ES2228340T3 - PROVISION OF HOUSING BODIES. - Google Patents

Abstract

Each block unit (12) comprises two flat units (14,20) and a garage unit (26) for them. In the longitudinal direction (L) the two flat units are directly adjacent the first flat unit (14) has a ground floor (16) and a first floor (18), while the second unit (20) has a top floor (22), above which is a penthouse section (24). The garage unit is located under the second flat unit. A transition unit (28) has connections of external service and drain lines, especially for current, telecommunications, gas, water with respective meters. From the transition unit extends at least one access line (30) in the width direction (B), to which the individual flat units are coupled for inlet and outlet.

Description

Disposition of housing bodies.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a provision of housing bodies for a plot that extends in longitudinal direction and in transverse direction, with blocks of housing bodies that are repeated in grid form in transverse direction and they have willing building bodies essentially parallel and mutually overlapping,

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presenting each block of bodies of housing two building bodies arranged with a separation in transverse direction, and

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presenting each building body a first independent housing unit and a second unit of independent housing.

Current state of the art

The cost of the lots, particularly in the area urban, represents a considerable part in the acquisition of households. Therefore, planners seek to take advantage of the as much as possible the surface of the plot within the framework of the plan of urban planning to be established in accordance with the standards legal, that is, to have as many units as possible housing on a plot, for example, to make available of young families housing units at reasonable prices, particularly in the urban area.

In the field of building construction of multi-storey homes, in urban areas densely built use values are acceptable of the land in the form 0.4 / 1.2, that is, 40% (percent) of the solar is built and 120% of the surface of the site is available as a surface in plants. Often this has led to the construction of several residential buildings known plants that, because of their sad and anonymous character, find little acceptance among buyers of buildings or of households. In general, the necessary parking spaces only They can be built in underground garages.

In particular young families prefer dispositions of housing bodies known as townhouses or semi-detached houses. However, this type of building does not allow take advantage of the plot with the high use values of land allowed in the urban area in relation to the urban planning plan Therefore, this type of construction is not they can perform economically in the hull area urban.

US 4,118,905 A describes a provision of housing bodies of the type indicated in the introduction. These are multi-storey residential buildings which are composed of cells of the same type and which are given service through common staircase boxes. Supplies and technical drains take place in counter-floors planned for this in a similar way to construction projects Industrial In this type of arrangement of housing bodies no a real division can be carried out, that is, the respective Homeowners acquire a condominium right in the entire arrangement of housing bodies, since the bodies of housing are arranged as such one over another (buildings of multi-storey houses). The prefabricated housing bodies in the form of cells are arranged directly next to each other and directly one over another, partly with a mutual displacement determined.

Document GB 1246178 A describes a system for supplies and technical drains of elements of plant arranged one above the other, in which cells of installation specially developed for a system of construction with a high degree of prefabrication.

US 3,750,354 A discloses a housing unit arrangement block with a system of services and supply and evacuation specially developed for the construction of multi-storey residential buildings. In this case a so-called system is used "split-level" with housing units with different displacements with each other and integrated garages.

Document DE 2726303 A describes a construction system with a high degree of prefabrication in the technical installation for the specific spatial use of Its exposure characteristics. This type of supply and evacuation is used in particular in industrial construction, the construction of schools and the construction of buildings for the administration. In this case numerous elements of prefabricated installation.

Document DE 3623798 discloses buildings of sanitized or modernized homes with several or many homes. Each individual dwelling is configured as an independent unit as a single-family home when it comes to supply and evacuation and thermal insulation measures. In addition, the individual rooms of the house can be modified in terms of  supply and thermal insulation and in terms of aeration and ventilation.

Description of the invention

Starting from the current state of the art above mentioned, the present invention is based on the objective or the technical problem of indicating a provision of housing bodies for a plot that allows the greatest possible use of the land use values for the construction of multi-storey residential buildings in urban areas within the framework of a dense building, the type must be dispensed with of habitual construction of several residential buildings plants and, using land use values, a provision must be created that corresponds to the type of building of semi-detached houses and, consequently, with which obtain individual housing units with a high ratio of cost-performance

The arrangement of housing bodies according to the invention has the characteristics indicated in the independent claim 1. The dependent claims indicate advantageous configurations and refinements.

