FR3125741A1 - Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé - Google Patents
Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3125741A1 FR3125741A1 FR2108126A FR2108126A FR3125741A1 FR 3125741 A1 FR3125741 A1 FR 3125741A1 FR 2108126 A FR2108126 A FR 2108126A FR 2108126 A FR2108126 A FR 2108126A FR 3125741 A1 FR3125741 A1 FR 3125741A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical element
- tank according
- reservoir
- fibers
- fibrous reinforcement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/24—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
- B29C53/581—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using sheets or strips consisting principally of plastics material
- B29C53/582—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using sheets or strips consisting principally of plastics material comprising reinforcements, e.g. wires, threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
- B29C53/583—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically for making tubular articles with particular features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/58—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically
- B29C53/60—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally helically using internal forming surfaces, e.g. mandrels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/02—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
- B29C63/04—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like
- B29C63/08—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically
- B29C63/10—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles
- B29C63/105—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material by folding, winding, bending or the like by winding helically around tubular articles continuously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/003—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/527—Pulling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
- B29C70/525—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C70/528—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D23/00—Producing tubular articles
- B29D23/001—Pipes; Pipe joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/03006—Gas tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
- F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
- F17C1/06—Protecting sheathings built-up from wound-on bands or filamentary material, e.g. wires
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0872—Prepregs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7154—Barrels, drums, tuns, vats
- B29L2031/7156—Pressure vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7172—Fuel tanks, jerry cans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K2015/03309—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels
- B60K2015/03315—Tanks specially adapted for particular fuels for hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0609—Straps, bands or ribbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0621—Single wall with three layers
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Abstract
Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé L’invention porte sur un réservoir pour contenir un fluide sous pression, comportant :-au moins un élément cylindrique en un matériau fibreux pultrudé imprégné d’une matrice thermoplastique,-un premier embout placé à une extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique le fermant et-un second embout placé à l’autre extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique, muni d’un orifice destiné à permettre l’entrée et la sortie du fluide, et- au moins un renfort fibreux supplémentaire, enveloppant partiellement ou totalement le ou les éléments cylindriques et éventuellement les embouts, les fibres contenues dans le renfort fibreux supplémentaire étant positionnées selon un axe différent de l’axe longitudinal de l’élément cylindrique,la teneur totale en fibres du réservoir étant comprise entre 40 et 70 % en volume par rapport au volume de la matrice et des fibres contenues dans le réservoir. Figure 1
Description
La présente invention porte sur un réservoir destiné à contenir un fluide sous pression. L’invention porte également sur son procédé de fabrication, ainsi que sur son utilisation pour le stockage, le transport et/ou la distribution de fluide, et notamment d’hydrogène.
A l’heure actuelle, la transition écologique tend à diminuer la consommation de pétrole et à favoriser l’utilisation d’énergies moins polluantes. Dans cette perspective, l’hydrogène est un des fluides particulièrement étudiés. On constate notamment que les véhicules à pile à combustible font l’objet de nombreuses recherches.
Dans ce domaine, l'une des difficultés en vue de la production en série de tels véhicules est la conception des réservoirs. En effet, les réservoirs d'hydrogène emportés par ces véhicules sont soumis à des pressions d'usage pouvant aller jusqu'à 700 bars et doivent répondre à d'importantes exigences de sécurité afin de limiter au maximum les conséquences d'un choc, d'un impact accidentel ou d'un incendie. Par exemple, lorsque le réservoir est endommagé au cours d'un accident dans lequel est impliqué le véhicule ou lorsqu'un projectile tiré par une arme à feu traverse le réservoir, il est souhaitable que le réservoir libère sa pression progressivement, sans exploser ni se déchirer de manière importante. Il en est de même en cas d'augmentation de la température du gaz contenu dans le réservoir du fait d'un incendie du véhicule.
Un avantage important serait, qu’ils soient facilement insérables dans une caisse d'automobile, en particulier dans le pack batterie, en remplacement de tout ou partie des batteries.
Un autre objectif est de permettre une obtention industrielle de tels réservoirs pour un coût raisonnable, par exemple acceptable pour une application automobile.
