FI126001B - Fuel feed system and method of operating the system - Google Patents

Fuel feed system and method of operating the system Download PDF

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Publication number
FI126001B
FI126001B FI20136279A FI20136279A FI126001B FI 126001 B FI126001 B FI 126001B FI 20136279 A FI20136279 A FI 20136279A FI 20136279 A FI20136279 A FI 20136279A FI 126001 B FI126001 B FI 126001B
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
fuel
circuit
valve
marine diesel
fuel supply
Prior art date
Application number
FI20136279A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI20136279A (en
Inventor
Arthur Koppel
Bernhard Pöckl
Original Assignee
Man Diesel & Turbo Se
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Publication date
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Publication of FI20136279A publication Critical patent/FI20136279A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI126001B publication Critical patent/FI126001B/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F02M37/0088—Multiple separate fuel tanks or tanks being at least partially partitioned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0673—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators; Mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0618—Switch-over from one fuel to another depending on the engine's or vehicle's position, e.g. on/off road or proximity to a harbor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0657—Heavy or light fuel oils; Fuels characterised by their impurities such as sulfur content or differences in grade, e.g. for ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011—Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023—Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0064—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel for engines being fed with multiple fuels or fuels having special properties, e.g. bio-fuels; varying the fuel composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive

Description

Fuel supply system and method for operating the same
The invention relates to a fuel supply system for at least one marine diesel engine according to the preamble of Claim 1. The invention, furthermore, relates to a method for operating such a fuel supply system.
From practice it is known that marine diesel engines can be operated with different types of fuel. Thus it is possible for example to operate marine diesel engines on the one hand with heavy fuel oils and on the other hand with distillate fuels. Although heavy fuel oils are cost effective, they cause however relatively high fuel emissions because of their high sulphur content. Distillate fuels cause lower exhaust gas emissions but are more expensive. On the open ocean, marine diesel engines are operated with heavy fuel oils for reasons of costs, whereas when a ship is to be operated near the coast in a so-called SECA (sulphur emission control area) zone, the operation of the marine diesel engine has to be changed from a heavy fuel oil to distillate fuel operation. Only when a marine diesel engine as a result of combusting a distillate fuel satisfies emission regulations of a SECA zone with respect to the pollutant emissions is a ship permitted to enter such a SECA zone.
A fuel supply system for a marine diesel engine, with the help of which the marine diesel engine can either be supplied with a heavy fuel oil or with a distillate fuel, comprises, according to the practice, a so-called feeder fuel circuit and a so-called booster fuel circuit.
By way of the feeder fuel circuit, either the first fuel or the second fuel can be delivered in the direction of a mixed tank with the help of a first pumping device. Starting out from the mixed tank, fuel can be delivered to the or each marine diesel engine with the help of a second pumping device of the booster circuit. The first pumping device of the feeder fuel circuit in this case draws the respective fuel with a first flow rate of delivery, wherein a first part flow rate of delivery of this first flow rate of delivery is delivered in the direction of the mixed tank, and wherein a second part flow rate of delivery of this first flow rate of delivery is circulated in the feeder fuel circuit. The second pumping device of the booster fuel circuit draws the fuel from the mixed tank with a second flow rate of delivery, which is significantly greater than the first flow rate of delivery. Thus, more fuel is delivered via the or each marine diesel engine than the latter actually uses in order to make available excess fuel in particular for cooling tasks and lubricating tasks. In particular, fuel not consumed by the or each combustion engine is recirculated into the mixed tank via a return of the booster fuel circuit.
In particular, when the or each marine diesel engine combusts heavy fuel oil, the heavy fuel oil has to be heated in order to ensure a suitable viscosity of the latter. In particular, when a conversion of the fuel delivery from heavy fuel oil to a distillate fuel is to take place, the booster fuel circuit in particular has to be cooled down prior to the conversion to the distillate fuel. This cooling down is effected through the fuel rate or the first part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery, which is additionally delivered from the feeder fuel circuit via the mixed tank into the booster fuel circuit. This first part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery is load-dependent or dependent on the actual fuel consumption of the or each marine diesel engine. For this reason, according to the practice, the cooling of the booster fuel circuit is also load-dependent.
