EP4336173A1 - Procédé de régulation ou de commande d'un four de fusion (1) et four de fusion (1), à savoir four à cuve, pour la fusion de métal - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation ou de commande d'un four de fusion (1) et four de fusion (1), à savoir four à cuve, pour la fusion de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4336173A1
EP4336173A1 EP23196637.5A EP23196637A EP4336173A1 EP 4336173 A1 EP4336173 A1 EP 4336173A1 EP 23196637 A EP23196637 A EP 23196637A EP 4336173 A1 EP4336173 A1 EP 4336173A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molten metal
metal
melting furnace
chamber
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23196637.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin MÖNIUS
Eduard Faschang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AMAG casting GmbH
Original Assignee
AMAG casting GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMAG casting GmbH filed Critical AMAG casting GmbH
Publication of EP4336173A1 publication Critical patent/EP4336173A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
    • G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/28—Arrangements of monitoring devices, of indicators, of alarm devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/02—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of single-chamber fixed-hearth type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
    • F27D27/005—Pumps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/20—Metals
    • G01N33/205—Metals in liquid state, e.g. molten metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N2021/8411—Application to online plant, process monitoring
    • G01N2021/8416—Application to online plant, process monitoring and process controlling, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a melting furnace, namely a shaft furnace, for melting metal, with at least one furnace chamber for receiving a metal melt pool, with at least one pump device in fluid communication with the furnace chamber, which pump device has at least one metal melt pump for pumping metal melt from the metal melt pool, and with a device for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS), which has a laser source for sending a pulsed laser beam onto the molten metal to generate a plasma of the material of the molten metal and which comprises a spectral analyzer for analyzing the radiation of the plasma to determine the composition of the molten metal.
  • LIBS laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
  • a melting furnace with a device for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS as an abbreviation for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy) is known in order to be able to record metallurgical measurement data based on the metal melt in the metal melt pool in the furnace chamber.
  • LIBS laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
  • gas bubbles are introduced into the metal melt pool at the bottom of the furnace chamber and used for the LIBS process.
  • the disadvantage of this measure is that it requires comparatively complex structural measures on the melting furnace and is relatively susceptible to contamination, which can reduce the stability of the device for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) or falsify its measurement results.
  • the invention therefore has the task of structurally changing a melting furnace in such a way that reliable laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) can be carried out in order to be able to control or regulate the melting furnace in an improved manner.
  • LIBS laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
  • the invention solves the problem set with regard to the melting furnace through the features of claim 1.
  • the pumping device By having the pumping device have an access opening higher than the molten metal and outside the furnace chamber, and the device for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS) acting on the molten metal through this access opening, the tapping of measurement data for the molten metal can be relocated to a comparatively accessible area of the melting furnace.
  • the pumping device of the LIBS device can also provide a representative sample of the molten metal in the furnace chamber, which guarantees the accuracy of the measurement. For example, a reliable estimate of a further development of the element concentrations can be made possible, which can be used for improved control/regulation of the melting furnace. According to the invention, not only can the construction of the melting furnace in the area of LIBS measurement data acquisition be simplified, but the accuracy of the LIBS measurement data acquisition can also be increased.
  • the construction can be further simplified if the pump device has a pump pocket, with the access opening being provided on the pump pocket, in particular on its cover.
  • the pump device has a charge well and/or a side well, with the access opening being provided on the charge and/or side well, in particular on its cover.
  • the access opening being provided on the charge and/or side well, in particular on its cover.
  • the device for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy preferably has a measuring lance which is designed to be movable towards the molten metal through the access opening, which makes reliable measurement data acquisition possible in the vicinity of the molten metal. This can further increase the quality of LIBS measurement data acquisition.
  • the measuring lance preferably tapers conically at its free end in order to minimize the contact surface on the measuring head of the measuring lance. This can further increase the stability of the LIBS facility.
  • the wall of the measuring lance preferably has a ceramic compound or consists of a ceramic compound in order to be able to withstand the comparatively high temperatures during measurement data acquisition.
  • the measuring head can be moved close to the molten metal, which can further improve the accuracy of LIBS measurement data acquisition.
  • the molten metal can be freed from floating contaminants, for example aluminum dross, if the measuring lance has at least one blow-out opening at the free end for a gas passed through the measuring lance.
  • the measuring lance must also be cooled with the gas passed through it to increase its stability.
  • the measuring lance is hollow, this can make it easier to provide optical components that are connected, for example, to the laser source and/or the spectrum analyzer.
  • the pump device is in fluid communication with its inlet and outlet on the furnace chamber for circulating or circulating the molten metal of the molten metal pool in the furnace chamber.
  • This allows an extremely precise conclusion to be drawn about the molten metal in the molten metal pool of the furnace chamber. The measurement accuracy can thus be further increased.
  • the pump device is in fluid communication with its inlet on the furnace chamber and its outlet on the shaft chamber of the melting furnace for the entry of molten metal into the shaft chamber. This results in further increased structural simplicity.
  • the pump device is designed to circulate the molten metal of the molten metal bath.
  • the pump device can thus ensure, for example, homogenization of the molten metal in the melting furnace.
  • the shaft chamber has a shaft with a column made of metal to be melted.
  • the metal to be melted is applied to the top of this column in the shaft.
  • the invention also has the task of improving a method for controlling or regulating a melting furnace in order to be able to precisely produce a semi-finished product with a specified target composition.
