ES2277518B1 - PREFABRICATED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND ELABORATION PROCEDURE. - Google Patents
PREFABRICATED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND ELABORATION PROCEDURE. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2277518B1 ES2277518B1 ES200501221A ES200501221A ES2277518B1 ES 2277518 B1 ES2277518 B1 ES 2277518B1 ES 200501221 A ES200501221 A ES 200501221A ES 200501221 A ES200501221 A ES 200501221A ES 2277518 B1 ES2277518 B1 ES 2277518B1
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- Prior art keywords
- bricks
- construction
- prefabricated
- gaps
- polymeric material
- Prior art date
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Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011468 face brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
- E04B9/0414—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like being foldable, curvable or rollable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
- E04B9/06—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by constructional features of the supporting construction, e.g. cross section or material of framework members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0862—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of a number of elements which are identical or not, e.g. carried by a common web, support plate or grid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0871—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having an ornamental or specially shaped visible surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/147—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer imitating natural stone, brick work or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0053—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to tiles, bricks or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/10—Building elements, e.g. bricks, blocks, tiles, panels, posts, beams
- B29L2031/102—Bricks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Prefabricado para la construcción, para ser utilizado como recubrimiento de paredes o para la formación de bóvedas entre vigas en falsos techos, que está formado por un cuerpo (1, 11, 21, 31) que comprende una base (5) de un material polimérico que soporta un conjunto de ladrillos (6, 12, 12a, 22), de escaso grosor, provisto el conjunto de unos huecos (3) entre los ladrillos y unos huecos (4) entre cada uno de dichos cuerpos (1, 11, 21, 31), estando dichos huecos cubiertos por un material de relleno. También comprende un procedimiento de elaboración del prefabricado para construcción, realizado sobre un molde de elaboración, que comprende las etapas de corte de los ladrillos al tamaño y grosor requeridos, disposición de los ladrillos en huecos correspondientes del molde, disposición en los huecos entre ladrillos del material de relleno, inyección del material polimérico base, y desmoldeo de la pieza.Prefabricated for construction, to be used as a wall covering or for the formation of vaults between beams on false ceilings, which is formed by a body (1, 11, 21, 31) comprising a base (5) of a polymeric material which supports a set of bricks (6, 12, 12a, 22), of small thickness, provided the set of some gaps (3) between the bricks and some gaps (4) between each of said bodies (1, 11, 21 , 31), said gaps being covered by a filling material. It also includes a process for the preparation of the prefabricated building, made on a manufacturing mold, comprising the steps of cutting the bricks to the required size and thickness, arrangement of the bricks in corresponding holes of the mold, arrangement in the gaps between bricks of the filling material, injection of the base polymeric material, and demolding of the piece.
Description
Prefabricado para construcción y procedimiento de elaboración.Prefabricated for construction and procedure of elaboration
La presente invención consiste en un prefabricado para construcción, particularmente destinado al montaje de bóvedas o recubrimiento de tabiques.The present invention consists of a prefabricated for construction, particularly for assembly of vaults or wall covering.
La construcción, restauración o reforma de edificios o pequeñas construcciones ha venido realizándose a lo largo de la historia de forma artesanal, lo que ha redundado a lo largo de los tiempos en la realización de las mismas operaciones de maneras a menudo distintas, lo que ha resultado en la creatividad y en consecuencia en la gran diversidad arquitectónica existente en la actualidad.The construction, restoration or reform of buildings or small constructions has been carried out at throughout history by hand, which has resulted in over time in performing the same operations of often different ways, which has resulted in creativity and consequently in the great architectural diversity existing in the actuality
Uno de los problemas que presenta actualmente el sector de la construcción es que debido a la gran demanda y limitada oferta, los precios de las edificaciones son extraordinariamente elevados, lo que pone al alcance de una minoria la realización de obras que requieren una intervención artesanal mayor que la de la construcción estándar.One of the problems currently presented by the construction sector is that due to high demand and Limited offer, building prices are extraordinarily high, which puts within reach of a minority the realization of works that require an artisan intervention greater than that of the standard construction.
