EP4357503A1 - Procédé et appareil de fabrication d'un produit non tissé et produit non tissé fabriqué - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de fabrication d'un produit non tissé et produit non tissé fabriqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4357503A1
EP4357503A1 EP23198174.7A EP23198174A EP4357503A1 EP 4357503 A1 EP4357503 A1 EP 4357503A1 EP 23198174 A EP23198174 A EP 23198174A EP 4357503 A1 EP4357503 A1 EP 4357503A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber material
mill
shredded
fibers
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23198174.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
SCHMIDT Andreas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mcairlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH
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Mcairlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mcairlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH filed Critical Mcairlaid's Vliesstoffe GmbH
Publication of EP4357503A1 publication Critical patent/EP4357503A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/10—Moulding of mats
    • B27N3/12—Moulding of mats from fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • D01D5/423—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/50—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by treatment to produce shrinking, swelling, crimping or curling of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/736—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged characterised by the apparatus for arranging fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G9/00—Other accessories for paper-making machines
    • D21G9/0009—Paper-making control systems
    • D21G9/0018—Paper-making control systems controlling the stock preparation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G11/00—Disintegrating fibre-containing articles to obtain fibres for re-use
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven product from fibers laid randomly in an air stream, in particular cellulose fibers, in which a fiber material comprising fibers in bound form is defibrated in at least one mill and the fibers formed thereby are conveyed in an air stream from the at least one mill to at least one laying sieve and are deposited randomly on the at least one laying sieve, whereby the respective nonwoven product is formed on the respective laying sieve.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing a nonwoven product from fibers laid randomly in an air stream, in particular cellulose fibers, comprising at least one mill, by means of which a fiber material comprising fibers in bound form can be defibrated and at least one laying sieve and at least one air flow channel through which the fibers formed with the mill can be conveyed in an air stream from the at least one mill to the at least one laying sieve, on which the fibers can be deposited randomly, whereby the respective nonwoven product can be formed on the respective laying sieve,
  • Such a method and such a device are known, for example, from the publication EP 0 159 618 A1 by MIRA LANZA SPA.
  • the laying down of fibres downstream of a mill in an air stream on a laying screen can be carried out in the prior art, as well as in the invention, by means of at least one so-called forming head, with which the fibres in the air stream incoming fibers are distributed to the depositing screen.
  • forming head with which the fibres in the air stream incoming fibers are distributed to the depositing screen.
  • Each depositing screen - if several are operated simultaneously - can be assigned at least one separate forming head.
  • An air stream with fibers conveyed in it can also be distributed to several forming heads.
  • a respective forming head in the prior art, as well as in the invention can preferably comprise at least one mixing chamber, into the interior of which the air flow with the transported fibers is introduced.
  • At least one mixing device can be arranged in the mixing chamber, preferably in order to achieve a further homogenization of the fiber density or a further fiber separation in the inner volume of the mixing chamber.
  • a mixing device can be formed, for example, by at least one needle roller that is driven to rotate in the mixing chamber.
  • a mixing chamber can also be designed as a rotating roller, the outer surface of which has a large number of passages from which the fibers are guided in the direction of the depositing screen.
  • a forming head with such a mixing chamber is also called a drum former.
  • a forming head preferably has an outlet with at least one passage, preferably a plurality of passages, wherein the air with the transported fibers exits from the outlet in the direction of the depositing screen.
  • the width of the outlet can preferably be adapted to the width of the depositing sieve.
  • the cross-section of the outlet can generally be adapted to the shape of the depositing sieve.
  • a forming head can also itself include a stationary or moving depositing screen, which filters the fibers out of the air flow; in particular, a forming head can also directly influence the shape of the nonwoven product to be produced.
  • the forming head and depositing screen can thus form a common unit or separate units.
  • a forming head can therefore generally be understood as a device that is designed to filter the fibers out of the air stream and bring them into a predetermined shape. This can be used, for example, to directly produce fully contoured nonwoven products.
  • the respective depositing sieve is stationary or moving.
