RU23448U1 - FAST-MOUNTED BUILDING BLOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A building block, characterized in that it is made up of at least two prefabricated elements connected by ends with glue to form a broken line in a plan of a given shape. The block according to claim 1, made in the plan of a triangular, polygonal, G- or U-shaped, and the ends of two adjacent elements are beveled relative to their side planes and are made reciprocal to each other. The block according to claim 1 or 2, the material of the element of which is used whole natural stone, for example, sandstone, limestone, marble or artificial stone, for example concrete, reinforced concrete, polymer concrete or foam. 4. A block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which at least one of the elements, at least on part of one of its sides, has a textured layer with a given texture and color. The block according to claim 4, as the material of the textured layer of which natural stone is used, and / or smalt and / or stained glass. A block according to any one of claims 4 and 5, in which the textured layer of the element is configured to allow the material of the invoice to be embedded in the solution previously applied to the front of the element. A block according to any one of claims 4 and 5, in which the textured layer of the element is obtained by using off-staged formwork. Block according to any one of claims 4 to 7, having a different depth of the textured layer. A block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which at least one of its elements has a smooth surface. A block according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which at least one of its elements has a relief surface with a predetermined pattern on its front side. The block of claim 10, the embossed surface of which is

Description

Quick-mount building block

The proposal relates to the field of construction, in particular, to the construction of blocks used as load-bearing elements of buildings or structures, elements of fixed formwork, as well as elements of a small architectural form.

In construction, hollow three-dimensional blocks are widely known, used as, for example, wall elements with their subsequent filling with heat-insulating or other material.

Blocks have a different configuration in plan and are usually manufactured in the factory using special formwork forms corresponding to the shape of the block.

The implementation of well-known blocks in the form of a single element requires special lifting equipment, mounting equipment for each form of the block and finishing work after their installation.

The proposed block design is more universal in its essence, including the diversity of use and is characterized by the speed of installation, and in the most diverse, sometimes little adapted conditions, therefore neither. blocks n l 1 can be selected as an analogue of the proposed solution ..

The technical result of the proposal is to reduce labor costs and accelerate the manufacture of blocks of any configuration in plan from individual elements having a decorative layer with simple bonding on glue, as well as to expand the scope of use of these blocks.

The technical result achieved is achieved due to the fact that the building block is made integral and includes at least two prefabricated and / or decorated elements in the form of panels or plates connected by ends with glue with the formation in the plan of a broken line of a given shape that defines

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functional purpose of the block. The ends of two adjacent elements are made reciprocal to each other, each of these ends is beveled relative to the lateral plane of the element.

The block can be made in terms of triangular, polygonal, Gili U-shaped or any other shape. As the material of the block element, solid natural stone, for example, sandstone, limestone, marble or artificial stone, for example, concrete, reinforced concrete, polymer concrete, polystyrene, etc., is used. materials. At least one of the elements of the block, at least on part of one of its sides, has a textured layer with a given texture and color. As the material of the textured layer, natural stone and / or smalt, and / or colored glass or the like are used. materials.

The textured layer of the block element is made with the possibility of ensuring the incorporation of the invoice material into the solution previously applied to the front side.

The textured layer of the element can be obtained using off-line formwork forms.

The block may have a different depth of the texture layer.

At least one of the elements of the block may have a smooth surface.

At least one of the block elements can also have a relief surface with a given pattern on its front side.

The embossed surface is formed by pouring solutions with molds or using natural stone laid on a solution, or engraving, etc.

The materials of the elements and glue are selected taking into account the operating conditions of the unit and the forces acting on it.

The block is made with the possibility of use as a permanent formwork in the construction or reconstruction of buildings or structures, columns, retaining walls, etc.

The elements of the block are equipped with removable reinforcing tapes in the form, for example, of wire, plastic or metal tapes placed on the outside of the elements.

The block is made with the possibility of its use as a lawn or area-forming fence.

The block can also be made with the possibility of use as an element of the interior or landscape architecture, for example, a flower girl, pedestal, street lamp, chair-pedestal.

The block is also made with the possibility of its use as a decorative design, for example, external corners on the facade of the building.

The block is made with the possibility of its assembly in factory or construction conditions.

The proposal is illustrated in the drawing, where:

on figa, b, c - respectively shows a square, L-shaped and trapezoidal blocks in plan;

on figa, b, c, respectively, the front side of the block element with a textured layer, section aa in figa, perspective view;

on figs, Za, b, c - respectively, the front surface of the block element made of solid stone, section BB in Fig.Za, perspective view;

on figa, b, c - respectively, the front surface of the block with a thematic relief obtained by pouring material, section CC in figa, perspective view;

on figa, b, c - respectively the front surface of the block element with a relief obtained by its formation, for example, with natural stone, section DD in figa, perspective view;

on figa, b, c, d - embodiments of blocks in plan with different bevel angles of the end surfaces of the elements;

on figa, b, c, d - options for using blocks in new construction;

accordingly, fixed formwork of racks and reinforcement of columns during the reconstruction of buildings or structures;

on figa, b, c, d - the use of blocks as elements of the interior and landscape architecture.

