FI58832C - VAERMELEDNINGSANLAEGGNING MED RADIATORER ENLIGT ENROERSSYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

FSSF ^ l [Bl «« ANNOUNCEMENT 58832

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C .... Patent granted 10 04 1981 '** Patent neddelat ^ T ^ (51) Kv.ik.3 / int.ci.3 P 24 H 9/20, F 24 D 5/00 FINLAND —FINLAND (21 ) Pttunttlhukumu · - Ptt «nUra6knlnf 750040 (22) Htkamltpllvl - AiMdknlnpdag 08.01.75 '* (13) Alkupiivt — Glltlf hutsdig 08.01.75 (41) Tullut lulklMkil - Bllvlt offintllg 12.07.75

National Board of Patents and Registration ... .........,. .. ...

_ · (44) Nlhttvikilpanon j> moonUulkalwn pvm. -

Patent- och ragistarstyralMn 'Arastan utltgd och utl.skrtft «n puMkarad 31.12.80 (32) (33) (31) Pyydetty atuoik · * · —Begird priority H. 01.74

Sweden-Sverige (SE) 7400333-6 (71) Tour & Andersson Aktiebolag, Stockholm, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Per Cairenius, Bandhagen, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (74) Berggren Oy Ab (54) Central Heating Plant, with radiators according to a single pipe system - Varmeledningsanläggning med radiatorer enligt enrörssystem

In inventive heating plants with radiators, it is customary either to control the heat transfer of the radiators to a common temperature sensor for all radiators, which in the simplest case may be a room thermostat, or to control each separate radiator radiators are sometimes left without adjustment, especially if they are adapted to heat smaller rooms. Thus, in the latter case, the thermostats control a control valve adapted for each individually controlled radiator, which is thus automatically reset by means of a thermostat. These thermostatically controlled control valves are expensive and generally do not function properly except in the case of radiators with a relatively high convection flow, i.e. in the case of room-radiated room radiators. This has led to an attempt to reduce the number of thermostatic radiators in the same plant by placing instead, as mentioned above, in smaller spaces such as hallways, toilets, bathrooms, 2,58832 service rooms and similar radiators using standard manual valves that on the one hand, are lighter than thermostatically controlled valves and, on the other hand, can also be set manually so as to obtain the correct temperature.

Of course, no ideal solution to this problem is for the same plant to have alternately radiators that are thermostatically controlled and radiators that are controlled by manually operated valves. Therefore, an attempt has been made to find an arrangement for such central heating plants which alternately has different radiators which can be connected to a central control comprising both manually controlled radiators and a separate control comprising thermostatically controlled radiators.

This problem has also been successfully addressed in two-pipe systems. One solution to the problem is described in Finnish Announcement No. 57 311. On the other hand, it has not been possible to apply this already proposed arrangement to single-pipe plants.

This is primarily due to the significant difference in the way in which hot water from the central heating boiler is fed to both plant types.

The two-pipe plants are equipped with a riser and a return line, and different radiators are each connected separately between the two main lines. In contrast, the radiators of a single-pipe system are connected in series into loops, which can comprise a fairly large number of radiators. Usually, only one such loop is used for all the radiators in one apartment in a multi-apartment house. Each such loop is in turn fed from a common riser, and each loop hands its return water to all loops on a common return line.

When the proposed arrangement is used in connection with a two-pipe plant, a common thermostatically controlled by-pass valve is connected to the common return line of all radiators, which controls the return temperature so that as the return temperature rises

3,58832 In this case, it is calculated that an automatic control is created based on the following simple fact: as the flow rate of thermostatically controlled, separate valves in a two-pipe plant decreases, the the temperature drops while the water temperature of the riser remains unchanged. Despite this, of course, the total heat transfer from the thermostatic radiators in the primary rooms is lower. However, lowering the return water temperature while maintaining the normal setting of the manual but not thermostatically controlled valves of the secondary space radiators causes an even higher thermal pressure on these radiators. If no special measures are taken, the heat transfer from the latter radiators will increase and not decrease, which is the complete opposite of what would be desirable.

