Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
  • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
  • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
  • F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C63/24—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using threads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
  • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
  • B29C53/581—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using sheets or strips consisting principally of plastics material
  • B29C53/582—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using sheets or strips consisting principally of plastics material comprising reinforcements, e.g. wires, threads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
  • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
  • B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
  • B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
  • B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
  • B29C63/04—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
  • B29C63/08—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically
  • B29C63/10—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
  • B29C63/105—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles continuously
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/003—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
  • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
  • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
  • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
  • B29C70/347—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation combined with compressing after the winding of lay-ups having a non-circular cross-section, e.g. flat spiral windings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
  • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
  • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
  • B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
  • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
  • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
  • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
  • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
  • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
  • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C70/527—Pulling means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
  • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
  • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
  • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
  • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
  • B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29C70/528—Heating or cooling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
  • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
  • B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
  • B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
  • B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03006—Gas tanks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
  • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
  • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
  • B29K2077/10—Aromatic polyamides [polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
  • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
  • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
  • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
  • B29K2105/0872—Prepregs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
  • B29K2307/04—Carbon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
  • B29K2309/08—Glass
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
  • B29K2705/02—Aluminium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
  • B29L2031/7154—Barrels, drums, tuns, vats
  • B29L2031/7156—Pressure vessels
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
  • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
  • B29L2031/7172—Fuel tanks, jerry cans
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
  • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
  • B60K2015/03309—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels
  • B60K2015/03315—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels for hydrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
  • F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
  • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
  • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
  • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0604—Liners
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0609—Straps, bands or ribbons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
  • F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
  • F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0614—Single wall
  • F17C2203/0624—Single wall with four or more layers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
  • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
  • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/066—Plastics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
  • F17C2203/0668—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments axially wound
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
  • F17C2203/067—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments helically wound
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
  • F17C2203/0673—Polymers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0675—Synthetics with details of composition
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
  • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
  • F17C2205/0388—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters
  • F17C2205/0394—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel
  • F17C2205/0397—Arrangement of valves, regulators, filters in direct contact with the pressure vessel on both sides of the pressure vessel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
  • F17C2209/2109—Moulding
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
  • F17C2209/2154—Winding
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
  • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
  • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
  • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/031—Air
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
  • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
  • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
  • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
  • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
  • F17C2260/048—Refurbishing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
  • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
  • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
  • F17C2270/0178—Cars
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
  • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

• Reservoir comprising a pultruded cylindrical element
• the present invention relates to a reservoir intended to contain a pressurized fluid.
• the invention also relates to its method of manufacture, as well as to its use for the storage, transport and/or distribution of fluid, and in particular of hydrogen.
• hydrogen is one of the fluids particularly studied.
• fuel cell vehicles are the subject of much research.
• one of the difficulties for the mass production of such vehicles is the design of the tanks. Indeed, the hydrogen tanks carried by these vehicles are subjected to pressures of use which can go up to 700 bars and must meet important safety requirements in order to limit as much as possible the consequences of a shock, accidental impact or fire.
• the tank when the tank is damaged during an accident in which the vehicle is involved or when a projectile fired by a firearm passes through the tank, it is desirable for the tank to release its pressure gradually, without exploding or breaking up. tear significantly. The same applies in the event of an increase in the temperature of the gas contained in the tank due to a fire in the vehicle.
• a significant advantage would be that they be easily inserted into an automobile body, in particular into the battery pack, to replace all or part of the batteries.
• Another objective is to allow such tanks to be obtained industrially at a reasonable cost, for example acceptable for an automobile application.
• a reservoir made of composite material comprising a tubular element, two end pieces respectively inserted into the ends of the tubular element, and a circumferential layer, which envelops the tubular element and the end pieces.
• the circumferential layer is formed of wound fibers impregnated with resin.
• the tubular element comprises a plastic tube surrounded by a longitudinal layer consisting essentially of fibers arranged parallel in a resin matrix, the parallel fibers being oriented in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the plastic tube.
