ES2731461T3 - Sprat and needle changing device - Google Patents

Abstract

Spindle device (100) for a needle change with a spindle (102) which is arranged between a counter needle (106) and a check rail (110) and moves on at least one sliding plate (104), the counter needle being arranged (106) and check rail (110) on a base plate (122), characterized in that the slide plate (104) comprises at least one drain port (114), which passes through the base plate (122) , the drain port (114) being made in the form of an opening (116) in the slide plate (104), the opening (116) being connected with a conduit (118) which is connected to an opening (120) in the base plate (122).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Sprat and needle changing device

The present invention relates to sprat devices according to the preamble of claim 1 and needle changes according to the preamble of claim 14.

Sprat devices, particularly for throat rails, are known in various versions.

For example, according to Fig. 1, sprat devices 10 with a low-height sprat 12 are known and, therefore, also with a low self-loading capacity which, therefore, must be mounted on a plate of continuous sliding 14 between the counter-needle 16 and the counter-rail 18 and, therefore, be supported continuously. They are called "flatbed sprat devices." The continuous sliding plate 14 is interrupted in the position in which the positioning device fits in the sprat 12, because this connection is made by a connection piece welded from below to the sprat that reaches the chamber of the device sprat 20 of the slide plate 14. Through this opening in the slide plate 14 all dirt and water from the roadway can penetrate through the top opening of the sprat device therein and, therefore, also in the Sprat device chamber 20. In addition, it is normal to regularly clean the surface of the slide plate 14 by rinsing. For the discharge of dirt and water on the base plate 22 there is a drain opening (not shown) that can be connected to the drainage facilities of the road. In the chamber 20 of the sprat device, a heater 26 is conveniently arranged in a protective tube 24 under the slide plate 14.

A problem with this solution is that the dirt that enters the chamber 20 of the sprat device cannot be removed with the water of this chamber 20, so that a corrosion-promoting substance can accumulate in it in an uncontrolled manner, which shortens the life of the sprat device. For the transport company there is a conflict of interest in the sense that for the operation of the sprat devices it is necessary to remove the dirt from the sliding plate 14 by rinsing regularly and thus initiating a corrosion process in the chamber of the sprat device 20 that negatively affects the lifespan of the sprat device.

Furthermore, according to Fig. 2, sprat devices 40 are known in which the sprat construction and its support on individual support bases 42 of the Vignole deviations of the railways were adopted and adapted to the special conditions of Needle changes of throat lanes. The sprats 44 used are, thanks to a larger cross-section of the profile, considerably higher than the flat-bed sprats 12, so that the name "deep-bed sprat device" has been coined. The drive system fits laterally on the sprat, so no special precautions are required for it with respect to the sprat supports.

An opening (not shown) in the base plate 46 is often also provided for the entry of dirt and water, which can hardly be effective, because the individual support bases 48 (also called "slides") of the sprat support greatly prevent measured a discharge of the dirty water from the chamber of the open sprat device 50 that exists between the counter rail 52 and the slide 48, in front of the counter-needle 54. To counteract the corrosion due to the dirt entering the bottom of the chamber of the sprat 50 device during rinsing, regular removal is required, which is technologically a complicated and therefore expensive operation. Another disadvantage is that due to the lack of the sliding plate, a heater 56 must be installed in each of the slides 48, which implies disadvantages due to an insufficient effect. This type of deep bed sprat device is described, for example, in document DE 102011 100511 A1.

Other sprat devices are shown in EP 0144034 A2 and DE 102004048751 B3, the present invention starting from DE 10 2004 048751 B3, which discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Object of the present invention is therefore to develop sprat devices for needle changes in such a way that the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome. In particular, sprat devices should be easy to clean and not prone to corrosion. They should preferably have a simple and economical construction structure.

This task is accomplished with the sprat device according to the invention according to claim 1 and changing needles 14 according to the invention according to claim 14. Further advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims and in the description.

The inventor has understood that the task can be accomplished particularly easily if there is a drain between the sliding plate and the base plate that leads through the base plates, since in this way dirt entry can be prevented and water, for example, in the sprat device chamber.

The sprat device according to the invention for changing needles with a sprat arranged between a counter-needle and a counter-rail and which moves on a sliding plate, the counter-needle and the counter-rail being arranged on a base plate, is thus characterized among other things , because the sliding plate comprises at least one drain port that extends through the base plate.