Par ailleurs, les contraintes de pression requises pour un réservoir à hydrogène font que tout autre fluide non agressif chimiquement peut être contenu dans un tel réservoir d’un point de vue mécanique.
Il est connu du document FR2923575 un réservoir pour le stockage de fluide sous haute pression de forme générale cylindrique et de section ronde comportant à chacune de ses extrémités le long de son axe, un embout métallique, un liner enveloppant lesdits embouts et une couche structurelle en fibre imprégnée de résine thermodurcissable enveloppant ledit liner.
Il est également connu du document WO2017/199193 un réservoir en matériau composite comportant un élément tubulaire, deux embouts respectivement insérés dans les extrémités de l'élément tubulaire, et une couche circonférentielle, qui enveloppe l'élément tubulaire et les embouts. La couche circonférentielle est formée de fibres enroulées imprégnées de résine. L'élément tubulaire comporte un tube en plastique entouré d'une couche longitudinale essentiellement constituée de fibres agencées parallèlement dans une matrice de résine, les fibres parallèles étant orientées dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal du tube en plastique.
Ces réservoirs de stockage de gaz composites dits traditionnels présentent généralement, un diamètre intérieur, dans la partie cylindrique supérieure ou égale à 150 mm, pour des volumes typiquement supérieurs à 10 litres.
A l'inverse, les réservoirs de stockage de gaz dit conformables ou bien polymorphes sont généralement composés d'un assemblage de tubes fermés et connectés les uns aux autres. Ces réservoirs polymorphes sont fabriqués par assemblage de tubes composites de petit diamètre, typiquement de diamètre intérieur inférieur à 150 mm.
. Cependant, la solution technique optimale, pour fabriquer efficacement ce type de réservoir de stockage, notamment sous haute pression, pour l'hydrogène, n'est pas encore bien définie.
La fermeture des tubes au moyen d’embouts pouvant avoir une forme de dômes hémisphériques nécessite des fibres positionnées, idéalement, dans l'axe du tube pour maintenir ces dômes, mais compte tenu de la forme hémisphérique des dômes, lesdites fibres ne peuvent pas être rigoureusement alignées dans l'axe du tube, ce qui nuit à leur efficacité et impose d'en utiliser une quantité supérieure au strict minimum envisageable, si elles étaient bien alignées dans l'axe du tube.
En outre, lorsque le diamètre du tube devient trop petit, typiquement inférieur à 150 mm, il devient compliqué de fermer le tube avec des dômes présentant un rayon de courbure suffisamment grand pour ne pas poser de problème lors de l'enroulement des fibres autour du réservoir.
De plus, les cadences de production de ces tubes sont relativement lentes, impliquant la production d’un liner, puis un ou plusieurs enroulements spécifiques des fibres autour de ce liner, et une fermeture du tube.
Enfin, les solutions de réservoirs composites les plus fréquentes, utilisent un renfort composite à base de résine thermodurcissable, notamment de type époxy. Or, ces composites sont généralement microfissurés, rendant indispensable l'utilisation d'un liner épais et lourd pour assurer l'étanchéité du réservoir. La microfissuration des composites thermodurcissables, époxy en particulier, nuit à leur résistance mécanique et oblige à augmenter le taux de fibres de carbone et donc le coût du réservoir.
Cet inconvénient se combine à un autre, dans le cas où les renforts composites sont fabriqués par enroulement filamentaire par voie humide. En effet, ce type de procédé conduit à un taux de porosité important à cause de l'absence de forte pression lors de la mise en œuvre.
Enfin, les réservoirs composites à base de résine thermodurcissable, notamment époxy, ne sont pas recyclables.
Ainsi, il est recherché un réservoir, qui supporte des pressions élevées, qui est relativement facile et simple à produire et qui puisse être recyclable.
