FI61091C - ANALYZING VID MED SHUNTVENTIL FOERSEDDA VAERMEANLAEGGNINGAR - Google Patents

Description

r, ANNOUNCEMENT 6 ^ 1091 JgflA lbj (11) utläggninosskrift ° 'uy' C / 45) Patent granted 10 05 1932, ¾¾¾ Patent EedJelat ^ * '(51) Kv.ik? /tnt.ci.3 F 24 D 19 / 10, F 24 H 9/20 ENGLISH —FINLAND (21) Ptt.nttlhtk.mu * -Pat «nt» r »eknlnf 780075 (22) H« k * n »l * pUv · - Ar» öknlnf * d * f 11.01.78 ^ ^ (23) Initial Cloud - GHti (h «t« dtf 01 78 (41) Become Public - Blivlt offentlif 29 Qj jg

National Board of Patents and Registration .... „...

\,. (44) Date of issue and date of publication. -

Patent- och registrstyrelsen Ansöksn utlsfd och utl.skrlftsn publtcersd 29.01.82 (32) (33) (31) Privilege claimed - Begird prlorltet 28.01.77 Sweden-Sweden (SE) 77 / 00891-0 (71) Tour & Andersson Aktiebolag, Svärdlängsvägen k6, Johanneshov, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Per Cairenius, Tyresö, Sture Ribbefjord, Farsta, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (Jk) Berggren Oy Ab (5 ^) Apparatus for heating plants with side flow valve - Anordning vid med shunt försedda värraeanläggningar

The best thermal economy is known to be obtained if the boiler is operated at a high water temperature, but it is also known that the high temperature of a heating plant with radiators reduces the comfort and that the high surface temperature of the radiators may even be harmful to health. Therefore, it has become customary to equip thermal plants with so-called. with a side flow line for receiving a part of the cooled return heat transfer medium, hereinafter referred to as "return water" for simplicity, and this leads to a riser which is otherwise supplied with hot water from the boiler in the usual way. In this way, a mixture of hot water and cooled return water is obtained and the boiler can be operated so that the hot water temperature is high, whereby the riser simultaneously contains water with a more reasonable temperature.

In such plants, a three-way valve is fitted to the connection between the side power line and the riser, the valve being thermostatically controlled to maintain a constant temperature in the water upstream of the 61091. In addition, the value of the constant temperature of the water entering the riser can usually be adjusted manually.

In plants such as those described above, the three-way valve can, of course, be adapted either to the connection between the riser and the side current line or to the connection between the return line and the side current line. However, given that the thermostatically controlled three-way valve must be controlled by the riser water temperature, it has been natural to fit the three-way valve layout adjusting thermostat to the interior of the three-way valve so that it is flushed by the water entering the riser. In this case, it has therefore been most convenient to fit the three-way valve to the connection between the riser and the side current line.

However, there is another type of plant with a thermostatically controlled by-pass valve and a by-pass, and in which the three-way valve must instead be adapted to the connection between the return line and the by-pass. In such a plant, it is assumed that some of the radiators connected to the plant are controlled separately by thermostats depending on the temperature of the room heated by each radiator, while the other radiators do not have such separate thermostatic control. It has been found that if such a separate thermostat affects the flow valve of one or more radiators to change it in a certain direction, this in turn affects the return water temperature. The simplest way to explain this is as follows:

Assume that the temperature of the heated room tends to fall below the desired temperature level. A separate radiator thermostat then indicates an increased need for hot water supply from the riser to the radiator, and its flow through its own control valve increases accordingly. This means that a relatively large amount of warm water passes through the radiator, but each individual particle of this hot water will instead be located inside the radiator for a relatively short time, and will then not have time to cool as much as before. In other words, the return water temperature rises when the thermostat indicates an increase in the need for heat transfer from the radiator or radiators in question, resulting in readjustment of the radiator valve. The return temperature rise can be used as a control pulse for a corresponding change in the riser temperature, so that the riser temperature rises for the supply of added heat to all radiators. It should therefore be noted that this increased heat supply takes place not only to the thermostat-controlled radiators for partial recovery of the heat demand reading, but also to other non-thermostatically controlled radiators in the plant. In this way, the initial reading showing the increase in heat demand indicated by one or more separately thermostatically controlled radiators is partially restored, and the heat supply to radiators belonging to the same plant whose valves lack a separate thermostat control is partly increased accordingly.

The present invention is in principle independent of whether a three-way valve, commonly referred to as a "side flow valve", is arranged in the riser or return line.

It has now been found that the amount of heat dissipated by the radiators of one of the above types of plants must not only depend on the actual thermostatically measured room temperature, but that in order to increase comfort, some outside conditions must be allowed to influence the bypass valve control. Thus, when the temperature of the air outside the building is low, slightly stronger radiator heating may be desirable than at high temperatures. Strong winds or increased air humidity can lead to increased cooling of the building’s exterior walls, which also leads to an even greater need for heat. On the other hand, sunlight on the outer wall surface can cause radiant heating, which is added to the convection and indoor radiant heating from the radiators. In this case, in order to increase comfort, the convection and radiant heating of the radiators must be reduced to a similar extent by changing their surface temperature and by changing the temperature of the water in the riser.

Until now, the difficult problems that have arisen in this case have only been overcome by using very complex equipment, the so-called "Air conditioners", normally electronic, with a motor connected to the output control circuit which in turn forcibly controls the setting of the temperature value of the by-pass valve, which must be kept constant or in turn controlled by a thermostat installed inside the by-pass valve. .

From the above-mentioned conditions outside the temperature-controlled building, the outdoor temperature is undoubtedly primarily affected by the air conditioner, and although the present invention is not limited to the outdoor temperature, the invention will be explained below for simplicity.

The invention is based on the principle that an electric resistance type sensor is used to indicate the state of the outdoor air, in this particular case the outdoor temperature, and that this indicator is electrically applied to a device already known in known plants to determine the value of the ascending temperature and the return thermostat, respectively. The features of the invention appear from the appended claims.

Thus, according to the invention, the electric resistance sensor is adapted to sense and indicate one or some states of the outside air, and an electrical line is drawn from this sensor to an electrothermal motor belonging to the side current valve, which supplies mechanical bias to the thermostat in the side current valve.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in connection with the two embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but it is clear that the invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, but that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a strongly schematic view of a heating plant of the first type, while Fig. 2 shows a similarly schematic view of a heating plant of the latter type. In each case, the heating plant is provided with an indication of one or more of the outdoor air conditions which, in accordance with the present invention, have been caused to affect the thermostatically controlled three-way valve of the side flow line. Finally, Figure 3 shows an embodiment of this valve, which is preferably useful in both cases.

5 61091 In this connection, it should be mentioned in particular that it is very important for the invention that the transmission of the impulse from the outside air to the side flow valve takes place electrothermically. This is because the normal adjustment of the side flow valve is by a thermostat that mechanically acts on the valve cone, and that the effect from outdoor conditions is provided by increasing the mechanical biasing force to the mechanical force generated in the thermostat in the side flow valve. In order for the two forces to be added to each other without interference and to be able to at least approximately follow the same characteristic, it is important that both forces be obtained by converting the temperature deviation into the movement of the inner part of the by-pass valve. In this case, there must also be no thermal interference in the line leading from the external sensor to the side flow valve. In practice, the latter can only be achieved if the transmission line between the external sensor and the thermally acting member of the side flow valve is an electric line, since such an electric line is the most stable available transmission element.

The device according to Figure 1 thus has a heating boiler 10 from which the hot water line 11 leaves to a thermostatically controlled three-way valve 12. The three-way valve 12 leaves a riser 13 ', 13 "inside which a pump 14 is installed to ensure hot water circulation and supply to a radiator system. In any case, the return line 16 then leaves the junction 17 to the junction 17, from where it partly leads the line 18 to the boiler 10, partly also the side flow line 19 to the three-way valve 12.

From the parts described so far, known per se, this device works as follows:

Hot water is supplied from the boiler 10 via line 11 to the side flow valve 12, where it is mixed with cooled water from the return line 16 via the side stream line 19 so that a suitable temperature is obtained for the warm water going to the riser 13. A thermostat is arranged inside the side flow valve 12, which senses the temperature of the hot water delivered to the riser 13. If this thermostat detects that the water temperature 6 61091 of the riser 13 deviates from the desired value, it adjusts the valve openings either by influencing the supply of cooled water from the return line 16 via the side flow line 19 or the hot water supply from the boiler 10 via line 11 or finally both. the desired temperature of the riser 13 is restored. This desired temperature has sometimes been adjustable in such known plants by means of a special control handle located at the point where the electrothermal motor 20 in the device according to the invention is located. In this way, the operation of the thermostat inside the side flow valve 12 can be preset manually.

In the present invention, such a presetting may of course still be possible, but it is essential that the presetting takes place depending on the outdoor conditions, in particular its temperature. For this purpose, the sensor 21 is arranged outside the building and electrically connected to the electrothermal motor 20 of the side flow valve 12. This device operates in such a way that when the outdoor temperature rises, which the sensor 21 indicates, the motor 20 electrothermically presets the side flow valve 12. an indoor thermostat so that more cooled water is supplied to the riser 13 from the return line 16 via the side flow line 19 and / or less hot water from the boiler 10 via the line 11, whereby the water temperature of the riser 13 decreases accordingly, and vice versa.

The device according to Fig. 2 has parts, which also appear in Fig. 1, denoted by the same reference numerals. In this case, however, the side flow valve 22 is arranged in the return line 16-18 so as to react to the temperature of the water in this return line to change the mixing ratio between the cooled water from the return line 16 and the hot water from the boiler 10 via line 11. In this device known per se, the cooled water coming from the return line is fed to the junction 23 via the side current line 24. A thermostat is installed in the side flow valve 22, which acts to increase the supply of cooled room heat through the side flow line 24 to the junction 23 and / or increase the water supply from the return line 16 to the line 18 as the return water temperature of line 16 rises, as indicated above. through the boiler 10 and thus also automatically increases the supply of hot water from the boiler 10 via the line 11 to the junction 23. In this way, the water temperature of the riser 13 is raised and the increased heat demand in the temperature-controlled room is satisfied. It should be noted that in this case the impulse required to change the side flow valve 22 was generated by one or more separate thermostats connected to the radiators of the radiator group 15 showing an increased heat demand in the room or rooms heated by those radiators. . It was precisely because of this that the increase in the water temperature of the riser 13 was obtained by changing the side flow valve 22, except for the necessary control margin.

In this case too, however, a mechanical bias is supplied to the thermostat inside the side flow valve 22 by means of an electrothermal motor 20, which is controlled from a sensor 25 arranged outside the building via an electric line. An increase in the outside air temperature reduces the cooling of the outside walls of a temperature-controlled room, so the temperature of the riser must be slightly lowered in order to compensate in advance for any other rise in temperature in the room.

This is done by applying a mechanical biasing force to the thermostat in the side flow valve 22 in such a direction that the amount of cooled return water passing through the side flow line 24 increases while the amount of hot water passing from the boiler 10 through the line 11 decreases.

It has now been found that there are certain difficulties in the proper operation of the side flow valve 12 or 22 as described above. It should be noted that the side flow valve is thermostatically controlled in one case (12) depending on the water temperature of the riser 13 and in the other case (22) depending on the water temperature of the return line 16. This thermostat control is associated with a certain slowness, which is determined by the reaction time constant to the changed temperature of the thermostat. If an attempt were now made to influence the thermostat in the side flow valves 12 and 22 by means of a rapidly acting means, e.g. a purely mechanical transmission from the sensor 21 and 25 located outside, this effect would inevitably occur with a small time constant. On the one hand, the considerable difference β 61091 between the thermostat basic control time constant and the thermostat preset time constant would inevitably lead to over-control, which would cause self-oscillations, i.e. the side flow valve would start to trip and be unstable. According to the invention, this is avoided by the thermostat being thermally affected on the one hand by the temperature of the riser 13 and return pipe 16 and on the other hand by presetting the outdoor conditions together with the fact that both the former and the latter occur entirely inside the bypass valve itself. in the presence of approximately equal thermally active masses, with both effects occurring at exactly the same or at least nearly the same time constant. The effect from the outside air conditions cannot cause a disturbance in the time constant due to the transmission from the sensors 21 and 25, since this transmission takes place along an inertia-free electrical path, i.e. practically without a time delay. The time constant of the latter control is therefore determined entirely by the conditions inside the side flow valves 12 and 22, which inevitably becomes almost exactly the same as the thermostat filter control time constant during the temperature control of the riser 13 and the return line 16.

Figure 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the side flow valve 12 and 22. As can be seen from the above, it does not matter whether this structure is placed in the plant according to Figure 1 or Figure 2.

The side flow valve of Figure 3 has a total of three inlet and outlet ports. When connected to the plant of Figure 1 to form a connection 26 to the outlet riser 13, the connection 27 is connected to the line 11 from the boiler 10 and the connection 28 receives cooled water from the side line 19. When the valve belongs to the plant of Figure 2, the connection 26 is connected to the return line 16 , for chilled water, the connection 27 is connected to an extension 18 to the boiler 10 of the return line 16 and the connection 28 is again connected to the side flow line 14, however, of course in the opposite direction to that in the plant according to FIG.

The valve includes a valve seat 29 which cooperates with the valve body 30. The latter is under the influence of the thermostat 31 so that the outlet shaft 32 of the thermostat is 9 61091 connected to or bounded by the valve body 30. The thermostat 31 is supported by an axial anchor cross 33. Water can therefore flow substantially freely between its arms. The anchor cross is biased by the spring 34 inside the cylindrical spring sheath 35. This bias then has a direction such that the spring 34 tends to increase the valve opening 29-30 while the thermostat 31, when heated, moves the shaft 32 in the opposite direction, i.e. against the action of the spring 34, and thus tends to reduce the same valve opening 29-30. The thermostat 31 is flushed by the water in the riser in the plant according to Figure 1 and by the water in the return line in the plant according to Figure 2, the size of the valve opening 29-30 being in principle determined according to said temperature.

From the parts described so far, the side flow valve is known per se.

It should be noted, however, that the thermostat 31 in the device of the present invention is free-floating in the sense that it is not fixedly connected to any part of the valve shell 36 but presses against the end of the shaft 32 on one side and rests on the rod 37 connected to the electrothermal motor 38. said electrothermal motor 38 may have a number of different structures, which may be known per se. The particular structure shown in Figure 3 should therefore be considered as only one selected embodiment.

In this embodiment, the electrothermal motor 38 includes a cylindrical cover 39 on which a flat cover 40 is screwed, from which the pressing member formed by the bolt 41 extends inwardly toward the interior of the motor 38. The bolt 41 terminates in a plate 42 which forms a spring seat of the bimetallic member. This bimetallic organ thus reacts in size to its own temperature. It is preferably formed by a helical spring 43 of bipolar material and is bounded at one end by a spring seat 44 formed by the free end of the rod 37. The bimetallic member 43 thus undergoes deformation depending on the temperature it assumes. To change the temperature of the bimetallic member 43, the member is surrounded by a thermal coil formed by a resistance wire coil 45 in the coil body 46. The resistance wire coil 45 is in turn connected by a wire 47 to a power supply 48 and a thermistor 49.

10 61 091

The change in the outside air temperature affects the thermistor 49, so that the current generated by the power supply 48 also changes. However, this current passes through the thermal coil 45, whereupon its temperature changes. This change in temperature in turn affects the temperature of the bimetallic member, so that this member either lengthens or shortens in the direction of its axis. Since the bimetallic member 43 is fixedly supported at one end on the bolt 41 and the spring seat member 42, its other end, i.e. the end resting on the spring seat cup 44, is displaced, whereby the rod 37 further transfers this displacement to the thermostat 31.

In this case, it is easily seen that the combined movement of the thermostat 31's own reaction movement and the reaction movement of the bimetallic member 43 causes the valve body 30 to move against the action of the bias spring 34, resulting in the operation described above in connection with Figures 1 and 2.

However, for presetting, there is some possibility of manual transfer because the cover 40 is connected to the cylindrical sleeve 39 by a threaded connection 50. If the cover 40 is turned in either direction, this cover and bolt 41 move accordingly and in turn increase or decrease the load on the bimetallic member 43.

In explaining the above principles of the invention, details not relevant to these principles, such as sealing devices between the electrothermal motor 38 and the actual valve housing 36 and the like, e.g. fastening members securing the electrothermal motor 38 to the valve housing 36, have not been discussed in more detail.

Fig. 3 shows the direction of water flow when the valve is used as a side flow valve of the plant according to Fig. 2. One skilled in the art will readily appreciate from the above description how water flow occurs when the valve is used instead in the plant of Figure 1. In Figure 3, the double arrows indicate the flow of water from the return line 16 before dividing this water into connections 27 and 28, while the simple arrows indicate flows from the return line to each connection 27 and 28. The flow between the inlet 26 and the outlet 27 is thus regulated by a gap open in the main valve body 30 and its placenta 29

Claims (6)

Apparatus for use in heating installations having a boiler (10), a riser (13) and a return line (16) and a side flow line (19, 24) from the return line (16) to the rise line (13), to which a thermostatically controlled side flow valve (12, 22) is fitted , wherein the thermostat (31) is located inside the side flow valve (12, 22) so that it is flushed by a heat transfer medium to which it reacts via the side flow line (19, 24) and / or directly to or from the boiler (10) to change the amount of heat transfer medium; a sensor (49) sensing and indicating some or some of the conditions of the outside air, preferably its temperature, is arranged in connection with a line from this sensor (49) to a motor (38) belonging to the side flow valve (12, 22), the motor supplying the side flow valve (12); 22) a mechanical bias to the thermostat (31) so that the force generated by the motor (38) and the force generated by the thermostat (31) are directly increased t to change the openings (29-30 and 51-52) belonging to the side flow valve (12, 22), characterized in that the sensor (49) is an electric resistance member, that the line to the side flow valve (12, 22) is an electric line, and that the motor (38), which supplies mechanical bias to the thermostat (31) of the side flow valve (12, 22) is electrothermal. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electrical resistance element (49) is a thermistor. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the thermistor (49) is of a type which, for its operation, requires a voltage source (48) to be connected to the line (47) between the thermistor (49) and the electrothermal motor (38). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active parts of the electrothermal motor (38) consist of a thermal winding (45) connected directly or indirectly in series with the electric resistance sensor (49) and a body (43) which is in heat transfer communication with the thermal windings (45) and has the properties that the body (43) expands or contracts when its temperature changes, and that it includes a transfer device (37) for transferring movement of said body (43) to a side flow valve (12, 22); to one side of the thermostat (31), the other side of the thermostat being connected to a movable member in said valve openings (29-30 and 51-52). Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the body (43) is designed as a bimetallic spring (43), preferably a helical spring. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the bimetallic spring (43) is fastened between a first spring seat (42) connected to the cover (39) of the electrothermal motor (38) and a second spring seat (44) connected to the transfer device (37). wherein the transfer device in turn affects the initial position of the thermostat (31) belonging to the side flow valve (12, 22) as the thermostat reacts to changes in the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing around it. Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the cover of the electrothermal motor (38) consists of a cylindrical part (39) and a cover (40) screwed to one end of this cylindrical part (39) and that this cover (40) preferably emits a bolt (41) forming a member supporting the first spring seat (42) so that its position relative to the bimetallic member (43) can be adjusted by changing the threaded contact between the cover (40) and the cylindrical portion (39). Device according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the bimetallic element (43) is surrounded by a cylindrical winding body (46) on which the thermal winding (45) is wound.