FI61452C - OVER ANCHORAGE FOR THE AOTSKILJANDE AV MONTAGEDELAR FRON VARANDRA - Google Patents

Description

ΓοΊ ANNOUNCEMENT ™ (11) UTLÄCCNINGSSKIUFT 0 * 452 (45) Patent ΐ: 1 d: 1 ut ^ ^ ^ (51) Ky.lk.3 / lnc.CI.3 B 65 G 47/12 FINLAND — FINLAND pi) ρ * «^ Μΐϋ -ρ ·« · ηβΜίΐ «ΐιΐ | 753 * + 72 (22) Htkemlipllvi - AmSkninisdtg 10.12.75 ^ ^ (23) ANcupUvi— GlMghutadpg 10.12.75 (41) Tullut lulklMkal - Bllvit offuntllg] _1 φ q6 76 tamttl- J. r «klat * rihallitu« (44) ,. _ '/ O.

Patent · och ragictarttyralsan AmMcm utlagd och uti. * Kriit «n publicurad (32) (33) (31) Pursued« tuguu * —Bugird priority 13.12.7 h 2Ο.Ο5.75 Austria-Österrike (AT) A 9988 / 71 A 3826/75 (71) Walter Sticht, Wankhamerstrasse 8, Attnang-Puchheim, Austria-Austria (AT) (72) Walter Sticht, Attnang-Puchheim, Wolfgang Steinleitner, Attnang-Puchheim, Austria-Austria (AT) (7I) The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for removing detached or adhering mounting parts from one another to a detachable or adhering mounting part. from which the mounting parts are separated from an unorganized batch of interlocking mounting parts and from each other by mutual movement and the separated mounting parts are led to at least one receiving point.

These separable mounting parts can be springs, in particular coil springs, torsion springs, conical springs, circuit breaker contacts, electronic components such as transistors, or pins, pipe pieces, plates and the like, each mounting part itself also comprising two or more interconnected parts. Such mounting parts are used to a large extent, above all in series production, and must be installed in place one by one and often also in a certain position.

Until now, the known devices are only suitable for a single well-defined group of mounting parts, such as cylindrical mounting parts of the same size, support bolts or plates. In all known devices, the aim is in principle to separate and straighten the mounting parts in the same place, the separable parts being fed into or with which they are moved and then removed through outlets which pass through a single mounting part at a time. In order to achieve the necessary movement of the mounting parts, a substance, in particular air or liquid, is preferably sprayed or blown into the tank. In addition, a known device has a motor-driven mixing arm i in the tank.

One known device for separating springs and small tubular pieces has an upright cylindrical container which can be loaded in parts and has diagonally upwardly directed nozzles at the bottom, by means of which compressed air can be supplied to the container so that the mounting parts in the container mix. Outlet nozzles with an inner cross-sectional area only slightly smaller than the cylinder diameter of the springs or pipes lead out of the tank jacket at an angle. There are small air outlets around these nozzles. Only mounting parts that are ejected towards the orifice and whose axis is in the same line as the orifice axis can pass through the nozzles. Thus, very large amounts of springs must be moved before one can exit through the outlet. For this reason, the number of adjusted mounting parts is very small in terms of cost. The nozzles can become clogged at their ends with the mounting parts attached to each other, in the case of sensitive mounting parts there is a lot of wear and tear, and in addition the mounting parts left in the tank but moving back into the warehouse can catch on again. All other known devices of this type have similar drawbacks.

In the construction of all these known devices, it has not been taken into account that in many installation tasks it is sufficient if the installation parts are moved to the installation site only loose but not straightened. The need to supply separated parts arises not only in the case of generally symmetrical parts suitable for separation, 61452 but also in the case of several smaller asymmetrical parts, as already tentatively explained above, which also include retaining rings, capacitors, resistors, etc. due to adhesion, remain interdependent, which is why detachment is also necessary for these as well.

The object of the invention is to provide a device with a simple structure, by means of which it is possible to separate the mounting parts even when their shape is irregular, whereby the efficiency of the device is good, i.e. the movement parts are small per separated mounting part, and which is suitable for separating different mounting parts. for handling various mounting parts and which is also useful for parts with a sensitive surface, such as precious metal coated parts.

The features of the method and device according to the invention appear from the appended claims.