With the above-mentioned arrangement, in which a thermostatically controlled by-pass valve connected to the by-pass is controlled by the return temperature so that as the return temperature rises the water flow through the boiler increases and the water flow through the side line decreases. between thermostatically controlled radiator valves to compensate in a two-pipe plant.

However, this arrangement does not work in single-tube radiator plants, as there is a complication because thermostatically controlled radiators and non-thermostatically controlled radiators are normally connected in the same loop. If it is required that the water temperature of the riser is constant and that the thermostatic control of one radiator of the loop reduces the transfer of this heat, the temperature drop of the non-thermostatically controlled radiators belonging to the loop will increase and the operation will be completely opposite.

Therefore, there is a problem of how to achieve an automatic control of single-tube radiators that results in a power equivalent to 4,58832 of the power already proposed for the two-tube radiators mentioned above. This problem is solved according to the present invention and its features will become apparent from the appended claim 1.

The invention therefore relates to a central heating plant with radiators according to a one-pipe system, wherein at least one radiator, hereinafter referred to as the "main radiator", is connected to each radiator loop and is connected to the riser as the first radiator of the loop and is separately thermostatically controlled, and at least one separate thermostat control.

According to the invention, a second temperature sensor is connected to sense the temperature of the return water coming from the main radiator, and this temperature sensor is adapted to control a valve in the switch. The switch is connected to a connection for the supply of hot water, further to the connection for the supply of chilled water from a common return line of the plant and in addition to a separate return line from said main radiator. From the switch, a supply line leads to said main radiator and a supply line to the following parts of the radiator strip. The valve included in the switch is double-acting, so that when the second temperature sensor indicates that the temperature of the separate return water from the main radiator decreases, the water supply from the riser and the supply line decreases and the return water supply increases and vice versa.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in connection with the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is clear that the invention is not limited to this embodiment, but that many different variations are possible within the scope of the invention.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a general diagram of a building equipped with a single-tube radiator system, Fig. 2 shows a loop of this system in detail, and Fig. 3 shows a detail of the device according to Fig. 2.

Thus, Figure 1 shows a heating boiler 10 from which the riser line 11 leaves. Several single-tube radio loops are connected to the riser line. Each of them serves one apartment in the building, and four such apartments are shown in Figure 1. Thus, each loop is fed through line 12 from the riser, and each loop includes a plurality of radiators, only three of which are shown in each loop, with return line 13 from each loop passing through common line 14. to boiler 10. Since the four exemplary single-tube loops are in principle similar in structure, it suffices to explain one of them below. The loop located in the apartment 15 is chosen as such a loop. This is shown on an enlarged scale in Figure 2.

Thus, Figure 2 shows a loop comprising a relatively large number of radiators, of which, however, only radiators 16, 17, 18 and 19 are shown, while the other radiators in the loop are marked with a dashed line 20. As an example, it is assumed that only radiator 16 is thermostatically controlled with other radiators by means of adjusting wheels 21, 22 and 23 which control the side flow valves to branch a part of the amount of water flowing forward in the loop as the remaining amount of water flows through the side flow line connected past the radiator. However, this is to be considered only as an example, and of course one or more radiators 17, 18 and 19 and the like may be thermostatically controlled. However, their thermostatic control does not take place in the same way as in the first radiator 16 of the loop, which must be considered as the main radiator.

Namely, the main radiator 16 is controlled on the one hand by a separate thermostat 24 'with associated valves 24' for this radiator and on the other hand also by a thermostat common to the whole loop, which in this embodiment is located in a so-called to switch 25 with as many as five different cable connections. One of these 12 wire connections has already been mentioned. This is the line connection 12 connected to the riser 11 in Figure 2.

A second line connection 26 is connected to the return line 14 to cause the cooled return water to mix with the loop water. The third line connection 27 forms a loop extension to the following radiators 17, 18 and 19, preferably to the valve 21 of the radiator 17. In addition, there is also a line 28 for conducting hot water to the valve 24 ”of the main radiator 16 and a line 29 for conducting this water back to the switch 25. after cooling in the main radiator 16. A separate control valve 24 "of the main radiator 16, controlled by a separate thermostat 24 ', is connected to the latter line 28 in front of the radiator 16.

