FR2463895A1 - HEATING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

HEATING SYSTEM COMPRISING A BLUE FLAME BURNER 2 AND A SPRING DEVICE 4 IN THE FORM OF A DOME 4 WITH INDENT SIDES 6 AND A HEAT EXCHANGER 8 DOWNSTREAM OF THE SPRING DEVICE, THE INDENTATIONS 6 OF THE SPRING DEVICE SPRING HAVING A MINIMUM HEIGHT BETWEEN 20 AND 500MM; A HEAT EXCHANGER 5 COOLS THE DOME 4 AND A CONDENSATION COIL 10 FROM A HEAT PUMP 11 MAY BE PROVIDED DOWNSTREAM OF THE EXCHANGER 8 LOCATED DOWNSTREAM OF THE SPRING DEVICE 4; UNWANTED PULSATIONS MAY BE SUPPRESSED BY AN ANTI-PULSATION TRAY, AND A BYPASS VALVE ASSOCIATED WITH INDENTATIONS; THIS INSTALLATION ALLOWS A VERY IMPORTANT HEATING SAVING.

Description

Heating installation.

  The invention relates to a heating oil, fuel gas or other combustible liquids or gaseous materials heating installation, comprising a blue flame burner, without soot and having a good efficiency, and a bubbling device being in the form of a dome with indented sides, the highest parts of the indentations being below the level of the liquid in the smoke washer. Because of the global energy crisis, a great effort has been made in recent years to make full use of the heat supplied by fuels in the

  heating systems, in particular ins-

oil heating plants. Thus, a burner having a good efficiency with a blue flame has been developed, which is a burner which in no case makes soot (brochure "Verbrennung total" RE by M.A.N. Brennerbau, Rossweg 6, 2000 Hamburg). Even with such a burner, the heating economy is not ideal, since part of the heat produced by the blue flame is lost in the air of the chimney. In such a burner we tried to regenerate the heat lost in the air of the chimney, but so far without much success. On this subject, we refer to an article in "Ingenioren" no 49, December 8, 1978 (Oliefyret minikedel uden forurening og med 100% nyttevirkning ", (" Mini-burner treated with oil, pollution-free and with a yield of%). The invention proposes to provide an installation for

  heating of the above type, which provides better economy

  more heating than pre-

laughs of this type.

  The heating installation according to the invention is ca-

  reacts in that the side walls of the bubbling device have, depending on the pressure and the volumetric flow during normal operation, a height

  minimum between 20 and 500 mm, which avoids pulp

  not desired, that the indentations of the bubbling device occupy such a proportion of the surface of the side walls that the stream of combustion gas, during

  normal operation, only circulates in the indenta-

  tions and does not paddle below the lower part of the side walls of the bubbling device, and that the bubbling device also comprises a heat exchanger which cools the substantially horizontal part of the dome. Surprisingly, it has been found that the heating installation according to the invention provides a significantly greater heating economy than the heating installations.

existing heaters of this type.

In the heating installation according to the invention, the heat from the flame is first of all used normally by one or more heat exchangers

  which are placed in communication with the combustion chamber

tion. Next, the combustion gases are bubbled through the bubbling device in which the zone where bubbling takes place takes up all the more space as the smoke pressure is high. According to the invention, the washing device is a device for bubbling with water. In this regard, it is crucial to use a burner with a

good performance, without any soot formation, otherwise the

  bubbling positive would lock up after a short time.

  It has been found that a bubbling device having this

constitution can absorb particularly effectively

  this the heat of condensation from the available water vapor that formed during combustion at the same

  time as the heat contained in the flue gases.

  Furthermore, surprisingly, it has been found that the heat exchanger, which cools the substantially horizontal part of the dome, is necessary in the heating installation.

according to the invention, because otherwise the sensitive part

horizontal bubbling device would become very hot during operation and therefore

would distort, which would translate into a risk that some

  indentations are located above the level of the liquid in the bubbling device, thereby reducing

greatly increases the efficiency of the heating installation.

  This applies to the case where the bubbling device consists of a metal, preferably stainless steel,

which is the material normally used for the disposi-

  bubbling tif. When the bubbling device is made of ceramic material for example, the heat exchanger which cools the substantially horizontal part of the bubbling device is not compulsory. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating installation also comprises a heat exchanger downstream from the bubbling device. This ensures

a particularly significant saving in heating.

