FI106725B - Stabiloitu kolofoni, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja sen käyttö - Google Patents
Stabiloitu kolofoni, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja sen käyttö Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI106725B FI106725B FI922941A FI922941A FI106725B FI 106725 B FI106725 B FI 106725B FI 922941 A FI922941 A FI 922941A FI 922941 A FI922941 A FI 922941A FI 106725 B FI106725 B FI 106725B
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- rosin
- acid
- iodine
- stabilized
- phosphoric acid
- Prior art date
Links
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QUUCYKKMFLJLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydroabietan Natural products CC1(C)CCCC2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CCC21 QUUCYKKMFLJLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydroabietic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1(C)CCCC2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CCC21 NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-MISYRCLQSA-N dehydroabietic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 NFWKVWVWBFBAOV-MISYRCLQSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940118781 dehydroabietic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- UXBFAGQTUAMQSX-PKUWUEBNSA-N (1R)-1,3-dimethyl-2-[2-(3-propan-2-ylphenyl)ethyl]cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)c1cccc(CCC2C(C)CCC[C@@]2(C)C(O)=O)c1 UXBFAGQTUAMQSX-PKUWUEBNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004826 Synthetic adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- -1 carrier Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamyl chloride Chemical class NC(Cl)=O CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000414967 Colophon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010022971 Iron Deficiencies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011436 cob Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002497 iodine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[I-].[I-] BQZGVMWPHXIKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F1/00—Obtaining purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins
- C09F1/04—Chemical modification, e.g. esterification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/26—Natural polymers, natural resins or derivatives thereof according to C08L1/00 - C08L5/00, C08L89/00, C08L93/00, C08L97/00 or C08L99/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9102015 | 1991-06-28 | ||
SE9102015A SE506467C2 (sv) | 1991-06-28 | 1991-06-28 | Förfarande för framställning av stabiliserad kolofonium och dess användning som klibbgivarharts i bindemedel |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FI922941A0 FI922941A0 (fi) | 1992-06-24 |
FI922941A FI922941A (fi) | 1992-12-29 |
FI106725B true FI106725B (fi) | 2001-03-30 |
Family
ID=20383194
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FI922941A FI106725B (fi) | 1991-06-28 | 1992-06-24 | Stabiloitu kolofoni, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja sen käyttö |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5175250A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0520541B1 (no) |
AT (1) | ATE159750T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU650146B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA2071750C (no) |
DE (1) | DE69222891T2 (no) |
FI (1) | FI106725B (no) |
NO (1) | NO303397B1 (no) |
NZ (1) | NZ243268A (no) |
SE (1) | SE506467C2 (no) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0572680B1 (en) * | 1991-12-21 | 1997-05-28 | Arakawa Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for producing rosin ester and colorless rosin |
JP3371982B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-18 | 2003-01-27 | 荒川化学工業株式会社 | 無色ロジンの製造法 |
DE4409239C2 (de) * | 1994-03-18 | 2003-01-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Additive zur Unterdrückung der Kristallisation von Harzsäuren |
DE4409240A1 (de) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-09-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Modifizierte Harze |
US6087318A (en) * | 1998-10-19 | 2000-07-11 | Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc. | Process to produce disproportionated rosin based emulsifier for emulsion polymerization |
WO2006085873A1 (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-08-17 | Albemarle Corporation | Method of producing disproportionated rosin |
US8039551B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-10-18 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Modified epoxy resins comprising the reaction product of rosin and a linking molecule and aqueous dispersions and coatings comprising such resins |
US7868066B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-01-11 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Aqueous dispersions and coatings comprising modified epoxy resins comprising the reaction product of rosin and a dienophile |
US7812101B2 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2010-10-12 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Modified epoxy resins comprising the reaction product of a biomass derived compound and an epoxy resin, and aqueous dispersions and coatings comprising such resins |
US8057592B2 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2011-11-15 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Cationic electrodepositable coatings comprising rosin |
EP2039732A1 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-03-25 | Hexion Specialty Chemicals Research Belgium S.A. | Waterbased dimerized rosins and the process to make them |
DE102012207801A1 (de) | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-14 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Verwendung von Copolymerisaten als Klebrigmacher für Klebstoffe |
CN106867409A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 南宁市青秀区嘉利林化有限公司 | 一种松香复合抗氧化剂 |
CN109777301B (zh) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-03-30 | 广西创跃化工有限公司 | 歧化松香的制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1426063A (fr) * | 1962-02-23 | 1966-01-28 | Anciens Etablissements Granel | Traitement de colophane |
NL6609081A (no) * | 1964-07-13 | 1968-01-02 | ||
FR1425589A (fr) * | 1965-01-06 | 1966-01-24 | Procédé de fabrication de colophanes disproportionnées, installation pour la miseen oeuvre du procédé et produits conformes à ceux obtenus par le présent procédé ou procédé similaire | |
US3663523A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1972-05-16 | Us Agriculture | Dicarboxylic acid from rosin and process for preparing same |
US3872073A (en) * | 1973-05-21 | 1975-03-18 | Arizona Chem | Process for the preparation of crystallization-resistant disproportionated rosin |
JPS57165499A (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-12 | Harima Chemicals Inc | Manufacture of decolored asymmetrized rosin soap |
ATE23379T1 (de) * | 1981-09-15 | 1986-11-15 | Hercules Inc | Waessrige leimungszusammensetzung. |
SE465833B (sv) * | 1987-01-09 | 1991-11-04 | Eka Nobel Ab | Vattenhaltig dispersion innehaallande en blandning av hydrofoberande kolofoniummaterial och syntetiskt hydrofoberingsmedel, saett foer framstaellning av dispersionen samt anvaendning av dispersionen vid framstaellning av papper och liknande produkter |
-
1991
- 1991-06-28 SE SE9102015A patent/SE506467C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-09 US US07/727,457 patent/US5175250A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-06-11 DE DE69222891T patent/DE69222891T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-11 EP EP92201700A patent/EP0520541B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-11 AT AT92201700T patent/ATE159750T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-22 CA CA002071750A patent/CA2071750C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-23 NZ NZ243268A patent/NZ243268A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-23 AU AU18519/92A patent/AU650146B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-24 FI FI922941A patent/FI106725B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 NO NO922536A patent/NO303397B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO922536D0 (no) | 1992-06-26 |
FI922941A (fi) | 1992-12-29 |
ATE159750T1 (de) | 1997-11-15 |
CA2071750A1 (en) | 1992-12-29 |
NO303397B1 (no) | 1998-07-06 |
AU650146B2 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
SE9102015D0 (sv) | 1991-06-28 |
US5175250A (en) | 1992-12-29 |
FI922941A0 (fi) | 1992-06-24 |
DE69222891T2 (de) | 1998-04-09 |
NZ243268A (en) | 1994-09-27 |
EP0520541B1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
NO922536L (no) | 1992-12-29 |
SE9102015L (sv) | 1992-12-29 |
DE69222891D1 (de) | 1997-12-04 |
CA2071750C (en) | 1999-10-05 |
EP0520541A2 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
EP0520541A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
SE506467C2 (sv) | 1997-12-22 |
AU1851992A (en) | 1993-01-21 |
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