EP4375601A1 - Einlasstemperaturregelung für eine turbine - Google Patents

Einlasstemperaturregelung für eine turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4375601A1
EP4375601A1 EP23192166.9A EP23192166A EP4375601A1 EP 4375601 A1 EP4375601 A1 EP 4375601A1 EP 23192166 A EP23192166 A EP 23192166A EP 4375601 A1 EP4375601 A1 EP 4375601A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
operating state
turbine
gas
set value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23192166.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Takuya Kaneda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP4375601A1 publication Critical patent/EP4375601A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/002—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0247—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquefaction system, and relates to a method for controlling an inlet temperature of a turbine used in a gas liquefaction system, for example.
  • a gas liquefaction system generally comprises a compression device, a turbine, and a heat exchanger.
  • a liquefaction process generally involves liquefying a portion of the whole amount of supplied gas and feeding this portion to a product tank, with the remainder being circulated through the liquefaction system and re-treated together with newly supplied gas.
  • the turbine in the liquefaction system is operated so that a gas enters the turbine where it is expanded, and then exits as a gas.
  • the system is controlled to output a warning or perform an emergency stoppage (turbine tripping), etc. on reaching a temperature at which liquefaction might occur.
  • the temperature at which liquefaction might occur is calculated from a pressure difference between the turbine inlet pressure and the turbine outlet pressure.
  • the liquefaction system is designed on the basis of normal operation, and is controlled so that the amount of gas fed to the turbine is maximized, while avoiding liquefaction by observing this temperature (the system is operated with the liquefaction process maximized).
  • Patent Document 1 describes a liquefaction process comprising: one or more permanent gas compression devices, one or more permanent gas expansion turbines, and a heat exchanger for performing heat exchange between permanent gas and liquefied natural gas.
  • Patent Document 1 JP H5-45050A
  • warning output temperature and the emergency stoppage temperature are fixed to correspond to normal operation, and are therefore incompatible with start-up or abnormalities, etc.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquefaction system and a method for controlling a turbine inlet temperature of the liquefaction system, which enable a gas temperature at an inlet of a turbine to be measured and enable a warning output temperature set value and an emergency stoppage temperature set value to be varied correspondingly with an operating state.
  • the present disclosure relates to a liquefaction system for liquefying a product gas provided from an air separation unit, the liquefaction system comprising:
  • the first operating state means a normal operating state
  • the second operating state means an operating state when the system is launched.
  • the control unit may comprise:
  • the "margin” is set while taking account of control responsiveness, and is set in a range from 1°C to 3°C, for example.
  • the "emergency stoppage temperature set value” is a temperature set value at a timing for emergency stoppage of the turbine.
  • the temperature can be deduced from the pressure difference in the pressure measuring units provided at the turbine inlet and outlet, and there is an emergency stoppage of the turbine when this temperature reaches the "emergency stoppage temperature set value”.
  • the liquefaction system may comprise:
  • the control valve is provided in the first pipe downstream from the branching position of the second pipe.
  • the temperature measuring unit (T5) is provided in the pipe (L4121).
  • the present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a turbine inlet temperature of a liquefaction system for liquefying a product gas provided from an air separation unit (A), the method comprising:
  • a liquefaction apparatus for liquefying a product gas provided from an air separation unit, the liquefaction system comprising:
  • a process for controlling a turbine inlet temperature of a liquefaction system for liquefying a product gas provided from an air separation unit comprising:
  • Decompression devices 1 and 2 in a liquefaction system 100 according to embodiment 1 will be described with the aid of fig. 1 .
  • the liquefaction system 100 utilizes a liquefaction cycle to liquefy a predetermined product gas provided from an air separation unit A, for example a nitrogen-rich gas, oxygen-rich gas, or argon-rich gas, etc.
  • a predetermined product gas provided from an air separation unit A, for example a nitrogen-rich gas, oxygen-rich gas, or argon-rich gas, etc.
  • the liquefaction system 100 comprises: first and second compression devices C1, C2; first and second expander-compressors ET1, ET2; first and second heat exchangers E20, E21; first and second separator units V20, V21; and a liquefied gas tank (LIN TANK).
  • the nitrogen-rich gas fed from the air separation unit A passes through a pipe L1 and is compressed by the first compression device C1 then compressed by the second compression device C2.
  • a decompression method in these compression devices will be described later.
  • a portion of the nitrogen gas compressed in the second compression device C2 is fed to a compressor ET11 of the first expander-compressor ET1 via a first branch pipe L41, then fed to a compressor ET21 of the second expander-compressor ET2 via a pipe L411, and is next fed to the first heat exchanger E20 via a pipe L412 where it is cooled, and a portion thereof arrives at the first separator unit V20.
  • the remainder of this nitrogen gas is fed to an expander ET22 (corresponding to a turbine) of the second expander-compressor ET2 via a branch pipe L4121 branching from the pipe L412 partway through the first heat exchanger E20, and is then fed to the first separator unit V20 via a pipe L4122.
  • a gas component drawn from a column top of the first separator unit V20 passes through the first heat exchanger E20 via a pipe L6, and is fed to a pipe L2 on an intake side of the compression device C2.