Consequently, the arrangement of bodies of housing according to the invention is characterized because

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the first and second housing unit are arranged directly one after the other displaced in the direction longitudinal,

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the First housing unit has a lower floor (floor ground floor) and an upper floor (upper floor) arranged on is,

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the second housing unit has a lower floor and a floor  upper (attic) arranged on it,

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the upper floor of the first housing unit is ready to same level as the lower floor of the second unit of living place,

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below of the second housing unit a unit of garage,

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for the whole provision of housing units there is only one unit transfer, within which the connection with the supply and evacuation pipes from abroad, particularly for electricity devices telecommunications, gas, water, through the measurement units corresponding, and

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since the transfer unit leaves at least one service conduit  with supply and evacuation pipes that extend essentially in the transverse direction and to which they are connected the individual housing units of the building bodies for supplies and evacuations with interconnection of units of measurement and distribution.

The provision of consistent housing bodies in two housing units and a garage unit you can build in a real division of housing units corresponding.

The arrangement of housing bodies according to the invention enables a particularly high utilization of the surface of the plot and allows to reach use values of the land as in the construction of residential buildings of several plants, presenting at the same time the desired character of A construction of semi-detached houses. By using a single transfer unit for supply pipes and evacuation from abroad are further reduced clearly construction costs for the entire arrangement of bodies of housing, since it is not necessary that each housing unit be connect individually to the public distribution network, but it is equipped with supply and evacuation units independent through the service duct within the disposition of housing bodies.

In the planning and preparation of new buildable land is greatly reduced costs for public services, given that the public network of supplies and evacuations is not necessary in the neighborhood streets, which reduces land prices. The public network of supplies and evacuations is only necessary in the streets of main service.

Through the mutually displaced disposition of the first and second housing unit, each housing unit It has a terrace area with garden or roof garden.

Especially advantageously, the areas habitable of the first and second housing units are oriented in the same direction and all bedrooms are They find on the first floor.

In short, this way a provision is provided of housing bodies that allows an economic construction of the entire installation and, consequently, also enables economic construction of housing units in areas of dense building (urban areas), the price of which does not exceed  possibilities of a young family.

A particularly preferred configuration is characterized in that the conduit of services extends between the garage unit and the lower floor of the first unit of housing, which allows a simple constructive configuration and in the end it ensures simple maintenance, since the maintenance and quantity registration takes place first in the outer part in the single transfer unit. The connection to public supply units in a single station according to the invention is especially advantageous, since no connection cost to the public network of housing units individual and also the community of owners, as a buyer wholesale, you can negotiate a cheaper rate with the suppliers. Individual housing units have the corresponding connections through distribution units and measurement present along the service duct.

A particularly simple embodiment and advantageous from the point of view of construction, which favors maintenance, modifications or extensions, are characterized in that the service duct extends to a level lower than the roof of the lower floor of the second unit of living place.

To anticipate the possibility of other lines future supplies and evacuations installed underground it is especially advantageous to have another service conduit at a lower level than the lower floor of the first unit of housing, extending this conduit of services in the same direction (cross direction of the site) than the conduit of services mentioned above and below this seen in plant.

To avoid damage caused by third parties and to protect the service conduit against influences weather, according to a configuration especially advantageously, the service duct is arranged under a roof discontinued.

A provision of realizable housing bodies especially advantageously from the economic point of view It is characterized because the first housing unit and the second housing unit are essentially configured as bodies of parallelepiped-shaped construction, which thanks to this form of parallelepiped are easy to build and represent a especially advantageous solution in terms of the possibility of a variable arrangement of interior walls within the parallelepiped, since dividing walls can be introduced individually and at the will of the owner.

A particularly advantageous configuration of a provision of housing bodies for industrial manufacturing in big series it is characterized because the first and the second housing unit present essentially the same structure of outer perimeter

To reach the use values of usual land in the construction of residential buildings several plants - namely 0.4 / 1.2 - is especially advantageous choose a separation of the building bodies in the direction cross section of the construction site from 5 to 7 m (meters), being the width of a building body preferably 5 to 8 m (meters). The length of a housing unit can be preferably from 8 to 11 m (meters).