The invention is based on the premise that it is irrational to expose the mounting parts again to the risk of adhesion after mixing or separation. For this reason, the removal is already performed when at least a predetermined degree of disintegration has been reached. Since several mounting parts are able to pass through the outlet, there is no risk that the mounting parts become trapped in the area of the outlet and the parts can also pass through this outlet in several mutual positions relative to each other. In the area of the unloading site, it is largely avoided that the parts do not stick together again.

The device is suitable for various mounting parts and can be easily modified to suit special tasks. When straightening of the parts is desired or necessary, a straightening station is installed behind the separating device, in which the parts are brought to a certain position, parts which deviate from the correct position or are still attached to each other are removed. This removal of the still attached parts has the advantage that the separation itself can take place very gently. For certain mounting parts, a certain degree of separation is achieved in a certain processing time. In known devices * 61452, only the separated mounting parts can be removed, which is why the pre-treatment to achieve the separation must be done very carefully. In comparison, only a relatively short processing time is usually required to detach weakly adhered parts from the firmly adhered mass. When the parts still attached to each other and discarded in the separator are returned to the separation treatment, each part must, on average, be exposed to the effect of the separator only to such an extent that it corresponds to the degree of adhesion to the other parts. Two or more receiving containers with a discharge device forming a separating device per se can also be connected in series, the relatively simple sorting device which has a good resolution of the device.

The following vortex chambers can be used for separation. However, a particularly simple embodiment comprises that the discharge device comprises a circular ridge below the filling height of the receiving tank forming at least one storage tank, which is in the shape of a rotating body in its basic shape and rotates about its axis and feeds the mounting parts in the storage tank individually.

Even a simple feed brush is enough to remove individual parts from a warehouse of interlocking mounting parts. The bristle density, the position of the bristles, the position of the other brush equipment and the compressive force of the brush against the abutment surface cooperating with it must be selected according to the mounting parts to be mixed. In the simplest case, a brush with radial bristles and a support surface at a distance approximately equal to the length of the brush are used so that the brush, as it rotates, conveys parts along the support surface. The passage gap between the interior of the brush and the abutment surface must be larger than the smaller main dimension of the parts to be separated. Several complementary conveyor brushes can be placed along a predetermined conveying path of the mounting parts, in which case, for example, the brushes closest to the storage tank perform the separation ** '5 61452 and the other brushes straighten the individual parts and convey them in conveyor chutes or similar.

A longitudinal conveyor acting as a linear conveyor with conveying conveyor grooves with a projection surface corresponding to the profile of the mounting parts can be used to straighten the individual parts and further convey them. By arranging a plurality of linear conveyors in succession so that their conveying directions intersect and by placing discharge devices, guide surfaces or similar parts in a position deviating from a predetermined position, the more complex parts can also be adjusted to precisely defined positions. The first linear conveyor thus determines, for example, on which surface the parts should rest. In the next or subsequent linear conveyors, a gradual adjustment of the support surface axis to a certain position is then performed. in the case of parts deviating from this prescribed position.

Other details and advantages of the structure according to the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawing.

In the drawing, the structure according to the invention is illustrated by means of an example in which

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a simple device for separating mounting parts attached to each other,

Fig. 2 shows a device for separating and straightening the mounting parts in a manner similar to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 has the same purpose as the device of Fig. 2, but in which the arrangement of the interconnected structural groups is different, and

Fig. 4 is a side view of the top of the linear conveyor used in the straightening position.

Figures 5, 6 and 7 show sections along lines V-V, VI-VI and VII-VII in Figure 4.

The device according to Figure 1 comprises a base plate 1 to which vertical side walls 2 are attached at a distance from each other. These side walls 2 can be parallel or also divergent to the left.

6 61452

A sheet-shaped storage container 5 is formed by means of sheet metal plates 3, 4 fixed between the side walls, the bottom of which has an outlet 6 formed by the gap between the sheet metal plates 3a, 4a facing each other, which in the construction example is than the smaller main dimension of the detachable mounting parts. In the rest position, the storage tank 6 has a conveying brush consisting of an inner part 7 and bristles 8 closing the outlet opening 6, which is rotated clockwise by a motor 9 shown in broken lines. The distance of the inner part 7 from the sheet metal plate 4a is larger than the smaller main dimension of the separable mounting parts, i.e. in the case of elongate cylindrical mounting parts it is larger than the largest diameter of the mounting parts.