• so-called conformable or else polymorphic gas storage tanks are generally composed of an assembly of tubes that are closed and connected to each other. These polymorphic tanks are manufactured by assembling small diameter composite tubes, typically with an inside diameter of less than 150 mm.
• thermosetting resin in particular of the epoxy type.
• these composites are generally microcracked, making it essential to use a thick and heavy liner to seal the tank.
• the microcracking of thermosetting composites, epoxy in particular, affects their mechanical strength and forces the carbon fiber content and therefore the cost of the tank to be increased.
• thermosetting resin in particular epoxy
• the invention relates to a reservoir for containing a pressurized fluid, comprising:
• At least one cylindrical element made of a pultruded fibrous material impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix
• the - at least one additional fibrous reinforcement enveloping partially or totally, preferably totally, the cylindrical element or elements, and possibly the end pieces, the fibers contained in the additional fibrous reinforcement, being positioned in an axis different from the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical element, the total fiber content of the reservoir being between 40 and 70% by volume with respect to the volumes of the matrix and the fibers contained in the tank.
• the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the reservoir as defined above, characterized in that it comprises the following successive steps: a) pultrusion of the cylindrical element, b) positioning of the end pieces at the ends of the cylindrical element obtained at the end of step a), c) depositing additional fibrous reinforcement.
• the invention relates to the use of the tank as defined above for the storage, transport and/or distribution of fluid, such as gases, in compressed form, in liquid form or even cryocompressed, and including hydrogen, natural gas, LPG, LNG, compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen.
• fluid such as gases, in compressed form, in liquid form or even cryocompressed, and including hydrogen, natural gas, LPG, LNG, compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the process for preparing a cylindrical element made of a pultruded fibrous material impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix with an additional fibrous reinforcement for the tank according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating another process for preparing a cylindrical element made of a pultruded fibrous material impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix with an additional fibrous reinforcement for the reservoir according to the invention.
• the reservoir according to the invention comprises:
• At least one cylindrical element made of a pultruded fibrous material impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix
• the additional fibrous reinforcement enveloping partially or totally, preferably totally, the cylindrical element or elements, and possibly the end pieces, the fibers contained in the additional fibrous reinforcement being positioned along an axis different from the longitudinal axis of the element cylindrical, the total fiber content of the reservoir being between 40 and 70% by volume relative to the volumes of the matrix and the fibers contained in the reservoir.
• the cylindrical element is manufactured using a pultrusion process. It is thus made up of fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix. Pultrusion is a generally continuous process, which imposes traction of the fibers through a die in the axis of the cylindrical element, the fibers not necessarily being oriented in the axis of traction. Pultrusion covers the impregnation of dry fibers, for example dry fiber braids, dry fiber fabrics or uni-directional rovings. It also covers the implementation in the form of composite fiber profiles, pre-impregnated fibers, braids pre-impregnated with resin. According to the latter case, the fibers can be pre-impregnated before the pultrusion step.
• the tubes of the prior art consist of a tube called a “liner” then covered with fibers.
• the tank according to the invention comprises a cylindrical element, which already comprises fibers.
• This aspect of the tank according to the invention is very interesting. Indeed, the manufacture of cylindrical elements by pultrusion is productive, even for thick elements, because the entire volume of the cylindrical element is done continuously and in a single step.
• the incorporation of the fibers in the cylindrical element makes it possible to dispense with the removal in the axis of the tube of an impregnated fibrous reinforcement. Indeed, this removal step is relatively slow, and not always easy to master.
• the reservoir according to the invention may contain a liner. But, this liner is not essential. Fibers
• fibers forming said fibrous material are in particular fibers of mineral, organic or vegetable origin in the form of rovings.
• the number of fibers per strand is for carbon fibers greater than or equal to 12K, greater than 24K, in particular greater than or equal to 50K, in particular comprised from 24 to 36K.
• the grammage for the fiberglass is for each wick greater than or equal to 1200 Tex, in particular less than or equal to 4800 Tex, in particular comprised from 1200 to 2400 Tex.
