CN117606193A - 液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法 - Google Patents

液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN117606193A
CN117606193A CN202310995754.4A CN202310995754A CN117606193A CN 117606193 A CN117606193 A CN 117606193A CN 202310995754 A CN202310995754 A CN 202310995754A CN 117606193 A CN117606193 A CN 117606193A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
temperature
operation state
setting
inlet
margin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310995754.4A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
金田拓也
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Publication of CN117606193A publication Critical patent/CN117606193A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/002—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0234—Integration with a cryogenic air separation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0247—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/04—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/06—Internal refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with multiple gas expansion loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/34—Details about subcooling of liquids

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种液化系统，其能够测定涡轮入口的气体温度，并根据运转状态变更警报输出温度设定值和紧急停止温度设定值。一种液化系统(100)具有：测定冷却式涡轮的入口气体的温度的温度测定部(T5)；控制向冷却式涡轮输送的气体量的控制阀(PV5)；以及控制部(200)，其与第二运转状态对应地使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度(OP1)大于所述第一运转状态时的开度(OP2)，降低所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力，与所述第一运转状态对应地使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度(OP2)比所述第二运转状态时的开度(OP1)小而降低所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力。

Description

液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液化系统，涉及一种控制用于例如气体液化系统的冷却式涡轮入口温度的方法。
背景技术
通常的气体液化系统包含压缩机、冷却式涡轮和热交换器。液化过程通常是将被供应的气体总量中的一部分液化并送入产品罐，将剩余部分在液化系统中循环，并与新供应来的气体一起再处理。
液化系统的冷却式涡轮以使气体进入并被使用，作为气体流出的方式运行。因此，为了避免在冷却式涡轮出口被液化，当达到即将液化的温度时，进行警报输出或紧急停止(涡轮跳闸)等的控制。即将液化的温度由涡轮入口的压力和涡轮出口的压力的差压计算。液化系统以通常运转为基准而设计，一边观察所述温度一边进行控制，在避免液化的同时使输送到冷却式涡轮的气体量最大化(进行液化工序最大化的运转)。
专利文献1公开了具有1台以上的永久气体用压缩机、1台以上的永久气体用膨胀涡轮、和使永久气体和液化天然气进行热交换的热交换器的液化工序。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开平5-45050号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
但是如果在液化系统起动时进行液化工序最大化的运转，则涡轮入口的气体压力变高，一旦涡轮入口温度达到警报输出温度或紧急停止温度，则操作员每次都需要介入。虽然也可以通过在起动时使涡轮低速运转来应对该问题，但在这种情况下，液化过程的启动变慢，造成时间浪费。
另外，由于警报输出温度和紧急停止温度与通常运转相应地而被固定，所以不能应对起动时和异常时等情况。
本公开提供了一种液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法，其能够测量涡轮入口处的气体温度，并根据运行状态相应地改变报警输出温度设定值和紧急停止温度设定值。
解决课题的手段
本公开提供一种液化系统(100)，用于使由空气分离装置(A)提供的产品气体液化，所述液化系统(100)包含温度测定部(T5)、控制阀(PV5)和控制部(200)，
所述温度测定部(T5)测定冷却式涡轮的入口气体温度(T1)，
所述控制阀(PV5)根据由所述温度测定部(T5)测定的入口气体温度(T1)而相应地控制向所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)输送的气体量，
所述控制部(200)，