At the same time, the outlet opening 6 forms the inlet opening of the second vortex chamber 10a forming the receiving container, bounded downwards by a plate-shaped part 11 which first runs from right to left approximately horizontally between the side walls 2 and then curves obliquely upwards into a part 11a with an inner surface 6. below there is a nozzle beam 13 which supports spray nozzles 15 supplied with compressed air, either individually, jointly or in groups, via one or more lines 14, some of which are parallel to the upper surface of the part 11, i.e. horizontal, but others may be directed obliquely upwards.

The upper end 11a of the part 11 defines a multi-bent and possibly perforated sheet metal part 16 and a second obliquely downwardly directed part 17 first upwards and then downwards, the lower end of the part 17 forming a slideway leading to the removed mounting parts on the discharge pad or the like 19. In the rest position, the lanyard chamber 10a is separated from the shaft 18 by a perforated flap 20 or other closing device, 10a so as to create a passageway between the vortex chamber 10a and the shaft 18.

In order to control the brush device via the motor 9, to control the compressed air supplied to the nozzles 15 via the line 14 and to control the flap device 23 and to operate the flap 20 by means of the cylinder-piston unit 21, only the central control device 24 shown schematically 7 61452 via control lines 25, 26, 27 is used. attached to parts 9, 21, 23.

When using the device, a certain number of interlocking mounting parts are placed in the storage tank 5, after which the lid 28 is closed. This cover acts as a sound insulator, prevents the mounting parts from protruding and can, if necessary, be made permeable to air, so that part of the supplied compressed air can escape through this cover 28 in the manner shown at a later stage.

The central control device 24 switches on the motor 9 for a predetermined time so that the brush 7, 8 rotates and conveys at least the pre-separating detached mounting parts from the storage through the outlet opening 6 to the vortex chamber 10a. The number of parts carried by the brush per unit time is approximately constant for each type of mounting part, and thus the brush acts as a dispensing device which conveys a certain number of mounting parts to the vortex cavity 10a forming the receiving container over a period of time. In the absence of a brush conveyor, it is also possible to feed the storage tank 5 and the round chamber 10 with a separate, one-by-one, sortable storage device by means of dosing devices, for example horizontal devices. Simultaneously with the switching on of the motor 9 or a little later, the central control device 24 switches on the compressed air supply to the nozzles 15 via the flap device 23. Depending on the type of mounting part and the attachment of the mounting parts to each other, a uniform supply of compressed air can be selected or compressed air can be supplied pulsatingly, periodically alternately from nozzle to nozzle. For virtually all types of mounting parts, the most advantageous treatment combination can be developed empirically in a short time. In any case, the storage of the mounting parts is mixed in the vortex chamber 10a, whereby the mounting parts become detached from each other when they strike the walls, the flap 20 and the jets of compressed air.

When a certain number of mounting parts are in the vortex chamber 10a, the brush 7, 8 is switched off and at the same time or a little later the flap 20 is opened with the compressed air supply switched on. Depending on the opening time of the flap, some or all of the mounting parts in the vortex chamber 10a can then move to the shaft 18. Due to the multiple curvature of this shaft, the mounting parts also strike the walls frequently here as well. The kinetic energy supplied by the air supply to the mounting parts varies and in addition decreases differently due to the different distances traveled by the individual mounting parts „61452, which causes the mounting parts to disperse greatly as they fall onto the pad 19 on which they remain practically separated. The dosing of the mounting parts when feeding the vortex into the container or when leaving the vortex chamber is determined by the capacity of the receiving surface of the pad 19. The mounting parts can be immediately removed by hand from the pad 19. In case the still attached mounting parts are ejected, they are simply thrown back into the storage tank 5. The discharge point 19 can be equipped with a switch from which the central control device 24 is switched on when a new storage of separated mounting parts is needed.

The structure according to Figure 2 uses several private parts which are already included in the structure according to Figure 1. These same or similar private parts are therefore denoted by the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1. For the sake of simplification, the central control device 24 and the actuators or closures controlled by it are no longer shown in the drawing. The brush 7.8 rotates counterclockwise.

A crucial difference compared to the structure according to Fig. 1 is that above the storage tank 5 there is a sorting station consisting of an electric vibrator 30 mounted on the plate 29 and a straightening conveyor 31 operated thereby.