• fibers of mineral origin mention may be made of carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt or basalt-based fibers, silica fibers, or silicon carbide fibers for example.
• fibers of organic origin mention may be made of fibers based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer, such as semi-aromatic polyamide fibers, aramid fibers or polyolefin fibers for example.
• they are based on an amorphous thermoplastic polymer and have a glass transition temperature Tg higher than the Tg of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer constituting the impregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or higher than the Tm of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer constituting the impregnation matrix when the latter is semi-crystalline.
• they are based on semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and have a melting point Tf higher than the Tg of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer constituting the impregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or higher than the Tm of the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymer of constitution of the impregnation matrix, when the latter is semi-crystalline.
• thermoplastic there is no risk of melting for the organic fibers of constitution of the fibrous material during the impregnation by the thermoplastic matrix of the final composite.
• fibers of plant origin mention may be made of natural fibers based on flax, hemp, lignin, bamboo, silk, in particular spider silk, sisal, and other cellulosic fibers, in particular viscose. These fibers of plant origin can be used pure, treated or even coated with a coating layer, in order to facilitate adhesion and impregnation of the polymer matrix. thermoplastic.
• organic fibers can be mixed with mineral fibers to be impregnated with thermoplastic polymer and form the impregnated fibrous material.
• the rovings of organic fibers can have several basis weights. They may also have several geometries.
• the fibers are in the form of continuous fibers, which make up 2D fabrics, nonwovens (NCF), braids or rovings of unidirectional fibers (UD) or nonwovens.
• the fibers making up the fibrous material may also be in the form of a mixture of these reinforcing fibers of different geometries.
• the fibers included in the pultruded fibrous material of the cylindrical element are a braid of dry fibers.
• the fibrous material is chosen from glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers and basalt-based fibers.
• the fibrous material is chosen from glass fibers.
• the fibrous material is chosen from carbon fibers.
• the fibrous material is chosen from fibers based on basalt.
• the fibers are used in the form of a roving or several rovings.
• thermoplastic matrix The thermoplastic matrix
• thermoplastic or thermoplastic polymer
• Tg glass transition temperature
• Tf melting temperature
• the thermoplastic polymer may be an amorphous polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg greater than or equal to 50° C., in particular greater than or equal to 100° C., in particular greater than or equal to 120° C., in particular greater than or equal to 140°C, or a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer whose melting point Tm is greater than 150°C.
• thermoplastic this means that the main component of the matrix is a thermoplastic polymer or else a mixture of thermoplastic polymers.
• said at least one thermoplastic polymer is selected from: poly(aryl etherketones) (PAEK), in particular poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK); poly(aryl etherketoneketone) (PAEKK), in particular poly(etherketoneketone) (PEKK); aromatic polyetherimides (PEI); polyarylsulphones, in particular polyphenylene sulphones (PPSU); polyarylsulphides, in particular polyphenylene sulphides (PPS); polyamides (PA), in particular semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides) optionally modified with urea units; PEBAs whose Tm is greater than 150° C., polyacrylates, in particular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); polyolefins, excluding polypropylene, polylactic acid (PLA), polyvinyl alcohol (P
• said at least thermoplastic polymer is selected from polyamides, aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides), PEKK, PEI and a mixture of PEKK and PEI.
• polyphthalamides polyphthalamides
• PEKK poly(ethylene glycol)
• PEI poly(ethylene glycol)
• the nomenclature used to define polyamides is described in standard NF EN ISO 1874-1:2011 "Plastics - Polyamide materials (RD) for molding and extrusion - Part 1: Designation", in particular on page 3 (tables 1 and 2) and is well known to those skilled in the art.
• the polyamide may be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide or a mixture of these.
• poly(ArylEtherketone) RDEKs are advantageously used according to the invention, such as PEK poly(etherketones), PEEK poly(etheretherketone), PEKK poly(etherketone ketone), Poly(etherketoneetherketoneketone) PEKEKK or PAs with a high glass transition temperature Tg.
• said polyamide is chosen from aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides).