从所述液化系统起动开始，将由所述温度测定部(T5)测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，将入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况作为第一运转状态，并且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，将入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”的情况作为第二运转状态，并且，
与所述第二运转状态而对应地使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度(OP1)大于所述第一运转状态时的开度(OP2)，来降低所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力，与所述第一运转状态对应地控制所述控制阀(PV5)的开度，以使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度比所述第二运转状态时的开度(OP1)小而提高所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力。
所述第一运转状态表示通常的运转状态，所述第二运转状态表示系统启动时的运转状态。
所述控制部(200)也可以具有状态设定部(201)和阀控制部(202)，
所述状态设定部(201)，将由所述温度测定部(T5)测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，将入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况作为第一运转状态，且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，将入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”的情况作为第二运转状态，
所述阀控制部(202)以以下方式进行控制：与由所述状态设定部(201)设定的第二运转状态对应地使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度(OP1)大于所述第一运转状态时的开度(OP2)，降低所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力，与由所述状态设定部设定的第一运转状态对应地使所述控制阀(PV5)的开度(OP2)为比所述第二运转状态时的开度(OP1)小，从而提高所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力。
“警报温度设定值”是警告冷却式涡轮出口处的气体液化的可能性的定时的温度设定值。根据设置在涡轮入口和出口的压力测定部的差压测定温度，当该温度达到“警报温度设定值”时，输出警报。
“裕度”考虑控制响应性而设定，例如在1℃～3℃的范围内设定。
“紧急停止温度设定值”是紧急停止冷却式涡轮的定时的温度设定值。根据设置在涡轮入口和出口的压力测定部的差压测定温度，当该温度达到“紧急停止温度设定值”时，使涡轮紧急停止。
所述液化系统(100)也可以具有：
对从空气分离装置送来的规定的产品气体进行压缩的一个以上的压缩机，
导入从所述压缩机的后段送来的压缩气体的第一膨胀压缩机的压缩机，
导入由所述第一膨胀压缩机的压缩机压缩的气体的第二膨胀压缩机的压缩机，
通过配管(L412)导入由所述第一膨胀压缩机的压缩机压缩的气体的第一热交换器(E20)，
从所述配管(L412)分支，用于将所述气体一部分向第二膨胀压缩机的膨胀器(冷却式涡轮)输送的配管(L4121)，
将其剩余部分经由配管(L412)被输送的第一隔板(V20)，以及
用于将在第二膨胀压缩机的膨胀器(冷却式涡轮)中使用过的气体向所述第一隔板(V20)输送的管道(L4122)。
所述控制阀(PV5)设置在比所述配管(L4121)的位置靠下游的所述配管(L412)。
所述温度测定部(T5)设置在所述配管(L4121)上。
本公开是一种液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法，所述液化系统是对由空气分离装置提供的产品气体进行液化的系统，所述控制方法包含温度测定步骤、设定步骤和控制步骤，
所述温度测定步骤测定进入冷却式涡轮的入口气体(ET22)的入口气体温度(T1)，
所述设定步骤，从所述液化系统起动开始，将由所述温度测定步骤测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，将入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况作为第一运转状态，并且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，将入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”的情况作为第二运转状态，
所述控制步骤以下述方式进行控制：与所述第二运行状态对应地降低所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力，与所述第一运行状态对应地提高所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力。
(作用效果)
(1)启动时无需使涡轮低速运行，可快速过渡到正常运行。
(2)消除操作员不必要的介入。
(3)从启动到正常运行可完全自动化。
附图说明
图1是表示实施方式1的液化系统的图。
图2是运转模式的变更流程图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的几个实施方式进行说明。以下说明的实施方式是说明本发明的一例的实施方式。本发明不限于以下的实施方式，也包含在不变更本发明的主旨的范围内实施的各种变形方式。另外，以下说明的技术构成并不全都是本发明的必须的技术构成。
(实施方式1)
使用图1对实施方式1的液化系统100中的减压装置1、2进行说明。
液化系统100利用液化循环对从空气分离装置A提供的规定的产品气体，例如富集氮气、富集氧气、富集氩气等进行液化。
