ES2896277T3 - Sprat device and needle change - Google Patents

Abstract

Sprat device (100) for a needle change with a sprat (102) arranged between a counter-needle (106) and a support rail (110), which moves on at least one sliding plate (104), the counter-needle being arranged (106) and the support rail (110) on a base plate (122), the counter-pointer having at least one perforation on its counter-point core and/or the support rail on its support rail core, the base plate being supported sliding in the perforation on the web, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is continuously welded on the counter needle (106) and/or on the support rail (110), with the exception of the area of the parallel perforations to the longitudinal extent of the skid plate (104).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Sprat device and needle change

The present invention relates to rapier devices according to the preamble of claim 1 and point changes according to the preamble of claim 15.

Various models of sprat devices for point changes are known.

According to FIG. 1, for example, cleat devices 10 with a cleat 12 of low height and thus also low load-bearing capacity are known, which for this reason have to be placed on a sliding plate. continuous 14 between the counter needle 16 and the support rail 18 and therefore support continuously. They are defined as "flat bed sprat devices". The continuous slide plate 14 is interrupted at the point where the shifting device engages with the ram 12, since this connection is made by a connecting piece welded to the ram from below, which reaches the chamber of the ram device 20 to below the skid plate 14. Through this opening in the skid plate 14, all dirt and water from the surface of the tram rails can enter the cleat device through the upper opening of the cleat device and thus also in the cleat device chamber 20. In addition, it is normal to periodically clean the surface of the slide plate 14 by washing. To drain dirt and water from the base plate 22, a drainage opening (not shown) can be connected to public road drainage facilities. In the ram device chamber 20, a heating rod 26 is expediently arranged below the slide plate 14 inside a casing tube 24.

The problem with this solution is that the dirt entering the sprat device chamber 20 is not removed by the water in this chamber 20, so that a corrosion-promoting substance can accumulate there uncontrollably, which shortens the service life of the sprat device. There is a conflict of interest for the transport company, since in order for the sprat device to work, dirt must be regularly cleaned from the slide plate 14, which at the same time starts a corrosion process in the chamber. of the sprat device 20, which adversely affects the service life of the sprat device.

Furthermore, according to Figure 2, sprat devices 40 are known in which the construction of the sprats and their support at the various support points 42 have been taken over by Vignole railway switchgears and adapted to the conditions special of the changes of needles of the rails of throat. Thanks to a larger profile cross-section, the sprats 44 used are considerably taller than the flat-bed sprats 12, hence the name "deep-bed sprat device". The adjustment system is hooked laterally in the sprat 44, so no special precautions are required for it in terms of the support of the sprat.

An opening (not shown) is often also provided in the base plate 46 for the ingress of dirt and water, which, moreover, can hardly be effective, since the individual bearing points 48 (also called "slide bearings") ) of the sprat support strongly impede any drainage of dirty water from the open chamber of the sprat device 50 which exists between the support rail 52 and the sliding bearing 48 opposite the counter needle 54. In order to be able to counteract corrosion caused by dirt in the lower part of the chamber of the sprat device 50, it is necessary to regularly remove it, which is technologically complicated and therefore expensive. Another drawback is that, due to the lack of a slide plate, the heating 56 must be carried out in the various slide bearings 48, which leads to drawbacks in use due to its low efficiency. Such a deep-bed sprat device is described, for example, in DE 102011 100511 A1.

Document FR 746535 A D1 describes the connection of the sliding plate to the webs of the rails, for which projections are provided on the sliding plate that pass through holes made in the webs, the projections and the webs being welded together. .

DE 552 276 C refers to a similar embodiment, since here too there are projections of the slide plate passing through the passage holes of the webs of the rails, but the welding does not take place directly between the projections and the webs of the rails, but rather intermediate plates are arranged on the projections that rest on the webs of the rails, the projections being welded to the intermediate plates.

Document EP 0 144 034 A2 refers to a sprat device for groove rail switch points, the sprat resting on a block of sliding plates. This block of sliding plates has perforations and corresponding perforations are also provided in the webs of the rails, the webs of the rails being screwed to the block of sliding plates by means of threaded connections.

DE 10 49 411 B also shows openings in the rail webs, although here the slide plate does not rest on the rail webs at the openings themselves, but on front-mounted slats.

Document DE 482621 C refers to a solution in which the projections of a sliding plate pass through the passage holes of the webs of the rails, the projections being welded to the outside of the webs of the rails, but in this case no base plate is envisaged.

DE 853 759 C relates to a solution with a base plate, in which slide bearings are arranged in any desired manner in the webs of the rails.