• the aliphatic polyamide is chosen from polyamide 6 (PA6), polyamide 11 (PAU), polyamide 12 (PA12), polyamide 66 (PA66), polyamide 46 (PA46), polyamide 610 ( PA610), polyamide 612 PA612), polyamide 1010 (PA1010), polyamide 1012 (PA1012), polyamide 11/1010 (PA11/1010) and polyamide 12/1010
• PA12/1010 PA12/1010
• PBA polyamide/polyether
• the semi-aromatic polyamide is a semi-aromatic polyamide, optionally modified with urea units, in particular an PA MXD6 and an PA MXD10 or a semi-aromatic polyamide of formula X/YAr, as described in EP1505099, in particular a semi-aromatic polyamide of formula A/XT in which
• -A is chosen from a unit obtained from an amino acid, a unit obtained from a lactam and a unit corresponding to the formula (diamine in Ca).(diacid in Cb), with a representing the number of carbon atoms of the diamine and b representing the number of carbon atoms of the diacid, a and b each being between 4 and 36, advantageously between 9 and 18, the unit (diamine in Ca) being chosen from aliphatic diamines, linear or branched, cycloaliphatic diamines and alkylaromatic diamines and the (Cb diacid) unit being chosen from aliphatic, linear or branched diacids, cycloaliphatic diacids and aromatic diacids;
• -XT denotes a unit obtained from the polycondensation of a Cx diamine and terephthalic acid (T), with x representing the number of carbon atoms of the Cx diamine, x being between 6 and 36, advantageously between 9 and 18.
• a semi-aromatic polyamide is of formula A/6T, A/9T, A/10T or A /11T, A being as defined above, in particular a polyamide PA 6/6T, a PA 66/6T, a PA 6I/6T, a PA MPMDT/6T, a PA PA11/10T, a PA 11/6T /10T, a PA MXDT/10T, a PA MPMDT/10T, a PA BACT/10T, a PA BACT/6T, a PA BACT/10T/6T or a PA 11/BACT/10T; T stands for terephthalic acid, MXD stands for m-xylylene diamine, MPMD stands for methylpentamethylene diamine and BAC stands for bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane.
• thermoplastic polymer is a semi-crystalline polymer.
• said semi-crystalline polymer has a glass transition temperature such that Tg 3 80°C, in particular Tg 3 100°C, in particular 3 120°C, in particular 3 140°C and a Tf 3 150°C .
• said at least semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer is selected from: poly(aryl etherketones) (PAEK), in particular poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK); poly(aryl etherketoneketone) (PAEKK), in particular poly(etherketoneketone) (PEKK); aromatic polyetherimides (PEI); polyarylsulphones, in particular polyphenylene sulphones (PPSU); polyarylsulphides, in particular polyphenylene sulphides (PPS); polyamides (PA), in particular semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides) optionally modified with urea units; polyacrylates, in particular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA); polyolefins, excluding polypropylene, polylactic acid (PLA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer and mixtures thereof, in particular a mixture of PEKK
• said at least thermoplastic polymer is selected from polyamides, aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides), PEKK, PEI and a mixture of PEKK and IEP.
• the impregnated pultruded fibrous material [0055]
• the impregnating polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymers is distributed uniformly and homogeneously around the fibers.
• the impregnating thermoplastic polymer must be distributed as homogeneously as possible within the fibers in order to obtain a minimum of porosities, that is to say a minimum of voids between the fibers.
• porosities can act as stress concentration points, when placed under mechanical tensile stress for example, and which then form break initiation points of the impregnated fibrous material. and weaken it mechanically.
• a homogeneous distribution of the polymer or mixture of polymers therefore improves the mechanical strength and the homogeneity of the composite material formed from these impregnated fibrous materials.
• the content of fibers in said impregnated pultruded fibrous material is between 45 and 70% by volume, preferably 50 and 70% by volume, preferably between 50 and 60% by volume, in particular from 54 to 60% by volume relative to the volume of the impregnated pultruded fibrous material.