The adjustment conveyor will be explained in more detail in connection with Figures 4-7. In connection with Fig. 2, it suffices to state that the conveyor 31 receives the mounting parts in several conveying grooves and moves them from right to left, the mounting parts deviating from a certain position and attached to each other are ejected through slots 32. After opening the flap 20, the straightening conveyor 31 is loaded by detached mounting parts coming from the vortex chamber 10a. The compressed air then lifts these mounting parts up into a riser 34 defined between the upwardly extending arm 11b of the part 11, the second side 3 of the storage tank 3, the guide plate 35 and the cover plate 36, the cover plate 36 being provided with a abutment surface 37 for receiving and guiding 1 context. The profile of the parallel conveying grooves of the straightening conveyor 31 is adapted to the second projection surface of the parts to be separated. Thus, in the case of cylindrical springs 9 914 5 2, the grooves are generally semicircular. The teeth, guide surfaces or rectifiers ensure that the separated parts that are still attached to each other or deviate from the specified position are ejected.

In the structure according to Fig. 3, the right end of the straightening conveyor 31 forming the discharge point of the separated parts is slightly extended to the right. The ridge 7, 8 of the storage container 5 is arranged transversely to the longitudinal grooves of the straightening conveyor 31 and the outlet opening 6 is located immediately above the receiving surface of the straightening conveyor. As the brush 7, 8 rotates, it immediately throws the separable parts onto the straightening conveyor. Both due to the comb effect caused by the brush in the mounting parts warehouse and the longitudinal pre-adjustment of the elongate parts leaving the outlet opening 6 approximately in the longitudinal direction or only slightly obliquely, the straightening conveyor The abandoned, i.e. mostly still attached, parts fall through the openings 32 onto the guide surface 39 forming the lower surface of the groove and thus pass into the outlet opening 40 by means of spray nozzles 15 cooperating with the vortex chamber 10a. When the flap 20 is opened as described above, the mounting parts can exit from above through the riser 42, and are ejected through the guide surfaces 43 onto the right end of the straightening conveyor 31. The straightening conveyor 30, 31 is supported on the inner wall 41 of the groove 38. The device according to Fig. 3 is preferably used intermittently. Initially, the brush 7, 8 is allowed to operate for a certain period of time. The brush 7, 8 is then stopped, and then the mounting parts are thrown out of the vortex chamber. 10a after mixing and opening the flap 20.

In connection with Figures 4-7, the operation of the straightening conveyor will be explained in more detail.

The right-hand part 31 is in the form of a plate, the upper surface of which has a saw-shaped cross-section, the blades of which form longitudinal grooves 44, which in the construction example are assumed to be cylindrical mounting parts, i.e. a thread for springs and with grooved sides. These inclined surfaces 45 lead the mounting parts falling on the conveyor into the longitudinal grooves 44, and the parts are conveyed to these to the left by means of a vibratory movement. Finally, at the unloading point, only the grooves 44 with grooves 44 are moved forward so that the ejection openings 32 between these strips remain free. As can be seen from the section shown in Fig. 7, the groove 44 is milled almost to the center in a predetermined length range so as to form an equalization strip. Due to the notch 47, springs which do not touch the upright part of the groove 44 along their entire length must fall down laterally. The length of the notch 47 is greater than the length of the spring. In addition, according to Figs. they are rejected. The separated springs finally enter the annular channel 50, which can still be accessed through the side slot 51, so that the parts that have been compressed here can also be pushed back by means of a needle. According to Figure 2, practically the entire upper surface of the straightening conveyor 31 can be accessed by hand, for which reason the disturbances can be easily corrected.

The axes of the spring-loaded springs are practically never on the same line and are therefore discarded in the straightening conveyor 31, 32. From the straightening conveyor, the springs again enter the hoses or pipes 33 through which they are conveyed to the discharge points. Devices for removing mounting parts manually or by automatic control from such hoses one by one are known and therefore do not need to be explained in more detail in this connection.

The plate 31 provided with the strips 46 is in each case adapted to correspond to the mounting parts. Other types of arrangements and groupings of devices required for separation are also possible within the scope of the invention. For special cases, the simple device may comprise only a container 5 attached to a base, whereby a box in communication with the brush 7, 8 is placed below the outlet, so that when the box is pulled out the brush transports the separated mounting parts out of the container and moves them into the box. It is also possible to place the outlet of the device above the conveyor belt or to use straightening devices other than those shown.