Therefore, the objective of the present invention is to improve the sprat devices for point changes in such a way that the aforementioned drawbacks are overcome, whereby the sprat device has greater stability. It is especially intended that the sprat devices be easy to clean and less susceptible to corrosion. Preferably, they should have a constructively simple structure that can be produced economically.

This task is solved by the rapier device according to claim 1 and by the switch according to the invention according to claim 15. Further advantageous embodiments are indicated in the dependent claims and in the description.

In an advantageously improved variant of embodiment, it is foreseen that between the sliding plate and the base plate there is a drainage conduit that crosses the base plates, since in this way the entry of dirt and water is avoided, for example, in the chamber of the device of sprats.

By the term "passing through" is meant in this context both that the drain connection ends at the level of the base plate and that it passes through the base plate, ie exits from it.

It will preferably be a single slide plate, but it is also possible to provide several slide plates, possibly arranged at a distance. Furthermore, the single skid plate may be formed from one or more parts. In particular, it can also be divided in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the sprat device.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the sliding plate to be closed relative to the sliding surface, with the exception of at least one drainage connection. This effectively prevents the entry of dirt, especially into the chamber of the sprat device.

However, it is also possible to provide recesses in the sliding plate, for example recesses for constructional reasons, such as a necessary recess for hooking a shifting device into the root of the ram.

Said recesses can preferably be designed to be closed with respect to the chamber of the cleat device, so that the ingress of dirt and water through the recess is thus prevented. In this case, the recess consists of a cavity.

Particularly preferably, this cutout is designed at the same time as a drainage connection.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, the drainage connection in the sliding plate is provided to be a through hole, the through hole being connected to a conduit which in turn is connected to a through hole in the base plate, the conduit being preferably configured as a drain pipe extending through the base plate and below the base plate. In this way, an inherently closed drainage system is provided in a constructively simple manner, which effectively prevents the ingress of dirt and corrosion.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the drainage system to fit seamlessly into the slide plate and pass through the base plate, thereby preventing fluid communication of the drainage system with the area between the slide plate and the motherboard.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the counterpoint and the support rail, the base plate and the sliding plate to form a closed spigot device chamber, the drainage connection passing through the spigot device chamber without fluid communication with the chamber of the sprats device, thus preventing the entry of dirt and corrosion of the chamber of the sprats device and also the existence of additional spaces that can get dirty or corrode.

For example, if for constructional reasons there is a cutout for hooking up a shifting device at the root of the ram, this could be connected at the same time to a conduit connected in turn to a through hole in the base plate. In this way, the recess to be provided for the drainage and the switching device in the sliding plate is limited to a single recess that fulfills both functions. In addition, the chamber of the sprat device itself could also be closed, in this case also completely preventing the ingress of water or dirt.

In an advantageous further embodiment, provision is made for the blade to have a point and for the drainage connection to be arranged in the area of the point of the blade. Thus, the drain connection does not interfere with other structural details of the sprat device. Preferably, the drain connection is arranged in front of the sprat tip, since in this way the sprat can be supported on its entire surface and there is no friction between the sprat tip and the edges of the drainage connection.

In an advantageously improved form of embodiment, provision is made for a heater to be arranged below the sliding plate, in the area of the sprat, the heater preferably ending before reaching the drain connection and being arranged especially in the chamber. of the sprats device, whereby the efficient cross section of the drainage opening can have its maximum size, since the heater does not limit it.

In an advantageously improved variant, provision is made for the sliding plate to extend below the ram completely between the counter needle and the support rail. This avoids areas that can get dirty or corrode.

In another advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the sliding plate to be configured inclined in the direction towards the drain connection. In this way, drainage of the sprat device is achieved in a particularly effective manner.

In an advantageous further embodiment, provision is made for the slide plate to rest on laterally projecting parts of the counter needle and support rail, the lateral projecting parts preferably being formed by recesses in the counter needle and support rail, in particular in the form of grooves. In this way, the sprat device can be constructed particularly simply and with exact dimensions. Instead of grooves, grooves can also be used.

Preferably, the recesses occupy a maximum of half the width of the web of the counter needle or of the support rail, whereby the counter needle or the support rail retains sufficient stability.

According to the invention, the counter point and/or the support rail have at least one hole in their webs, in which the slide plate rests on the web, since this enlarges the support surface for the slide plate. sliding, making the sprat device more rigid and durable.