With the mentioned values they can be taken to the trouble-free practice land use values corresponding to those of the construction of residential buildings of several plants, being possible at the same time the character of a semi-detached house building, since the housing units arranged offset to each other allow a configuration individual with high residential value.

According to an embodiment example preferred, between two building bodies separated in the direction transverse, at the height of the lower floor of the first unit housing, at least another unit of space can be arranged usable to increase the living area.

In the same way a variant of realization characterized because between two building bodies separated from a block of housing bodies, at the height of the upper floor of the first housing unit and the plant bottom of the second housing unit, a unit of additional living space that extends the first and the Second housing unit.

Other embodiments and advantages of the invention follows from the characteristics indicated in the claims and the embodiment described below. The characteristics indicated in the claims can be combine with each other at will, provided they do not mutually exclude each other Obviously.

Brief description of the drawings

Then, based on the example depicted in the drawings are described and explain more in detail the invention and advantageous embodiments and improvements of it. The characteristics that are they follow from the description and the drawings can be used of according to the invention individually or in any combination desired of them. The drawings show:

Figure 1: A schematic plan view of a solar that extends in longitudinal direction and in direction transversal with an arrangement of housing bodies according to the invention with blocks of housing bodies arranged in the form of Grid in transverse direction.

Figure 2: A schematic section in direction transverse through the plot with arrangement of bodies of housing according to Figure 1.

Figure 3: A schematic representation in Ground floor section of a block of housing bodies.

Figure 4: A schematic representation in Upper floor section of a housing block.

Figure 5: A schematic representation in Attic section of a block of housing bodies.

Figure 6: A schematic longitudinal section in the area of a transfer station of the provision of housing bodies according to Figure 1.

Figure 7: A schematic cross section of the transfer station according to Figure 6.

Figure 8: A very perspective representation schematized of one half of the housing block as a building body with a represented service duct schematically

Figure 9: A schematic representation in lower floor section of a block of bodies of living place.

Figure 10: A schematic section in direction longitudinal of a building body.

Embodiments of the invention

A plot 50, partially represented in the Figure 1, with a neighborhood street 52 that extends between provisions of housing bodies 10 and that comes out in each case of a main service street, is built with a provision of housing bodies 10 presenting blocks of bodies of housing 11 arranged in a grid in the direction transverse B.

The housing blocks 11 consist of essentially in two building bodies 12 arranged parallel and separated from each other in the distance A in the transverse direction B, presenting each building body 12 two housing units and a garage unit.

Building bodies 12 have a longitudinal dimension of 2 x LL in the longitudinal direction L of the solar 50, LL corresponding to the length of the units of housing and width BB to the width of the units of living place.

Figure 8 shows a very representation schematized of a building body 12. It presents a first housing unit 14 with a lower floor 16 (ground floor) and an upper floor 18 (upper floor). Directly attached to it in the longitudinal direction L and essentially with the same exterior dimensions is a second housing unit 20 which also has a lower floor 22 and a plant upper 24, the lower floor 22 of the second being arranged housing unit 20 at the same level as the upper floor 18 of the first housing unit 14. Under the second unit of housing 20 is arranged a garage unit 26 with garages for the two housing units 14, 20 adjoining. Dimensions exterior plan of housing units 14, 20 are indicated in Figure 8 with BB in the transverse direction and LL in the direction longitudinal. In the embodiment shown, said dimensions are equal in the two housing units.

Symmetrically with respect to the center of the body of building 12, on the top floor 18 of the first unit of housing 14 and on the lower floor 22 of the second unit of housing 20 is arranged in each case another unit of space habitable extension 40 facing forward in Figure 8, that is, to the right in Figure 8. On the unit of extension living space 40 of the second housing unit 20 another unit of habitable extension space is arranged 42, as represented by dashed lines and points, which is attached to the upper floor 24 of the second housing unit 20. The arrangement of housing bodies 10 is configured in such a way  so that the expansion living space units 40, 42 penetrate the separation zone A between two arrangements of housing bodies, which, together, a block of bodies of housing 11 joins in each case with an exterior wall directly adjacent to the next block of housing bodies. Seen in a very schematic way, the body block of housing 11 configures the shape of an H.

