JPS59141742A - Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator - Google Patents

Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator

Info

Publication number
JPS59141742A
JPS59141742A JP58015958A JP1595883A JPS59141742A JP S59141742 A JPS59141742 A JP S59141742A JP 58015958 A JP58015958 A JP 58015958A JP 1595883 A JP1595883 A JP 1595883A JP S59141742 A JPS59141742 A JP S59141742A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
engine
heavy oil
heater
type heavy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP58015958A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takehiko Hibi
日比　武彦
Yoshitake Takagi
高木　賀建
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Engineering Corp
Original Assignee
NKK Corp
Nippon Kokan Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NKK Corp, Nippon Kokan Ltd filed Critical NKK Corp
Priority to JP58015958A priority Critical patent/JPS59141742A/en
Publication of JPS59141742A publication Critical patent/JPS59141742A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0615—Switch-over from one fuel to another being initiated by automatic means, e.g. based on engine or vehicle operating conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0626—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0628—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0657—Heavy or light fuel oils; Fuels characterised by their impurities such as sulfur content or differences in grade, e.g. for ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0673—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators; Mixers
    • F02D19/0676—Multi-way valves; Switch-over valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To change over the fuel oil of a diesel engine promptly and within a prescribed temperature difference, by providing a heater in a light-oil supply system of the diesel engine designed to use a light oil at the time of starting and stopping the engine and to use a heavy oil at the time of steady operation of the same, and changing-over the fuel oil according to the temperature of light oil. CONSTITUTION:A diesel-engine generator I is provided with a system for supplying a mixed oil (B-type oil) to the engine via a C-type heavy oil tank 1, an A- type heavy oil tank 2, a mixer 3, a return chamber 4 and a heater 6 and a system for supplying A-type heavy oil to the engine via the A-type heavy oil tank 2, a heater 12 and a three-way valve 7A. At the time of starting the engine, A- type heavy oil is supplied to the engine by opening a by-pass valve 9 and operating the heater 12 by a signal given from a control panel 11. In case of changing- over the fuel oil from the A-type heavy oil to B-type heavy oil, on the other hand, the by-pass valve 9 is closed when the output value of a temperature switch 12a reaches a prescribed value. At the same time, three-way valves 7A, 7B are both switched to the side of B-type heavy oil, and operation of the heater 12 is stopped.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は船舶等に塔載される比較的発停回数の多いデ
ィーゼル発電機関の燃料油の切換方法に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuel oil switching method for a diesel power generation engine mounted on a ship or the like and which is started and stopped relatively frequently.

この種のディーゼル発電機関では通常機関を始動すると
きは燃焼性の良い軽質油（軽油、Ａ重油等以下Ａ油と称
す）を用い、暖機した後の定常運転時には燃料を価格の
安い重質油（Ｃ重油、Ｃ重油とＡ重油の混合油等・以下
Ｂ油と称す）に切換えて運転している。またごく低い出
力で運転する場合又は機関を停止するときはＢ油からＡ
油に切換えている。This type of diesel power generation engine usually uses light oil with good combustibility (light oil, A heavy oil, etc., hereinafter referred to as A oil) when starting the engine, and during steady operation after warming up, it uses cheaper heavy fuel as fuel. It is operated by switching to oil (C heavy oil, mixed oil of C heavy oil and A heavy oil, etc., hereinafter referred to as B oil). Also, when operating at very low output or when stopping the engine, change the oil from B to A.
Switching to oil.

この場合、一般的にＡ油は加熱されていないため常温状
態であり、一方Ｂ油は暮夏が高いため加熱されている。In this case, oil A is generally not heated and is therefore at room temperature, whereas oil B is heated because it is high in late summer.