In this case, it is understood to "extend" so much that the drain connection terminates at the height of the base plate and that it penetrates the base plate, that is to say, that it exits from it.

It will preferably be a sliding plate, although several sliding plates, possibly spaced apart, can also be provided. In addition, the individual sliding plate can be formed in one or several pieces. It may have a split design, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the sprat device.

In a further advantageous development, the sliding plate is expected to be closed with respect to the sliding surface, with the exception of at least one drain port. This effectively prevents access of dirt, especially to the sprat device chamber.

However, there may also be recesses in the sliding plate, for example, recesses due to constructive reasons, such as that required for the coupling of a drive device in the heel of the sprat.

Such recesses can preferably be formed closed in front of the sprat device chamber, so as to avoid dirt and water from entering the recess. In this case, the recess is a cavity.

Especially preferably, these recesses are formed at the same time as a drainage port.

According to the invention, it is also provided that the drain port in the slide plate is formed as an opening, the opening being connected to a conduit that is connected to an opening in the base plate, the conduit being preferably formed as a drain pipe that It extends through and below the motherboard. In this way, an autonomous drainage is provided in a very simple way that effectively prevents the accumulation of dirt and corrosion.

In a further advantageous development it is envisaged that the drain will then be conducted completely to the sliding plate and pass through the base plate, thereby preventing fluid communication of the drain with the area between the sliding plate and the base plate .

In a further advantageous development, the counter-needle, the counter-rail, the base plate and the slide plate are provided to form a closed sprat device chamber, the spout device chamber passing through the drain port without fluid communication with the device chamber sprat, as a result of which the accumulation of dirt and corrosion of the sprat device chamber is prevented, and there are no additional spaces that could accumulate dirt or suffer corrosion.

If, for constructive reasons, for example, there is an opening for coupling a drive device in the heel of the sprat, it could be connected simultaneously to a conduit that is connected to an opening in the base plate. In this way, the recess to be provided for drainage and the actuation device in the sliding plate is limited to a single recess that performs both functions. In addition, the closed chamber for the sprat device could also exist, so that in this case, the entry of water or dirt is completely avoided.

In a further advantageous development it is envisioned that the sprat comprises a tip and that the drain port is disposed in the area of the sprat tip. In such a case the drain opening does not interfere with other structural details of the sprat device. Preferably, the drain port is arranged in front of the sprat tip, because the sprat can rest on the entire surface and there is no friction between the sprat tip and the edges of the drain port.

In a further advantageous development it is provided that a heater is arranged under the slide plate in the sprat area, preferably finishing the heater in front of the drain port, being arranged the heater in particular in the chamber of the sprat device, as a result of which the effective cross-section of the drain opening can be kept to the maximum, since the heater does not restrict it.

In a further advantageous development, the slide plate is provided to extend completely below the sprat between the counter-needle and the counter-rail. In this way, sectors that could accumulate dirt or suffer corrosion are avoided.

In a further advantageous development it is envisaged that the sliding plate is formed with a slope towards the drain port. This makes the sprat device drain especially effective.

In a further advantageous development, the sliding plate is provided to rest on lateral projections of the counter-needle and the counter-rail, the projections being preferably formed as recesses in the counter-needle and the counter-rail, especially in the form of grooves. In this way, a construction that is especially simple and faithful to the sprat device measures can be made. Slots can also be used instead of grooves.

The recesses preferably occupy only a maximum of half the width of the soul of the counter-needle or the counter-rail, as a result of which the counter-needle or the counter-rail retain sufficient stability.

In a further advantageous development, the counter-needle and / or the counter-rail have at least one opening in their souls, in which the sliding plate rests on the core, since in this way the support surface for the plate sliding, which makes the sprat device more rigid and durable. In a further advantageous development it is provided that the slide plate is continuously welded with the counter-needle and / or the counter-rail. In the area of the openings, the sliding plate can also be welded or simply supported. Welding is carried out completely, therefore, in parallel to the longitudinal extension of the sliding plate. The projections of the sliding plate in the opening do not have to be welded separately, although it can be done, which further increases the stability.

In a further advantageous development, it is envisaged that the counter-needle is manufactured from a laminated profile, an extruded profile or a billet and that, without taking into account possible openings, the remaining width of the counter-needle core is at least 10 mm, since the sprat device then has especially high stability.