Under the bottom floor 16 of the first housing unit 14 could be arranged a basement 66 with the same external dimensions (represented by dashed lines in the Figure 8). In addition, under garage unit 26 you can arrange a pit 68 to increase the number of seats parking (also represented with dashed lines).

The roof above the attic of the upper floor 24 of the second housing unit 20 can be set up as a single water roof, as a flat roof or as gable roof or similar, according to the prescriptions corresponding, and is not represented in detail in the Figure 8

Finally, in Figure 8 it is also schematically depicted a service conduit 30 that is extends below the roof of the lower floor 22 of the second housing unit 20 in transverse direction B, namely: between the garage unit 26 and the lower floor 16 of the unit  housing 14.

In the section schematically represented in the Figure 3 through the ground floor level of a block of housing bodies 11 with two building bodies 12 can be see two parking spaces inside garage unit 26. In this figure are annotated dimensions B, L, A, BB, LL previously described. The arrow P, which points to the outer wall left of building body 12 left approximately in the upper third, schematically indicates that at that point public supply and evacuation lines are available for connection These lines correspond for example to electricity, telecommunications, gas and water. Lines rush of the public supply network are led to a unit transfer 28 and distributed individually internal in the arrangement of housing bodies 10 within a service duct 30 extending in transverse direction B. This individual distribution within the building bodies  12 independent is represented in Figure 3 by the two arrows V.

Seen in plan, the service duct 30 and 32 extends directly past the units of garage 26 and through the entire provision of housing 10 above a continuous corridor 58.

Between service duct 30 and the plant bottom 16 of the first housing unit 14, which is arranged in the lower half of Figure 3, access to the entrance 60 of the first housing unit 14 between two rooms storage rooms 36. An internal staircase 46 connects the lower floor 16 with the upper floor 18 of the first housing unit 14 and, if it has a basement, the lower floor 16 with the basement 18. Enter the two building bodies 12, which as already described are arranged with a separation A, in said separation zone are arranged other usable spaces 34.1, 34.2, which can be use for example as a bicycle room or room tools Finally, still in the separation zone between  garage units 26 is a staircase 44 accessible from the outside, which leads to the next floor (floor level high) and serves as access to entrance 70 of the second unit of housing 20.

Figure 4 shows a cross section to the height of the upper floor, in which it can be seen that at this height begins the second housing unit 20 with its plant bottom 22. The entrance 70 of the second housing unit 20 is accessible through staircase 44. Communication between the lower floor 22 of the second housing unit 20 with the upper floor (attic) 24 of it also takes place through an internal staircase 46.

Finally, Figure 5 shows another section at the height of the attic with the upper floor 24 of the second housing unit 20, there may be a unit of livable extension space 42 in the separation zone between two adjacent building bodies 12, as shown with dashed lines in Figure 5. The flat roof surface 38 of the first housing unit 14 configures practically a roof garden for the inhabitants of the second housing unit 20.

In Figures 6 and 7 it is represented schematically the connection to the supply lines 28 of the network public supply, such as for electricity, telecommunications, gas and water. Rush lines 48 reach a transfer unit 28 configured as a space accessible. They are then conducted through devices measurement and transfer stations 56 to a conduit services 30 that extends within the building body in cross direction B, the housing units being 14, 20 individually connected internally in turn with the network of supplies through measuring and transfer stations not represented in detail (arrow V). In Figure 6 also a conduit pipe 62 is additionally represented which passes under the lines of rush 48 and continues below of building body 12 for domestic and road drainage with the corresponding inspection well 64.

The service duct 30 extends through on top of a suspended ceiling 54 in a corridor 58 that crosses the entire provision of housing bodies 10 in the direction transverse B.

In this way only a single connection takes place to the public supply network, being represented in the Figures 1 and 2 a transfer unit 28 at the two ends of the provision of housing bodies 10. In each specific case, the connection to public supply networks takes place well in the transfer unit 28 left or right. Too a transfer can take place. The essential thing is that I don't know requires no connection unit of the neighborhood streets with the public supply network. The connection takes place through of a single transfer unit from the service street principal.