  • the invention solves the problem set for the method with the features of claim 10.
  • the analysis can be further improved if the measuring lance is advanced through the access opening to the molten metal at a distance from it, the molten metal is exposed to gas flowing through the measuring lance, and the plasma of the material of the molten metal is generated with the pulsed laser beam running through the measuring lance . In this way, the control and/or regulation of the melting furnace can be further improved.
  • the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy is calibrated on a reference sample with a known composition in order to further improve the control and/or regulation of the melting furnace.
  • the method according to the invention can be particularly suitable for producing a semi-finished product, in particular made of an aluminum alloy, from the molten metal removed from the melting furnace.
  • a melting furnace 1 namely a shaft furnace, for melting, preferably immersion melting, of metal, preferably non-ferrous metals, is shown schematically.
  • Scrap in particular aluminum scrap, is preferably also remelted.
  • the melting furnace 1 is heated with a burner system, not shown.
  • Melting furnace 1 is an aluminum shaft melting furnace.
  • This multi-chamber, namely three-chamber, shaft furnace 1 has a furnace chamber 2 as the main chamber 3 and a shaft chamber 4 for metal supply as well as a secondary chamber 5 between the shaft chamber 4 and the furnace chamber 2.
  • a metal melt pool 6 which extends into the shaft chamber 4 via the secondary chamber 5.
  • a baffle 20 is provided between the furnace chamber 2 and the secondary chamber 5.
  • a shaft wall 24 is provided between shaft chamber 4 and secondary chamber 5.
  • a first and a second pump device 7a and 7b are in fluid communication with the furnace chamber 2.
  • the two pump devices 7a, 7b have metal melt pumps 8a to 8d for pumping the metal melt 9 from the metal melt pool 6.
  • the pump devices 7a, 7b serve to circulate the metal melt 9 of the metal melt pool 6. This circulation serves, for example, to homogenize the metal melt 9 of the metal melt pool 6.
  • the first pump device 7a is applied Fig. 1 discussed in more detail.
  • This first pump device 7a conveys the metal melt 9 back into the metal melt pool 6.
  • the first pump device 7a is in fluid connection with an inlet and an outlet 2a, 2b on the furnace chamber 2. This means that the molten metal 9 of the molten metal bath 6 is in the furnace chamber 2 in the direction of flow (cf. Fig. 1 , arrow direction).
  • the melting furnace 1 has a device 10 for laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIBS).
  • LIBS device 10 is provided with a laser source 11 and a spectral analyzer 12.
  • the laser source 11 serves to send a pulsed laser beam 11a onto the molten metal 9 in order to generate a plasma of the material of the molten metal 9.
  • the spectral analyzer 12 analyzes the radiation of the plasma generated and uses this to determine the composition of the molten metal 9.
  • the LIBS process is not carried out on the molten metal 9 in the furnace chamber 2, but outside this furnace chamber 2.
  • the pump device 7a, 7b has an access opening 13 arranged higher than the metal melt 9 (i.e. above its level) and outside the furnace chamber 2.
  • This access opening 13 is preferably arranged directly above the molten metal 9, as in the Fig. 2 to recognize.
  • the LIBS device 10 now acts on the molten metal 9 through the access opening 13 in order to carry out the measurement. This means that the LIBS device 10 is protected from the adverse conditions in the oven chamber 2 and can carry out the measurement accurately and stably.
  • the molten metal 9 at the two pump devices 7a and 7b is also a comparatively representative sample of the furnace chamber 2 due to the direct removal from the furnace chamber 2, which increases the accuracy in determining the state of the melt in the furnace chamber 2.
  • the alloy composition is determined using the LIBS process and stored and made available in a corresponding system.
  • the number of element determinations can occur several times per second.
  • this data is then output directly and, on the other hand, it is linked to the data of the material used, so that a statement about the further development of the element concentrations in the metal melt 9 of the metal melt pool 6 is made possible.
  • the actual alloy composition can be adapted to a required target alloy composition, for example by means of a material to be further supplied to the metal melt 9.
  • a precise compositional production of semi-finished products is possible with such a regulation or control of the melting furnace 1.
  • the first pump device 7a has a pump pocket 14 on the metal melting pump 8d.
  • the access opening 13 is also provided there, namely on the removable cover 14a of the pump bag 14.
  • the access opening 13 can be opened and closed with a closure 13a.
  • the LIBS device 10 can move close to the molten metal 9, it has a ceramic measuring lance 16 with a measuring head 17 connected to it and mounted in a heat protection housing.
  • the measuring lance 16 is conical at the free end 16a.
  • the measuring lance 16 has a measuring head 17 at the other end 16b, which is connected to the laser source 11 and the spectral analyzer 12 via a light guide 18 - which is in the Fig. 2 is shown schematically.
  • An optics 19 is also provided in the measuring head 17, for example for focusing the transmitted laser beam 11a and/or for recording the plasma light.
  • the measuring lance 16 is designed to be vertically movable through the access opening 13 onto the molten metal 9 - as in Fig. 2 too implied.
  • the LIBS device 10 is able to independently adjust the distance to the molten metal 9, for example through distance regulation or control, in order to ensure permanent focusing of the laser beam 11a.
  • gas 25 can be inflated onto the molten metal 9 at the free end 16a of the measuring lance 16 via the central opening 26, through which the laser beam 11a also emerges, in order to force floating contaminants away from the measuring point and thus remove them. Cooling is also possible using the gas. This always ensures an accurate analysis.
  • An adaptation to the different filling levels is carried out, for example, by using displacement elements which position the LIBS device 10 based on the measured furnace filling level.
  • Focusing over the entire fill level range of molten metal 9 in the pump device 7, for example in the pump pocket 14, charge well 23 or side well 15, can be achieved by arranging the entire LIBS device 10 on a vertically and horizontally movable platform , which is attached near the melting furnace 1 or directly to the melting furnace 1, which was not shown in the figures.
  • a validation station 21 with a reference sample 22 of known composition is provided - see here Fig. 3 .
  • a reference sample 22 of known composition is provided - see here Fig. 3 .
  • the second pump device 7b can also have a side-well 15, for example between the metal melting pumps 8a, 8b and 8c.
  • the side-well 15 can be used, for example, to remove oxidic accumulations from the melting process.
  • An alternative access opening 13 for LIBS measurement data acquisition is provided, for example, on the side-well 15, namely on the cover 15a.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
EP23196637.5A 2022-09-09 2023-09-11 Procédé de régulation ou de commande d'un four de fusion (1) et four de fusion (1), à savoir four à cuve, pour la fusion de métal Pending EP4336173A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22194945 2022-09-09