It should therefore be noted that a single radiator in each loop, in this case the main radiator 16, is provided with two thermostats, one of which is a thermostat 24 'and the other cooperates with or is mounted on the switch 25 as described below. The remaining radiators can be either only manually controlled or equipped with separate thermostats corresponding to the thermostat of the radiator 16. This can also be expressed as the whole loop being controlled by a thermostat, which can be connected inside the switch 25, while thermostatically controlled radiators additionally have separate thermostatic valves and radiators not controlled by thermostats have standard manual valves.

The separate thermostatic valves are arranged so that they are affected by the local room temperature, while instead the thermostat flushing the thermostat flowing from the main radiator 16 through the line 29 acts on the common thermostat in the loop, which is arranged inside the switch 25.

The arrangement of the switch 25 can be seen in detail in Figure 3. Here, the five above-mentioned cable connections 12, 26, 27, 28 and 29 are shown. A sleeve 31 is threaded inside the switch housing 30, into which an additional thermostat support member 32 is fitted.

This support member is diabolo-shaped, with the second annular shoulder 32 'supporting threads securing the support member 32 to the interior of the sleeve 31, while the second annular shoulder 32 "forms a water flow control member so that return water from the radiator 16 via line 29 is led to the two shoulders 32'. and 32 "and then through line 27 to the next radiators 17, 18 and 19 in the loop.

The thermostat body 33 is arranged in the switch so that the return water from the line 29 flows around it, to which said body 7 58832 thus reacts. The thermostat body 33 is adapted to act on a thermostat rod 34 connected to a valve body 35. This valve body 35 has a dual function.

It is thus provided on the one hand with a valve cone 36 cooperating with a valve seat 37 located in the line leading to the common return line 26 of the whole loop and on the other hand with a jacket surface 38 cooperating with the opening of the supply line 12 from the riser 11 so that when the temperature of the return water separately from the radiator 16 decreases, the thermostat rod 34 moves to the left from the position where the line 12 and the space 41 are connected, towards the position shown in Fig. 3 where there is no such connection, a connection is made between the supply line 12 and the switch 41 interior 41. At the same time, the connection between the main return line 26 and the interior of the switch becomes even more open. Thus, it should be noted that in Figure 3, the valve body 35 is shown in its farthest left position, in which the opening in the line 26 is completely open, but the opening in the line 12 is completely closed. In other positions of the valve body, the opening in the line 26 is more or less constricted, while the opening in the line 12 is more or less open.

The latter connection leaves the main return line 26 through the gap between the spring chamber 39 and the valve seat 37 and the valve cone 36 and then in the axial direction through the circumference formed by the holes 40 drilled through the valve body 35.

The former connection leaves the supply line 12 through a gap between the clutch housing 30 and the cylindrical wall 38 of the valve body 35. The cold water streams from the main return line 26 and the hot water streams from the supply line 12 are thus mixed in a space 41 from which part of the mixing water is led via line 28 to radiator 16, while the other part is led directly to radiator loop extension 27. Diabolo shoulder 32 " , so that a suitable distribution takes place between the two streams, the water flowing through the radiator 16 is connected in a manner known per se to the water flowing past it as it enters the switch 25 through the lead 29. It then flows through the perforated circumference 42 of the diabolo-shaped distribution body 32 otherwise be arranged in substantially the same way as the periphery 40.

8 58832

To reset the thermostat 33, a spring 43 is fitted to the interior of the spring chamber 39. This spring must be rather weak for the following reasons.

Namely, an additional device is arranged in the switch to change the operation of the entire radiator loop, e.g. during the day when a higher temperature is desired, or at night when a lower temperature is possible. For this purpose, there is a control clock mechanism, the so-called a timer connected to the protruding end 44 of the thermostat rod 34.