Una faceta de la construcción artesanal es la de los recubrimientos, y particularmente la realización de frisos o tabiques completos, bóvedas o sujeción de vigas de madera con ladrillos de cara vista. Particularmente la realización de bóvedas presenta el requerimiento de medios de sujeción de los ladrillos durante el tiempo de fraguado del cemento.One facet of artisanal construction is that of the coatings, and particularly the realization of friezes or complete partitions, vaults or fastening of wooden beams with face bricks. Particularly the realization of vaults presents the requirement of bricks fastening means during the time of setting of the cement.
En la construcción moderna se tratan de reproducir los ambientes clásicos y/o rústicos, lo que supone un coste particularmente elevado.In modern construction they are about reproduce the classic and / or rustic environments, which means a particularly high cost.
Por otra parte, además de la realización costosa, deben considerarse los costes de transporte y manipulación, que dependen en gran medida del peso y volumen de las piezas a manejar.Moreover, in addition to the realization expensive, transportation costs should be considered and handling, which depend largely on the weight and volume of pieces to handle.
Es por tanto deseable la realización de recubrimientos a un coste razonable, al tiempo que el peso no sea excesivo, conservando el aspecto de los ladrillos y sus espacios intermedios.It is therefore desirable to carry out coatings at a reasonable cost, while the weight is not excessive, preserving the appearance of the bricks and their spaces intermediate
Son conocidos los tabiques prefabricados en hormigón (para piezas estructurales), los tabiques prefabricados en escayola para divisiones interiores, tabiques con estructuras compuestas y aligeradas (escayola-serrín, escayola-perlita). ES U 250366 divulga una pared prefabricada para la construcción que comprende dos caras externas de raseo y un medio interior de poliuretano. ES U 1048165 divulga un bloque para la construcción en el que se disponen dos ladrillos unidos por un cuerpo central de material plástico ligero. Similar al anterior se define un bloque aislante perfeccionado en ES U 1037689. Del mismo modo, WO 0790068 divulga un ladrillo para construcción formado por un cajón de poliestireno expandido y un núcleo de hormigón aligerado con poliestireno.Prefabricated partitions are known in concrete (for structural parts), prefabricated partitions in plaster for interior divisions, partitions with structures compound and lightened (plaster-sawdust, plaster-perlite). ES U 250366 discloses a wall prefabricated for construction comprising two external faces of raseo and a polyurethane interior medium. ES U 1048165 discloses a building block in which two bricks are arranged joined by a central body of lightweight plastic material. Similary to the previous one an improved insulated block is defined in ES U 1037689. Similarly, WO 0790068 discloses a brick for construction formed by an expanded polystyrene drawer and a Lightened concrete core with polystyrene.
Sin embargo, ninguno de los antecedentes resuelve el problema de cómo realizar un recubrimiento para la realización de ambientes clásicos o rústicos sobre tabiques ya construidos, ni el de la construcción de pequeñas bóvedas entre viguetas o vigas de madera.However, none of the background solves the problem of how to make a coating for the realization of classic or rustic environments on partitions already built, nor the construction of small vaults between joists or wooden beams.
Consiste la presente invención en un prefabricado para la construcción que comprende un cuerpo formado por una bóveda de ladrillo para la realización de techos, destinada a ser dispuestas entre vigas de madera, y que reproduce una realización artesanal, al tiempo que todas las piezas presentan elementos diferenciales. Se extiende también la presente invención a un cuerpo de recubrimiento de paredes prefabricado, que permite la realización de frisos o de paredes también provisto de ladrillo visto. También se define en el ámbito de la invención un soporte para la sujeción y ocultación del extremo de vigas superpuestas para la colocación de las bóvedas de la invención.The present invention consists of a prefabricated building comprising a formed body by a brick vault for the realization of ceilings, destined to be arranged between wooden beams, and that reproduces a handmade realization, while all the pieces present differential elements. The present invention also extends to a prefabricated wall covering body, which allows the realization of friezes or walls also provided with brick viewed. A support is also defined in the scope of the invention. for fastening and concealing the end of overlapping beams for the placement of the vaults of the invention.
