EP4263904A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrolyse - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrolyseInfo
- Publication number
- EP4263904A1 EP4263904A1 EP21836144.2A EP21836144A EP4263904A1 EP 4263904 A1 EP4263904 A1 EP 4263904A1 EP 21836144 A EP21836144 A EP 21836144A EP 4263904 A1 EP4263904 A1 EP 4263904A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- anode
- electrolytic cell
- reduced
- catholyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
- C25B15/025—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production of electrolyte parameters
- C25B15/029—Concentration
- C25B15/031—Concentration pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
- C25B15/083—Separating products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/25—Reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for electrolysis, in particular for the production of hydrogen.
- Hydrogen is usually stored and transported under high pressure. For example, a pressure of 700 bar can be used for mobile applications. Therefore, when hydrogen is produced by electrolysis, compression is often required. However, mechanical compression is complex, expensive and inefficient. Methods are therefore known from the prior art with which hydrogen can be produced during electrolysis under a pressure of, for example, 50 bar. The effort for a subsequent compression of the hydrogen is reduced as a result. The construction of the electrolysis apparatus becomes more expensive as the pressure increases. In addition, gas cross-permeation through the membrane of the electrolytic cell increases with increasing pressure, which reduces efficiency.
- the gases generated during electrolysis such as oxygen and hydrogen, are separated from the electrolyte in gas separators.
- the electrolyte can then be reused.
- the object of the present invention is to produce hydrogen in a simple and efficient manner under high pressure.
- a method for electrolysis is presented, an anolyte being brought into contact with an anode and a catholyte being brought into contact with a cathode is brought, wherein the anolyte contains hydroxide ions and the catholyte contains an adjuvant, wherein an electric voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode, so that the hydroxide ions in the anolyte are oxidized at the anode and the adjuvant in the catholyte is reduced at the cathode, and wherein H 2 O and the reduced adjuvant are contacted with a catalyst such that the reduced adjuvant is oxidized and the H 2 O is converted to hydrogen.
- the hydrogen obtained can be used as an energy carrier, for example to drive motor vehicles.
- the process can be understood as a process for producing hydrogen under pressure.
- Oxygen is produced as a by-product.
- the hydrogen is not produced directly by electrolysis. Instead, electrolysis is performed using an adjuvant that is reduced during electrolysis.
- the hydrogen is then obtained through a chemical reaction in which the auxiliary also participates.
- the hydrogen is only obtained indirectly through electrolysis. This takes place in a reactor which is preferably designed as a high-pressure reactor.
- the reactor preferably represents a catalytic gas separator.
- Electrolysis is performed with hydroxide ions (OH) in the anolyte and an adjuvant in the catholyte.
- An anolyte is a substance that is brought into contact with the anode during electrolysis. Under a catholyte is to understand a substance that is brought into contact with the cathode during electrolysis.
- the anolyte and catholyte are preferably liquids.
- the catholyte contains an excipient.
- the auxiliary can be ions.
- the catholyte can be water containing the adjuvant ions.
- the excipient is present as an aqueous solution.
- the excipient is part of a redox couple that can be reversibly oxidized and reduced.
- the term reduction refers - as is common practice - to a chemical reaction in which one or more electrons are accepted by an atom, ion or molecule.
- the reduced excipient is obtained from the excipient by reduction.
- the auxiliary substance is formed by atoms or ions, the oxidation state of the auxiliary substance changes as a result of the reduction.
- the reduction does not have to be accompanied by a change in the oxidation state. Nevertheless, in the case of molecules, it is also said that the reduced auxiliary substance is obtained from the auxiliary substance by reduction - i.e. by taking up electrons.
- oxidation is defined as a chemical reaction in which one or more electrons are lost from an atom, ion, or molecule.
- the anolyte is contacted with the anode and the catholyte is contacted with the cathode. This is preferably done by flushing the anolyte or the catholyte along the respective electrode.
- the anode and the cathode are preferably part of an electrolytic cell. This means that the anode and the cathode belong to the same electrolytic cell.
- an electrical voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode.
- the magnitude of the electrical voltage is preferably selected in such a way that the hydroxide ions are oxidized at the anode and the auxiliary substance is reduced at the cathode.
- H 2 O and the auxiliary substance reduced during electrolysis at the cathode are brought into contact with a catalyst.
- the catalyst is preferably formed from platinum.
- the H 2 O can be in the form of liquid water or water vapor.
- the catholyte can be an aqueous solution, so that H 2 O and the reduced adjuvant can be contacted with the catalyst by contacting the catholyte with the catalyst.
- H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary are preferably brought into contact with the catalyst in such a way that catholyte is conducted with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary into a container (which can in particular be designed as a catalytic gas separator) which is fitted with a catalyst .
- the catalyst In the electrocatalytic process taking place on the catalyst in the gas separator, the catalyst also serves as an anode for the oxidation of the reduced auxiliary and as a cathode for the reduction of the H 2 O.
- the fact that the reduced auxiliary is oxidized means that the auxiliary is obtained again from the reduced auxiliary becomes.
- the previously reduced auxiliary is oxidized again.
- the auxiliary substance oxidized by the chemical reaction on the catalyst can be reused and reduced again by electrolysis.