This load-dependency of the cooling of the booster fuel circuit is disadvantageous in particular since with the load-dependency of the cooling, the start of a conversion of the fuel delivery from a heavy fuel oil to a distillate fuel also becomes load-dependent.
Starting out from this, the present invention is based on the object of creating a new type of fuel supply system for at least one marine diesel engine and a method for operating the same.
This object is solved through a fuel supply system according to Claim 1. According to the invention, a fuel discharge line branches off the booster fuel circuit upstream of the mixed tank, in which a control valve is connected, which dependent on a measurement signal of a flow measuring device in the feeder fuel circuit can be activated in such a manner that independently of the actual fuel consumption of the or each marine diesel engine, a constant fuel rate can be delivered into the mixed tank from the feeder fuel circuit. Because of this, a load-independent cooling of the booster fuel circuit can be ensured prior to a conversion of the fuel delivery from a heavy fuel oil to a distillate fuel. Thus, the conversion of the fuel delivery from a heavy fuel oil to a distillate fuel is also load-independent.
Preferentially, the fuel discharge line branches off a return of the booster fuel circuit upstream of the mixed tank, wherein the fuel discharge line preferentially leads to the first fuel tank. This configuration is simple and therefore preferred.
The method for operating such a fuel supply system according to the invention is defined in Claim 7.
Preferred further developments of the invention are obtained from the subclaims and from the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by means of the drawing without being restricted to this. Here it shows:
Fig. 1: a schematic representation of a fuel supply system according to the invention for at least one marine diesel engine.
The present invention relates to a fuel supply system for at least one marine diesel engine of a ship and a method for operating such a fuel supply system.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel supply system 1, which in the shown exemplary embodiment serves for the fuel supply of two marine diesel engines 2 and 3. In contrast with the shown exemplary embodiment, the fuel supply system 1 can also merely supply one marine diesel engine or more than two marine diesel engines with fuel.
The fuel supply system 1 comprises a feeder fuel circuit 4 and a booster fuel circuit 5.
The feeder fuel circuit 4 comprises a first pumping device 6, which in the shown exemplary embodiment is formed by two fuel pumps 7 and 8 connected in parallel. A shut-off valve 9 and 10 is located upstream of each of the two pumps 7 and 8 in the shown exemplary embodiment. It is pointed out that instead of two fuel pumps 7 and 8, the first pumping device 6 can also comprise merely one fuel pump or more than two fuel pumps connected in parallel.
With the help of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4, either originating from a first fuel tank 12, a first fuel, namely in the shown exemplary embodiment a heavy fuel oil, or originating from a second fuel tank 13, a second fuel, namely in the shown exemplary embodiment a distillate fuel, can be drawn dependent on the switching position of a valve 11, wherein the fuel drawn with the help of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 can be delivered in the direction of a mixed tank 14.
In a normal operating mode of the fuel delivery system 1, the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 draws the appropriate fuel from one of the two fuel tanks 12 or 13 with a defined first flow rate of delivery, wherein a first part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery can be delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14 and wherein a second part flow rate of delivery of this first flow rate of delivery is circulated in the feeder fuel circuit 4 via a circulating line 15, in which a pressure limiting valve 16 is integrated.
In particular when the marine diesel engines 2 and 3 are operated at full load and in total consume 100% fuel, the first flow rate of delivery, which is drawn by the pumping device 6 from one of the two fuel tanks 12 and 13, is typically 160% of this fuel consumption, wherein the first part flow rate of delivery delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14 then amounts to 100% and the second part flow rate of delivery conducted via the circulating line 15 then amounts to 60%.
The first part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14 via the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 can be routed according to Fig. 1 via a flow measuring device 17, in particular when a valve 18 connected upstream of the flow measuring device 17 is opened.
Alternatively it is possible for example in particular when the flow measuring device 17 is defective, to route the first part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery past the flow measuring device 17 via a bypass line 19, the valve 18 then being closed and a valve integrated in the bypass line 19 being opened.
It is pointed out here that the second part flow rate of delivery of the first flow rate of delivery, which is circulated in the feeder fuel circuit 4 via the circulating line 15, is set with the help of the pressure limiting valve 16 in such a manner that a constant pressure level is formed for the first part flow rate of delivery delivered to the mixed tank 14. This pressure level can for example be at 7 bar.