According to the invention, it is further provided that the slide plate is continuously welded to the counterpoint and/or the support rail. In the area of the perforations, the skid plate can also be welded or simply supported. Therefore, the welding is done parallel to the longitudinal extent of the skid plate. The skid plate overhangs, which extend into the bore, do not have to be welded separately, although it is possible to further increase stability.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the counter-needle to be made from a rolled section, an extruded section or a billet and that the remaining width of the core of the counter-needle be at least 10 mm, without taking into account possible perforations, given Thus, the sprat device has a particularly high stability.

In an advantageously improved variant, provision is made for it to be a deep-bed spit device, the spit preferably having a height of more than 80 mm, in particular greater than or equal to 100 mm. For this reason, the rail profiles known in rail traffic can also be used without problems for tram applications.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, adjusting elements for adjusting the blade are arranged, which act laterally on the blade. In this way, the ingress of water into the lower areas of the sprat device can be effectively prevented, since additional openings in the slide plate for these adjusting elements are not required there, and it is possible to use, for example, a spar device chamber. sprats completely encapsulated.

In an advantageously improved embodiment, provision is made for the drainage connection to extend over a width of at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, in particular at least 75% of the free width between the counter needle and support rail. This makes drainage particularly effective. Separate protection is claimed for a point change according to the invention with a snap device, characterized in that the snap device according to the invention is used.

Additional features and advantages of the present invention will now become apparent in view of the description of the preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the figures. It is represented purely schematically in:

FIG. 1 shows a first known embodiment of a sprat device;

FIG. 2 shows a second known embodiment of a sprat device;

Figure 3 shows a first preferred embodiment of the sprat device according to the invention and

FIG. 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of the sprat device according to the invention.

While the sprat devices 10, 40 with their drawbacks shown in Figures 1 and 2 have already been described above, preferred embodiments of the sprat device are shown in Figures 3 and 4. sprats according to the invention 100, 200, these obviously being deep-bed sprat devices 100, 200. It should be noted that figures 3 and 4 do not show the drilling and welding used according to the invention.

The first preferred embodiment of the deep-bed ram device 100 according to the invention shown in Figure 3 has a deep-bed ram 102 manufactured in one piece by milling from a block profile with projections on both sides by the spigot end for three-point fixing on a skid plate 104. (Alternatively, it can also be made multi-part from a normal profiled part with an adapter for three-point screwing by the spigot end on the plate slip 104).

The deep-bed sprat device 100 also has a counterpoint 106 provided with a profile 105C1 with a groove 109 made (for example, milled) laterally in the core 108 for receiving the sliding plate 104.

A conventional support rail 110 of a machined rectangular profile is provided, having a groove 112 (for example, milled) for receiving the slide plate 104.

The slide plate 104 is disposed, with respect to the free width LW, between the counter needle 106 and the support rail 110 completely bridging the free width LW, in particular in such a way that it completely supports the deep-bed ram 102.

The skid plate 104 has a drainage connection 114 formed by an opening 116 in the skid plate 104 into which is welded, for direct drainage, a tube 118 passing through an opening 120 in a base plate 122 of the cleat device. deep bed 100 beyond the base plate 122 to the bottom 124 not shown in detail of the deep bed spade device 100. The splice tube 118 can also be welded to the base plate 122 to effectively prevent moisture from subsoil of the deep bed spit device 100 penetrates into a spit device chamber 126 formed by the skid plate 104, the counter 106, the support rail 110 and the base plate 122.

Therefore, the chamber of the ram device 126 extends in the area of the deep bed ram 102 completely between the counter needle 106 and the support rail 110, thus avoiding the zones 50 (compare figure 2) normally found in the ram devices. deep-bed sprats, which are difficult to clean.

In the chamber of the spade device 126, a heater 128 with a heating rod is provided in a heating tube, which extends in front of the connecting tube 118. The heating tube 128 is connected to the lower part of the skid plate 104 and leads to an electrical connection in the heating box behind the root of the sprat in the space between the main track and the branch track rails (all of this not shown). In turn, the connection tube 118 is located, with respect to the root of the sprat (not shown), in front of, or at least below, the tip of the sprat 130. This achieves, on the one hand, a maximum heating effect with respect to the deep bed ram 102, without impairing, on the other hand, the cross section of the drainage connection 114. This cross section corresponds to approximately 75% of the free width LW between the counter needle 106 and the support rail 110.

The deep-bed ram device 100 has a changeover system connection on one side of the deep-bed ram 102, which is configured in one piece or in several pieces and reaches the control box (all these elements are not are shown in detail).

It can also be seen that the geometry of the sprat is configured in a manner equivalent to that of a Vignole switch with a circular arc 132 hidden 134, or also with a circular arc with an advanced arc.