• the measurement of the fiber content in general can be carried out by image analysis (use of a microscope or camera or digital camera, in particular), of a cross section of the cylindrical element, by dividing the surface of the fibers by the surface of the cylindrical element (impregnated surface plus surface of the pores).
• image analysis use of a microscope or camera or digital camera, in particular
• the image size to be analyzed is between 10-12 times the fiber diameter. Between 5 and 40 images at different locations (sections) are taken. The average is taken over all the images and recalculated in volume.
• the measurement of the rate of carbon fibers can be determined according to ISO 14127:2008.
• the measurement of the fiber content is determined according to ISO 1172:1999.
• the porosity rate of said impregnated fibrous material is less than 10%, in particular less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
• the porosity rate is greater than 0% but less than the rates mentioned above.
• the porosity rate corresponds to the closed porosity rate and can be determined either by electron microscopy, or as being the relative difference between the theoretical density and the experimental density of said impregnated fibrous material as described in the examples part of EP3418323 . .
• the composite material is impermeable, inert and resistant to the internal pressure of the pressurized fluid.
• the tank according to the invention comprises fibrous materials comprising, as fibers, fibers chosen from among glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers and basalt-based fibers and, as thermoplastic matrix, the polymers chosen from polyamides, aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides, semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides), PEKK, PEI and a mixture of PEKK and PEI.
• fibrous materials comprising, as fibers, fibers chosen from among glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers and basalt-based fibers and, as thermoplastic matrix, the polymers chosen from polyamides, aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides, semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides), PEKK, PEI and a mixture of PEKK and PEI.
• the impregnated fibrous material is thus manufactured by pultrusion in the form of a cylinder.
• the internal diameter of the cylindrical element can be between 50 and 150 mm. This diameter size is intended in particular for tanks for battery packs, for example for cars or trailer chassis.
• the internal diameter of the cylindrical element may be greater than 150 mm. This diameter size is intended in particular for hydrogen transport trailer tanks
• the length of the cylindrical element can be between 25 cm to 10 m, preferably between 50 cm to 3 m. A person skilled in the art will know how to adapt the dimensions of the cylindrical element according to the destination of the reservoir. [0070]According to another embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the wall of the tank to its inside diameter can be between 0.05 and 0.20, preferably between 0.08 and 0.12.
• the reservoir according to the invention has two end pieces at its ends. These end pieces are generally metallic, preferably made of an aluminum alloy.
• the first end piece is placed at one end of at least one cylindrical element closing it. It thus constitutes the bottom of the tank.
• the second end piece is placed at the other end of at least one cylindrical element, provided with an orifice intended to allow the inlet and the outlet of the fluid. It may be a valve.
• the first endpiece placed at one end of at least one cylindrical element closing it may also be provided with an orifice intended to allow the entry and exit of the fluid .
• the end pieces can have a hemispherical dome shape or else a cone shape.
• Elastomeric seals can be placed between the end pieces and the cylindrical element in order to seal the reservoir.
• the tank according to the invention also comprises at least one additional fibrous reinforcement, enveloping partially or totally, in particular totally, the cylindrical element(s) and optionally the end pieces.
• fibrous reinforcement is meant in the sense of the present invention a material comprising fibers, which gives the final part a higher mechanical strength.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is chosen from continuous dry fibers, a fibrous material based on continuous fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, and their mixture.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is dry fibres, these can be chosen from those defined above.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is a fibrous material based on continuous fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix, it may be identical to or different from the fibrous material constituting the cylindrical element.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is a material fiber based on continuous fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic matrix
• the total fiber content of the reservoir which is between 40 and 70% by volume relative to the volumes of the matrix and the fibers contained in the reservoir, takes into account the matrix thermoplastic impregnated pultruded fibrous material and the matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement.
• the total fiber content of the reservoir is between 40 and 70% by volume relative to the volumes of the matrices and the fibers contained in the reservoir.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is chosen from a braid of dry fibers, a braid of fibrous ribbons impregnated with thermoplastic resin, and a mixture thereof.
• the fibers included in the fibrous material can be a braid of dry fibers and the additional fibrous reinforcement can also be a braid of dry fibers.