  • the depositing sieve can, for example, be transported continuously, preferably at a constant running speed, or transported intermittently or also moved reciprocally.
  • a depositing sieve can also be designed as a sieve conveyor belt, which can be moved intermittently, continuously or reciprocally.
  • a deposit screen can also be covered by a mask/mold to produce a nonwoven product contoured according to the mask/mold.
  • directly contoured nonwoven products can be produced, e.g. for wound dressings, diapers, incontinence products or feminine hygiene products.
  • the deposition of the fibers can be further assisted by arranging a suction device on the side of the deposition screen opposite the deposition side, with which the incoming air is sucked off, whereby the fibers are deposited on the deposition side of the deposition screen and form a nonwoven bed, which can form a nonwoven product directly or after further processing.
  • a nonwoven web can be constructed as a nonwoven product.
  • a nonwoven product in particular a web-shaped nonwoven product
  • a subsequent processing step e.g. a bonding by calendering between two napped calendering rollers.
  • a bonding can also be carried out by other techniques that are generally established in the state of the art, e.g. by latex bonding, thermobonding, mechanical consolidation, water jet needling.
  • a sieve in general, can be understood as an element which is permeable to air, but not to the fibres, at least not to the majority of the fibres.
  • the starting fiber material to be defibrated which comprises fibers in bound form, from a fiber material that is endless in the manufacturing sense.
  • a fiber material is endless if it is actually finite, but allows a predetermined, in particular sufficiently long, continuous production period for the fleece production until the fiber material is changed.
  • Nonwoven manufacturers have therefore resorted to a starting fiber material in the form of a roll, so that the fiber material web can be unwound from such a roll and fed to the mill. At least over the length of the rolled-up web, this web can be described as endless in the technical sense, so that nonwoven production can be continuous or at least quasi-continuous. The length of such a web is usually more than 100 times longer than the width of the web.
  • fluff pulp In the field of nonwoven production from pulp, such roll-shaped wound pulp webs are known as so-called fluff pulp, which is produced by pulp suppliers specifically for nonwoven manufacturers in order to enable such a necessary continuous production process.
  • the fiber material web is defibrated using so-called hammer mills or disk mills.
  • Such mills have a large number of rotating hammers or disks to which the edge of the fiber material web is fed and from which the fibers are separated from the composite of the web-shaped fiber material.
  • this object is achieved in the method in that a fiber material, in particular a starting fiber material, preferably an industrially produced starting fiber material, which comprises bound fibers, preferably cellulose fibers, is broken down in a pre-shredding device into a pre-shredded fiber material that can be conveyed in an air stream and the pre-shredded fiber material is transferred to a buffer storage to form a pre-shredded fiber material supply, wherein the formed pre-shredded fiber material is removed from the pre-shredded fiber material supply with at least one removal device, preferably several removal devices operated in parallel, and fed in the air stream to the at least one mill.
  • a fiber material in particular a starting fiber material, preferably an industrially produced starting fiber material, which comprises bound fibers, preferably cellulose fibers
  • the object is also achieved with a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which further comprises a pre-shredding device with which a fiber material, in particular a starting fiber material, preferably an industrially produced starting fiber material which comprises bound fibers, can be broken down into a pre-shredded fiber material that can be conveyed in an air stream, and which has a buffer storage into which the pre-shredded fiber material can be transferred to form a pre-shredded fiber material supply, and which has at least one removal device, preferably several removal devices operated in parallel, with which pre-shredded fiber material can be removed from the fiber material supply, and which has at least one air flow channel through which the pre-shredded fiber material removed can be fed to the at least one mill in the air stream.
  • a pre-shredding device with which a fiber material, in particular a starting fiber material, preferably an industrially produced starting fiber material which comprises bound fibers, can be broken down into a pre-shredded fiber material that can be conveyed in an air stream, and which has a buffer storage into which the pre-
  • This procedure according to the invention offers the advantage that fiber material of any starting shape can be used, in particular even if this starting shape can no longer be described as endless or web-shaped in the sense described above.