Claims (20)

A method for detaching interlocking or interlocking mounting parts, the method comprising separating the mounting parts from an unorganized batch of interlocking mounting parts and moving each other and passing the separated mounting parts to at least one receiving location, characterized in that and this sub-batch is passed on to the final separation stage, where the sub-batches are separated into individual sub-assemblies and the individual sub-assemblies are stored at the storage site. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pre-separation step the sub-batches are separated from the installation sub-batch by periodic mechanical sweeping movement and in the final separation step into individual mounting parts by compressed air blowing and the individual mounting parts are led to the storage site. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the compressed air blowing is carried out intermittently, pulsatingly and / or temporally alternately after a periodic mechanical sweeping movement. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, the apparatus comprising a receiving tank (5) for a disorganized batch of interlocking mounting parts and a discharge device located in the tank or tank outlet (6) separating the mounting parts from each other and the mounting part batch, and feeding detached mounting parts via the outlet and the conveying paths in the direction of at least one receiving station, characterized in that the pre-separating discharge device is formed as a dispenser and / or discharge device (7, 8), followed by a final separating device (10, 31) and a container (5) the outlet opening (6) and the conveying path between the outlet opening and the final separating device (10, 31) are dimensioned to allow the passage of several mounting parts at the same time. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a storage location is arranged downstream of the final separating device (10), which is many times larger than the largest projection surface of the single mounting part and forms an unloading point or feed member for sorting and orienting the mounting parts. Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that the discharge device is formed by at least one cylindrical rotating body, in particular a brush (7), arranged below the filling level of the chute forming the container (5) and located in the region of the chute outlet (6). Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the final separating device consists of a vortex chamber (10a) formed with compressed air above the feeds (15). Apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the outlet of the vortex chamber (10a) leading to the storage location (19, 31) is provided with a closing device (20) controlled by a control device (24). Apparatus according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the supply opening formed by the outlet (6) of the container (5) is arranged on the other long side of the vortex chamber (10a), that blow nozzles (15) leading to the vortex chamber (10a) are arranged below the supply opening. directed away from the supply opening, that the other long side of the vortex chamber (10a) is formed by a curved upwardly directed guide surface (12) towards which the blow nozzles (15) are directed and that the closing device (20) is located in this outwardly directed longitudinal side outlet (6). ) and the feed outlet (18, 34). Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the closing device is formed as a closing flap (20) hinged to the outlet shaft (18, 34) on the opposite side of the guide surface (12) extending curved upwards from the shaft opening. Apparatus according to Claim 4 and one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the drive device (9) of the pre-separation device (7) and the switching device (23) for starting the final separation device (10) can be controlled periodically and / or temporally by the control device (24). at different times. 13 61452 11 61452 Apparatus according to Claim 11, characterized in that a switch is mounted on the storage location (19), from which the central control device (24) can be switched on. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the circuit-breaker is mounted in a collection box located at the storage location (19) and can be switched on at a certain degree of filling of the box. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the storage location is formed from a part of the upper part of the longitudinal conveyor (30, 31, 32). Apparatus according to one of Claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the longitudinal conveyor is formed as a planar conveyor with a vibrator (30). Apparatus according to Claim 15, characterized in that the planar conveyor (31, 32) is provided with longitudinal grooves (44) whose shape is adapted to the projection surface of the mounting parts. Apparatus according to Claim 16, characterized in that the flat conveyor (31, 32) forms the final separating device. Apparatus according to Claim 17, characterized in that guide surfaces (45) for the mounting parts descending obliquely away from the longitudinal grooves (44) are provided in the region of the outlet of the flat conveyor (31, 32). Apparatus according to Claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the individual paths defined by the longitudinal grooves (44) of the flat conveyor (31, 32) cause the teeth (47, 49) to straighten or remove parts which are still attached to one another or which deviate from a certain position. Apparatus according to one of Claims 16 to 18, characterized in that an outlet of a pre-separation device comprising a cylindrical rotating body (7) is arranged above the storage location of the flat conveyor (31, 32), the axis of rotation of the rotating body (7) being arranged transversely to longitudinal grooves (44). that a chute (38) is placed below the storage location for receiving the mounting parts from the slots (32) of the separated conveyor parts (31, 32) acting as a separator, which form the inlet of the final separating device (10). 14 61 452