Con objeto de ilustrar la explicación que va a seguir, se adjuntan a la presente memoria descriptiva siete hojas de dibujos, en las que en diez figuras se representa la esencia de la presente invención, y en las que:In order to illustrate the explanation that will follow, seven sheets are attached to this specification of drawings, in which the essence of the present invention, and in which:
La figura 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva de una pieza prefabricada para la construcción de bóvedas conforme a la invención,Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a prefabricated part for the construction of vaults according to the invention,
La figura 2 muestra una vista frontal de una pieza prefabricada para la construcción o recubrimiento de tabiques, en la que se observan un conjunto de ladrillos enteros y otros partidos,Figure 2 shows a front view of a prefabricated piece for the construction or coating of partitions, in which a set of whole bricks are observed and other parties,
La figura 3 muestra una vista frontal en la que se observan dos piezas como las de la figura 2 ensambladas entre sí,Figure 3 shows a front view in which there are two pieces like those in figure 2 assembled between yes,
La figura 4 muestra una vista de una pieza prefabricada que comprende una parte frontal y un reborde superior, ambas de ladrillo, en la que se dispone un machihembrado de un primer tipo,Figure 4 shows a view of a piece prefabricated comprising a front part and an upper flange, both of brick, in which a tongue and groove of a first type,
La figura 5 muestra una vista frontal de una pieza como la de la figura 4, pero con un machihembrado complementario,Figure 5 shows a front view of a piece like the one in figure 4, but with a tongue and groove complementary,
La figura 6 muestra una vista frontal de una pieza de apoyo de una viga para la realización de techos con zonas abovedadas entre vigas,Figure 6 shows a front view of a support piece of a beam for roofing with zones domed between beams,
La figura 7 muestra una vista en perspectiva de la pieza de la figura 6,Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the piece of figure 6,
La figura 8 muestra una vista frontal de un friso de un tabique formado por piezas de las figuras 4 y 5,Figure 8 shows a front view of a frieze of a partition formed by pieces of figures 4 and 5,
La figura 9 muestra una vista en perspectiva desde debajo de un techo formado por un conjunto de vigas apoyadas en las piezas de la figura 6 con las bóvedas entre vigas formadas por piezas como las de la figura 1, yFigure 9 shows a perspective view from under a roof formed by a set of supported beams in the pieces of figure 6 with the vaults between beams formed by pieces like those in figure 1, and
La figura 10 muestra una sección de la pieza prefabricada de la figura 1 en que se aprecia su estructura constructiva.Figure 10 shows a section of the piece prefabricated figure 1 in which its structure is appreciated constructive
Consiste la presente invención en un prefabricado para construcción que presenta una vista exterior de ladrillo, preferentemente de ladrillo macizo rústico, al tiempo que presenta unas condiciones de ligereza en peso y solidez estructural, con la ventaja de que tiene un reducido coste, una gran facilidad de manejo, y un abaratamiento de los costes de construcción. Además, con la pieza de las figuras 6 y 7 puede sujetarse una viga, por ejemplo una viga de madera, mediante un atornillado a la pared, de modo que por no necesitar soportar una gran cantidad de peso, no necesita ser empotrada en el muro donde se ha de colocar. Además, la pieza de las figuras 6 y 7 tiene la ventaja de ocultar la zona de unión, con lo que simula un verdadero empotramiento.The present invention consists of a prefabricated building that presents an exterior view of brick, preferably solid rustic brick, while It has light weight conditions and structural strength, with the advantage that it has a reduced cost, great ease of handling, and a lowering of construction costs. In addition, with the piece of figures 6 and 7 a beam can be attached, for example a wooden beam, by means of a screwed to the wall, so that by not needing to support a large amount of weight, no It needs to be embedded in the wall where it is to be placed. Besides, the piece of figures 6 and 7 has the advantage of hiding the area of union, which simulates true embedment.