  • the invention preferably achieves a transformation from a possibly non-continuous input of the original fiber material or starting fiber material into the production process to a demand-based, preferably at least substantially continuous supply of pre-shredded fiber material to a mill, which achieves the required defibration, in that a buffer storage is interposed in the process chain between the input of the original fiber material into the production process and the supply of pre-shredded fiber material to the mill, so that it is possible to feed non-continuously, but also to continuously supply the fiber material, but in any case to remove fiber material as needed, preferably at least substantially continuously, in order to feed the removed pre-shredded fiber material to the at least one mill.
  • Fiber material is understood to mean fibers that are bound together, in particular fibers that have not yet reached a degree of defibration that is suitable for laying in an air stream on a laying screen to form a nonwoven product.
  • the starting fiber material or original fiber material that is initially used in the invention and the pre-shredded fiber material formed from it in the buffer store thus form fiber material in this sense.
  • the fiber material pre-shredded according to the invention using the pre-shredding device is therefore not yet considered to be defibrated, and thus forms fiber clusters in which fibers are still bound, whereby the fiber clusters contain fewer fibers than the composite of the original fiber material but more than the fibers obtained after a mill.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material thus forms an intermediate stage in the defibration process, starting from the original fiber material or starting fiber material, which is fed into the process according to the invention, to the fibers which are deposited on the depositing screen in the air stream.
  • the invention can provide that a pre-shredding device is arranged at a height above the buffer storage, so that the pre-shredded fiber material falls into the buffer storage due to gravity, e.g. in free fall or via a chute. This makes further conveying devices between the pre-shredding device and the buffer storage unnecessary.
  • this procedure requires a special spatial arrangement of the two units in relation to one another.
  • the invention can preferably also provide that the pre-shredded fiber material is actively conveyed from the output of the pre-shredding device to the buffer storage. This can be done, for example, with a conveyor belt onto which the pre-shredded fiber material falls.
  • the transfer of the pre-shredded fiber material from the pre-shredding device into the buffer storage can also be carried out with an air flow, in particular which - preferably as in all air flow applications of the invention - is guided in a flow channel.
  • the invention can provide for a cluster size of fiber material to be achieved during the pre-shredding process, which can be conveyed freely in the air stream.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material preferably has a cluster size of less than 10 grams, preferably less than 5 grams.
  • the pre-shredding device and the buffer storage can also be arranged separately.
  • the removal from the buffer storage takes place by means of at least one removal device, preferably at least essentially continuously.
  • the continuity achieved which may deviate from the ideal case, is preferably at least such that in the subsequent process chain the fiber mass flow is made uniform, which is suitable for achieving a temporally uniform deposition on the depositing screen.
  • the fiber mass flow achieved according to the invention after a mill has a fluctuation of less than 15%, preferably less than 7%, more preferably less than 5%.
  • the invention also makes it possible to use removal devices which, due to their principle, do not carry out an ideally continuous removal of pre-shredded fibre material from the buffer storage.
  • the invention can provide that in a forming head mentioned at the beginning, which is also preferably used in the invention, due to a residence time of the fibers before exiting the forming head, a mixing and thus Homogenization of the fiber density takes place in the forming head. It can thus be provided that the volume of the mixing chamber of the forming head is selected depending on the removal device used, in particular on the quasi-continuity achieved, and thus the volume preferably produces a nonwoven product with a grammage fluctuation which is preferably less than 15%, more preferably less than 7%, even more preferably less than 5%.
  • the invention can also achieve a process-related homogenization of the fiber mass flow before the forming head.
  • the respective individual removal can be carried out with a removal device sufficiently quickly, in particular to fall below the aforementioned maximum fluctuation.
  • a required mass flow of fiber material can be controlled, for example, via the withdrawal quantity per withdrawal.
  • the withdrawal quantity per withdrawal can preferably be adjustable, e.g. by means of a control or regulation, in particular during ongoing operation.
  • the invention can also provide for several removal devices, in particular those which individually do not remove in an ideally continuous manner, to be operated in parallel.
