ES2535058A1 - Wooden structure plate with thermal insulation and its use for sanitary forging (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Wooden structure plate with thermal insulation and its use for sanitary floor. It is applied in the execution of sanitary floors of wooden structures, in the field of building construction. The wooden sanitary floor panel is a modular prefabricated wooden structure, which includes in a single element, two wooden joists (2) joined together by a waterproof board (3) with a rigid thermal insulation (4) attached to one side and located between the joists. The plate allows the assembly of the sanitary slabs of the wooden framework structures to limit the thermal transmittance of the floors and reduce the energy demand of the buildings, depending on the climatic zone where they are located, thus saving labor and execution time. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

P201331601

10-31-2013

DESCRIPTION

Wooden structure plate with thermal insulation and its use for sanitary flooring

Technical sector

The invention falls within the sector of the construction of buildings with light wooden frame structure.

Background of the invention

The current objectives of quality and demand for energy savings that are requested from building constructions require placing thermal insulation on the building envelope, including facades, roofs and all floors that are exposed to the outside.

The sanitary slabs are those that are supported on small load-bearing walls that enclose the so-called sanitary chamber, which serves to isolate the building from soil moisture and to place the sanitation network inside. In the case of buildings with a wooden frame structure, the continuous ventilation of the sanitary chamber is essential to avoid rotting the structure, so it is necessary to thermally isolate the sanitary floor.

Since the sanitary chamber has a free height of less than one meter for the most part, the sanitary floor must be executed entirely from its upper face, so thermally insulating it with the materials available in the market have several drawbacks as described below. . The solutions currently proposed to thermally insulate timber framework slabs can be grouped into four types:

1. Prefabricated finished slabs for slabs (we highlight the patent documents: DE 19531481 A1, ES 222490 B1, CN 202990242 U): these are usually plates or panels that include in a repetitive module all the elements of the slab: lower finishing board , metal or wooden joists, internal insulation and floor board or top finish. The problem with these prefabricated panels is that, once mounted on the load-bearing walls or the main structure, they work flexing individually, without

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connection between them, because they incorporate the floor board that is separated one plate from another. On the other hand, in the traditional construction of half-timbered structures, this board is always placed in situ, in a transverse direction with respect to the joists and weighted boards with each other, so that the slab joists are connected transversely with each other. thanks to the boards, making all of them work together in what is called the diaphragm effect, very important for the proper functioning and horizontal bracing of the structure. Another common drawback of this type of prefabricated plates is that the insulation requires occupying the entire edge of the plate, so it has a thickness much greater than thermally necessary, making the floor more expensive (as for example in GB 2490304 A).

2.

 Insulated panels that are placed on the joists, before nailing the floor board above (JPH 11172833 A), or between the joists but fastened with brackets that are anchored to the top of the joists (GB 2461331 A). These solutions prevent the connection between the joists and the board, which is made glued and nailed to avoid noise by flush between them when the slab is loaded, in addition to achieving the aforementioned diaphragm effect. In the case of GB 2480994 A, the insulation is placed between the joists, without the need for supports on the joists, but the solution is only valid for wooden joists of double T section, type TJI. In other patents (JPH 10102656 A) the insulation is placed between the joists, but requires metal profiles with special sections that considerably increases the slab.

3.

 Insulated panels that are placed above the floor board (DE 19702860 C1), just below the floor. This solution has the disadvantage of encounters with the partitions and load-bearing walls of the structure, all of them with wooden frameworks that need to rest directly on the floor board. By having to trim the insulated panels around said partitions and walls, those areas remain uninsulated, or need to place additional insulation between their framework, which makes the solution more expensive.

Four.

 Insulated panels that are anchored to the underside of the slab (NL 8202599 A, JPH 102036 A, ES 1034236 U), which in the case of sanitary slabs is impossible because it is not possible to access its lower face due to the low height of the sanitary chamber.

The wood structure plate with thermal insulation designed solves the constructive problem by incorporating the joists and the beam into a single prefabricated element.

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thermal insulation, which remains in its correct position between the joists thanks to the water-repellent board that connects them together. The floor is completed by placing the floor board in situ, connecting the prefabricated plates together.

Description of the invention

The present invention consists of a prefabricated wooden structure plate with built-in thermal insulation, designed to construct sanitary building slabs to limit the thermal transmittance of the floors and reduce the energy demand of the buildings, depending on the climatic zone where they are located .