Conforme a un primer aspecto de la invención, según la reivindicación 1, se proporciona un cuerpo prefabricado 1, 11, 21, 31 que comprende una superficie vista compuesta de un conjunto de ladrillos 6 con una cara visible 2, y una unión entre ellos 3, así como una unión 4, 14 entre cada cuerpo prefabricado 1, 11, 21, 31, y una unión 3 entre cada ladrillo 6 y los adyacentes.According to a first aspect of the invention, according to claim 1, a prefabricated body 1 is provided, 11, 21, 31 comprising a view surface composed of a set of bricks 6 with a visible face 2, and a union between them 3, as well as a union 4, 14 between each prefabricated body 1, 11, 21, 31, and a junction 3 between each brick 6 and the adjacent.
El tamaño convencional de los ladrillos, y especialmente los ladrillos macizos con aspecto rústico, presenta un grosor mínimo de aproximadamente 4 cm. debido a que en el proceso de conformación en verde los ladrillos se extruyen en una máquina extrusora, lo que les proporciona una adecuada resistencia como elemento estructural. Aunque fuera deseable para aplicaciones como la que nos ocupa la fabricación de ladrillos de menor grosor, ello no es posible sin que resulten grandes defectos de formas y tamaños.The conventional size of the bricks, and especially solid bricks with rustic appearance, presents a minimum thickness of approximately 4 cm. because in the green shaping process the bricks are extruded into a extruder machine, which provides them with adequate resistance as a structural element Although it was desirable for applications like the one we are dealing with making bricks of less thickness, this is not possible without major defects of forms and sizes.
Puesto que es deseable obtener piezas con el mínimo peso, se define como parte de esta invención el corte de los ladrillos en al menos dos mitades y posiblemente más partes, mediante un corte paralelo a sus caras mayores, de modo que se obtienen ladrillos de iguales dimensiones (largo y ancho) y menor grosor, y consecuentemente menor peso.Since it is desirable to obtain parts with the minimum weight, it is defined as part of this invention the cutting of the bricks in at least two halves and possibly more parts, by cutting parallel to their major faces, so that they obtain bricks of equal dimensions (length and width) and smaller thickness, and consequently less weight.
Los ladrillos 6 están soportados y parcialmente insertados sobre una base de un material polimérico 5, tal como un material polimérico expandido, lo que da suficiente resistencia para soportar su propio peso. Debemos destacar que las piezas propuestas tienen fin decorativo y no estructural.The bricks 6 are supported and partially inserted on a base of a polymeric material 5, such as a expanded polymeric material, which gives enough strength To bear its own weight. We must emphasize that the pieces proposals have a decorative and non-structural purpose.
Si bien las piezas 1 para la formación de bóvedas están previstas para su uso como falso techo, es posible dar al conjunto una solidez estructural suficiente mediante un encofrado convencional en la parte superior, lo que permitirá su uso como cualquier otro forjado.While pieces 1 for the formation of Vaults are intended for use as a false ceiling, it is possible give the whole a sufficient structural strength by means of a conventional formwork on the top, which will allow its use Like any other floor.