そしてＡ油からＢ油に切換えるときに燃料油の温度差が
太きいと、ディーゼル発電機関の燃料弁がスティックし
て、ディーゼル発電、機関が停止してし才う。この温度
差はディーゼル発電機関の種類にもよるが一般的に３０
’以下とされている。そこで、従来は切換えに際し、操
作者が温度差を見ながらＡ油を加熱し、所足の温度差に
なった時点で燃料油を切換えるようにしていた。しかし
、この手動切換操作では、操作者に相当の経験を必要と
しまた切換えに時間がかかる等の問題があった。If there is a large temperature difference between the fuel oils when switching from oil A to oil B, the fuel valve of the diesel power generation engine will stick, causing the diesel power generation and engine to stop. This temperature difference depends on the type of diesel engine, but generally 30
'It is said that the following. Therefore, conventionally, when switching, the operator heated oil A while observing the temperature difference, and switched the fuel oil when the temperature difference reached a sufficient level. However, this manual switching operation requires a considerable amount of experience on the part of the operator, and there are problems in that the switching takes time.

この発明は、上記のような実情にかんがみてなされたも
ので、その目的はＡ油の温度ｆｉｌ動制御することｌこ
より燃料油の切換えを自動的Ｉこ行なうことができるよ
う番こした燃料油の切換方法を提供しようａするもので
ある。This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to control the temperature of oil A, thereby creating a fuel oil that is specially prepared so that the fuel oil can be switched automatically. The purpose of this invention is to provide a switching method.

この発明方法の特徴は、始動、停止時に軽質油（Ａ油）
を用い足音運転時には重質油（Ｂ油）を用いるディーゼ
ル発電機で、重質油の供給系統ｌこ加熱器を設けると共
に、軽質油の供給系統に加熱器を設は軽質油の温度を制
御しながら二種の燃料を切換えることである。The feature of this invention method is that light oil (A oil) is used during starting and stopping.
In a diesel generator that uses heavy oil (B oil) during footstep operation, a heater is installed in the heavy oil supply system, and a heater is installed in the light oil supply system to control the temperature of the light oil. It is possible to switch between two types of fuel at the same time.

以下まずこの発明方法を実施するための装置の一実施例
を図面により説明する。図中１，２はそれぞれＣ重油及
びＡ重油のサービスタンクである。Ｃ重油及びＡ重油は
混合器３でブレンドされＢ油となってリターンチャンバ
４に送給される。このリターンチャンバ４には、レベル
制御器４ａが設けられ、混合器３を発停して常に一定の
油面を保つようになっている。５はＢ油ポンプで、ポン
プ加圧されたＢ油は、Ｂ油加熱器６で所定の温度例えば
７０°（６５°十配管内温度低下５°）に加熱される。First, an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of this invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 and 2 are service tanks for heavy oil C and heavy oil A, respectively. Heavy oil C and heavy oil A are blended in a mixer 3 to become oil B, which is sent to a return chamber 4. This return chamber 4 is provided with a level controller 4a, which starts and stops the mixer 3 to maintain a constant oil level at all times. 5 is a B oil pump, and the B oil pressurized by the pump is heated by a B oil heater 6 to a predetermined temperature, for example, 70° (65° + 5° temperature drop in the pipe).

６ａはこのための温度制御器である。加熱されたＢ油は
、ディーゼル発電機関■が待機状態番こあるさきは、バ
イパス弁９を通り、リターンチャンバ４に戻り、循環さ
れている。6a is a temperature controller for this purpose. When the diesel power generating engine (2) is in standby mode, the heated oil B passes through the bypass valve 9, returns to the return chamber 4, and is circulated.

ＩＯはＡ油のリターンチャンバで、Ａ油はＡ重油サービ
スタンク２から送給される。１２はＡ油の例えば電気式
の加熱器であり、温度スイッチ１２ａの信号ζこ基づき
制御盤１１＃こよって温度制御される。IO is a return chamber for A oil, and A oil is fed from the A heavy oil service tank 2. Reference numeral 12 denotes, for example, an electric heater for oil A, and its temperature is controlled by a control panel 11# based on a signal ζ from a temperature switch 12a.