Finally, Figure 2 also shows schematically that below ground level 16 is it can provide another service duct 32 arranged so continue below corridor 58 and in which at first there are only empty tubes with traction wire.

A first alternative improvement is characterized in that under the living space of extension 40 another habitable extension space 43 is arranged, as schematically indicated in Figure 8 by dashed lines and points. In this way you can conveniently expand the space habitable.

Another configuration is characterized because below from garage 26 there is a complete basement 67 complete accessible through a staircase 72. The basement is represented schematically in Figures 6, 8 and 10 using lines of points. As can be seen in Figure 6, if there is a basement 67 under the garage unit 26, the pipeline 62 is It has to go deeper.

Claims (15)

1. Provision of housing bodies (10) for a plot (50) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and in transverse direction (B), with

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housing body blocks (11) that they are repeated in the form of a grid in the transverse direction (B) and which have building bodies (12) arranged so essentially parallel and mutually overlapping,

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presenting each block of bodies of housing (11) two building bodies (12) arranged with a separation (A) in the transverse direction (B),

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each building body (12) presenting a first independent housing unit (14) and a second independent housing unit (20), characterized in that

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the first and second housing units (14; 20) are arranged directly one after another displaced in direction longitudinal (L),

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the First housing unit (14) has a lower floor (floor ground 16) and an upper floor (upper floor 18) arranged on is,

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the Second housing unit (20) has a lower floor (floor high 22) and an upper floor (attic 24) arranged on is,

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the Upper floor (18) of the first housing unit (14) is is arranged at the same level as the lower floor (22) of the second housing unit (20),

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being arranged below the second housing unit (20) a garage unit (26),

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for the whole provision of housing bodies (10) there is only one transfer unit (28), within which the connection with supply and evacuation pipes coming from abroad, in particular for electricity, telecommunications devices, gas, water, through the corresponding units of measurement, and

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since the transfer unit (28) leaves at least one conduit of services (30; 32) with supply and evacuation pipelines that extends essentially in the transverse direction (B) and to which the individual housing units (14; 20) of building bodies (12) for supplies and evacuations with interconnection of measurement and distribution units.

2. Disposition of housing bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that

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he service duct (30; 32) extends in transverse direction (B) between the garage unit (26) and the lower floor (16) of the first housing unit (14).

3. Housing arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that

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he service duct (30) extends in transverse direction (B) at a lower level than the roof of the lower floor (22) of the second housing unit (20).

4. Housing arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that

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other Service conduit (32) extends to a lower level than the lower floor (16) of the first housing unit (14), in particular below the service duct (30) seen in plant.

5. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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he service conduit is configured in the form of a pipeline that crosses the arrangement of housing bodies (10) and extends essentially in a straight line.

6. Housing arrangement according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that

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he service duct (30) is arranged under a roof suspended (54).

7. Arrangement of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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the first housing unit (14) and the second housing unit (20) they are essentially configured as building bodies in parallelepiped shape.

8. Disposition of housing bodies according to claim 7, characterized in that

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the first housing unit (14) and the second housing unit (20)  they have essentially the same perimeter structure Exterior.

9. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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the separation (A) of the building bodies (12) from a block of Housing bodies (11) in transverse direction (B) is 5 to 7 m (meters).

10. Arrangement of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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the width (BB) of a building body (12) is 5 to 8 m (meters).

11. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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the length (LL) of a housing unit (14; 20) of the body of building (12) is 8 to 11 m (meters).

12. Arrangement of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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between two building bodies (12) separated in transverse direction (B), at the height of the lower floor (16) of the first unit of housing (14), at least one other unit of space is arranged usable (34), in particular if it is dispensed with basement.

13. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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between two building bodies (12) separated from each other from a block of housing bodies (11), at the height of the upper floor (18; 22) or at the height of the lower floor (16; 26) of the first unit of housing (14) or of the second housing unit (20), is arranged an additional additional living space unit (40) or a unit of lower additional living space (43) that extend the first and the second housing unit (14; 20).

14. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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in the service duct area (30), at the bottom, is find a corridor that crosses the arrangement of bodies of living place.

15. Disposition of housing bodies according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that

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to height of the upper floor (24) of the second housing unit (20) another unit of extension living space is arranged (42) in the transverse direction (B).