  • Liquefied nitrogen gas drawn from a bottom of the first separator unit V20 passes, via a pipe L5, through a portion of the second heat exchanger E21 where it is cooled, after which a portion thereof is fed to the liquefied gas tank (LIN TANK). The remainder of this liquefied nitrogen gas is fed to the second separator unit V21 via a pipe L51.
  • Agas component drawn from a column top of the second separator unit V21 is fed to the second heat exchanger E21 via a pipe L52 and then returned to the second separator unit V21.
  • a liquid component drawn from a bottom of the second separator unit V21 passes through a pipe L53 to function as cold in the second heat exchanger E21, then functions as cold in the first heat exchanger E20, and is fed to the pipe L1 on an intake side of the first compression device C1.
  • the remainder of the nitrogen gas compressed by the second compression device C2 passes through a portion of the first heat exchanger E20 via a second branch pipe L42 branching from a pipe L4, and is fed to an expander ET12 of the first expander-compressor ET1, then fed via a pipe L421 to partway through the first heat exchanger E20, merging with the pipe L6.
  • a first intake-side release pipe L11 for releasing gas, which branches from the pipe L1, is provided on the intake side of the first compression device C1, and a first intake-side release valve PV1 is provided in the first intake-side release pipe L11.
  • a second intake-side release pipe L21 for releasing gas, which branches from the pipe L2, is provided on the intake side of the second compression device C2, and a second intake-side release valve PV21 is provided in the second intake-side release pipe L21.
  • a first bypass pipe L3 returning from a discharge side to the intake side of the first compression device C1 is provided, and a first bypass valve PV2 is provided in the first bypass pipe L3.
  • a second bypass pipe L23 returning from a discharge side to the intake side of the second compression device C2 is provided, and a second bypass valve PV22 is provided in the second bypass pipe L23.
  • a control valve PV5 is provided in the pipe L412 downstream from the position of the pipe L4121.
  • a temperature measuring unit T5 is provided in the pipe L4121.
  • Fig. 2 shows a flow of operating states.
  • an inlet gas temperature T1 measured by the temperature measuring unit T5 is compared with a warning temperature set value plus a margin M (S201). During start-up, the inlet gas temperature T1 is greater than the warning temperature set value plus the margin M, and a second operating state is set.
  • a valve control unit 202 makes a degree of opening OP1 of the control valve PV5 greater than a degree of opening OP2 during a first operating state in order to lower an inlet pressure of the expander ET22 (turbine) of the second expander-compressor ET2.
  • the amount of gas fed to the first separator unit V20 is increased and the amount of gas fed to the expander ET22 (turbine) is reduced in relation to this, and it is possible to maintain a state of higher temperature than the warning temperature set value, making it possible to avoid operator intervention during start-up.
  • step S201 the comparison is repeated until the measured inlet gas temperature T1 is equal to or less than the warning temperature set value plus the margin M.
  • the operating state transitions from the second operating state to the first operating state, and an emergency stoppage temperature set value is set at the warning temperature set value plus the margin (S202).
  • the valve control unit 202 makes the degree of opening OP2 of the control valve PV5 smaller than the degree of opening OP1 during the start-up mode in order to raise the inlet pressure of the expander ET22 (turbine).
  • the amount of gas fed to the first separator unit V20 is reduced and the amount of gas supplied to the expander ET22 (turbine) is increased in relation to this. This makes it possible to achieve a rapid transition from the state during start-up to operation in the normal state.
  • the degree of opening (OP1) of the valve during the second operating state may be selected from a range of between 60% and 70%, for example.
  • the degree of opening (OP2) of the valve during the first operating state may be selected from a range of between 50% and 60%, for example.
  • a method for controlling a turbine inlet temperature of a liquefaction system for liquefying a product gas provided from an air separation unit A comprises:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP23192166.9A 2022-08-22 2023-08-18 Einlasstemperaturregelung für eine turbine Pending EP4375601A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022131511A JP2024029319A (ja) 2022-08-22 2022-08-22 液化システムおよび液化システムのタービン入口温度制御方法

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EP4375601A1 true EP4375601A1 (de) 2024-05-29

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0545050A (ja) 1991-08-09 1993-02-23 Nippon Sanso Kk 液化天然ガスの寒冷を利用した永久ガスの液化方法
US20060213223A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2006-09-28 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US7219512B1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2007-05-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
FR2991758A3 (fr) * 2013-09-19 2013-12-13 Air Liquide Liquefacteur d'air
US9890712B2 (en) * 2011-09-06 2018-02-13 Highview Enterprises Limited Method and apparatus for power storage
CN113758148A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-12-07 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种用于低温氮气冷量回收的装置及其使用方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0545050A (ja) 1991-08-09 1993-02-23 Nippon Sanso Kk 液化天然ガスの寒冷を利用した永久ガスの液化方法
US20060213223A1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2006-09-28 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US7219512B1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2007-05-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US9890712B2 (en) * 2011-09-06 2018-02-13 Highview Enterprises Limited Method and apparatus for power storage
FR2991758A3 (fr) * 2013-09-19 2013-12-13 Air Liquide Liquefacteur d'air
CN113758148A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-12-07 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种用于低温氮气冷量回收的装置及其使用方法

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CN117606193A (zh) 2024-02-27
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