本实施方式的液化系统100具备第一、第二压缩机C1、C2、第一、第二膨胀压缩机ET1、ET2、第一、第二热交换器E20、E21、第一、第二分离装置部V20、V21、液化气罐(LINTANK)。
从空气分离装置A输送来的富集氮气经由配管L1在第一压缩机C1中被压缩，接着在第二压缩机C2中被压缩。这些压缩机的减压方法将在后面叙述。
由第二压缩机C2压缩的氮气的一部分经由从配管L4分支的第一分支配管L41被输送到第一膨胀压缩机ET1的压缩机ET11，接着经由配管L411被输送到第二膨胀压缩机ET2的压缩机ET21，接着，经由配管L412被送到第一热交换器E20进行冷却，其一部分到达第一分离部V20。其剩余部分在第一热交换器E20的中途经由从配管L412分支的分支配管L4121被送到第二膨胀压缩机ET2的膨胀器ET22(相当于冷却式涡轮)，接着经由配管L4122被送到第一分离部V20。从第一分离部V20的顶部导出的气体成分经由配管L6通过第二热交换器E20，被输送到第二压缩机C2的吸入侧的配管L2。
从第一分离部V20的底部导出的液化氮气经由配管L5通过第二热交换器E21的一部分而被冷却后，一部分被输送到液化气体罐(LIN TANK)。其剩余部分经由配管L51被输送到第二分离部V21。从第二分离部V21的顶部导出的气体成分经由配管L52被送到第二热交换器E21后返回第二分离部V21。液体成分从第二分离装置部V21的底部经由配管L53在第二热交换器E21中起到寒冷的作用，接着在第一热交换器E20中起到寒冷的作用，被输送到第一压缩机C1的吸入侧的配管L1。
被第二压缩机C2压缩的氮气的剩余部分，经由从配管L4分支的第二分支配管L42，通过第一热交换器E20的一部分，被送到第一膨胀压缩机ET1的膨胀器ET12，接着经由配管L421被送到第一热交换器E20的中途与配管L6合流。
在第一压缩机C1的吸入侧设有从配管L1分支而释放气体的第一吸入侧释放配管L11、和在该第一吸入侧释放配管L11上的第一吸入侧释放阀PV1。在第二压缩机C2的吸入侧设有从配管L2分支而释放气体的第二吸入侧释放配管L21、和在该第二吸入侧释放配管L21上的第二吸入侧释放阀PV21。
具有将气体从第一压缩机C1的排出侧向吸入侧返回的第一旁通配管L3和在该第一旁通配管L3上设置的第一旁通阀PV2。具有从第二压缩机C2的排出侧向吸入侧返回气体的第二旁通配管L23和在该第二旁通配管L23上设置的第二旁通阀PV22。
(涡轮机入口温度控制)
控制阀PV5设置在比配管L4121的位置靠下游的所述配管L412上。温度测定部T5设置在配管L4121上。图2表示运转状态的流程。
起动后，将由温度测定部T5测定的入口气体温度T1与“警报温度设定值和裕度M之和”进行比较(S201)。起动时，入口气体温度T1大于“警报温度设定值和裕度M之和”，成为第二运转状态。
阀控制部202与第二运转状态对应地使控制阀PV5的开度OP1大于第一运转状态时的开度OP2，降低第二膨胀压缩机ET2的膨胀器ET22(冷却式涡轮)的入口压力。由此，增加向第一分离部V20输送的气体量，相对减少向膨胀器ET22(冷却式涡轮)输送的气体量，能够维持比警报温度设置值高的温度状态，能够避免起动时的操作员的介入。
在步骤S201中反复进行比较，直到所测定的入口气体温度T1成为“警报温度设定值和裕度M之和”以下。当入口气体温度T1成为“警报温度设定值和裕度M之和”以下时，从第二运转状态转移到第一运转状态，将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”(S202)。
阀控制部202与第一运转状态对应地使控制阀PV5的开度OP2比起动模式时的开度OP1小，提高膨胀器ET22(冷却式涡轮)的入口压力。由此，减少向第一分离部V20输送的气体量，相对地增加向膨胀器ET22(冷却式涡轮)供给的气体量。能够加快从起动时的状态向通常状态的运转的转移。
在本实施方式中，第二运转状态时的阀的开度(OP1)例如也可以在60％～70％的范围内选择。第一运转状态时的阀的开度(OP2)例如也可以在50％～60％的范围中选择。
(液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法)
本公开提供一种液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法，所述液化系统是对由空气分离装置A提供的产品气体进行液化的系统，所述控制方法包含温度测定步骤、设定步骤和控制步骤，
所述温度测定步骤测定冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口气体温度(T1)，
所述设定步骤，从所述液化系统起动开始，将由所述温度测定步骤测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，将入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况作为第一运转状态，并且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，将入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”情况作为第二运转状态，
所述控制步骤以下述方式进行控制以相对地增加对所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的气体供给量：与所述第二运行状态对应地降低所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力，与所述第一运行状态对应地提高所述冷却式涡轮(ET22)的入口压力。
本公开提供一种实现所述涡轮入口温度控制方法的程序，是在处理器上实现所述涡轮入口温度控制方法的各步骤的程序。
(另一实施方式)
(1)模式设定部201和阀控制部202的功能也可以由一个控制部200实现。
(2)各控制部也可以由信息处理装置、专用电路、具有使一个以上的处理器和装有使处理器工作的控制程序的存储器的组件、固件(firmwire)、服务器、高值选择器、以及低值选择器等中的一种以上的组合构成。
(3)液化系统100不限于实施方式1的结构，也可以追加其他的结构要素。另外，也可以具备各种测量器、其他配管等。
符号说明
A 空气分离装置
200 控制部
201 模式设定部
202 阀控制部
T1 温度测定部
PV5 控制阀