• the fibers included in the fibrous material can be rovings of continuous fibers and the additional fibrous reinforcement can also be a braid of dry fibers.
• the fibers included in the fibrous material can be a braid of fibers and the additional fibrous reinforcement can also be rovings of dry continuous fibers.
• the fibers included in the fibrous material can be a braid of fibers and the additional fibrous reinforcement can also be rovings of impregnated continuous fibers.
• the fibers included in the fibrous material can be rovings of continuous fibers and the additional fibrous reinforcement can also be rovings of impregnated continuous fibers.
• thermoplastic matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement may be identical to or different from that of the cylindrical element.
• thermoplastic matrix of the cylindrical element is completely or partially miscible with the thermoplastic matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement. This total or partial miscibility makes it possible to increase the adhesion between the wall of the element cylindrical and the layer of additional fibrous reinforcement.
• the reservoir may comprise a cylindrical element, the thermoplastic matrix of which is made of PVC and a fibrous reinforcement, the polymer matrix of which is made of acrylic.
• the reservoir may comprise a cylindrical element, the thermoplastic matrix of which is made of ABS and a fibrous reinforcement, the polymer matrix of which is made of acrylic.
• the reservoir may comprise a cylindrical element whose thermoplastic matrix is made of polyamide and a fibrous reinforcement, whose polymer matrix is made of polyphthalamide.
• thermoplastic matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement has a melting temperature above 150°C.
• thermoplastic matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement has a glass transition temperature above 80°C, preferably above 100°C, and more particularly above 120°C.
• thermoplastic matrix of the additional fibrous reinforcement has a melting temperature greater than 150° C., and a glass transition temperature greater than 80° C., preferably greater than 100° C., and more particularly greater than 120°C.
• the thickness of the fibrous reinforcement layer may be between 0.5 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm
• the total fiber content is between 40 and 70% by volume per relative to the sum of the volume of the matrix and the fibers, preferably between 50 and 70% by volume.
• the total fiber content is meant within the meaning of the present invention the sum of the fiber content contained in the reservoir, that is to say in the cylindrical element and in the additional fibrous reinforcement .
• the additional fibrous reinforcement comprises fibers positioned along an axis different from the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical element, preferably at an angle of between +/-10° and +/-89° relative to the axis longitudinal of the cylindrical element. Preferably, an angle between +/-25° and +/-89° from the axis of the cylindrical element, more preferably between +/-45° and +/-89°.
• the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical element constitutes the 0° axis
• the direction of the fibers of the additional reinforcement constitutes a second axis. The angle between these two axes is as defined above.
• the +/- signs indicate whether the fibers of the additional fibrous reinforcement are positioned on the right or on the left depending on the axis of the cylindrical element.
• a portion of the fibers included in the material of the cylindrical element is positioned in the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical element. More particularly, all of the fibers comprised in the material of the cylindrical element are positioned along the axis of the cylindrical element.
• the reservoir may comprise a second cylindrical element composed of one or more layers of thermoplastic resin, not comprising fibers, also called a liner.
• This second cylindrical element can make it possible to increase the tightness of the tank. It can also make it possible to increase the pressure resistance of the tank, or even to reinforce the chemical resistance of the final part.
• the tank according to the invention can comprise a liner, then above it a cylindrical element as defined above, then an additional fibrous reinforcement as defined above.
• the length and the diameter of the tank can be larger or smaller. These dimensions vary according to the fluid to be stored and the structure which will house the reservoir.
• the tank according to the invention comprises
• the end pieces are fixed to the ends of the cylindrical element(s) by crimping. According to this embodiment, the end pieces are not hemispherical in shape. [0107] “Crimping” means in the sense of the present invention that the additional fibrous reinforcement is crushed or flattened on the end pieces.
• the additional fibrous reinforcement is a layer partially or totally enveloping the cylindrical element, preferably totally, which has been plated beforehand on the end pieces, the layer being made of a fibrous material impregnated with thermoplastic resin.
