finding was made that

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the heat exchanger, which cools the at least approximately horizontal section of the dome, for the heating system according to the invention is necessary because the approximately horizontal section of the beading device will otherwise increase during operation would be hot and thus deformed. This would run the great risk that some of the penetrations above the liquid level are relocated in the beading device and thus the effectiveness of the heating system is greatly reduced. This is true if the bead device made of metal, preferably made of stainless or corrosion-resistant steel, your usual material is produced. If the bead device is made of ceramic material, for example, the heat exchanger is which cools the approximately horizontal section of the beading device, not absolutely necessary.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has that in the characterizing part of the claim 2 specified features. This achieves a particularly economical heating operation.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has that in the characterizing part of the claim 3 specified features. This achieves an exceptionally good absorption of the heat content of the combustion gas in the smoke scrubber, as there are unwanted pulsations is avoided.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 4. This is in contrast in cases where the penetrations are hole-shaped, a more reliable combustion without the undesirable pulsation achieved. From a technical point of view, this is an exceptionally good embodiment for the manufacture of the bead device.

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A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has that in the characterizing part of the claim 5 specified features. This achieves an exceptionally good utilization of the heat in the combustion gas.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has the features indicated in the characterizing part of claim 6. This is going to be an extraordinary one good utilization of the heat in the combustion gas and therefore an extraordinarily high overall efficiency of the heating system achieved as a whole. The heat in the combustion gas can therefore be used particularly well because the The temperature in the condensation pipe coil of the heat pump is far below the temperature of the cold branch in the other Heat exchanger can be lowered. It is therefore of the utmost importance that the heat pump Ln of the invention Heating system is the device that absorbs the least heat. With proper operation it can be achieved that the section of the chimney located downstream of the cooling pipe coil of the heat pump is no longer a chimney, but acts as an air duct. The time segment in which the heat pump has to work can, for example, be the time segment during which the heating system is switched on plus a certain period of e.g. 2 (two) Minutes after switching off the heating system. The various heat exchangers in the heating system according to the invention can work separately or in any combination. However, if the heating system has a heat pump, it must always be disconnected work.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention has that in the characterizing part of the claim 7 specified features. The anti-vibration trough must have ample penetrations for smoke pipe and connecting pipes to the heat exchangers, and it has

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found that the anti-vibration trays reduce the vibrations in the water mass of the smoke scrubber, which in particular when the burner is switched on, suppress. This also improves the efficiency of the heating operation.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system the invention has the features indicated in the characterizing part of claim 8. This causes the combustion process initiated without vibrations being triggered. The bypass valve controlled by a bimetal element is advantageously designed so that it closes as soon as the burner has worked for about a minute, whereupon the full performance of the beading device is achieved. With this embodiment, the economy of the heating operation further increased.

It seems that the heating system according to the invention with oil heating an utilization of the heat of the oil of 107 percent of its lower calorific value and boi gas heating with certain Fuel gases, i.e. with natural gas, a utilization of 110 percent, also calculated on the lower calorific value of these gases, can achieve, in both cases even without a heat pump.

In Fig. 1 a particularly preferred embodiment is shown. The individual components of this embodiment of the heating system according to the invention are shown below listed:

1. Oven chamber

2nd burner

3. Smoke pipe

4. Combustion gas pan

5. Water cooling

6.Slots in smoke trays (bead device)

7. Heat exchanger - tap water

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8. Heat exchanger - heating

9. Discharge pipe - combustion air

10. Heat pump coolant

11. Heat pump

12. Neutralizer, electronically controlled

13. Electronic control device for controlling the 01 burner in relation to the heat pump

14. electrical cable

15. Hot water from the heat pump discharge

16. Drainage - warm tap water

17. Discharge - warm heating water:

18. Return water - heating (from the radiators)

19. Inlet for cold tap water

20. Overflow
21 '. water
22. Boiler

A more detailed description of the individual components follows: Point 22 shows a complete boiler unit in which Point 1 the furnace chamber, point 2 an oil burner working with a blue flame, point 3 the combustion gas valve, Point 4 of the dome (beading device) with interspersed sides, point 6, and point 5 is a heat exchanger. Point 7 is a heat exchanger for warm tap water. Point 8 is a flue gas condensation heat exchanger, and period