In particular when via the feeder fuel circuit 4, originating from the first fuel tank 12, heavy fuel oil as first fuel type is delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14, this heavy fuel oil is preheated in the first fuel tank 12, wherein the temperature of the heavy fuel oil in the first part flow rate of delivery delivered to the mixed tank 14 is typically around 90°C.
The booster circuit 5 comprises a second pumping device 21, with the help of which fuel can be drawn from the mixed tank 14 and can be delivered in the direction of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3. The part of the booster fuel circuit 5, via which, starting out from the mixed tank 14, fuel can be delivered to the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, is also called supply 22 of the booster fuel circuit 5. Fuel, which is delivered via the supply 22 in the direction of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, is not combusted in the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, can be returned in the direction of the mixed tank 14 via a return 23 of the booster fuel circuit 5.
As is evident from Fig. 1, the fuel drawn from the mixed tank 14 via the second pumping device 21 of the booster fuel circuit 5 can be delivered via a preheating device 24, namely in particular when the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 is operated with heavy fuel oil. In particular when the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 is operated with distillate fuel is a valve 25 located upstream of the preheating device 24 closed in order to then route the distillate fuel with opened valve 27 via a bypass line 26. Downstream of the preheating device 24, a viscosity measuring device 28 is integrated in the supply 22 of the booster fuel circuit 5 which, in particular when heavy fuel oil is routed via the preheating device 24, controls the operation of the preheating device 24 in order to influence the viscosity of the heavy fuel oil via the preheating device 24.
Typically, heavy fuel oil is heated by the preheating device 24 in order to set a viscosity of 21-14 c St (stokes), wherein the pressure level in the booster fuel circuit 5 downstream of the second pumping device 21 can be around 12 bar for example.
As already explained, the second pumping device 21 of the booster fuel circuit 5 draws fuel from the mixed tank 14 and delivers it in the direction of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, namely depending on the opening position of valves 29, 30 located upstream of the marine diesel engines 2, 3. The second pumping device 21 of the booster fuel circuit 5 draws fuel from the mixed tank 14 with a second flow rate of delivery which is significantly higher than the first flow rate of delivery of the feeder fuel circuit 4.
Thus it is provided in a concrete exemplary embodiment that in particular when the first flow rate of delivery of the feeder fuel circuit 4 amounts to 160%, the second flow rate of delivery of the booster fuel circuit 5 amounts to 300%, wherein in particular when both valves 29, 30 are opened, 150% part transfer flow rate is routed via each marine diesel engine 2, 3.
Together, both marine diesel engines 2, 3 however can combust a maximum of 100% of fuel at full load, i.e. each marine diesel engine 2, 3 by itself a maximum of 50% each. From this it follows that more fuel is delivered via both marine diesel engines 2, 3 than can be combusted in these, wherein this excess fuel is used for cooling and lubrication and can be returned in the direction of the mixed tank 14 via the return 23.
In particular when one of the two valves 29, 30 is closed, i.e. when one of the two marine diesel engines 2, 3 is disconnected from the supply 22 of the booster fuel circuit 5, the fuel which cannot be delivered via the disconnected marine diesel engine 2, 3 is routed past the other marine diesel engine 3, 2 via a bypass line 31, while a bypass valve 32 integrated in this bypass line 31 is then open.
Fuel, which can be delivered back in the direction of the mixed tank 14 via the return 23 of the booster fuel circuit 5 can either be routed via a cooling device 34 or via a bypass line 35 dependent on the position of a valve 33 integrated in the return 23.
In particular when in the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 a heavy fuel oil is combusted as fuel, excess uncombusted heavy fuel oil is routed past the cooling device 34 via the bypass line 35. In particular when in the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 a distillate fuel is combusted as fuel, excess uncombusted distillate fuel can be routed via the cooling device 34 dependent on its temperature.
According to Fig. 1, a coarse filter 36, 37 in the exemplary embodiment is located upstream of each combustion engine 2, 3 downstream of the respective valve 29, 30 in order to filter out coarse contaminations from the fuel delivered in the booster fuel circuit 5 and thereby protect the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 from damage.