  • the removal devices can preferably be controlled in such a way that they operate out of phase with one another, in particular in such a way that the individual non-continuous demand is at least substantially balanced across all removal devices, preferably so that the previously mentioned fluctuation in the fiber mass flow or the fleece product is not exceeded.
  • all removal devices controlled in this way convey the removed pre-shredded fiber material to the same mill.
  • a removal device can comprise, for example, a rotary valve.
  • a removal device can comprise a conveyor screw.
  • the invention can generally provide for the removal of pre-shredded fiber material from the buffer storage or from its removal area to be carried out volumetrically or gravimetrically, in particular to be controlled or regulated using a control/regulation system.
  • the speed or electrical power of a removal device can be influenced as a control variable for achieving a predetermined target value for the removal.
  • the invention advantageously provides that, as in the prior art, an endless web material can be used as the fiber material which is originally introduced into the production process chain, in particular which is fed to the pre-shredding device, in particular a fluff pulp web unwound from a roll.
  • the fiber material can also generally be considered endless if it is n times longer than wide, e.g. n>10, preferably n>100.
  • such a web is not fed directly to a mill as in the prior art, but first to the pre-shredding device.
  • sheet material in particular individual sheets, preferably kraft pulp sheets, can also be used as fiber material.
  • Such sheets can also be used if they have an embossing due to the manufacturing process, preferably because according to the invention the form in which the fiber material is fed to the pre-shredding device is not important.
  • fibre material can also be added which is actually used for the wet production of paper.
  • the invention also enables the use of fiber material formed as block goods/bale goods, in particular as continuously bound blocks/bales, preferably "flash dried pulp” or as a block/bale stacked from several sheets or as a web wound into a roll.
  • Rolls and blocks/bales stacked from sheets therefore do not have to be unrolled or pre-separated when the invention is used, but can also be fed to the pre-shredding device as a whole, just like continuously bound blocks/bales.
  • pre-shredding device is designed or suitable to process and shred such whole rolls, blocks or bales of fiber material.
  • Devices with which fibre material is separated from the composite of a starting fibre material by milling or cutting, e.g. from blocks or bales, which also include rolls, can also be used as pre-shredding devices.
  • the invention preferably provides that the fiber material, in particular as a whole block product/bale product, is fed non-continuously, in particular block by block/bale by bale, to the pre-shredding device.
  • An aforementioned roll is also considered a block.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material is removed from the buffer storage at least essentially continuously and fed to the at least one mill.
  • the invention can provide that more fiber material is fed to the buffer storage, particularly at least in a phase of increasing the fill level, over a predetermined period of time, either non-continuously or continuously, than is at least essentially continuously removed from the buffer storage in the same period of time. This ensures that the buffer storage does not run dry or become overfilled. Furthermore, according to the invention, it is not necessary to distribute the feed of fiber material to the pre-shredding device evenly over time, although this is also possible.
  • the buffer storage can thus run dry, for example, down to a lower minimum fill level before it has to be filled again. Filling can preferably be automated. For example, the fill level/height in the buffer storage can be measured (e.g.
  • optically, gravimetrically, etc. and the feed of starting fiber material can be controlled depending on a measured value that represents the fill level/height.
  • the starting fiber material can be automatically taken from a material supply and fed into the pre-shredding device.
  • the design of the buffer storage can preferably provide that it has an upper feed area which merges into at least one lower removal area, preferably into several parallel adjacent, preferably vertically extending
  • the buffer storage can, for example, have a base that has a corresponding number of extraction area openings according to the number of extraction areas.
  • the respective extraction area opening can form the lower end of a funnel-shaped base area.
  • a conveyor system in particular a rotating conveyor system, is arranged in the buffer storage, in particular on the floor, preferably above the at least one removal area opening, with which pre-shredded fiber material is actively conveyed in the direction of the at least one removal area opening.
  • a conveyor system can comprise several conveyor arms rotating about an axis.
  • a floor area of a buffer storage can also be flat.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material is compacted in a removal area, e.g. at least compacted by gravity. This can be done, for example, by having pre-shredded fiber material lying from above rest on the fiber material lying further down in the removal area and causing compaction with its weight.