The cleat device 100 can be made in one piece as a monobloc, in multiple pieces as a block construction, or in multiple pieces as a welded construction.

It can be seen that in the case of the particularly advantageous solution of the deep-bed spar device 100 it is achieved with a continuous slide plate 104 combined with a fully continuous spar device chamber 126 and a continuous drain connection 114, which does not communicates with the sprat device chamber 126, easy cleaning of the sprat device 100 and the risk of dirt and corrosion is eliminated.

Figure 4 shows a second preferred embodiment of the sprat device 200 according to the invention, identical references being used for identical elements.

It can be seen that here the sliding plate 104 rests here both on the support rail 110 in a groove 112, and on the counter needle 202 in a groove 204. Since no groove 109 is provided here, as is provided in figure 3, but a groove 204, the counter needle 202 is even more robust.

Although the invention has been specifically described with reference to the formation of a deep-bed ram device 100, 200 with a deep-bed ram having a height of approximately 105 mm, it can also be used advantageously in the context of deep-bed ram devices. flat bed with sprat heights less than or equal to 80 mm, in particular 75 mm.

Unless otherwise indicated, all features of the present invention may be freely combined. Likewise, unless otherwise indicated, the features described in the description of the figures can be freely combined as features of the invention with the other features, especially the features of the claims. Objective characteristics can also be used by formulating them as process characteristics, and process characteristics by formulating them as objective characteristics.

122 motherboard

124 Deep Bed Device Subsurface 100

126 Sprats Device Chamber

128 Heater

130 Sprat Tip

132 Arc of circle

134 Occult Deep Bed Sprat Formation 102

200 Sprat device according to the invention, deep bed sprat device

202 Counter Needle

204 slot

LW Clear Width

Claims (15)

1. Sprat device (100) for a point change with a sprat (102) arranged between a counterpoint (106) and a support rail (110), which moves on at least one sliding plate (104), being arranged the counter-needle (106) and the support rail (110) on a base plate (122), the counter-needle in its counter-needle core and/or the support rail having at least one perforation in its support-rail core, the base being supported sliding plate in the perforation on the web, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is continuously welded on the counter needle (106) and/or on the support rail (110), with the exception of the area of the perforations parallel to the longitudinal extension of the skid plate (104). Sprat device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is welded to the counterpoint (106) and/or to the support rail (110) even in the area of the perforations. Sprat device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) rests on laterally projecting parts (109, 112) of the counter needle (106) and of the support rail (110). ), the laterally projecting parts preferably consisting of recesses (109, 112) made in the counter needle (106) and in the support rail (110), in particular in the form of grooves (109) or grooves (112). Lingual device (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) has at least one drainage connection (114) passing through the base plate (122). Sprat device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is closed with respect to the sliding surface, with the exception of the at least one drainage connection (114). Sprat device (100) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the drainage connection (114) is configured in the slide plate (104) as a hole (116), the hole (116) being connected to a conduit (118) which is in turn connected to a hole (120) in the base plate (122), the conduit (118) preferably being configured as a drain tube (118) extending through the base plate (122) and below the base plate (122). Sprat device (100) according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the counter needle (106) and the support rail (110), the base plate (122) and the sliding plate (104) form a closed sprat chamber (126), with the drain connection (114) passing through the sprat chamber (126) without any fluid communication with the sprat chamber (126). Sprat device (100) according to one of Claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the sprat (102) has a sprat tip (130) and the drainage connection (114) is arranged in the area of the sprat tip. blade (130), preferably in front of the blade tip (130). Sprat device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heater (128) is arranged below the sliding plate (104) in the area of the sprat (102), the heater (128) terminating preferably before reaching the drainage connection (114) according to claim 4 and the heater (128) being arranged especially in the chamber of the sprat device (126). Slat device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) extends completely below the slat (102) between the counter needle (106) and the support rail (110). Sprat device (100) according to one of the preceding claims in combination with claim 4, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is configured with an inclination towards the drainage connection (128). Sprat device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a deep-bed sprat device (100), the sprat (102) preferably having a height greater than 80 mm, in particular greater than or equal to 100mm. Blade device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjusting elements for adjusting the blade (102) are provided, which act laterally on the blade (102). Sprat device (100) according to one of the preceding claims in combination with claim 4, characterized in that the drainage connection (128) extends over a width of at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, in particular at least 75% of the free width (LW) between the counter needle (106) and the support rail (110). 15. Pointer change with a snap device (100), characterized in that the snap device (100) is constructed in accordance with one of the preceding claims.