Claims (2)

1.一种液化系统，用于使由空气分离装置提供的产品气体液化，具有温度测定部、控制阀和控制部，
所述温度测定部测定冷却式涡轮的入口气体温度(T1)，
所述控制阀根据由所述温度测定部测定的入口气体温度(T1)而相应地控制向所述冷却式涡轮输送的气体量，
所述控制部进行以下控制：从所述液化系统起动开始，将由所述温度测定部测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，在入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况下作为第一运转状态，并且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，在入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”的情况下作为第二运转状态，与所述第二运转状态对应地使所述控制阀的开度大于所述第一运转状态时的开度，来降低所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力，与所述第一运转状态对应地使所述控制阀的开度比所述第二运转状态时的开度小而提高所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力。
2.一种液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法，所述液化系统是对由空气分离装置提供的产品气体进行液化的系统，所述控制方法包含温度测定步骤、设定步骤和控制步骤，
所述温度测定步骤测定冷却式涡轮的入口气体温度(T1)，
所述设定步骤，从所述液化系统起动开始，将由所述温度测定步骤测定的入口气体温度(T1)与“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”进行比较，将入口气体温度(T1)为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”以下的情况作为第一运转状态，并且将紧急停止温度设定值设定为“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”，将入口气体温度(T1)大于“警报温度设定值和裕度之和”的情况作为第二运转状态，
所述控制步骤以下述方式进行控制：根据所述第二运行状态而相应地降低所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力，根据所述第一运行状态而相应地提高所述冷却式涡轮的入口压力。
CN202310995754.4A 2022-08-22 2023-08-09 液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法 Pending CN117606193A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2022-131511 2022-08-22
JP2022131511A JP2024029319A (ja) 2022-08-22 2022-08-22 液化システムおよび液化システムのタービン入口温度制御方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117606193A true CN117606193A (zh) 2024-02-27

Family

ID=87748164

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310995754.4A Pending CN117606193A (zh) 2022-08-22 2023-08-09 液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240060715A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4375601A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2024029319A (zh)
CN (1) CN117606193A (zh)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3208547B2 (ja) 1991-08-09 2001-09-17 日本酸素株式会社 液化天然ガスの寒冷を利用した永久ガスの液化方法
US7594414B2 (en) * 2001-05-04 2009-09-29 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
US7219512B1 (en) * 2001-05-04 2007-05-22 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Apparatus for the liquefaction of natural gas and methods relating to same
GB2494400B (en) * 2011-09-06 2017-11-22 Highview Entpr Ltd Method and apparatus for power storage
FR2991758A3 (fr) * 2013-09-19 2013-12-13 Air Liquide Liquefacteur d'air
CN113758148A (zh) * 2021-08-17 2021-12-07 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 一种用于低温氮气冷量回收的装置及其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2024029319A (ja) 2024-03-06
EP4375601A1 (en) 2024-05-29
US20240060715A1 (en) 2024-02-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3527059A (en) Method of controlling parallel-operating refrigeration compressors
JPH05187728A (ja) 空気調和又は冷凍システムのヘッド圧力制御方法と制御装置
US4858640A (en) Process for feeding gas stored in a cavern storage facility into a consumer network, and a layout for implementing such a process
RU2246078C2 (ru) Устройство сжатия
CN109661549B (zh) 原料气体液化装置及其控制方法
EP3415758A1 (en) Booster system
US4582519A (en) Gas-liquefying system including control means responsive to the temperature at the low-pressure expansion turbine
CN117606193A (zh) 液化系统和液化系统的涡轮入口温度控制方法
US4921399A (en) Gas pipeline temperature control
GB2277462A (en) Compressor lubricating oil quality maintenance
JP2004218871A (ja) 深冷空気分離プラント
RU2493480C2 (ru) Устройство для обработки газа
CN113864174A (zh) 压缩机在线检测设备和压缩机在线检测方法
CN110939569A (zh) 喷油多级压缩机装置和用于控制压缩机装置的方法
JP7436980B2 (ja) 液化装置
JPH01269875A (ja) 液化冷凍装置の液化制御方法および装置
JP2000027792A (ja) 低温ガスターボ圧縮機の運転開始方法
TWI834324B (zh) 空冷式裝置和用於控制空冷式裝置的方法
JPH06265230A (ja) 液化冷凍装置の運転制御方法及び装置
JP2024024276A (ja) 圧縮機の減圧装置および圧縮機の減圧方法
RU2238487C2 (ru) Способ криостатирования объекта с переменной тепловой нагрузкой и устройство для его осуществления
US20190040864A1 (en) Booster system
JPH08271066A (ja) 冷凍機の台数制御装置
BE1028834B1 (nl) Compressorinrichting en werkwijze voor het regelen van een dergelijke compressorinrichting
EP4321827A1 (en) Air separation unit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication