ES2581311T3 - Capa de base para suelos - Google Patents

Capa de base para suelos Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2581311T3
ES2581311T3 ES11738261.4T ES11738261T ES2581311T3 ES 2581311 T3 ES2581311 T3 ES 2581311T3 ES 11738261 T ES11738261 T ES 11738261T ES 2581311 T3 ES2581311 T3 ES 2581311T3
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
adhesive
glass substrate
carpet
rubber
grip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
ES11738261.4T
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English (en)
Inventor
Duonne Erasmus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Instafibre Ltd
Original Assignee
Instafibre Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB1012089.7A external-priority patent/GB201012089D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB1012088.9A external-priority patent/GB201012088D0/en
Application filed by Instafibre Ltd filed Critical Instafibre Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2581311T3 publication Critical patent/ES2581311T3/es
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
    • G01N19/04—Measuring adhesive force between materials, e.g. of sealing tape, of coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0005—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface
    • D06N7/0039—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface characterised by the physical or chemical aspects of the layers
    • D06N7/0052—Compounding ingredients, e.g. rigid elements
    • D06N7/0055—Particulate material such as cork, rubber particles, reclaimed resin particles, magnetic particles, metal particles, glass beads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G27/00—Floor fabrics; Fastenings therefor
    • A47G27/04—Carpet fasteners; Carpet-expanding devices ; Laying carpeting; Tools therefor
    • A47G27/0437—Laying carpeting, e.g. wall-to-wall carpeting
    • A47G27/0468—Underlays; Undercarpets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/30—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • B60N3/042—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets of carpets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
    • B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
    • B60N3/048—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets characterised by their structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
    • C09J7/21—Paper; Textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0089—Underlays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/182—Underlayers coated with adhesive or mortar to receive the flooring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/186—Underlayers covered with a mesh or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
    • B32B2264/0207—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B25/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/38—Meshes, lattices or nets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/70—Scrap or recycled material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2319/00—Synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/14—Layer or component removable to expose adhesive
    • Y10T428/1476—Release layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

Un producto, generalmente en forma de lámina, y adecuado para el uso como una capa inferior de un revestimiento de suelo destinado a instalaciones permanentes, comprendiendo el producto: una capa que comprende material de gránulos de caucho (12, 22, 32), y que tiene un primer lado y un segundo lado; material de malla (14, 24, 34) unido a al menos uno de dichos lados primero y segundo; y un revestimiento de un adhesivo sensible a la presión (16, 26, 36) que se aplica a al menos parte de la superficie expuesta del material de malla (14, 24, 34); caracterizado porque el adhesivo sensible a la presión es un adhesivo de alto agarre, siendo un adhesivo de alta agarre definido como un adhesivo que, cuando se utiliza para adherir una tira de ensayo de caucho de 25 mm de anchura y 200 mm de longitud a un sustrato de vidrio, después de 24 horas de tiempo de permanencia de la unión con el adhesivo la fuerza requerida para separar el tira de ensayo y el sustrato de vidrio por un banco de ensayos en un ángulo de 90º estirando un borde de la tira de caucho perpendicularmente lejos del sustrato de vidrio a 300 mm/minuto, a temperatura ambiente (23 ºC ± 1 ºC) y a una humedad relativa de 50 % ± 5 %, está entre 4,35 y 21,76 Newtons.

Description

imagen1
Se puede hacer referencia a la siguiente Tabla 1 en la cual, además de distinguir entre alto agarre y bajo agarre para su uso con diferentes productos para suelos, también identifica si un producto plano de 3 mm o 5 mm o un producto acanalado 6 mm da mejores resultados.
Tabla 1
Tipos de instalación por segmento de mercado
Productos de bajo agarre
Productos de alto agarre
3 mm Plano
5 mm Plano 6 mm Acanalado 3 mm Plano 5 mm Plano 6 mm Acanalado
Segmento comercial
Alfombra (tráfico rodado)
Moqueta Tejida (doble cara)
* *
Moqueta Almohadillada (doble cara)
* *
Losetas Almohadilladas (doble cara, sin reemplazo)
* *
Moqueta Punzonada (doble cara)
* *
Alfombra (medio/poco tráfico)
Moqueta Tejida (una cara)
* * *
Moqueta Tejida (doble cara)
* *
Moqueta Almohadillada (una cara)
* * *
Moqueta Almohadillada (doble cara)
* *
Losetas Almohadilladas (doble cara, con reemplazo)
* *
Losetas Almohadilladas (doble cara, sin reemplazo)
* *
Moqueta Punzonada (una cara)
*
Moqueta Punzonada (doble cara)
* *
Losetas de alfombra punzonadas - requiere reemplazo
Losetas punzonadas (con refuerzo, una cara/doble cara)
* *
Losetas punzonadas - sin reemplazo
Losetas punzonadas (con refuerzo/sin refuerzo, una cara/doble cara)
* *
Segmentos residenciales y debricolaje
Alfombra
Moqueta tejida y punzonada (una cara)
* * *
Losetas Almohadilladas
* * * *
Moqueta Punzonada (una cara)
*
Moqueta Punzonada (doble cara)
* *
3 5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Tipos de instalación por segmento de mercado
Productos de bajo agarre
Productos de alto agarre
3 mm Plano
5 mm Plano 6 mm Acanalado 3 mm Plano 5 mm Plano 6 mm Acanalado
Losetas Punzonadas (con refuerzo, una/doble cara, reemplazo)
* *
Losetas Punzonadas (sin refuerzo, una/doble cara)
* *
Segmentos Comerciales, Residenciales y deBricolaje
Madera (todos una sola cara)
Lengüeta y Ranura Flotantes Sólidas
* *
Lengüeta y Ranura contrachapadas Flotantes
* *
Flotante de contrachapado de doble clic
* *
Laminado
* *
Vinilo
Chapado (doble cara)
*
Tapete suelto (capa de base extraíble, no deslizante)
*
Como quedará claro a partir de la siguiente descripción, la presente descripción proporciona una solución a la elección de un adhesivo adecuado donde el piso está destinado a instalaciones permanentes.
De acuerdo con un primer aspecto de la presente descripción, se proporciona un producto, generalmente en forma de lámina, y adecuado para uso como una capa inferior de un revestimiento de suelo destinado a instalaciones permanentes, comprendiendo el producto: una capa que comprende material de gránulos de caucho, y que tiene un primer lado y un segundo lado; material de malla unido al menos a uno de dichos lados primero y segundo; y un revestimiento de un adhesivo sensible a la presión aplicado a al menos parte de la superficie expuesta del material de malla; caracterizado porque el adhesivo sensible a la presión es un adhesivo de alto agarre, siendo un adhesivo de alta agarre definido como un adhesivo que, cuando se utiliza para adherir una tira de ensayo de caucho de 25 mm de anchura y 200 mm de longitud a un sustrato de vidrio, después de 24 horas de tiempo de permanencia de la unión con el adhesivo la fuerza requerida para separar el sustrato de la tira de ensayo y el vidrio por un banco de ensayos en un ángulo de 90º estirando un borde de la tira de caucho perpendicularmente lejos del sustrato de vidrio a 300 mm/minuto, a temperatura ambiente ( 23 ºC ± 1 ºC) y a una humedad relativa de 50 % ± 5 %, es de entre 4,35 y 21,76 Newtons.
Las realizaciones preferidas pueden tener una o más de las siguientes características: el material de gránulos de caucho comprende adecuadamente gránulos individuales de caucho unidos entre sí por un agente de unión. Una lámina de liberación extraíble recubierta de silicona se adhiere a la superficie adhesiva expuesta.
Las formas de realización de la capa de base de acuerdo con las enseñanzas de esta descripción se describen con más detalle a continuación a modo de ejemplo solamente con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, en los que:
La figura 1 muestra un alzado lateral en perspectiva, algo esquemática, de una porción de una primera forma de realización de la capa de base; La figura 2 muestra un alzado lateral igualmente esquemático de una porción de una segunda forma de realización de la capa de base; La figura 3 muestra un alzado lateral de igualmente esquemático de una porción de una tercera realización de la capa de base; La figura 4 muestra un diagrama que ilustra un ensayo de resistencia al despegado empleando el método del ensayo FINAT n.º: 2; y La figura 5 es un gráfico que muestra resultados del ensayo de resistencia al despegado para las muestras de ensayo de adhesivo, aplicadas a diferentes pesos de revestimiento, y para una muestra comparativa, en cada caso después de 24 horas de tiempo de permanencia de unión con el adhesivo.
4
imagen2
imagen3
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Tabla 2
ID de la muestra
Newtons/25mm después de 24 horas de tiempo depermanencia de la unión con el adhesivo a temperatura ambiente (23 ºC +/- 1 ºC) Peso del revestimiento (g/m2)
Bajo Agarre Mínimo
1,77
1
2,20 10,00
2
3,01 10,40
Bajo Agarre Máximo
3,96
Alto Agarre Mínimo
4,35
3
4,40 13,97
4
4,46 14,00
5
4,75 15,84
6
4,89 16,44
7
5,23 23,20
8
5,33 25,20
9
5,68 27,52
10
10,27 64,92
11
10,96 65,20
12
12,09 75,84
13
16,37 89,20
Alto Agarre Máximo
21,76
RubberLay original
23,20
La figura 5 muestra los mismos resultados de forma gráfica, con una línea de "mejor ajuste" trazada a través de los puntos de datos, a la que se ha añadido un punto de peso de capa cero, dado que el peso de capa cero mostrará necesariamente una resistencia al despegado de cero. Hay relativamente pocos puntos de datos con pesos de la capa bajos, ya que es inherentemente técnicamente difícil aplicar bajos pesos de revestimiento. Aun así, se verá que la línea de "mejor ajuste" es un ajuste relativamente pobre para los primeros pocos puntos de datos. En realidad, a pesos de la capa muy bajos, no hay prácticamente ninguna adhesión. Entonces, en un peso de revestimiento de umbral, que para este adhesivo particular parece ser alrededor de 10 g/m2, la resistencia al despegado aumenta muy rápidamente con el peso de revestimiento añadido, antes de estabilizarse en una adhesión de un poco menos de 6 Newtons/25 mm a un peso de revestimiento de entre 20 y 30 g/m2 para este adhesivo particular. A pesos de revestimiento mucho más altos, la tasa de aumento de la resistencia al despegado aumenta de nuevo al añadir peso de revestimiento.
Se pone de manifiesto que se encuentra en la región de rápido aumento de la resistencia al despegado con peso de revestimiento en pesos de revestimiento más bajos, que el adhesivo exhibe propiedades de bajo agarre, mientras que resistencia al despegado en el rango de pesos de revestimiento para los que los niveles de resistencia al despegado exhiben propiedades de alto agarre. Esto fue establecido mediante la realización de instalaciones de ensayo con muestras de la capa de base revestida y diferentes revestimientos para el suelo.
Se encontró que las muestras IDs 1 y 2 permiten la liberación práctica de la cubierta del piso. Las losetas de moqueta podrían ser retiradas de la capa de base con su refuerzo intacto. El laminado de madera también puede ser levantado fácilmente después de la instalación, lo que permite la sustitución fácil de la cubierta de piso. Características de liberación similares se encontraron por debajo de los tapetes. La capa de base puede ser eliminada del tapete y posteriormente reemplazada. Así las muestras IDs 1 y 2 se caracterizaron por ser de bajo agarre.
Sin embargo, cuando se repitieron los mismos ensayos prácticos de instalación para la muestra ID 3, cuando se retiran las losetas de moqueta, algo del refuerzo de las losetas de moqueta se salió y se quedó en la capa de base. Cuando se trata de levantar a un laminado de madera, encontramos que no se puede extraer fácilmente. En algunos casos, la capa de base se dañó cuando se retiró el laminado. En consecuencia, la muestra ID 3 no era adecuada para el uso donde se puede producir la sustitución potencial del revestimiento de suelo. No podría ser caracterizado como un adhesivo de bajo agarre, y debe ser caracterizado como un adhesivo de alto agarre en el extremo inferior de la gama de agarre alta.
Las muestras ID 4 a 13 también mostraron características de alto agarre.
La única muestra del material original RubberLay™ exhibe una resistencia al despegado muy alta significativamente superior a la de cualquiera de nuestras propias muestras de ensayo. Resultó tan feroz en los ensayos de instalación prácticos que no se ha previsto ningún margen para cualquier error durante la aplicación, y por lo tanto no representan una opción viable incluso para instalaciones que requieren características de alto agarre.
7
imagen4

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