  According to another preferred embodiment of the in-

  vention, the indentations of the bubbling device occu-

between 1% and 50% of the surface of the side walls. This-

this ensures extremely efficient absorption of the heat contained in the combustion gases in the smoke washer,

  since this avoids unwanted pulsations.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the indentations of the bubbling device are in the form of slots. This results in a more reliable combustion without unwanted pulsations compared to the case where the indentations are in the form of holes. Of

  from a technical point of view, this is a very good mode of realization

tion for the manufacture of the bubbling device.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the

slits are formed by providing thin green indentations

tical and alternately folding the side parts

of these indentations outward and inward.

  This ensures a very good use of heat in

combustion gases.

  According to yet another characteristic of the invention, an evaporating coil from a heat pump is

  associated with the flue gas line downstream of the

heat changer, after the smoke washer, and the thermo-

  pump is arranged to operate only during certain time intervals which are related to the intervals

  of time during which the heating system operates

  fage. This ensures extremely efficient use of the

heat in the flue gases and therefore an increase in

overall extremely high overall heating installation

  fage. This extremely efficient use of heat in the flue gases can be achieved by the fact that the

  temperature in the condensing coil of the thermo-

pump can be brought to a value much lower than the temperature of the cold part in the other heat exchangers. It is therefore of the utmost importance

  that the heat pump is the last absorption device

heat in the following heating installation

  the invention. During correct operation, it is pos-

likely to get only the part of the chimney downstream of the heat pump cooling coil

  no longer has the character of a fireplace but that of a

air pick. The time interval during which the thermo-

pump must operate can for example be the time interval during which the heating installation operates,

plus a certain interval, for example two minutes, a-

  near the shutdown of the heating system. The different

  heat exchangers in the following heating system

before the invention may operate separately or in combination

  arbitrary reasons. However, the heat pump, if it does

  part of the heating system, must always function

seperate separately.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, an anti-pulsation plate is arranged below the bubbling device, this anti-pulsation plate having the shape of a reservoir, the bottom of which is at or below the

lower edge of the side walls of the barbe-

floor, and the upper part of the side walls of which

  located above the liquid level. The anti-pulp tray

  sations must have deep indentations for the smoke pipes and the connecting pipes with the heat exchangers, and the anti-pulsation plates have been found to suppress vibrations in the mass

  of water from the smoke washer, appearing in particular during

  burner operation, which further improves the economy of

heater.

According to yet another characteristic of the invention, a safety valve controlled by a bimetallic strip is mounted

in the side walls of the bubbling device above

  above the liquid level, this safety valve being ou-

  green at low temperature and closed at high temperature. Thus, the combustion process starts without pulsations. The bypass valve controlled by a bimetallic strip is advantageously designed so as to close when the burner has been operating for approximately one minute, after which

maximum efficiency of the bubbling device is obtained.

This further increases the heating economy.

  It turns out that the following heating installation

  the invention achieves a use of each

their fuel 107% of the calorific value in-

lower in the case of fuel oil, and 110% in the case of certain combustible gases, i.e. natural gas, in

both cases even without a heat pump.

The present invention will be better understood with the aid of the description.

  next of several preferred but not limited embodiments

  mitatives shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

  - Figure 1 is a diagram of a first embodiment

preferred station of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a second embodiment

preferred station of the invention;

  - Figures 2a, 2b, 2c show details of the installation

tion of Figure 2; and

  - Figure 3 is a diagram of a third embodiment of

preferred reading of the invention.

  The constituent elements of the embodiment represented

shown in figure 1 are summarized below 1. combustion chamber 2. burner 3. smoke pipe 4. flue gas tray 5. water cooling 6. slots in the smoke trays (device bubbling) 7. heat exchanger - tap water 8. heat exchanger - heating 9. exhaust pipe - combustion air 10. cooling agents from the heat pump 11. heat pump 12. neutralizer, electronically controlled

  13. electronic oil burner control in operation

heat pump 14. electrical cable 15. hot water from the heat pump 16. drain - hot tap water 17. drain - hot heating water.

  18. return water - heating (from radia-.

  ) 19. cold tap water inlet 20. too full 21. water

22. boiler.