The first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 is preferentially designed in such a manner that in a changeover operating mode, in which for the operation of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 a change is made from the first fuel, i.e. from the heavy fuel oil to the second fuel, i.e. the distillate fuel, to no longer draw the second fuel with the first flow rate of delivery starting out from the second fuel tank 13, but rather with a third flow rate of delivery which is greater than the first flow rate of delivery.
According to an advantageous configuration it is provided here that the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 is designed in such a manner that in changeover operating mode it draws the second fuel from the second fuel tank 13 with such a third flow rate of delivery that the first part flow rate of delivery of the third flow rate of delivery delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14 corresponds to the second flow rate of delivery of the booster fuel circuit 5, i.e. the flow rate of delivery of the second pumping device 21 of the booster fuel circuit.
In a concrete exemplary embodiment it is provided that in the changeover operating mode the first part flow rate of delivery of the third flow rate of delivery, which is delivered in the direction of the mixed tank 14 starting out from the pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4, amounts to 300%, i.e. corresponds to the second flow rate of delivery of the booster fuel circuit 5.
Here it can be provided via each of the two pumps 7, 8 of the pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 to draw 160% of second fuel each from the second fuel tank 13 in order to feed 300% to the mixed tank 14 and in order to circulate the remaining 20% in the feeder fuel circuit 4 via the circulating line 15.
In the return 23 of the booster fuel circuit 5 a first shut-off valve 38 is connected upstream of the mixed tank 14, which in the normal operating mode is opened and in the changeover operating mode is closed. Upstream of this first shut-off valve 38, a fuel discharge line 39 branches off the return 23 of the booster fuel circuit 5, which fuel discharge line 39 in the shown exemplary embodiment opens into the first fuel tank 12 for the heavy fuel oil. A second shutoff valve 40 is connected into this fuel discharge line 39, which is closed in the normal operating mode and opened in the changeover operating mode.
When changing over the fuel supply from a heavy fuel oil to a distillate fuel it is possible accordingly to increase the rate of delivery of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 in order to thereby rapidly remove the heavy fuel oil still present in the booster fuel circuit 5 from the latter and rapidly replace said heavy fuel oil with distillate fuel. Following an increase of the rate of delivery of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4, the second shut-off valve 40 is initially opened for this purpose and the first shutoff valve 38 then closed.
Following the change to the changeover operating mode, the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4 is operated with the increased rate of delivery preferentially for a defined period of time or a defined flow rate, so that accordingly the changeover operating mode remains active for a defined period of time or for a defined flow rate.
Following expiration of this period of time or following reaching of this flow rate, the change back into the normal operating mode is made, wherein for this purpose the two shut-off valves 38 and 40 are initially activat- ed, namely the first shut-off valve 38 is opened and the second shut-off valve 40 is closed in order to subsequently reduce the rate of delivery of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4, namely from the third flow rate of delivery to the first flow rate of delivery, which in the normal operating mode is drawn from the respective fuel tank 12, 13 from the first pumping device 6.
When changing from a heavy fuel oil supply to a distillate fuel supply, the heavy fuel oil present in the booster fuel circuit 5 can consequently be rapidly removed from the latter and rapidly replaced by distillate fuel, so that within a short time after the changing over of the fuel supply to a distillate fuel supply a ship can enter a SECA zone.
In the sense of the invention, a control valve 41 is connected into the fuel discharge line 39 branching off the booster fuel circuit 5 upstream of the mixed tank 14. This control valve 41 in the shown exemplary embodiment is connected parallel to the second shut-off valve 40. This control valve 41 according to the invention is activatable dependent on a measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 of the feeder fuel circuit. With this control valve 41 it is possible, in particular when the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 combusts relatively little fuel and accordingly relatively little fuel is additionally delivered into the mixed tank 14 from the feeder fuel circuit 4, to discharge fuel from the return 23 in the direction of the fuel discharge line 39 by suitably opening the control valve 41 in order to adjust or simulate a constant consumption in the booster fuel circuit 5 independently of the actual fuel consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, in order to re-route a constant relatively large fuel rate into the mixed tank 14 via the feeder fuel circuit 4.
This is advantageous in particular when upon a change from normal operating mode to the changeover operating mode the temperature in the booster fuel circuit 5 of the fuel supply system 1 is to be reduced prior to increasing the rate of delivery of the first pumping device 6 of the feeder fuel circuit 4.