This timer is designed to apply pressure to the left at night toward the end portion 44 of the thermostat rod in Figure 3, which will move the valve body 35 slightly to the left of the temporary center position toward the position shown in the drawing so that much of the cooled return water 26 flows through valve gap 36-37. , as the amount of hot water from the riser 11 and the supply line 12 decreases. This timer therefore operates in such a way that it has to overcome the resistance coming from the spring-loaded thermostat 33. It may now be the case that the thermostat 33, which is a sensitive instrument, cannot withstand the forces exerted by the timer, so that in order to absorb these forces, the protective spring 45 is connected between two spring seats in the break of the thermostat rod 34.

It is now clear how the device works. First, it is assumed that operation is determined by day conditions so that the timer does not need to apply pressure to the extension 44 of the thermostat rod 34. The valve body 35 is in a position slightly to the right of Figure 3, and hot water is supplied from supply line 12 and chilled water from common return line 26. These amounts of water are mixed in the switch space 41. As is typical of Yk tube radiators, some of the water is diverted to the side so that it is passed directly to the next radiators 17-19 of the loop via line 27, creating such a high resistance between constricting to provide sufficient conveying force for the amount of water flowing in parallel with it, which is led to the radiator 16 via line 28 and returned from the radiator 16 via line 29. This water flow is, of course, controlled by the room thermostat 24 'with its associated valves 24 "so that the radiator 16 dissipates the correct amount of heat. a second 33 which senses the temperature of the separate return water coming from the radiator 16, which at the same time indicates the temperature of the feed water flowing to the next radiators 17 to 19. Thus, the thermostat 33 acts as a common thermostat controller for the whole loop. The separate room thermostat 24 'of 16 shows a lower heat demand. This is because as the thermostatic valve 24 "reduces the amount of warm water flowing through, this hot water stays longer inside the radiator 16, allowing it to cool more than would otherwise be the case. side. This lower temperature of the separate return water coming from the radiator 16 via the line 29 is sensed by the thermostat 33. This then moves the valve body more or less to its left from its central position towards the position shown in Fig. 3. The amount of water drawn from the main return line 14 via line 26 then increases and the amount of hot water through line 12 decreases. The water leaving the line 27 thus remains at a correspondingly lower temperature. The indication of the lower heat demand provided by the separate thermostat 24 'of the radiator 16 thus affects the heat transfer from all subsequent radiators in the loop.

Thus, in a single-pipe plant, the same indirect control of the heat transfer of radiators without a thermostat has been achieved as obtained with the device mentioned at the beginning in a two-pipe plant.

Claims (9)

A heat conduit system with radiators according to a single pipe system, wherein in each existing radiator loop a main radiator (16) is connected, which, like the first radiator in the loop, is connected to the riser line (11), and is individually thermostatically controlled (24 '). ), and at least one radiator (17, 18, 19. without individual thermostat control, characterized in that a further temperature sensing means (33) is connected for sensing the return water temperature from the main radiator (16), that this temperature sensing means (33) is arranged to control a valve body (35) in a coupler (25), to the coupler (25) conducts a supply line (12) for supplying hot water from the riser line (11), further a connection (26) for supplying cooled water from the common return line of the radiator coil. (14), and further, the individual return line (29) from the first mentioned radiator (16), from the coupler (25) leads a supply line (28) to the main radiator (16) and a feed conduit (27) to subsequent radiators (17-19) in the radiator loop, that the valve body (35) contained in the coupler (25) is double-acting, so that at the indicator from the additional thermal temperature sensing means (33) that the individual return water from the main radiator (16) decreases in temperature, the supply of water from the riser line (11) through the supply line (12) decreases, and the supply of return water increases and vice versa. Heat conduit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve body (35) in the coupler (25) is constituted by a cylindrical body, which with one end surface (36) forms one valve regulating means (36-37) located in the conduit. from the inlet (26) for cooled water, and with its casing surface (38) in conjunction with the opening from the feed line (12), the second valve regulating means, which is located in the inlet (12) for hot water, forms. Heat conduit system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the additional temperature sensing means is a thermostat (33) arranged in the interior of the coupler (33), which is arranged to be flushed by the individual return water from the main radiator. (16). Heat conduit system according to claim 3, characterized in that the thermostat (33) arranged for sensing the return water temperature from the main radiator (16) is