En el caso de que el cuerpo de la invención se utilice para la formación de paredes, se ha previsto la realización de un cuerpo plano 11, 21, 31, con idéntica estructura a la de los elementos curvos, que presenta un conjunto de ladrillos 12 (de reducido grosor) dispuestos de manera convencional, en la que existe un cierto hueco 13 entre cada par de ladrillos. Al unir dos parejas de piezas 11 quedará entre ellas un hueco 14 de grosor similar al existente entre los ladrillos entre sí, y para guardar la forma de la pieza habrá algunos ladrillos cortados 12a cuya longitud será la de la mitad de un ladrillo entero menos la mitad del hueco 14.In the event that the body of the invention is use for wall formation, the realization is planned of a flat body 11, 21, 31, with identical structure to that of the curved elements, which presents a set of bricks 12 (of reduced thickness) arranged in a conventional manner, in which there is a certain gap 13 between each pair of bricks. By joining two couples of pieces 11 will be between them a gap 14 of thickness similar to existing between the bricks with each other, and to keep the shape of the piece will be some 12a cut bricks whose length will be the from half of an entire brick minus half of the hole 14.
Según otro modo de realización, los cuerpos 21, 31 se dispondrán en machihembrado formado por ladrillos 22 con unos ladrillos salientes 28 y unos huecos entrantes 27, siendo los huecos entre ellos designados con 24. Si estas piezas 21, 31 (o las anteriores 11) van a disponerse para formar un friso, se ha previsto que la parte superior disponga un remate mediante ladrillos 29 de grosor adecuado dispuestos en posición horizontal por encima del conjunto, formando o no un machihembrado junto con el resto de la pieza. Podemos ver un ejemplo de yuxtaposición de las piezas 21 y 31 en la figura 8. Para ser ajustadas a la longitud del tabique correspondiente, las piezas pueden ser cortadas a escuadra o inglete para los ángulos correspondientes, lo que debido al limitado grosor de los ladrillos resulta muy fácil con una sierra o muela adecuada.According to another embodiment, the bodies 21, 31 will be arranged in tongue and groove formed by bricks 22 with some outgoing bricks 28 and some incoming gaps 27, the gaps between them designated with 24. If these pieces 21, 31 (or the previous 11) will be arranged to form a frieze, it has provided that the upper part has a brick trim 29 of suitable thickness arranged horizontally above of the set, forming or not a tongue and groove together with the rest of the piece. We can see an example of juxtaposition of the pieces 21 and 31 in Figure 8. To be adjusted to the length of the partition corresponding, the pieces can be cut to square or miter for the corresponding angles, which due to the limited thickness of the bricks is very easy with a saw or grinding wheel adequate.
El montaje de la pieza 1 tiene lugar sobre vigas 36, como puede verse en la figura 9. Sin embargo, existen lugares donde no es posible o no es fácil o deseable el empotramiento de una viga. Para ello, se ha previsto un soporte embellecedor 35 que está formado por un conjunto de ladrillos o fragmentos de ladrillo 38 de profundidad decreciente hacia la parte inferior, que se fijan a la pared mediante una placa 37 atornillada, para ser la viga 36 apoyada sobre dicho cuerpo. Una vez atornillado y cerradas las juntas, simula perfectamente un empotramiento en pared, manteniendo el aspecto estético deseado. Sobre dichas vigas 36 se disponen las bóvedas 1 contiguas una a otra hasta completar el hueco. Puesto que el acabado se limita a dejar caer unas bóvedas 1 junto a otras, un techo abovedado puede ser cubierto en unos pocos minutos, pudiendo siempre ser ajustados los extremos a la forma y dimensiones de la pared mediante el corte correspondiente.The assembly of part 1 takes place on beams 36, as can be seen in Figure 9. However, there are places where it is not possible or not easy or desirable to embed a beam For this, a trim support 35 is provided which It is formed by a set of bricks or brick fragments 38 of decreasing depth towards the bottom, which are fixed to the wall by means of a screwed plate 37, to be the beam 36 supported on said body. Once screwed and closed the together, it perfectly simulates a wall recess, keeping the desired aesthetic appearance. On said beams 36 the vaults 1 adjacent to each other until the hole is completed. Since the finish is limited to drop some vaults 1 next to others, a Vaulted ceiling can be covered in a few minutes, being able to the ends always be adjusted to the shape and dimensions of the wall by the corresponding cut.