As explained above, the temperature level in the booster fuel circuit 5 in heavy fuel oil operating mode is approximately 140°C. Before a change to a distillate fuel operation, the temperature level in the booster fuel circuit 5 however is to be lowered to approximately 45°C.
A period of time, which is needed for such a cooling operation, is dependent, according to practice, on the actual fuel consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3. By activating the control valve 41 dependent on the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17, the cooling operation can be organized independently of the actual consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3. Thus, the time at which the changeover to the distillate fuel operation can take place is also independent of the actual consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3.
By opening the control valve 41, a constantly high fuel consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 can be simulated, in order to deliver a constant rate of delivery into the mixed tank 14 via the pumping device 6. In particular when the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 thus indicates a relatively low consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, the control valve 41 is opened further, whereas in particular when the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 indicates a relatively high consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3, the control valve 41 is closed further.
Preferentially, activation of the control valve 41 takes place dependent on the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 in such a manner that the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 is compared with a setpoint value. If the measurement signal of the flow measuring device 17 is greater than the setpoint value or corresponds to the latter, i.e. if the actual consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 is correspondingly high, the control valve 41 is closed. If however, the measurement signal of the flow measurement device 17 is smaller than the setpoint value, i.e. the actual consumption of the or each marine diesel engine 2, 3 is lower, the control valve 41 is opened dependent on the deviation between the setpoint value and the actual value of the measurement signal in order to simulate a constant consumption and via the feeder fuel circuit 4, deliver a constant fuel flow rate into the mixed tank 14. This brings about a rapid, load-independent lowering of the temperature level in the booster fuel circuit 5.
List of reference numbers 1 Feeder fuel circuit 2 Marine diesel engine 3 Marine diesel engine 4 Feeder fuel circuit 5 Booster fuel circuit 6 Pumping device 7 Fuel pump 8 Fuel pump 9 Shut-off valve 10 Shut-off valve 11 Valve 12 Fuel tank 13 Fuel tank 14 Mixed tank 15 Circulating line 16 Pressure limiting valve 17 Flow measuring device 18 Valve 19 Bypass line 20 Valve 21 Pumping device 22 Supply 23 Return 24 Preheating device 25 Valve 26 Bypass line 27 Valve 28 Viscosity measuring device 29 Valve 30 Valve 31 Bypass line 32 Bypass valve 33 Valve 34 Cooling device 35 Bypass line 36 Coarse filter 37 Coarse filter 38 Shut-off valve 39 Fuel discharge line 40 Shut-off valve 41 Control valve

Claims (10)

1. Polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto (1), jossa on syöttöpolttoainepiiri (4), jonka avulla ensimmäisellä pumppulaitteelle (6) voidaan kuljettaa, lähtien ensimmäisestä polttoainesäiliöstä (12) ensimmäistä polttoainetyyppiä varten, ensimmäistä polttoainetta, erityisesti raskasta polttoöljyä, tai lähtien toisesta polttoainesäiliöstä (13) toista polttoainetyyppiä varten, toista polttoainetta, erityisesti tislepolttoainetta, sekoitussäiliön (14) suuntaan; ja lisäpolttoainepiiri (5), jonka avulla toisella pumppulaitteella (21) voidaan kuljettaa, lähtien sekoitus-tankista (14), polttoainetta vähintään yhdelle laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneelle (2, 3), t u n n e 11 u siitä, että lisäpolttoainepiiristä (5) haarautuu sekoitussäiliön (14) suhteen ylävirtaan polttoaineenpoistojohto (39), johon on kytketty säätö-venttiili (41), joka syöttöpolttoainepiirissä (4) olevan läpivirtausmittalaitteen (17) mittaussignaalista riippuvaisesti on ohjattavissa siten, että riippumatta laivadie-selpolttomoottorikoneen tai jokaisen laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen (2, 3) todellisesta polttoaineenkulutuksesta syöttöpolttoainepiiristä (4) on kuljetettavissa aina vakio polttoainemäärä