FI20125710A - Prosessi biomassan konvertoimiseksi nestemäisiksi polttoaineiksi - Google Patents

Prosessi biomassan konvertoimiseksi nestemäisiksi polttoaineiksi Download PDF

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Publication number
FI20125710A
FI20125710A FI20125710A FI20125710A FI20125710A FI 20125710 A FI20125710 A FI 20125710A FI 20125710 A FI20125710 A FI 20125710A FI 20125710 A FI20125710 A FI 20125710A FI 20125710 A FI20125710 A FI 20125710A
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Finland
Prior art keywords
pyrolysis oil
subjected
stage
pyrolysis
biomass
Prior art date
Application number
FI20125710A
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English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI126813B (fi
Inventor
Andrea Gutierrez
Jaakko Nousiainen
Pekka Jokela
Original Assignee
Upm Kymmene Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Upm Kymmene Corp filed Critical Upm Kymmene Corp
Priority to FI20125710A priority Critical patent/FI126813B/fi
Priority to PCT/FI2013/050692 priority patent/WO2014001632A1/en
Publication of FI20125710A publication Critical patent/FI20125710A/fi
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI126813B publication Critical patent/FI126813B/fi

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/40—Thermal non-catalytic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
    • C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
    • C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
    • C10G65/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
    • C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
    • C10G65/12—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C10G2300/1018—Biomass of animal origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
FI20125710A 2012-06-25 2012-06-25 Prosessi biomassan konvertoimiseksi nestemäisiksi polttoaineiksi FI126813B (fi)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20125710A FI126813B (fi) 2012-06-25 2012-06-25 Prosessi biomassan konvertoimiseksi nestemäisiksi polttoaineiksi
PCT/FI2013/050692 WO2014001632A1 (en) 2012-06-25 2013-06-24 Process for converting biomass to liquid fuels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20125710A FI126813B (fi) 2012-06-25 2012-06-25 Prosessi biomassan konvertoimiseksi nestemäisiksi polttoaineiksi

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FI20125710A true FI20125710A (fi) 2013-12-26
FI126813B FI126813B (fi) 2017-05-31

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Country Status (2)

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FI (1) FI126813B (fi)
WO (1) WO2014001632A1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112016017226B1 (pt) * 2014-01-28 2022-01-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Processo para produzir produtos de hidrocarboneto líquido
WO2016001134A1 (en) 2014-07-01 2016-01-07 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Conversion of solid biomass into a liquid hydrocarbon material
CN106661468B (zh) 2014-07-01 2019-11-05 国际壳牌研究有限公司 固体生物质到液体烃材料的转化
BR112016030888B1 (pt) 2014-07-01 2021-01-12 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. processo para a produção de produtos de hidrocarboneto líquido a partir de uma matéria-prima de biomassa sólida
CN104449792B (zh) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-11 山东永泰化工有限公司 一种利用废旧塑料制备燃料油的方法
CN108026451A (zh) 2015-09-25 2018-05-11 国际壳牌研究有限公司 生物质向甲烷的转化
US10377953B2 (en) * 2016-11-09 2019-08-13 Phillips 66 Company Fluidized upgrading/hydrostabilizing of pyrolysis vapors
EP3421572B1 (en) * 2017-06-29 2020-08-12 Neste Oyj Method for increasing gasoline and middle distillate selectivity in catalytic cracking
FI128121B (fi) * 2018-07-20 2019-10-15 Neste Oyj Hiilivetyjen valmistus kierrätetystä tai uusiutuvasta orgaanisesta materiaalista
FI128115B2 (fi) 2018-07-20 2024-08-20 Neste Oyj Kierrätetyn ja uusiutuvan orgaanisen materiaalin puhdistus
FI128069B2 (fi) 2018-07-20 2024-04-24 Neste Oyj Kierrätetyn ja uusiutuvan orgaanisen materiaalin puhdistus
GB201903080D0 (en) * 2019-03-07 2019-04-24 Oxford Sustainable Fuels Ltd Process
FI20195446A1 (fi) * 2019-05-28 2020-11-29 Neste Oyj Muovipyrolyysiöljyjen emäksellä tehostettu hydroterminen puhdistus
KR20220092968A (ko) * 2019-11-06 2022-07-04 포지 하이드로카본스 코포레이션 유기 공급원료로부터 탄화수소 물질을 생산하기 위한 공정
FR3107530B1 (fr) * 2020-02-21 2022-02-11 Ifp Energies Now Procede optimise de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques en vue de leur valorisation
KR20220149752A (ko) * 2020-03-12 2022-11-08 토프쉐 에이/에스 가스 재순환을 갖는 비용 효과적인 탈산소화 과정
FR3113060B1 (fr) * 2020-07-30 2023-04-28 Ifp Energies Now Procede de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques incluant un hydrocraquage en deux etapes
FR3113061B1 (fr) * 2020-07-30 2023-04-21 Ifp Energies Now Procede de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques incluant un hydrocraquage en une etape
FR3114598B1 (fr) * 2020-09-25 2023-09-29 Ifp Energies Now Procede de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques et/ou de combustibles solides de recuperation chargees en impuretes
FR3118629B1 (fr) * 2021-01-04 2023-12-15 Ifp Energies Now Procede de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques incluant une etape d’hydrogenation
FR3122662B1 (fr) * 2021-05-07 2024-04-26 Ifp Energies Now Procede de traitement simultane d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques et d’une charge issue de sources renouvelables
FR3122663B1 (fr) * 2021-05-07 2024-04-26 Ifp Energies Now Procede integre de traitement d’huiles de pyrolyse de plastiques et/ou de combustibles solides de recuperation chargees en impuretes
FI130677B1 (fi) 2021-12-23 2024-01-12 Upm Kymmene Corp Kaksivaiheinen menetelmä termisellä konversiolla
EP4306620A1 (en) * 2022-07-12 2024-01-17 Neste Oyj A method for purification of liquefied waste plastics using recycled aqueous stream
WO2024013429A1 (en) * 2022-07-12 2024-01-18 Neste Oyj A method for purification of liquefied waste plastics using recycled aqueous stream
FR3141470A1 (fr) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-03 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede de traitement en lit fixe d’une charge lourde d’origine fossile comportant une fraction d’huile de pyrolyse de plastiques

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US4795841A (en) 1987-04-02 1989-01-03 Elliott Douglas C Process for upgrading biomass pyrolyzates
US7578927B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2009-08-25 Uop Llc Gasoline and diesel production from pyrolytic lignin produced from pyrolysis of cellulosic waste
JP5509918B2 (ja) 2009-03-27 2014-06-04 住友大阪セメント株式会社 リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質の製造方法とリチウムイオン電池用正極活物質及びリチウムイオン電池用電極並びにリチウムイオン電池
EP2504412B1 (en) 2009-11-24 2015-09-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process for catalytic hydrotreatment of a pyrolysis oil
US8471081B2 (en) * 2009-12-28 2013-06-25 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from crude tall oil
WO2011159768A2 (en) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Viresco Energy Low oxygenate bio-oil through two stage pyrolysis
US8183422B2 (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-22 Conocophillips Company Hydrocarbons from pyrolysis oil
SE535121C2 (sv) * 2010-11-25 2012-04-17 Ashwani Kumar Gupta Förfarande för generering av förnybara flytande material och bränslen med användning av ångpyrolys av kolhaltiga fasta avfallsmaterial och biomassaråmaterial med användning av ånga av ultrahög temperatur

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FI126813B (fi) 2017-05-31

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