9 is the actual combustion gas discharge pipe. Point 10 is a pipe with cooled coolant, point 11 is a heat pump unit. Point 12 is a neutralization unit and point 13 is an electronic control unit, whereas under point 14 cables are indicated with which to Control purposes the boiler and the heat pump are connected. Point 15 shows a pipe that carries hot water from the heat pump leads. Point 16 is the drain for tap water, point 17 is the drain for heating water. Point 18 shows Return water from the heating, point 19 the inlet for cold tap water. Point 20 shows an overflow pipe and point 21 is water.

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The mode of operation of the illustrated embodiment of the heating system is as follows:

Point 22 shows the boiler. The burner 2 burns in the furnace chamber 1, from which the combustion gas flows up through the Flue pipe 3 is ejected. When the combustion gas hits the beading device 4, it presses itself over the entire circumference the beading device due to the pressure generated with bubbles forming through the penetrations 6 and transmits in this way heat and chemical waste products on the water 21. The combustion gas heat also transfers heat onto the heat exchanger 5. After it has emerged from the water, the combustion gas is pressed further and from the heat exchanger 8 cooled, as a result of which it condenses and gives off heat to the heat exchanger 8. The combustion gas then enters with it low temperature through the discharge pipe 9 through from the boiler. Point 7 is a heat exchanger that absorbs heat and gives off to tap water. The heat exchangers 5 and 8 are used to absorb heat for heating purposes. Point 12 is a neutralization unit that neutralizes the water 21 if necessary. Point 11 is a heat pump whose The task is to cool the combustion gas down to almost complete condensation. The hot side of the The heat pump is used to preheat the cold tap water 19 which is supplied to the inlet 15 to the tap water heat exchanger 7 flows in. Furthermore, reference is made to an electronically controlled device 13, the task of which is the heat pump 11 to switch on and off depending on the oil burner 2 in order to rule out mutual interference.

Another particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2, in which the reference numerals up to and including the reference numeral 22 have the meanings given in connection with FIG.

In this embodiment, the following reference symbols given in FIG. 1 are missing:

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7. Heat exchanger - tap water

10. Coolant from the heat pump

11. Heat pump

12. Neutralizer

13. electronic control device

14. electrical cable

15. Hot water from the heat pump drain 1.6. Drainage - warm tap water 19. Inlet for cold tap water

This embodiment also has:

23. Vibration protection tray

24. Diverting valve

24a bypass valve - detailed drawing

24b 'Diverting valve - cold or open position 24c bypass valve - V / arm or closed position

25. Heat exchanging water chamber

26. Separation plate between smoke scrubber water and central heating water

A more detailed description of the various components results from the following, since points 1 to 22 are the same as in Fig. 1 and the points 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 19 for the sake of clarity in this Drawing are not entered. In addition, the drawing contains components that result from the following: Point 23 is a vibration protection pan, which suppresses the vibrations in the body of water. Point 24 is a bypass valve, which is designated in the detail drawing with 24a, 24b (cold) and 24c (warm). Point 25 is a heat exchanging one Water chamber which replaces the tubular heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1. Point 26 is a record that does that Separates central heating water from the smoke washing water.

The mode of operation of the illustrated embodiment of the heating system is the same as that of the heating system according to FIG. 1,

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however, additionally contains the following elements:

Point 23 is a vibration protection trough, which suppresses the vibrations in the water mass 21, especially at Switching on when cold. Point 24 redirects the pressure inside the beading device 4 when it is switched on until how the beading device 4 and the valve 24 are cold. Point 24a is a detailed drawing of the bypass valve 24, with the dashed line shows a penetration in the beading device 4. Point 24b is the bypass valve in cold position. When the burner 2 is switched on, the bypass valve 24 is opened. It closes as in point 24c shown after an operating time of about one minute. • Together with the vibration protection trough 23, this ensures a soft switch-on and a steady, quiet operation of the system.