sekoitustankkiin (14).A fuel supply apparatus (1) having a fuel supply circuit (4) for transporting to the first pumping device (6), starting from the first fuel tank (12) for the first fuel type, the first fuel, particularly heavy fuel oil, or the second fuel tank (13). for the second fuel, in particular distillate fuel, in the direction of the mixing tank (14); and an auxiliary fuel circuit (5) for transporting fuel from the mixing tank (14) to the at least one marine diesel engine engine (2, 3) by means of the second pumping device (21), feeling 11 u that the auxiliary fuel circuit (5) branches to the mixing tank (14) an upstream fuel drain line (39) coupled to a control valve (41) which, depending on the measurement signal of the flow measurement device (17) in the feed fuel circuit (4), is controlled such that, ) can always be transported to a standard fuel tank (14). 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että polttoaineenpoistojohto (39) haarautuu lisäpolttoainepii-rin (5) paluukierrosta (23) ylävirtaan sekoitussäiliön (14) suhteen.Fuel supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel discharge line (39) is branched upstream of the return circuit (23) of the auxiliary fuel circuit (5) with respect to the mixing tank (14). 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että polttoaineenpoistojohto (39) johtaa ensimmäiseen polttoainesäiliöön (12).Fuel supply system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fuel discharge line (39) leads to the first fuel tank (12). 4. Patenttivaatimuksen 2 tai 3 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että lisäpolttoainepiirin (5) paluukiertoon (23) ylävirtaan sekoitussäiliön (14) suhteen on kytketty ensimmäinen sulkuventtiili (38), ja että polttoaineenpoistojohto (39) haarautuu paluukierrosta (23) ylävirtaan ensimmäisen sulkuventtiilin (38) suhteen, jolloin polttoaineenpoistojohtoon (39) on kytketty toinen sulkuventtiili (40), joka on kytketty rinnan säätöventtiiliin (41) nähden.Fuel supply apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a first shut-off valve (38) is connected upstream of the return fuel circuit (23) of the auxiliary fuel circuit (5), and that the fuel discharge line (39) is branched upstream from the 38), wherein a second shut-off valve (40) is connected to the fuel outlet line (39) which is connected in parallel with the control valve (41). 5. Patenttivaatimuksen 4 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että normaalikäyttötilassa syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) ensimmäinen pumppulaite (6) imee ensimmäistä polttoainetta tai toista polttoainetta ensimmäisellä kuljetustilavuusvirralla kulloisestakin polttoainesäiliöstä (12, 13), kuljettaa ensimmäisen kuljetustilavuusvirran ensimmäisen osakuljetustilavuus-virran sekoitussäiliön (14) suuntaan ja kierrättää ensimmäisen kuljetustilavuusvirran toisen osakuljetustilavuusvirran, ja että edelleen normaalikäyttötilassa lisäpolttoainepiirin (5) toinen pumppulaite (21) imee toisella kuljetustilavuusvir-ralla, joka on suurempi kuin ensimmäinen kuljetustilavuusvirta, polttoainetta sekoitussäiliöstä (14), kuljettaa sitä laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen tai jokaisen laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen (2, 3) suuntaan ja takaisin sekoitussäiliöön (14) sen polttoaineen, jota laivadieselpolttomoottorikone tai jokainen laivadie-selpolttomoottorikone (2, 3) ei ole polttanut, jolloin syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) ensimmäinen pumppulaite (6) on muodostettu siten, että tämä vaihtokytkentä-käyttötilassa, jossa laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen tai jokaisen laivadieselpolt-tomoottorikoneen (2, 3) käyttämiseksi ensimmäinen polttoainetyyppi vaihdetaan toiseksi polttoainetyypiksi, imee toista polttoainetta toisesta polttoainesäiliöstä kolmannella kuljetustilavuusvirralla, joka on suurempi kuin ensimmäinen tilavuusvirta, jolloin ensimmäinen sulkuventtiili (38) on normaalikäyttötilassa avattuna ja vaihtokytkentäkäyttötilassa suljettuna, jolloin toinen sulkuventtiili (40) on normaalikäyttötilassa suljettuna ja vaihtokytkentäkäyttötilassa avattuna.Fuel supply apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that, in normal operation, the first pumping device (6) of the fuel supply circuit (4) draws the first fuel or second fuel from the respective fuel tank (12, 13) and carries the first recirculates the second partial displacement flow of the first transport volume flow, and that