  • an actuator provided in the removal area.
  • such an actuator can be moved intermittently, e.g. in the manner of a ram, preferably from top to bottom, into the removal area and thus actively compact the pre-shredded fiber material located therein, preferably downwards.
  • a rotating screw can also be provided in the removal area, which carries out a compaction in the direction of one of its ends, preferably in the direction of a lower end.
  • the removal area can also be designed to deviate from a vertical extension.
  • the invention provides that the compacted pre-shredded fiber material is removed at the end, preferably the lower end, of the removal area of the buffer storage with the removal device assigned to the removal area and is fed to an air stream with which the transfer of the removed pre-shredded fiber material to the at least one mill takes place.
  • the invention can be used with various types of mills to defiber the pre-shredded fiber material.
  • a hammer mill or a disk mill with grinding segments can be used, in particular one that is actually intended to perform defibration of fiber material on the edge of a fed web facing the mill.
  • the fiber material can also be fed to such mills in a pre-shredded form, preferably with an air stream.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material is blown with the air flow through a flow channel that opens into the entrance area of the mill in front of the hammer or disk arrangement of the mill. If a fiber material bed of pre-shredded fiber material forms there, the fibers are removed from the fiber material bed or, if this is not the case, from the pre-shredded fiber material by the hammers or disks. It can be provided to form an air bypass with which the supplied air is guided around the mill, especially if a fiber material bed that obstructs the air flow forms, in particular in order to continue to use the air to convey the fibers released by the mill.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to use the mills established in the state of the art despite a feed that deviates from the intended operating mode.
  • Production chains downstream of the mills can thus also be designed in accordance with the state of the art, which simplifies the conversion of existing systems to the invention, since this can be done by including a buffer storage in the production chain upstream of the mill and only the feed to the mill needs to be converted to an air flow feed.
  • the invention can preferably also provide for the use of a whirlwind mill for defibrating the pre-shredded fiber material.
  • Such an eddy current mill is based on the principle of generating an air vortex in a mill housing, e.g. by means of a rotating rotor unit in a mill housing and introducing the pre-shredded fiber material into the vortex, whereby this is shredded by interaction with the rotor unit and by interaction with itself, i.e. collision of fiber clusters with one another.
  • the air flow with which the pre-shredded fiber material is fed to the eddy current mill also passes completely through the eddy current mill and is then used to convey the released fibers in the direction of the at least one forming head.
  • the invention can generally preferably provide for the air flow with which the pre-shredded fiber material is fed from the buffer storage to a mill to also be used to guide the fibers released from the mill to a forming head.
  • the feeding of pre-shredded fiber material into the eddy current mill can take place radially close to the rotor axis or in the radial center, whereby the fibers are blown out radially from the outside of the housing of the eddy current mill after the pre-shredded fiber material has been defibrated.
  • the air flow which carries the pre-shredded fiber material from the buffer storage to the eddy current mill not only passes through the latter, but preferably the eddy current mill itself is also operated or used as a conveying device for the air flow.
  • a possible embodiment in particular in connection with a whirlpool mill, but also with other types of mills, can provide that the air flow with which fibers are conveyed from the at least one mill to the screen conveyor track is greater than the air flow with which pre-shredded fiber material is conveyed from the buffer storage to the at least one mill.
  • a further air flow is added to the air flow which is passed through or past the mill and serves to supply fibre material to the mill, in particular before or after the mill.
  • Such an increase in the air flow rate may be necessary, for example, if a very large nonwoven product width is to be produced for which the air flow with which the pre-shredded fiber material is fed to the mill would not be sufficient.
  • an additional blower can be used, for example, to generate an air flow that is preferably added after the mill to the air flow that passes through or past the mill.
  • the air flow is increased, in particular by providing an intake opening on the inlet side of the whirlpool mill, through which an additional air flow is sucked in from the environment by the whirlpool mill in addition to the air flow with which the pre-shredded fiber material is fed and both air flow components are accelerated through the whirlpool mill.