L’invention vise un réservoir pour contenir un fluide sous pression, comportant :
-au moins un élément cylindrique en un matériau fibreux pultrudé imprégné d’une matrice thermoplastique,
-un premier embout placé à une extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique le fermant et
-un second embout placé à l’autre extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique, muni d’un orifice destiné à permettre l’entrée et la sortie du fluide, et
- au moins un renfort fibreux supplémentaire, enveloppant partiellement ou totalement, de préférence totalement le ou les éléments cylindriques, et éventuellement les embouts,
les fibres contenues dans le renfort fibreux supplémentaire, étant positionnées dans un axe différent de l’axe longitudinal de l’élément cylindrique,
la teneur totale en fibres du réservoir étant comprise entre 40 et 70 % en volume par rapport aux volumes de la matrice et des fibres contenues dans le réservoir.
-au moins un élément cylindrique en un matériau fibreux pultrudé imprégné d’une matrice thermoplastique,
-un premier embout placé à une extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique le fermant et
-un second embout placé à l’autre extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique, muni d’un orifice destiné à permettre l’entrée et la sortie du fluide, et
- au moins un renfort fibreux supplémentaire, enveloppant partiellement ou totalement, de préférence totalement le ou les éléments cylindriques, et éventuellement les embouts,
les fibres contenues dans le renfort fibreux supplémentaire, étant positionnées dans un axe différent de l’axe longitudinal de l’élément cylindrique,
la teneur totale en fibres du réservoir étant comprise entre 40 et 70 % en volume par rapport aux volumes de la matrice et des fibres contenues dans le réservoir.
L’invention porte également sur un procédé de fabrication du réservoir tel que défini ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend les étapes successives suivantes :
a) pultrusion de l’élément cylindrique,
b) mise en place des embouts aux extrémités de l’élément cylindrique obtenu à l’issue de l’étape a),
c) dépose du renfort fibreux supplémentaire.
a) pultrusion de l’élément cylindrique,
b) mise en place des embouts aux extrémités de l’élément cylindrique obtenu à l’issue de l’étape a),
c) dépose du renfort fibreux supplémentaire.
Enfin, l’invention concerne l’utilisation du réservoir tel que défini ci-dessus pour le stockage, le transport et/ou la distribution de fluide, comme des gaz, sous forme compressée, sous forme liquide ou encore cryocompressés, et notamment d’hydrogène, gaz naturel, GPL, GNL, air comprimé, azote, oxygène.
Brève description de la figure
Claims (13)
- Réservoir pour contenir un fluide sous pression, comportant :
-au moins un élément cylindrique en un matériau fibreux pultrudé imprégné d’une matrice thermoplastique,
-un premier embout placé à une extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique le fermant et
-un second embout placé à l’autre extrémité d’au moins un élément cylindrique, muni d’un orifice destiné à permettre l’entrée et la sortie du fluide, et
- au moins un renfort fibreux supplémentaire, enveloppant partiellement ou totalement le ou les éléments cylindriques et éventuellement les embouts,
les fibres contenues dans le renfort fibreux supplémentaire étant positionnées selon un axe différent de l’axe longitudinal de l’élément cylindrique,
la teneur totale en fibres du réservoir étant comprise entre 40 et 70 % en volume par rapport aux volumes de la matrice et des fibres contenues dans le réservoir. - Réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le renfort fibreux supplémentaire est choisi parmi des fibres sèches continues, un matériau fibreux à base de fibres continues imprégnées d’une matrice thermoplastique, et leur mélange.
- Réservoir selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le renfort fibreux supplémentaire comporte des fibres positionnées selon un angle compris entre +/-10° et +/-89° par rapport à l’axe de l’élément cylindrique.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu’une partie des fibres comprises dans le matériau de l’élément cylindrique est positionnée dans l’axe longitudinal de l’élément cylindrique.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1, 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que le renfort fibreux supplémentaire est choisi parmi une tresse de fibres sèches continues, une tresse de rubans fibreux imprégnés de résine thermoplastique, et leur mélange.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les fibres utilisées pour fabriquer le matériau fibreux pultrudé de l’élément cylindrique sont une tresse de fibres sèches.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le renfort fibreux supplémentaire est une couche enveloppant partiellement ou totalement l’élément cylindrique, qui a été préalablement plaqué sur les embouts, la couche étant en un matériau fibreux imprégné de résine thermoplastique.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la matrice thermoplastique de l’élément cylindrique est totalement ou partiellement miscible avec la matrice thermoplastique du renfort fibreux supplémentaire.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la matrice thermoplastique du renfort fibreux supplémentaire présente une température de fusion supérieure à 150°C, et/ou une température de transition vitreuse supérieure à 80°C.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte plusieurs éléments cylindriques connectés entre eux et présentant un diamètre intérieur inférieur à 250 mm, de préférence inférieur à 150 mm.