ディーゼル発成機関Ｉに対するＡ油、Ｂ油の切換えは、
ディーゼル機関Ｉの前後に設けられた三方切換弁７Ａ、
７Ｂによって行なわれる。Switching between A oil and B oil for diesel generating engine I is as follows:
Three-way switching valve 7A provided before and after the diesel engine I,
Performed by 7B.

三方切換弁７Ａ、７Ｂは空気圧作動のピストン升で、電
磁弁８，８を制御盤１１からの信号によって動作させる
ことによって切換えられる。The three-way switching valves 7A and 7B are pneumatically operated piston cells, and are switched by operating the solenoid valves 8 and 8 in response to a signal from the control panel 11.

しかして、待機状態にあるディーゼル発電機関Ｉを始動
させるときは、制御盤１１からの信号により三方切換弁
７Ａ、７Ｂ’ｉ遮断状態からＡ油側に切換え、同時に重
油の加熱を開始してディーゼル機関を始動する。Ａ油は
加熱器１２により徐々に加熱され、所定の温度に達する
と温度スイッチ１２ａからの信号によって制御盤１１が
Ａ油からＢ油への切換信号を出す。この場合温度スイッ
チ１２ａの設定は、例えば４０’（機関入口温度Ｃ５°
−許容温度差３０’十配管内温度低下５°）とされてい
る。When starting the diesel power generating engine I in the standby state, the three-way switching valves 7A and 7B'i are switched from the shutoff state to the A oil side by a signal from the control panel 11, and at the same time heating of the heavy oil is started to generate the diesel engine. Start the engine. Oil A is gradually heated by the heater 12, and when it reaches a predetermined temperature, the control panel 11 issues a switching signal from oil A to oil B in response to a signal from the temperature switch 12a. In this case, the setting of the temperature switch 12a is, for example, 40' (engine inlet temperature C5°
- Allowable temperature difference: 30' + pipe internal temperature drop: 5°).

Ａ油からＢ油への切換に際し、制御盤１１からはバイパ
ス弁９の閉信号、三方切換弁７Ａ。When switching from oil A to oil B, the control panel 11 sends a close signal to the bypass valve 9 and a three-way switching valve 7A.

７Ｂ（ＤＢ油側への切換信号、Ａ油加熱停止信号が出さ
れる。こうして、ディーゼル機関Ｉは許容温度差３０°
以内でＡ油からＢ油に切換えらｎ、足音運転状態となる
。7B (Switching signal to DB oil side and A oil heating stop signal are issued. In this way, diesel engine I has an allowable temperature difference of 30°.
If the oil is switched from oil A to oil B within n, the operation will start with the sound of footsteps.

次−こ、機関停止の場合は、制御盤１１からの信号によ
り才ず入口三方切換弁７ＡｉＢ油側からＡ油側に切換え
る。（通常Ｂ油からＡ油ｔこ切換える場合は温度差の東
件はないが、もし機種により温度差の制限がある場合は
Ａ油加熱器を作動させる。）ついで約３分後ｌこ出口三
方切換弁７ＢをＢ油側からＡ油側ｌこ切換える。これは
機関内のＢ油が完全−こＡ油に置換するのに約３分を要
すること及び置換時のＡ油、Ｂ油の混合油’ｋＡ油側に
混入させないためである。出口三方切換弁７Ｂの切換後
に、機関を停止させる。Next, when the engine is stopped, the three-way inlet switching valve 7 is switched from the AiB oil side to the A oil side in response to a signal from the control panel 11. (Normally, when switching from B oil to A oil, there is no difference in temperature, but if there is a limit on the temperature difference depending on the model, operate the A oil heater.) Next, after about 3 minutes, the oil on both sides of the l Switch the switching valve 7B from the B oil side to the A oil side. This is because it takes about 3 minutes to completely replace oil B in the engine with oil A, and to prevent oil from mixing with the mixed oil of oil A and oil B at the time of replacement. After switching the outlet three-way switching valve 7B, the engine is stopped.