A third particularly preferred embodiment of the heating system according to the invention is shown in FIG which the reference numerals 1 to 26 basically have the same meaning have as indicated in connection with Figs.

In this embodiment, the following are missing in FIG. 1 specified reference numbers:

10. Coolant from the heat pump

11. Heat pump
1.2. Neutralizer

13. electronic control device

14. electrical cable

15. Hot water from the heat pump discharge

In this embodiment the following are replaced:

8. through an air / air cross-flow heat exchanger 8a,

17. through a heat dissipation - hot air - 17a,

18. by return air - heating - 18a,

25. by a heat exchanging air chamber 25a.

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This embodiment also includes:

27. a circulation pump,

28. a fan,

29. Connecting pipes.

A more detailed description of the individual components results from the following, with points 1 to 26 in principle have the same meaning as indicated in connection with FIGS. However, point 8a is air-to-air heat exchanger, point 17a a warm air discharge for heating purposes, point 18a the cooled return air, the fresh air can be mixed, point 25a a heat-exchanging air chamber, point 27 a circulation pump for circulating the smoke scrubber water, Point 28 a motor-driven fan that circulates the central heating air, and point 29 a connecting pipe between the upper and lower heat exchanging part.

The mode of operation of the illustrated embodiment of the heating system is similar to that of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, but has the following changes or additions on:

The upper heat exchanger 8, in which the heat exchange between air and water takes place, is through an air / air cross-flow heat exchanger 8a replaced, since the hot combustion gases after passing through the beading device 4 the Flow through cross-flow heat exchanger 8a and give off their heat to the return air 18a from the heater. This returned Air 18a is forced through the connecting pipe 29, flows through the heat exchanging air chamber 25a and is ejected through the heat dissipation 17a as warm heating air when the fan 28 circulates the air. Point 27 is a circulation pump, which circulates the smoke washer water 21 between the smoke washer 4 and 21 and the tap water heat exchanger 7. At the same time, the approximately horizontal section of the dome 5 is cooled.

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Claims (8)

-Ji- claims 1. J Heating system for operation with heating oil, heating gas or other liquid or gaseous fuels with a non-sooty high-performance blue burner and a dome-shaped bead device with interspersed sides, in which the parts of the penetrations furthest up are lower than the level of the liquid in the Smoke scrubbers are arranged, characterized in that the side walls of the beading device, depending on the pressure and the volumetric speed prevailing during normal operation, have a minimum height between 20 and 500 mm, thereby avoiding unwanted pulsation that the proportion of penetrations of the beading device on the surface of the side walls is such that, during normal operation, the combustion gas stream only flows through the penetrations and does not generate bubbles below the lower portion of the side walls of the beading device, and that the beading device also has a heat exchanger which the cools in the approximately horizontal section of the cathedral. 2. Heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further includes one of the beading device downstream heat exchanger contains. 3. Heating system according to claims 1 and 2, thereby ge indicates that the penetrations of the beading device are between 1 and 50 percent of the area of the side walls turn off. 4. Heating system according to claims 1 to 3, thereby ge indicates that the penetrations of the beading device are slit-like. / 12 230608/0048 5. Heating system according to claims 1 to 4, thereby ge indicates that the slots have been designed by creating narrow vertical penetrations, wherein outwardly and inwardly curved portions of the side sections thus designed alternate with one another. 6. Heating system according to claims 1 to 5, characterized ge indicates that an evaporator coil of the heat pump behind the smoke scrubber on a downstream from the heat exchanger is connected to the combustion gas pipe and the heat pump is designed in such a way that that it can only be switched on during periods which correspond to the periods in which the heating system works, are coordinated. 7. Heating system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that under the beading device a vibration protection pan is arranged, which thereby the Shape of a container .hat, the bottom of which rests against the lower edge of the side walls of the beading device or below this level is arranged and the upper portion of its side walls is arranged above the liquid level. 8. Heating system according to claims 1 to 7, characterized ge indicates that a bimetallic element in the side walls of the beading device above the liquid level controlled relief valve is arranged, which thereby opened at low temperature and at closed at high temperature. 230608/0048