  • a further development of the invention can provide that an operating parameter of the mill, in particular of a whirlpool mill, is set or regulated in such a way that speck-free fibres are produced, in particular depending on the quantity of fibres fed per unit of time and/or depending on the type of fibre.
  • a measuring device can advantageously be provided, in particular an optical measuring device, preferably for determining the number of specks per unit area or volume in the nonwoven product produced, wherein the operating parameters of the mill are adjusted depending on the measured value of the measuring device.
  • An operating parameter can be, for example, the speed, the power or a geometric size of the mill, e.g. a mechanical gap distance.
  • the invention can additionally provide that the nonwoven product produced is removed from the depositing screen and guided through two calendering rollers with a structured surface, preferably with dimples, whereby the fibers of the nonwoven product, preferably a web-shaped nonwoven product, are locally subjected to pressure and connected.
  • This makes it possible to bind the nonwoven product in the thickness direction without the use of a binding agent.
  • the nonwoven product can also be bound using other techniques that are generally known to those skilled in the art.
  • the invention enables a nonwoven product to be produced from fibers, preferably cellulose fibers, using any shape of the original fiber material and preferably from a fiber material that was not originally in web form, in particular not unwound from a roll, but rather the nonwoven product is preferably produced from a block-shaped/bale-shaped fiber material, in particular where a roll is also understood as a block or bale.
  • the invention uses an original fiber material (starting fiber material) made of cellulose fibers to be fed to the pre-shredding device.
  • starting fiber material other types of fiber of natural or artificial origin can also be used, to produce nonwoven webs from these types of fiber.
  • the invention also makes it possible to use starting fiber material for the production of nonwoven products that is not manufactured industrially as a web or as an "endless" web.
  • fiber materials made from the following fibers: hemp, straw, bamboo, poplar, eucalyptus, kraft pulp, but also banana, cocoa, siesal, etc.
  • the invention can be used generally to form nonwoven products from the following fibers: kraft pulp, hemp or eucalyptus pulp.
  • starting fibre material which is not produced as a web or as a web unwound from a roll proves to be suitable in any other starting form only when the process according to the invention is used to produce nonwoven products therefrom by laying the fibres in an air stream.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematically simplified representation of the method according to the invention and the device used for this purpose.
  • starting fiber material 3 is fed in any desired shape or form to a pre-shredding device 6 in order to produce pre-shredded fiber material 7 which is not yet immediately suitable for being laid in the air stream as a nonwoven product.
  • the fiber material 3 can be present as a block or bale 3a that has continuously bound fibers.
  • it can be flash-dried pulp.
  • the fiber material can be present as a block 3b of stacked sheets, as individual sheets 3c, as an "endless" web 3d or as an entire roll 3e of a wound web.
  • it is actually irrelevant which starting fiber material 3 is used.
  • the supply of starting fibre material 3 to the pre-shredding device 6, which works like a shredder with counter-rotating shredding shafts, can be carried out by means of a conveyor belt.
  • the fiber material 3 can also be thrown manually directly into the pre-shredding device.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material 7a reaches a buffer storage 8 through its upper region 8a solely by the effect of gravity and enters there into several removal regions 8b at the lower end of the buffer storage 8.
  • the pre-shredded fiber material 7a can be compacted and/or homogenized by gravity or with an actuator 13.
  • a fiber material supply 7a of pre-shredded fiber material is formed in the buffer storage 8, which can be removed again by removal devices 9 at the end of the removal area 8b.
  • Blowers 11 can generate an air flow 10, with which the removed pre-shredded fiber material 7 is conveyed to mills 4.
  • Mills 4 can be designed, for example, as hammer mills 4a or as disk mills 4b, which are actually intended to perform defibration at an edge of a web, but can also prove suitable for further defibrating fiber clusters conveyed in the air stream 10.
  • the air flow 10 can pass through the mills 4a, 4b or, if a fibre bed is created in front of the hammers/disks in the mill 4a, 4b which obstructs the air flow, can also be guided past the mill 4a, 4b in a bypass.