そして、次の始動に備え、三方切換弁７Ａ。Then, in preparation for the next start, the three-way switching valve 7A.

７Ｂを遮断すると共にバイパス弁９全開き、待期状態と
する。7B is shut off and the bypass valve 9 is fully opened to enter a standby state.

な旬上記実施例ではＡ油の温度制御を、温度スイッチを
利用して行なっているが、通常の温度制御装置を制御盤
に組込んでもよい。また加熱器容量によって、所定温度
までの加熱時間がほぼ定まるので、タイマーをこよって
間接的に温度制御するようにしてもよい。In the above embodiment, the temperature of oil A is controlled using a temperature switch, but a normal temperature control device may be incorporated into the control panel. Furthermore, since the heating time to reach a predetermined temperature is approximately determined by the capacity of the heater, the temperature may be controlled indirectly using a timer.

この発明の燃料油切換方法は上記のようなものであるか
ら、Ａ油、Ｂ油の切換えを自動的に行なうことができる
ので、特に熟練した操作者を必要とせず、また短時間に
切換えることができる。Since the fuel oil switching method of the present invention is as described above, it is possible to automatically switch between oil A and oil B, so there is no need for a particularly skilled operator, and the switching can be done in a short time. Can be done.

【図面の簡単な説明】 図面は、この発明方法を実施するための装置の一実施例
を示すものである。 ６・・・Ｂ油加熱器、１１・制御盤、１２−・・Ａ油加
熱器。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawing shows an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention. 6...B oil heater, 11-control panel, 12-...A oil heater.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 始動、停止時ｆこ軽質油を用い定常運転時ｌこは重質油
を用いるディーゼル発電機関で、重質油の供給系統に加
熱器を設けると共に、軽質油の供給系統に加熱器を設は
軽質油の温度を制御しながら二種の燃料を切換えること
を特徴とするディーゼル発電機関の燃料油切換方法。When starting and stopping, light oil is used. During steady operation, diesel power generation engines use heavy oil.A heater is installed in the heavy oil supply system, and a heater is also installed in the light oil supply system. A fuel oil switching method for a diesel power generation engine, characterized by switching between two types of fuel while controlling the temperature of light oil.
JP58015958A 1983-02-02 1983-02-02 Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator Pending JPS59141742A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58015958A JPS59141742A (en) 1983-02-02 1983-02-02 Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58015958A JPS59141742A (en) 1983-02-02 1983-02-02 Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59141742A true JPS59141742A (en) 1984-08-14

Family

ID=11903237

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58015958A Pending JPS59141742A (en) 1983-02-02 1983-02-02 Method for changing-over fuel oil in diesel-engine generator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59141742A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63112266U (en) * 1987-01-13 1988-07-19
JPH0383374U (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-08-23
WO2006005930A2 (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Regenatec Limited Operating internal combustion engines with plant oil
JP2010038018A (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-02-18 Conhira Co Ltd Combustion system and combustion method
KR101177698B1 (en) 2010-03-22 2012-08-29 삼성중공업 주식회사 Marine fuel consumption device
JP2014122633A (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-07-03 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Fuel supply device and operation method thereof
US8963942B2 (en) 2004-12-03 2015-02-24 Intel Corporation Programmable processor

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63112266U (en) * 1987-01-13 1988-07-19
JPH0383374U (en) * 1989-12-13 1991-08-23
WO2006005930A2 (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-01-19 Regenatec Limited Operating internal combustion engines with plant oil
WO2006005930A3 (en) * 2004-07-08 2006-07-06 Regenatec Ltd Operating internal combustion engines with plant oil
GB2431203A (en) * 2004-07-08 2007-04-18 Regenatec Ltd Operating internal combustion engines with plant oil
GB2431203B (en) * 2004-07-08 2008-08-20 Regenatec Ltd Operating internal combustion engines with plant oil
US8963942B2 (en) 2004-12-03 2015-02-24 Intel Corporation Programmable processor
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