  In more detail, reference 22 designates a boiler in which reference 1 designates the combustion chamber and reference 2 designates a blue flame oil burner, reference-3 designates the combustion gas valve, and reference 4 designates the dome (bubbling device) with indented sides 6, and a heat exchanger at 5. The reference 7 designates a heat exchanger (domestic water)

  for hot tap water / Reference 8 designates a

  heat exchanger for the condensation of combustion gases, and reference 9 designates the exhaust gas pipe

combustion. Reference 10 designates a pipe or circuit

  for cooled coolants, the benchmark

11 denotes a heat pump. Reference 12 designates a uni-

  neutralization tee, the reference 13 designates an electronic control unit in which the reference 14 designates cables which connect the boiler and the heat pump, in

  regarding the order. Reference 15 designates a con-

  pick o circulates hot water from the heat pump.

  Reference 16 designates the evacuation of tap water, reference 17 designates the evacuation of heating water. The

  reference 18 designates the return water from the heating. The ref-

  rence 19 designates the inlet of cold tap water. The re-

  reference 20 designates a pipe serving as an overflow and the

reference 21 designates water.

The operation of this embodiment of the ins-

  heating plant according to the invention is as follows

Reference 22 designates the boiler. The burner

zout 2 opens into the combustion chamber 1 from which the combustion gas is sent into the smoke pipe 3. When the combustion gas strikes the bubbling device 4, the pressure developed causes the combustion gas to bubble through the indentations 6 provided all around the bubbling device, thereby transferring heat and

  residual chemicals in water 21. Combustion gas

tion also transfers heat to exchanger 5. A

once the flue gas has come out of the water and is

  trailed, it is cooled by the heat exchanger 8, the

lo combustion gas being condensed and transferring heat

  them to 8, after which this combustion gas leaves the boiler

re by the discharge line 9, at a low temperature.

Reference 7 designates a heat exchanger which absorbs

  heat to transfer it to tap water. The swaps

heat geurs- 5 and 8 are used to absorb heat

heat for heating.

  The reference 12 designates a neutralization unit which neutralizes the water 21 (tsi necessary). Reference 11 designates a heat pump intended to cool the combustion gas until almost complete condensation. The hot part of

  the heat pump is used to preheat the tap water

  net cold 19 arriving at the entrance 15-of the heat exchanger

  their 7. The purpose of the electronic control unit 13 is to control the starting and stopping of the heat pump 11 as a function of the oil burner 2 so that their effects do not

not oppose.

Another preferred embodiment of the heating installation is shown in FIG. 2 in which the references less than or equal to 22 denote the same

elements as in Figure 1.

This embodiment does not include the following elements of FIG. 1: 7. heat exchanger - tap water

10. coolants from thermo

  pump 11. heat pump 12. neutralizer 13. electronic control 14. electric cable 15. hot water from the heat pump 16. hot tap water discharged

  19. cold tap water inlet.

  On the other hand, this embodiment comprises 23. anti-pulsation plate 24. bypass valve 24a. bypass valve - detail drawing 24b. bypass valve - open position (cold) 24c. bypass valve - closed position (hot) 25. chamber for water exchanging heat 26. separation plate between the water from the smoke washer

and central heating water.

  The various elements will be described in more detail below, insofar as the references 1 to 22 correspond to the same elements as in FIG. 1 and o

  elements 7, 10, - 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 19 are not re-

presented for clarity.

  Reference 23 designates an anti-pulsation plate which suppresses vibrations in the body of water. Reference 24 designates a bypass valve which is shown at 24a, 24b (cold) and 24c (hot). Reference 25 designates a chamber for water exchanging heat which replaces

the heat exchanger 7 of FIG. 1. The reference 26 denotes

  signs a plaque separating water from central heating from

smoke wash water.

  The operation of this embodiment of the ins-

  heating plant is the same as that of the installation

  tion of FIG. 1, with addition of the following elements: The reference 23 designates an anti-pulsation plate which suppresses the vibrations in the body of water 21, in particular in the event of cold starting. The valve 24 is used to bypass the

pressure inside the bubbling device 4 upon

marrage as long as the bubbler 4 and the valve 24 are cold. The reference 24a designates a detail view (FIG. 2a) of the bypass valve 24 in which the dotted line represents the pressure in the device for

  bubbling 4. Reference 24b / designates the bypass valve

  tion in the cold state. When the burner 2 starts, the bypass valve is open; after about 1 minute of operation, the bypass valve 24 closes

  as shown in 24W eM in association with the plac-

  anti-pulsation plate 23, ensures a soft start and a

continuous silent operation of the installation.