In a further advantageous development it is envisaged that it is a deep-bed sprat device, the sprat preferably having a height of more than 80 mm, in particular greater than or equal to 100 mm. In this way the known rail profiles of the rail transport can be used without problems in applications for trams.

In a further advantageous development, it is envisaged that drive elements are provided for actuating the sprat, which fit laterally on the sprat. In this way, water penetration in the lower areas of the sprat device can be effectively prevented, since no additional openings in the slide plate are required for these drive elements and, for example, a fully encapsulated chamber can be used for sprat device

In a further development, the drainage port is expected to extend over a width of at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, especially at least 75% of the free width between the counter-needle and the counter-rail. This makes drainage especially effective.

Independent protection for changing needles according to the invention is claimed with a sprat device, characterized in that the sprat device according to the invention is used.

The features and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent below by describing preferred embodiments in relation to the figures. They are shown purely schematically:

Fig. 1 A first known execution of a sprat device,

Fig. 2 A second known embodiment of a sprat device,

Fig. 3 a first preferred embodiment of the sprat device according to the invention, and

Fig. 4 a second preferred embodiment of the sprat device according to the invention.

While the sprat devices 10, 40 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 have been described above with their disadvantages, Figs. 3 and 4 show the preferred embodiments of the sprat devices 100, 200 according to the invention, being evident which is about 100, 200 deep bed sprat devices

The first preferred version of the deep-bed sprat device 100 according to the invention shown in Fig. 3 comprises a deep-bed sprat 102 made in one piece, milling a block profile with protrusions on both sides of the sprat end for a three-point fastening on a sliding plate 104. (Alternatively, it can also be manufactured in several pieces from a standard profile with an adapter for the three-point screw connection at the sprat end of the sliding plate 104).

The deep-bed sprat device 100 further comprises a counter-needle 106, which has a profile 105C1 with a groove 109 laterally incorporated in the core 108 (for example, by milling), to accommodate the sliding plate 104.

A common counter rail 110 of a machined rectangular profile is provided, comprising a groove 112 (for example, milled) to receive the slide plate 104.

The sliding plate 104 is arranged, as regards the free width LW between the counter needle 106 and the conrail 110, completely bypassing the free width LW, so that it fully supports the deep bed sprat 102.

The slide plate 104 comprises a drain port 114 which is formed by an opening 116 in the slide plate 104, in which a tubing 118 for direct drainage is welded, which passes through an opening 120 in a base plate 122 of the deep bed sprat device 100 beyond the base plate 122, to the firm 124 (not shown) below the deep bed sprat device 100. The tubing 118 may also be welded to the base plate 122 a in order to effectively prevent moisture from penetrating from the firm of the deep bed sprat device 100 into a chamber of the sprat device 126 formed by the slide plate 104, counter needle 106, counter rail 110 and base plate 122.

The chamber of the sprat device 126 thus extends in the area of the deep-bed sprat 102 completely between the counter-needle 106 and the counter-rail 110, whereby the areas usually existing in the deep-bed sprat devices 50 are avoided (see Fig. 2), which are difficult to clean.

In the chamber of the sprat device 126 a heater 128 is provided with a heating element in a heating tube 128, which extends to the front of the pipe 118. The heating tube of the heater 128 is fixed at the bottom of the plate sliding 104 and leads to an electrical connection in the heater housing behind the sprat heel in the space between the main rail and the branching rail rails (all of them are not shown). The tubing 118 is in turn disposed with respect to the heel of the sprat (not shown) in front of or at least below the tip of the sprat 130. In this way a maximum heating effect is achieved with respect to the sprat device of deep bed 102, and on the other hand that the cross section of the drain port 114 is not affected. This cross section represents approximately 75% of the free width LW between the counter needle 106 and the counter rail 110.

The deep-bed sprat device 100 comprises a connection for a drive unit on the side of the deep-bed sprat 102 formed in one or more pieces that extends to the drive box (not all elements shown in detail).

It will also be appreciated that the sprat geometry has been shaped as equivalent to a Vignole deflection with extended arc 132 or that it can also be formed with a pre-arc arc.

Sprat device 100 can also be manufactured in one piece as a monobloc construction or in several as a welded construction.