- Réservoir selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte à l’intérieur de l’élément cylindrique un second élément cylindrique composé d’une ou plusieurs couches de résine thermoplastique, ne comportant pas de fibres.
- Procédé de fabrication du réservoir tel que défini à l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend les étapes successives suivantes :
a) pultrusion de l’élément cylindrique,
b) mise en place des embouts aux extrémités de l’élément cylindrique obtenu à l’issue de l’étape a),
c) dépose du renfort fibreux supplémentaire. - Utilisation du réservoir tel que défini à l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 pour le stockage, le transport et/ou la distribution de fluide, comme des gaz, sous forme compressée, sous forme liquide ou encore cryocompressés, et notamment d’hydrogène, gaz naturel, GPL, GNL, air comprimé, azote, oxygène.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2108126A FR3125741B1 (fr) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé |
CN202280052752.5A CN117715742A (zh) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | 包含拉挤的圆柱形元件的储器 |
EP22764441.6A EP4377064A1 (fr) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé |
KR1020247006297A KR20240037330A (ko) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | 인발성형된 원통형 엘리먼트를 포함하는 저장소 |
PCT/FR2022/051514 WO2023007093A1 (fr) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2108126A FR3125741B1 (fr) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé |
FR2108126 | 2021-07-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR3125741A1 true FR3125741A1 (fr) | 2023-02-03 |
FR3125741B1 FR3125741B1 (fr) | 2023-12-22 |
Family
ID=78049362
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR2108126A Active FR3125741B1 (fr) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Réservoir comportant un élément cylindrique pultrudé |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4377064A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20240037330A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN117715742A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3125741B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023007093A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0852308A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-07-08 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Réservoir de pression: couvrir une polyoléfine sur une polyoléfine |
EP1505099A2 (fr) | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-09 | Arkema | Polymides semi aromatiques souples à faible reprise en humidité |
FR2923575A1 (fr) | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-15 | Michelin Soc Tech | Reservoir de fluide sous pression, methode et appareil pour la fabrication d'un tel reservoir. |
WO2017199193A1 (fr) | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | Gilles Rocher | Reservoir en matériau composite pour contenir un fluide sous pression |
-
2021
- 2021-07-27 FR FR2108126A patent/FR3125741B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-07-27 KR KR1020247006297A patent/KR20240037330A/ko unknown
- 2022-07-27 WO PCT/FR2022/051514 patent/WO2023007093A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2022-07-27 CN CN202280052752.5A patent/CN117715742A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-27 EP EP22764441.6A patent/EP4377064A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0852308A1 (fr) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-07-08 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Réservoir de pression: couvrir une polyoléfine sur une polyoléfine |
EP1505099A2 (fr) | 2003-08-05 | 2005-02-09 | Arkema | Polymides semi aromatiques souples à faible reprise en humidité |
FR2923575A1 (fr) | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-15 | Michelin Soc Tech | Reservoir de fluide sous pression, methode et appareil pour la fabrication d'un tel reservoir. |
WO2017199193A1 (fr) | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | Gilles Rocher | Reservoir en matériau composite pour contenir un fluide sous pression |
EP3458767A1 (fr) * | 2016-05-19 | 2019-03-27 | Gilles Rocher | Reservoir en matériau composite pour contenir un fluide sous pression |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PLASTIQUES - MATÉRIAUX POLYAMIDES (PA) POUR MOULAGE ET EXTRUSION - PARTIE 1 : DÉSIGNATION, pages 3 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117715742A (zh) | 2024-03-15 |
FR3125741B1 (fr) | 2023-12-22 |
KR20240037330A (ko) | 2024-03-21 |
EP4377064A1 (fr) | 2024-06-05 |
WO2023007093A1 (fr) | 2023-02-02 |
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