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EP4336173A1 true EP4336173A1 (fr) 2024-03-13

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EP23196637.5A Pending EP4336173A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2023-09-11 Procédé de régulation ou de commande d'un four de fusion (1) et four de fusion (1), à savoir four à cuve, pour la fusion de métal

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2154315A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-04 British Steel Corp Improvements in or relating to the analysis of materials
WO1999050466A1 (fr) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-07 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Systeme d'immersion de mitraille pour puits de chargement/fusion de mitraille de four
EP1146304A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-17 Hertwich Engineering GmbH Four à deux chambres pour la fusion par immersion de déchets d'alumium contaminés
WO2010081807A1 (fr) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-22 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw Tête de mesure de type libs pour l'analyse de composés dans un environnement poussiéreux et/ou à haute température
US20110222057A1 (en) * 2008-11-14 2011-09-15 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas Method and device for measuring a chemical composition of a liquid metal suitable for coating a steel strip
EP3023771A1 (fr) * 2013-07-15 2016-05-25 Shenyang Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Dispositif et procédé de détection en ligne in situ pour un constituant métallique liquide métallurgique à longue distance
DE102017104241A1 (de) * 2017-03-01 2018-09-06 Gautschi Engineering Gmbh Mehrkammerschmelzofen und Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Nichteisenschrott

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2154315A (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-09-04 British Steel Corp Improvements in or relating to the analysis of materials
WO1999050466A1 (fr) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-07 Metaullics Systems Co., L.P. Systeme d'immersion de mitraille pour puits de chargement/fusion de mitraille de four
EP1146304A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-17 Hertwich Engineering GmbH Four à deux chambres pour la fusion par immersion de déchets d'alumium contaminés
US20110222057A1 (en) * 2008-11-14 2011-09-15 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Sas Method and device for measuring a chemical composition of a liquid metal suitable for coating a steel strip
WO2010081807A1 (fr) * 2009-01-15 2010-07-22 Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques Asbl - Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie Vzw Tête de mesure de type libs pour l'analyse de composés dans un environnement poussiéreux et/ou à haute température
EP3023771A1 (fr) * 2013-07-15 2016-05-25 Shenyang Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Dispositif et procédé de détection en ligne in situ pour un constituant métallique liquide métallurgique à longue distance
DE102017104241A1 (de) * 2017-03-01 2018-09-06 Gautschi Engineering Gmbh Mehrkammerschmelzofen und Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Nichteisenschrott

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry", 15 January 2003, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, ISBN: 978-3-527-30673-2, article GRZELLA JÖRG ET AL: "Metallurgical Furnaces", pages: 693 - 736, XP055837395, DOI: 10.1002/14356007.b04_339 *

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