The prefabricated plate is formed by two joists of sawn wood (2), beams TJI (8) or of any other type, located in parallel and joined together, by its lower face, with a wooden board (3) with water-repellent treatment type OSB or similar, which has a thermal insulation (4) expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, rigid mineral wool or the like bonded on the upper face and between the joists. The joint between the joists and the bottom board is glued and nailed or screwed. The thermal insulation is attached to the board with mounting adhesive.

The prefabricated plate is designed as a modular element, so that the sanitary floor is constructed with the successive and contiguous placement of these plates. For this, the two joists have a separation between shafts (e) that is submultiple of the standard measures of the wooden boards (currently the joists are normally separated 30, 40 or 60 cm apart), the water-repellent wooden board stands out by both sides with respect to the two joists up to half of the separation between axes (e / 2) of said joists, and the thermal insulation is stuck (5) on one side of the board and protrudes (6) on the opposite the same distance, to form side overlap with the following prefabricated plate.

The ends of the joists protrude (7) from the water-repellent wooden board to rest on the sleepers that are placed on top of the load-bearing walls of the sanitary chamber that support the sanitary floor.

Although the prefabricated plate is especially suitable for constructions with a light timber frame structure, it can be used in constructions with other materials or types of structure. Likewise, although the plate is specially designed

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for sanitary slabs, it can be used in other types of slabs, for example, those that close overhangs and are exposed to the outside by their lower face.

The prefabricated wooden structure plate also reduces the execution time of sanitary slabs.

Brief description of the drawings

A series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention which is presented as a non-limiting example thereof is described very briefly below.

Figure 1: Front and side elevation of the prefabricated wooden structure plate (1) with sawn wood joists (2).

Figure 2: Front elevation of the prefabricated wooden structure plate (1) with wooden joists type TJI (8).

Figure 3: Cross-sectional and longitudinal section of sanitary floor constructed with prefabricated wooden structure plates (1).

Detailed description of the invention

The sanitary floor slab of wood structure with built-in thermal insulation is a prefabricated that is assembled in a workshop or factory by companies that normally supply materials and products derived from wood to building construction works based on a defined prior order With the lights of the openings to be saved by the slabs that are to be built.

The prefabricated plate is formed with two joists of sawn wood, TJI or of any other type, of square and with the separation between axes (e) required by the loads and the light between supports of the slab, which are glued and nailed to a board Water-repellent OSB or similar wood cut lengthwise with a width equivalent to twice the separation between joists axes, so that the cut board protrudes on the sides of the joists a length equal to half (e / 2) of the wheelbase

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The thermal insulation, preferably rigid and water-repellent, expanded polystyrene type, extruded polystyrene, rigid mineral wool, or the like, is adhered on the board and between the joists, the thickness of which depends on the thermal requirements of the building. The thermal insulation is stuck with respect to the board on one side (5) and

5 protrudes on the other (6) the same distance to overlap with the adjacent plates.

In the longitudinal direction, the board is tucked (7) with respect to the ends of the joists and thermal insulation, to allow direct support of those on the wooden sleepers (11) that are arranged on the load-bearing walls (12) that form the

10 sanitary chamber.

The sanitary floor is completed on site by placing the joists or perimeter partitions (10) and the Plywood floor board or similar (9) in the same way as it is done in a traditional construction.

15 The way to apply the described system industrially follows from its description. However, its applicability in the industry related to building construction stands out as more relevant. Specifically, given the constitution of the prefabricated plate of wood structure with thermal insulation,

20 can be used for the construction of sanitary slabs in light-framed structures of wood or any other type. Once the invention is clearly described, it is stated that the particular embodiment described above is susceptible to modifications of detail provided that they do not alter the fundamental principle and essence of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Prefabricated wooden structure plate with thermal insulation characterized in that it comprises: 1.a) two wooden joists (2) placed in parallel and separated from each other 5 a submultiple of the standard size of the wooden boards; 1.b) a water-repellent wooden board (3) glued and nailed or screwed to the underside of the joists, protruding on both sides a length equal to half the wheelbase of said joists; 1.c) a thermal insulation (4) adhered to the board and arranged between the 10 joists 2. Prefabricated plate according to claim 1 characterized in that the thermal insulation, in the longitudinal direction has the same length as the joists, and in the transverse direction is recessed by one side (5) of the wooden water-repellent board, and 15 protrudes (6) by the opposite the same distance. 3. Prefabricated plate according to claim 1 and 2 characterized in that, in the longitudinal direction, the water-repellent wooden board is tucked (7) from the ends a distance equal to the width of the sleeper (11) on which the sanitary floor rests. twenty 4. Use of the prefabricated plate according to previous claims to build sanitary slabs in buildings. 7