  • the air flow 10 can also be passed through the mill 4c and the whirlpool mill itself can be used as serve to drive the air flow and, if necessary, to draw in an additional air flow 14 from the environment, preferably on the inlet side.
  • the fibers 2 separated from the fiber clusters 7 are conveyed by the air flow into forming heads and are deposited via these onto the depositing screen 5, which can be designed, for example, as a running screen conveyor belt, and thereby form the nonwoven product, in particular a nonwoven web.
  • the removal from the air stream can be assisted by a suction device 16, which sucks the air from the side (bottom side) of the depositing sieve opposite to the depositing side.
  • the Figure 1 shows, by way of example, the use of an optical measuring device 15 on the lower depositing screen 5, with which the number of specks in the nonwoven product 1 produced can be recorded.
  • an optical measuring device 15 on the lower depositing screen 5, with which the number of specks in the nonwoven product 1 produced can be recorded.
  • it can be provided to control the mill, e.g. its power or speed, in order to minimize the number of specks, in particular to produce speck-free fibers in the mill 4 and thus also to produce speck-free nonwoven products 1.
  • the Figure 2 shows an execution that differs only in that it differs from the execution of the Figure 1 differs in that the conveyance of pre-shredded fiber material 7, which exits from the pre-shredding device 6, takes place actively, here e.g. with a conveyor belt.
  • the Figure 3 shows an embodiment that differs from the embodiment of the Figure 1 differs in that the conveyance of pre-shredded fiber material 7, which exits from the pre-shredding device 6, is carried out actively, here for example with an air flow which is generated by a blower 17. Furthermore, the Figure 3 an alternative embodiment of the buffer storage 8 with a conveyor system 18 arranged on its bottom with conveyor arms driven to rotate about a rotation axis in order to actively transport the fiber material 7a to the removal areas 8b The bottom of the buffer tank 8 is flat in comparison to the other versions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP23198174.7A 2022-10-18 2023-09-19 Procédé et appareil de fabrication d'un produit non tissé et produit non tissé fabriqué Pending EP4357503A1 (fr)

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DE102022127320.2A DE102022127320A1 (de) 2022-10-18 2022-10-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Vliesprodukts und hergestelltes Vliesprodukt

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EP4357503A1 true EP4357503A1 (fr) 2024-04-24

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EP (1) EP4357503A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3216386A1 (fr)
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2822188A1 (de) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-04 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung des transportes von trocken zerissenem oder trocken defibriertem zellulosematerial zu und/oder von einem vorratsbehaelter
EP0159618A1 (fr) 1984-04-27 1985-10-30 MIRA LANZA S.p.a. Appareil pour la distribution uniforme d'une matière fibreuse désintégrée sur une surface de formation d'une couche fibreuse dans des ateliers de fabrication de papier sec
JP2011149106A (ja) * 2010-01-19 2011-08-04 Duplo Seiko Corp 紙材供給装置および古紙再生処理装置
US20210372047A1 (en) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Fiber structure manufacturing apparatus and fiber structure manufacturing method

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT257428B (de) 1963-12-30 1967-10-10 Rex Asbestwerke Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung eines Asbestfaserflors
WO2008074665A1 (fr) 2006-12-16 2008-06-26 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non-tissé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2822188A1 (de) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-04 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung des transportes von trocken zerissenem oder trocken defibriertem zellulosematerial zu und/oder von einem vorratsbehaelter
EP0159618A1 (fr) 1984-04-27 1985-10-30 MIRA LANZA S.p.a. Appareil pour la distribution uniforme d'une matière fibreuse désintégrée sur une surface de formation d'une couche fibreuse dans des ateliers de fabrication de papier sec
JP2011149106A (ja) * 2010-01-19 2011-08-04 Duplo Seiko Corp 紙材供給装置および古紙再生処理装置
US20210372047A1 (en) * 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Fiber structure manufacturing apparatus and fiber structure manufacturing method

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CA3216386A1 (fr) 2024-04-18
US20240125024A1 (en) 2024-04-18
DE102022127320A1 (de) 2024-04-18

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