It can be seen that in the especially advantageous solution of the deep bed sprat device 100, a continuous slide plate 104 combined with a fully continuous sprat device chamber 126 and a continuous drain port 114, which does not communicate with the chamber of sprat device 126, sprat device 100 is easy to clean and the danger of accumulation of dirt and corrosion is prevented.

A second preferred design of the sprat device 200 according to the invention is shown in Fig. 4, using identical reference signs for identical elements.

It can be seen that here the sliding plate 104 rests both on the counter rail 110 on a groove and on the counter needle 202 on a groove. Since no groove 109 is provided here, as shown in Fig. 3, but a groove 204, the counter rail 202 is formed with even greater stability.

Although the invention has been specifically described with reference to the conformation of a deep bed sprat device 100, 200 with a deep bed sprat with a height of approximately 105 mm, it can also be advantageously used in the framework of sprat devices flat bed having sprat heights less than or equal to 80 mm, in particular 75 mm.

List of reference signs

10 Sprat device according to the state of the art, flatbed sprat device

12 Sprat

14 sliding plate

16 Counter needle

18 Counterway

20 Sprat Device Camera

22 Motherboard

24 protective tube

26 Heating element

40 Sprat device according to prior art, deep bed sprat device

42 Basis of support

44 Sprat

46 Motherboard

48 Slide

50 Sprat Device Camera

52 Counterway

100 Sprat device according to the invention, deep bed sprat device

102 Deep Bed Sprat

104 Slide Plate

106 Counter needle

108 Soul

109 Grooving

110 Counterway

112 Slot

114 Drainage Port

116 Sliding plate opening 104

118 Tubing

120 Opening

122 Motherboard

124 Sign below the deep-bed sprat device 100

126 Sprat Device Camera

128 Heater

130 Sprat Tip

132 Arc

134 Extended Deep Bed Sprat Design 102

200 Sprat device according to the invention, deep bed sprat device

202 Counter needle

204 Slot

LW Free Width

Claims (14)

1. Sprat device (100) for changing needles with a sprat (102) that is disposed between a counter-needle (106) and a counter-rail (110) and moves on at least one sliding plate (104), being arranged the counter-needle (106) and the counter-rail (110) on a base plate (122), characterized in that the sliding plate (104) comprises at least one drain port (114), which passes through the base plate ( 122), the drain port (114) being made in the form of an opening (116) in the slide plate (104), the opening (116) being connected to a conduit (118) that is connected to an opening (120) on the motherboard (122). 2. Sprat device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is closed with respect to the sliding surface except at least one drain port (114). 3. Sprat device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conduit (118) is made as a drain tube (118), extending through the base plate (122) and below it ( 122). 4. Sprat device (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a chamber of the closed sprat device (126) is formed by a counter-needle (106) and a counter-rail (110), a base plate (122) and a sliding plate (104), through the drain port (114) the sprat device chamber (126) without fluid communication with the sprat device chamber (126). 5. Sprat device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sprat (102) comprises a tip (130) and the drain port (114) in the area of the sprat tip (130) is arranged preferably in front of the sprat tip (130). 6. Sprat device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heater (128) is arranged under the sliding plate (104) in the sprat area (102), preferably ending the heater (128) in front of the drain port (114), the heater (128) being arranged particularly in the chamber of the sprat device (126). 7. Sprat device (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) extends completely under the sprat (102), between the counter-needle (106) and the counter-rail (110). 8. Sprat device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) is formed with a slope towards the drain port (128). 9. Sprat device (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding plate (104) rests on the laterally projecting parts (109, 112) of the counter-needle (106) and of the counter-rail (110), the parts that protrude laterally as recesses (109, 112) in the counter-needle (106) and the counter-rail (110), especially in the form of grooves (109) or grooves (112), are preferably formed. 10. Sprat device (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that the counter-needle, at least in its core of the counter-needle and / or the counter-rail in its soul of the counter-rail, has an opening, the sliding plate resting on the opening on the soul. 11. Sprat device (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a deep-based sprat device (100), the sprat (102) preferably having a height of more than 80 mm, in particular greater or equal to 100 mm. 12. Sprat device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are provided drive means for actuating the sprat (102) that fit laterally on the sprat (102). 13. Sprat device (100) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drain port (114) extends over a width of at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, especially at least 75 % of the free width (LW) between the counter needle (106) and the counter rail (110). 14. Changing needles with a sprat device (100), characterized in that the sprat device (100) is shaped according to one of the preceding claims.