The building block (figure 1) includes, depending on the shape in plan, from 2 elements or more. The block can be made L-shaped (Fig. 16), for example, for decorative design of the external corners of the facade of the building, or fixed formwork retaining wall (Fig. 76). In the case of execution of a closed polygonal block shape (Fig. 1 a, c), it can be used as an element of fixed formwork of columns of a newly constructed building (Fig. 8a) or to strengthen columns of a reconstructed building (Fig. 8b). The closed polygonal shape of the block in the plan can also be used as pillars of fences (Fig. 7c), fencing elements of various lawns, ploshch, adok (Fig. Tg), flower girls, pedestals of street lamps, chair-tables, ballot boxes, etc. (figa, b, c, d). Each block is made integral and includes at least two plates 1 (Fig. 16), each of which can be made together with a decorative layer 2. This layer is made in the form of a textured layer, the material of which can be natural stone, smalt, colored glass, metals, etc. (figure 1, 2).

The surface texture of the element can be obtained by implanting the material of invoice 3 into solution 4 (Fig.2b), previously applied to the front surface of the plate 1, at least on part of its surface (Fig.2c), on the entire surface or using formwork forms. The plate can be made with reinforcing elements; 5.

Depending on the type of material used, the depth of the texture can be different.

be made with a textured layer, the remaining elements of the block facing the adjacent block or the inner side of the room can have a smooth surface.

C. The block material uses solid natural stone, such as sandstone, limestone, marble, or artificial stone, such as concrete, reinforced concrete, polymer concrete, polystyrene, etc. materials.

Processing of natural or natural stone on its front side can be done roughened 9, for example, for limestone, or smooth polished for marble (Fig. Za, b, c).

The front side of the block slab can also be embossed with a given pattern obtained by pouring with solutions of forms 6 (Fig. 4) using natural stone 7, laid on a solution of 4 (Fig. 5b) or by machining - engraving the stone.

The assembly of the block is as follows. Before assembly, all the elements of the block are pre-cut at an angle determined by the shape of the block. For example, for a square block in terms of block, this angle will be 45 degrees (Fig.6).

The block is glued with adhesives suitable for gluing the materials used, of which the elements consist. In the case of the use of blocks outdoors, in aggressive environments, etc., adhesives and material should be selected according to the factors of external influences and have moisture and heat resistance and the like. The unit can be assembled in the factory, or in order to save space and safety during transportation directly in construction conditions. In cases of using blocks as a permanent formwork (Fig. 76), it is necessary at the time of assembly to pull the blocks together with reinforcing tapes 8 in the form of wire, plastic or metal packaging tapes (Fig. 1a, c). After filling the blocks with concrete or filling them with other aggregates (assembly ones can be dismantled. Foams, etc.) reinforcing tapes

Claims (16)

1. A building block, characterized in that it is made composite of at least two prefabricated elements interconnected by means of glue with the formation in plan of a broken line of a given shape.  2. The block according to claim 1, made in plan of a triangular, polygonal, G- or U-shaped, and the ends of two adjacent elements are beveled relative to their side planes and are made reciprocal to each other.  3. The block according to claim 1 or 2, the material of the element of which is used whole natural stone, for example, sandstone, limestone, marble or artificial stone, for example concrete, reinforced concrete, polymer concrete or foam.  4. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which at least one of the elements, at least on part of one of its sides, has a textured layer with a given texture and color.  5. The block according to claim 4, as the material of the textured layer which is used natural stone, and / or smalt and / or colored glass.  6. The block according to any one of paragraphs.4 and 5, in which the invoice layer of the element is configured to ensure the embedding of the invoice material in a solution previously applied to the front side of the element.  7. Block according to any one of paragraphs.4 and 5, in which the textured layer of the element is obtained by using off-line formwork.  8. The block according to any one of paragraphs.4-7, having a different depth of the textured layer.  9. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which at least one of its elements has a smooth surface.  10. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 9, in which at least one of its elements has a relief surface with a predetermined pattern on its front side.  11. The block of claim 10, the embossed surface of which is formed by pouring solutions of forms or using natural stone laid on the solution, or engraving.  12. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 11, made with the possibility of use as a fixed formwork.  13. The block according to claim 12, the elements of which are equipped with removable reinforcing tapes in the form, for example, of wire, plastic or metal tapes, placed on the outside of the elements.  14. The block according to any one of claims 1 to 11, made with the possibility of use as a lawn or area-forming fencing.  15. Block according to any one of claims 1 to 11, made with the possibility of use as an element of the interior or landscape architecture. 16. The block according to clause 15, made with the possibility of using it as a flower girl, pedestal, street lamp, chair-pedestal.