ES2182263T3 - Materiales nanocristalinos lixiviados, su fabricacion y sus usos en el sector energetico. - Google Patents

Materiales nanocristalinos lixiviados, su fabricacion y sus usos en el sector energetico.

Info

Publication number
ES2182263T3
ES2182263T3 ES98901279T ES98901279T ES2182263T3 ES 2182263 T3 ES2182263 T3 ES 2182263T3 ES 98901279 T ES98901279 T ES 98901279T ES 98901279 T ES98901279 T ES 98901279T ES 2182263 T3 ES2182263 T3 ES 2182263T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
materials
nanocristalin
lixiviated
manufacturing
nanocristaline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES98901279T
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Robert Schulz
Guy Lalande
Jacques Huot
Marie-Chantal Denis
Guoxian Liang
Neste Andre Van
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydro Quebec
Original Assignee
Hydro Quebec
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydro Quebec filed Critical Hydro Quebec
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2182263T3 publication Critical patent/ES2182263T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J25/00—Catalysts of the Raney type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/06—Washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0042—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof only containing magnesium and nickel; Treatment thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S420/00—Alloys or metallic compositions
    • Y10S420/90—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
    • Y10S502/523—Miscellaneous specific techniques of general applicability
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
    • Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
    • Y10S977/778—Nanostructure within specified host or matrix material, e.g. nanocomposite films
    • Y10S977/779—Possessing nanosized particles, powders, flakes, or clusters other than simple atomic impurity doping

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
ES98901279T 1997-01-24 1998-01-21 Materiales nanocristalinos lixiviados, su fabricacion y sus usos en el sector energetico. Expired - Lifetime ES2182263T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/788,301 US5872074A (en) 1997-01-24 1997-01-24 Leached nanocrystalline materials process for manufacture of the same, and use thereof in the energetic field

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2182263T3 true ES2182263T3 (es) 2003-03-01

Family

ID=25144069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES98901279T Expired - Lifetime ES2182263T3 (es) 1997-01-24 1998-01-21 Materiales nanocristalinos lixiviados, su fabricacion y sus usos en el sector energetico.

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5872074A (enExample)
EP (1) EP0963450B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP4490510B2 (enExample)
AT (1) ATE222609T1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2269902C (enExample)
DE (1) DE69807320T2 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2182263T3 (enExample)
WO (1) WO1998032885A1 (enExample)