in further normal operation, the second pumping device (21) for the auxiliary fuel circuit (5) sucks the second transport volume flow greater than the first transport volume flow, and back to the mixing tank (14) for the fuel supplied by the marine diesel engine or each marine diesel engine (2). , 3) has not burned, wherein the first pumping device (6) of the fuel supply circuit (4) is configured to switch from a first fuel to a second fuel type to operate a marine diesel engine or each marine diesel engine (2, 3) the fuel tank at a third delivery volume flow greater than the first volume flow, wherein the first shut-off valve (38) is open in normal operation and closed in change-over operation, the second shut-off valve (40) is closed in normal operation and open. 6. Patenttivaatimuksen 5 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) ensimmäinen pumppulaite (6) on muodostettu siten, että tämä imee toista polttoainetta vaihtokytkentäkäyttötilassa sellaisella kolmannella kuljetustilavuusvirralla, että sekoitussäiliöön (14) kuljetettu kolmannen kuljetustilavuusvirran ensimmäinen osakuljetustilavuus-virta vastaa lisäpolttoainepiirin (5) toista kuljetustilavuusvirtaa.Fuel supply apparatus according to Claim 5, characterized in that the first pumping device (6) of the fuel supply circuit (4) is designed to absorb the second fuel in a switching mode at a third delivery volume flow corresponding to ) another transport volume flow. 7. Menetelmä jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 1 - 6 mukaisen polttoai-neensyöttölaitteiston käyttämiseksi, tunnettu siitä, että säätöventtiiliä (41) syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) läpivirtausmittalaitteen (17) mittaussignaalista riippuvaisesti ohjataan siten, että riippumatta laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen tai jokaisen laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen (2, 3) todellisesta polttoaineenkulutuksesta syöttöpolttoainepiiristä (4) kuljetetaan aina vakio polttoainemäärä sekoi-tustankkiin (14).A method for operating the fuel supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control valve (41) 4) always transporting a constant amount of fuel to the mixing tank (14). 8. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että säätöventtiilin (41) ohjaus syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) läpivirtausmittalaitteen (17) mittaussignaalista riippuvaisesti tapahtuu ennen nor-maalikäyttötilan vaihtamista vaihtokytkentäkäyttötilaan, jotta saadaan aikaan lisäpolttoainepiirin (5) jäähdytys riippumatta laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen tai jokaisen laivadieselpolttomoottorikoneen (2, 3) todellisesta polttoaineenkulutuksesta.Fuel supply apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that control of the control valve (41) depending on the measurement signal of the flow fuel measuring device (17) takes place before switching the normal operating mode to a switching mode (5). 3) actual fuel consumption. 9. Patenttivaatimuksen 8 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että normaalikäyttötilan vaihtamiseksi vaihtokytkentäkäyttöti- laan syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) ensimmäinen pumppulaite (6) muutetaan aluksi ensimmäiseltä kuljetustilavuusvirralta kolmannelle kuljetustilavuusvirralle, ja että seuraavaksi toinen sulkuventtiili (40) avataan ja ensimmäinen sulkuventtiili (38) suljetaan.Fuel supply apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the first pumping device (6) of the fuel supply circuit (4) is initially changed from a first flow volume to a third flow volume, and the second shut-off valve (40) is opened and closed. 10. Patenttivaatimuksen 9 mukainen polttoaineensyöttölaitteisto, tunnettu siitä, että vaihtokytkentäkäyttötilan vaihtamiseksi normaalikäyttöti-laan aluksi avataan ensimmäinen sulkuventtiili (38) ja suljetaan toinen sulku-venttiili (40), ja että seuraavaksi syöttöpolttoainepiirin (4) ensimmäinen pumppulaite (6) muutetaan kolmannelta kuljetustilavuusvirralta ensimmäiselle kuljetustilavuusvirralle.The fuel supply apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that for switching the toggle mode to the normal operating mode, first opening the first shut-off valve (38) and closing the second shut-off valve (40), and subsequently changing the first pump volume (6) from the .
FI20136279A 2012-12-20 2013-12-18 Fuel feed system and method of operating the system FI126001B (en)

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