A third preferred embodiment of the heating installation according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3, in which the references 1 to 26 denote

  the same elements as in FIGS. 1 and 2.

  This embodiment does not include the following elements of FIG. 1:

10. coolants from thermo

pump 11. heat pump 12. neutralizer 13. electronic control 14. electric cable

15. hot water from the heat pump.

  In this embodiment, 8 is replaced by 8a, which is an air / air cross-circulation heat exchanger, 17 is replaced by 17a, which is exhaust air, heating air, 18 is replaced by 18a, which is return air, heating, 25 is replaced by 25a, which is a room for

air exchanging heat.

  This embodiment also includes 27. circulation pump 28. fan

29. connecting pipes.

  The constituent elements are described in more detail in the following, the references 1 to 26 designating the same elements as with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. It will be noted

however that the reference 8a designates a heat exchanger

  their air-air, which the reference 17a designates an evacuation

  of hot air for heating and that the reference 18a desi-

gne cooled return air, possibly mixed with fresh air, that the reference 25a designates a chamber for air exchanging heat, that the reference 27 designates a circulation pump which circulates the water from

smoke washing, which reference 28 designates a ventilation

  with a motor that stirs the air from the central heating, and that the reference 29 designates a connection pipe between the upper and lower parts exchanging heat.

The operation of this embodiment is simi-

  to that of the installations of FIGS. 1 and 2, with the following differences:

  Instead of the upper heat exchanger 8 in the-

  which exchange takes place between air and water, the exchange

  geur 8a is a cross-circulation heat exchanger, since the hot combustion gas, once it has passed through the bubbler 4, passes through the cross-circulation heat exchanger 8a and transfers

heat to the return air from the heater 18a.

  This return air 18a is sent into the connection line.

  29 and passes through the heat exchange chamber 2-5a and is discharged through 17a in the form of hot heating air, since the fan 28 circulates the air. The

  reference 27 designates a circulation pump which circulates

  pour the wash water 21 of the smoke between the smoke washer

mée 4,21 and the heat exchanger 7 for tap water; at the same time the substantially horizontal part of the dome

is cooled, in 5.

  As goes without saying, and as it already follows from the foregoing, the invention is in no way limited to those of its embodiments and of application which have been more especially envisaged; on the contrary, it embraces

all variants.

he

Claims (8)

  1. Oil, fuel gas heating installation or other combustible liquids or gaseous materials, both a blue flame burner, without soot and having a good performance, and a bubbling device being in the form of a dome with indented sides, the highest parts of the indentations being below the level of the liquid in the smoke washer, characterized in   that the side walls of the bubbling device have   tooth, as a function of pressure and volumetric flow during normal operation, a minimum height   taken between 20 and 500 mm, which avoids unwanted pulsations, that the indentations of the bubbling device   occupy such a proportion of the surface of the side walls than the flue gas stream, during operation   normal operation, only circulates in the indentations and does not bubble below the lower part of the side walls of the bubbling device, and that the bubbling device also includes a heat exchanger which cools the substantially horizontal part of the dome. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a heat exchanger in downstream of the bubbling device.   3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, ca-   characterized in that the indentations of the bar device   botage occupy between lJet 50% of the surface of the walls teral. 4. Installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, ca- characterized in that the indentations of the bar device botage are in the form of slots.   5. Installation according to any one of claims there 4, ca-   characterized in that the slots are formed by sparing thin vertical indentations and folding alternative-   the lateral parts of these outward indentations laughing and inward.   6. Installation according to any one of claims there 5, ca- characterized in that an evaporation coil from   of a heat pump is associated with the gas line   bustion downstream of the heat exchanger, after the scrubber   smoke, and the heat pump is arranged so that it does not   that during certain time intervals which are linked to the time intervals during which the the heating system.   7. Installation according to any one of claims - to 6, ca- characterized in that an anti-pulsation plate is arranged below the bubbling device, this anti-pulp tray   sations in the form of a reservoir with a bottom at or below the lower edge of the side walls of the bubbling device, and the upper part of which side walls is above the liquid level.   8. Installation according to any one of claims there 7, ca-   characterized in that a safety valve controlled by a bimetallic strip is mounted in the side walls of the bubbling device above the level of the liquid, this safety valve being open at a low temperature and closed at an important temperature.