• the tank according to the invention comprises
• the fibers of which are positioned in the axis of the cylindrical element and -an additional fibrous reinforcement, the fibers of which are positioned between +/-45° and +/-89° with respect to the axis of the cylindrical element.
• the tank according to the invention comprises
• the tank according to the invention may comprise several cylindrical elements connected to each other and having an internal diameter of less than 250 mm, preferably less than 150 mm.
• the reservoir comprises
• connection end piece allowing both the inlet and the outlet of the fluid and the connection with the adjacent cylindrical element
• cylindrical element - connection end piece can be repeated several times depending on the needs; then
• the invention also relates to the process for manufacturing the tank according to the invention.
• the method comprises the following successive steps: a) pultrusion of the cylindrical element, b) placing the end pieces at the ends of the cylindrical element obtained at the end of step a), c) depositing additional fibrous reinforcement .
• the step of depositing the additional fibrous reinforcement can be done by winding the additional fibrous reinforcement ribbon around the cylindrical element and its end pieces. This removal can be done under a certain mechanical stress so as to exert pressure on the end pieces and the cylindrical element.
• the end pieces have an outside diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the cylindrical element.
• the end pieces can thus be inserted into the cylindrical element.
• the fibrous reinforcement winds the cylindrical element only. Indeed, the latter already wraps the tips.
• the invention finally relates to the use of the tank according to the invention for the storage, transport and/or distribution of fluids, such as gases, in compressed form, in liquid form or even cryocompressed, and in particular of hydrogen, natural gas, LPG, LNG, compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen.
• fluids such as gases, in compressed form, in liquid form or even cryocompressed, and in particular of hydrogen, natural gas, LPG, LNG, compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a pultrusion process.
• Element 1 is an extruded tube (as a cylindrical element), which will allow to give shape to the final pultruded element.
• the dry fibers 3 emerge from the coils supported by the creel 2 and pass into the impregnation zone 4.
• This zone 4 comprises a bath of liquid resin or else a resin injection head.
• the pultrusion die 5 guides the pultruded impregnated fibers leading to the layer pultruded fiber 6.
• the pultruded impregnated fibers undergo heating generated by a heating element 7.
• a coil 8 supports the additional fibrous reinforcement, which is wound around the pultruded tube, at an angle 9. The entire pultruded tube is pulled by shooters
• the pultruded tube is then cut by a cutting device
• FIG. 2 illustrates another pultrusion process.
• the element 21 is an extruded tube, which will make it possible to give shape to the final pultruded element.
• the resin-impregnated fibers 23 leave the coils supported by the creel 22 and pass through the pultrusion die 24. This guides the impregnated fibers and conforms them, leading to the pultruded layer 25.
• the pultruded impregnated fibers undergo heating generated by a heating element 26.
• a coil 27 supports the additional fibrous reinforcement, which wraps around the pultruded tube, at an angle 28.
• the entire pultruded tube is pulled by pullers 29.
• the pultruded tube is then cut by a cutting device 30.
• a composite tube, of circular section, having an outside diameter of 170 mm and a thickness of 2 mm is manufactured by pultrusion, at a speed of 0.5 m/min, by means of a process of impregnation in the molten way, using a tubular die connected to a single-screw extruder.
• the resin used for the pultrusion is a grade of low viscosity polyamide 11 (reference Rilsan® FMNO) allowing good impregnation of the fibers to be obtained.
• This polyamide 11 resin had a Tm of 190°C (measured according to the ISO 11357-3:2013 standard) and the temperature in the pultrusion die was 250°C.
• the fibers used were 50K carbon fibers, marketed by the company SGL, reference SIGRAFIL C-T 504.8/280 T140.
• the fiber content was 45% vol (fiber content relative to the volume of the pultruded tube).
• the orientation of the fibers in the pultrusion die was exclusively along the axis of the tube.
• the tube was cut to a length of 1.5 m.
• Two tips, 20mm long, were placed at each of the 2 ends of the tube.
• a Rubson® brand gasket was placed at the interface between the end pieces and the tubes. These tips were made of a aluminum cylinder with a diameter of 80mm, pierced with a threaded hole M25, allowing the connection with the standard fittings used in hydrogen.