Los huecos existentes entre ladrillos 12, 22 y entre cuerpos 14, 24 están rellenos de un material de color y textura adecuados, tal como arena de sílice.The gaps between bricks 12, 22 and between bodies 14, 24 are filled with a colored material and suitable texture, such as silica sand.
Se refiere también la presente invención a un procedimiento de fabricación de los cuerpos prefabricados de la reivindicación 1. De acuerdo con dicho procedimiento se dispone un molde provisto de un conjunto de huecos predeterminados para cada uno de los ladrillos o partes de ladrillo que conforman la pieza. Como los ladrillos han de ser de un grosor menor al resultante de la fabricación, previamente a su disposición en el molde deben ser cortados para lograr el grosor deseado. Ello permite también el máximo aprovechamiento de los ladrillos por cuanto cada uno puede ser utilizado preferentemente para al menos dos huecos.The present invention also relates to a manufacturing process of the prefabricated bodies of the claim 1. According to said method, a mold provided with a set of predetermined holes for each one of the bricks or brick parts that make up the piece. As the bricks must be of a thickness less than the result of manufacturing, previously available in the mold must be cut to achieve the desired thickness. This also allows the maximum use of the bricks because each one can preferably be used for at least two holes.
Una vez dispuestos los ladrillos (mitades u otras fracciones) en el molde plano o curvo, se rellenan los huecos de un material de relleno, tal como arena de sílice tintada o no. A continuación se inyecta el material polimérico, tal como poliuretano expandido, para ser posteriormente desmoldado.Once the bricks are arranged (halves or other fractions) in the flat or curved mold, the gaps are filled of a filler material, such as tinted silica sand or not. TO then the polymeric material is injected, such as expanded polyurethane, to be subsequently unmold.
Es de aplicación industrial en la fabricación de prefabricados para la construcción.It is of industrial application in the manufacture of Prefabricated for construction.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501221A ES2277518B1 (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2005-05-19 | PREFABRICATED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND ELABORATION PROCEDURE. |
| PCT/ES2006/070060 WO2006123005A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2006-05-15 | Prefabricated element for construction and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501221A ES2277518B1 (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2005-05-19 | PREFABRICATED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND ELABORATION PROCEDURE. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2277518A1 ES2277518A1 (en) | 2007-07-01 |
| ES2277518B1 true ES2277518B1 (en) | 2008-06-01 |
Family
ID=37430958
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501221A Expired - Fee Related ES2277518B1 (en) | 2005-05-19 | 2005-05-19 | PREFABRICATED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND ELABORATION PROCEDURE. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2277518B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006123005A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090173037A1 (en) | 2008-01-08 | 2009-07-09 | Ano Leo | Prefabricated Building Components and Assembly Equipments |
| CA2993095C (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2021-08-17 | Laing O'rourke Australia Pty Limited | Method for fabricating a composite construction element |
| CN111173222A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-19 | 佛山宏润美嘉建材有限公司 | Marble facade construction process |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1202701A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1970-08-19 | Kalco Holdings Ltd | Prefabricated building panel |
| US3646715A (en) * | 1970-04-06 | 1972-03-07 | Du Pont Canada | Prefabricated building panel |
| IE38460B1 (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1978-03-15 | Southern Chem Ltd | A wall insulation panel |
| US4219984A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-09-02 | San Maurice G De | Method of manufacturing building panels |
| CA2206671C (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2000-02-15 | Rolf C. Holzkaemper | Prefabricated composite building panel |
| ES1045898Y (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2001-04-16 | Pleyade Arte Aplicado S L | PLATES FOR COATINGS. |
| BE1015067A4 (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2004-09-07 | Mafika S P R L | Decorative curved panel for vaulted ceiling has one or more fixing lugs and polymer reinforcing members |
-
2005
- 2005-05-19 ES ES200501221A patent/ES2277518B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-05-15 WO PCT/ES2006/070060 patent/WO2006123005A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006123005A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
| ES2277518A1 (en) | 2007-07-01 |
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