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FR2768638B1 (fr) * 1997-09-23 1999-12-17 Centre Nat Rech Scient Particules polymetalliques ultrafines, leur preparation et leur utilisation pour l'hydrogenation d'olefines ou pour le couplage de derives halogenes aromatiques
US6239065B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2001-05-29 Hydro-Quebec Process for the preparation of a supported catalyst
DE19948548B4 (de) * 1999-04-19 2006-04-13 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Pastöse Massen mit nanokristallinen Materialien für elektrochemische Bauelemente und daraus hergestellte Schichten und elektrochemische Bauelemente
US6613213B1 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-09-02 Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc Method for producing electrodes using microscale or nanoscale materials obtained from hydrogendriven metallurgical reactions
US6680042B1 (en) 2000-11-07 2004-01-20 Hydro-Quebec Method of rapidly carrying out a hydrogenation of a hydrogen storage material
US6620550B2 (en) * 2001-01-23 2003-09-16 The Gillette Company Battery cathode and method of manufacture therefor
US7211350B2 (en) * 2001-01-29 2007-05-01 Rutgers University Foundation Nanostructure lithium titanate electrode for high cycle rate rechargeable electrochemical cell
JP4098508B2 (ja) * 2001-08-20 2008-06-11 財団法人 ひろしま産業振興機構 炭化水素と水蒸気とを反応させるための触媒の製造方法および当該触媒を使用した炭化水素から水素を製造する方法
US6840961B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-01-11 Etex Corporation Machinable preformed calcium phosphate bone substitute material implants
KR100512451B1 (ko) * 2002-02-28 2005-09-05 (주)에프이에이 코퍼레이션 자성체 나노입자에 지지된 재사용가능한 유기금속촉매 및 그 제조방법
AU2003298520A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-03-29 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Vapor deposited catalysts and their use in fuel cells
DE10231577B4 (de) * 2002-07-11 2008-02-21 Rösler, Hans-Joachim, Prof. Dr.rer.nat. Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Poren oder Kanälen in einem metallischen Werkstoffkörper und nach dem Verfahren hergestellter Metallkörper
US7455927B2 (en) * 2002-07-29 2008-11-25 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Intermetallic compounds for use as catalysts and catalytic systems
US7419741B2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2008-09-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Fuel cell cathode catalyst
US20060024535A1 (en) * 2004-02-04 2006-02-02 Figueroa Juan C CO tolerant catalyst
CN101120467A (zh) * 2005-02-16 2008-02-06 3M创新有限公司 燃料电池催化剂
EP1922286A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2008-05-21 The University Of British Columbia Microporous metals and methods for hydrogen generation from water split reaction
US20100261090A1 (en) * 2005-08-11 2010-10-14 Alexandrovichserov Alexey Cathode catalyst for fuel cell, and membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell and fuel cell system comprising same
KR100709189B1 (ko) 2005-08-11 2007-04-18 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 연료 전지의 캐소드용 촉매, 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지용막-전극 어셈블리 및 연료 전지 시스템
US20070082814A1 (en) * 2005-10-12 2007-04-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Ternary nanocatalyst and method of making
US7740902B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2010-06-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers
US7906251B2 (en) * 2006-04-20 2011-03-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Oxygen-reducing catalyst layer
KR100786869B1 (ko) * 2006-06-29 2007-12-20 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 연료 전지용 캐소드 촉매, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지용막-전극 어셈블리 및 연료 전지 시스템
US20090215615A1 (en) * 2006-07-11 2009-08-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of forming supported nanoparticle catalysts
JP4374036B2 (ja) * 2007-03-27 2009-12-02 株式会社東芝 高分子固体電解質型燃料電池用触媒、膜電極複合体および燃料電池
CN101657921B (zh) 2007-04-12 2013-06-12 3M创新有限公司 高性能、高耐用非贵重金属燃料电池催化剂
JP5017007B2 (ja) * 2007-07-25 2012-09-05 株式会社東芝 触媒、触媒の製造方法、膜電極複合体及び燃料電池
BRPI0818104B1 (pt) * 2007-11-16 2018-11-21 Akzo Nobel Nv processo de produção de clorato de metal álcali
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JP5114777B2 (ja) * 2008-02-22 2013-01-09 国立大学法人広島大学 水素貯蔵材料の製造方法
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US8309233B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2012-11-13 Integran Technologies, Inc. Electrodeposited metallic-materials comprising cobalt on ferrous-alloy substrates
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CN102498059A (zh) * 2009-08-12 2012-06-13 法商Bic公司 使用包含镁和硅的组合物产生氢
US8486319B2 (en) 2010-05-24 2013-07-16 Integran Technologies Inc. Articles with super-hydrophobic and/or self-cleaning surfaces and method of making same
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JP2011092940A (ja) * 2010-12-27 2011-05-12 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 燃料電池用カソード電極触媒及びこれを用いた燃料電池
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JP5531125B1 (ja) * 2013-02-04 2014-06-25 田中貴金属工業株式会社 固体高分子形燃料電池用の触媒及びその製造方法
KR102355824B1 (ko) * 2018-12-27 2022-01-26 코웨이 주식회사 팔라듐, 이리듐 및 탄탈럼으로 구성된 전극용 촉매층 및 상기 전극용 촉매가 코팅된 살균수 생성 모듈
CN111940750B (zh) * 2019-05-15 2022-02-22 刘丽 一种合金粉体材料的制备方法

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US5433797A (en) * 1992-11-30 1995-07-18 Queen's University Nanocrystalline metals
JPH0724318A (ja) * 1993-07-16 1995-01-27 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 銀を含む触媒用合金微粒子及びその製造方法
JPH11503489A (ja) * 1995-02-02 1999-03-26 ハイドロ−ケベック ナノ結晶Ｍｇ基−材料及びその水素輸送と水素貯蔵への利用
TW340806B (en) * 1995-03-28 1998-09-21 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Modified Raney catalyst and process for preparation thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2269902A1 (fr) 1998-07-30
DE69807320T2 (de) 2003-04-17
US5872074A (en) 1999-02-16
JP4490510B2 (ja) 2010-06-30
ATE222609T1 (de) 2002-09-15
JP2001511217A (ja) 2001-08-07
DE69807320D1 (de) 2002-09-26
WO1998032885A1 (fr) 1998-07-30
CA2269902C (fr) 2007-03-27
EP0963450B1 (fr) 2002-08-21
EP0963450A1 (fr) 1999-12-15

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