• a composite tube, of circular section, having an outside diameter of 170 mm and a thickness of 2 mm is manufactured by pultrusion, at a speed of 0.5 m/min, by means of a process of impregnation in the molten route, using a tubular die connected to a single-screw extruder.
• the resin used for the pultrusion is a low viscosity grade of polyamide II (reference Rilsan® FMNO) allowing good impregnation of the fibers to be obtained.
• This polyamide resin had a Tm of 190°C (measured according to the ISO 11357-3:2013 standard) and the temperature in the pultrusion die was 250°C.
• the fibers used were 50K carbon fibers, marketed by the company SGL, reference SIGRAFIL C-T 504.8/280 T140.
• the fiber content was 45% vol (fiber content relative to the volume of the pultruded tube).
• the orientation of the fibers in the pultrusion die was exclusively along the axis of the tube.
• the tube was cut to a length of 1.5 m. Two tips, 20mm long, were placed at each of the 2 ends of the tube. A rubson® brand gasket has been placed at the interface between the nozzles and the tubes. These fittings consisted of an aluminum cylinder with a diameter of 80mm, pierced with an M25 threaded hole, allowing connection with the standard fittings used in hydrogen.
• the composite tape was made of Hyosung H2525 G10 carbon fiber, impregnated with a polyamide 11 resin (reference Rilsan® FMNO) with a glass transition temperature of 50°C (measured by DSC according to ISO 11357- 2:2013).
• the fiber content was 55% by volume (based on the volume of the composite tape).
• the composite tape was implemented using an automatic process of removal with Coriolis® Solo brand laser heating, at a temperature of 270°C and a speed of 0.3m/s.
• the tube was closed with an M25 threaded plug at one of these ends and then pressurized at room temperature until it burst.
• the burst pressure measured was 1670 bars.
• a composite tube, of circular section, having an outer diameter of 170 mm and a thickness of 2 mm is manufactured by pultrusion, at a speed of 0.5 m/min, by means of a process of impregnation in the melt, using a tubular die connected to a single-screw extruder.
• the resin used for the pultrusion is a grade of low viscosity polyamide 11 (reference Rilsan® FMNO) allowing good impregnation of the fibers to be obtained.
• This polyamide 11 resin had a Tm of 190°C (measured according to the ISO 11357-3:2013 standard) and the temperature in the pultrusion die was 250°C.
• the fibers used were 50K carbon fibers, marketed by the company SGL, reference SIGRAFIL® C-T 50 4.8/280 T140.
• the fiber content was 45% vol (fiber content relative to the volume of the pultruded tube).
• the orientation of the fibers in the pultrusion die was exclusively along the axis of the tube.
• the pultruded tube was cut into sections 1.5 m long. Each section was cut at its ends, along the axis of the tube, into strips 40mm long and these ends were reheated to 150°C and shaped to cover two end pieces, 20mm long, placed at each of the 2 ends of the tube.
• These end fittings consisted of an aluminum cylinder with a diameter of 80mm, pierced with an M25 threaded hole, allowing connection with standard fittings used in hydrogen.
• An additional fibrous reinforcement consisting of a composite tape with a width of 1 ⁇ 2'', was wound around the tube, perpendicular to its axis (taking into account the width of the tape and the diameter of the pultruded tube the angle of the fibers was approximately 85°) and over a thickness of 6mm.
• This tape was also wound (with the same winding angle for the fibers) around the ends of the tube, shaped on the metal end pieces, so as to crimp the end pieces.
• the composite tape was made of Hyosung H2525 G10 carbon fiber, impregnated with a PPA type resin (11/BACT/10T), with a glass transition temperature of 140°C (measured by DSC according to ISO 11357 -2:2013). The fiber content was 55% by volume (compared to the volume of the composite tape)
• the composite tape was implemented by means of an automatic process of removal with Coriolis® Solo brand laser heating, at a temperature of 330°C and a speed of 0.3m/s.

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• 2021
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