- the auxiliary is preferably used in a circuit, the auxiliary being alternately reduced by electrolysis and recovered by oxidation on the catalyst in the gas separator. With the electrons released by the oxidation of the reduced auxiliary, H 2 O can be converted to hydrogen.
- the auxiliary and the material of the catalyst are preferably chosen so that the reaction on the catalyst proceeds spontaneously.
- the reaction according to equation (1) takes place at the anode; the reaction according to equation (2) takes place at the cathode.
- Any substance with which a reaction according to equation (2) is possible is particularly suitable as an auxiliary substance.
- the auxiliary is a unipositive ion, which becomes a neutral atom by reduction.
- the auxiliary can also have a different initial charge and/or absorb a different number of electrons during the reduction.
- An example of a reaction according to Equation (2) is
- Hydrogen in particular is formed by the reaction according to equation (3). This can be done under high pressure.
- the reaction of equation (4) is the inverse of the reaction of equation (2).
- the catalyst is preferably applied to a catalyst bed, which can be formed, for example, from porous ceramics, a carbon fleece or a metal grid, for example from silver.
- the catalyst bed is preferably arranged such that, in use, it is in contact with the liquid catholyte. Gaseous hydrogen can be formed on the catalyst. This can rise as gas bubbles in the liquid catholyte. As a result, the catholyte can be mixed so that fresh catholyte continuously reaches the catalyst.
- the adjuvant and the reduced adjuvant form a redox couple with a negative potential with respect to a reversible hydrogen electrode. This is particularly preferred where the catholyte has a pH greater than 12.
- a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) is regularly used as a reference for electrochemical processes.
- numerous hydroxyquinones with a potential lower than that of the reversible hydrogen electrode are available.
- the auxiliary is suitable for reversible hydrogen uptake and hydrogen release. This is particularly the case in the preferred case in which the excipient is formed by quinones.
- the group of quinones includes organic compounds of crossed cyclically conjugated diketones.
- the auxiliary is preferably formed by hydroxyquinones.
- the reaction according to equation (5) is identical to the reaction according to equation (1) above and takes place at the anode; the reaction according to equation (6) takes place at the cathode.
- any substance comprising quinone molecules with which a reaction according to equation (6) is possible is particularly suitable as an auxiliary substance. According to Equation (6), these do not change their oxidation state as would be the case with ions. Nevertheless, the auxiliary with the absorbed hydrogen C,auxiliary-H 2 ”) is referred to as a "reduced auxiliary" because it has emerged from the auxiliary by the reduction according to equation (6).
- the following reactions take place on the catalyst:
- Hydrogen in particular is formed by the reaction according to equation (7), which is identical to the reaction according to equation (3) above. This can be done under high pressure.
- the reaction of equation (8) is the inverse of the reaction of equation (6).
- the protons bound by the auxiliary in the reaction according to Equation (6) are released again by the reaction according to Equation (8) and bound in H 2 O.
- the auxiliary takes up protons during the reduction and/or the auxiliary gives off protons during the reduction hydroxide ions off. This is the case, for example, with hydroxyquinones, as equation (6) shows.
- the anode is arranged in an anode space of an electrolytic cell
- the cathode is arranged in a cathode space of the electrolytic cell
- the catalyst is arranged in a gas separator connected to the cathode space.
- the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary is preferably present in the liquid state in the cathode space. If the reduced auxiliary is ions, these can be present as an aqueous solution.
- the catholyte with H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary can therefore be a liquid which can be conducted from the cathode space into the gas separator.
- the hydrogen can be formed as described on the catalyst in the gas separator, in particular in the gaseous state. The hydrogen formed in this way can be separated in the gas separator.
- the gaseous hydrogen can be discharged via a gas outlet on the upper side of the gas separator, while the liquid catholyte with the recovered auxiliary can be removed from a liquid outlet arranged on the lower side of the gas separator, for example to be fed back to the cathode space.
- the gas separator preferably has an inlet for the catholyte. The inlet can be arranged at any point of the gas separator.
- the achievable hydrogen pressure can be higher when the temperature in the gas separator is low. It is therefore preferred that the gas separator has cooling.
- the cooling can use ambient air and/or cooling water for cooling, for example.
- the anode compartment and the cathode compartment are separated from one another by a membrane which is permeable to hydroxide ions.
- hydroxide ions can be formed from water at the cathode. The hydroxide ions formed in this way can pass through the membrane from the cathode compartment into the anode compartment and be oxidized there as described.
- H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary are continuously introduced into the gas separator and gaseous hydrogen is continuously removed from the gas separator.
- the gas separator preferably has a pressure regulator at the gas outlet, via which the hydrogen can be removed at a predetermined pressure.
- the predetermined pressure is preferably in the range between 300 and 600 bar.
- the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary can be pumped into the gas separator, for example via a pump. This makes it possible for the electrolysis to be operated at low pressure and for the hydrogen to be produced at high pressure. This avoids the problems of high-pressure electrolysis known from the prior art.
- H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary are fed into the gas separator discontinuously and gaseous hydrogen is withdrawn discontinuously from the gas separator.
- the following steps can be carried out: a) introducing the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary into the gas separator, b) sealing the gas separator, c) removing the hydrogen formed in the gas separator and the catholyte with the auxiliary substance recovered after the pressure in the gas separator has reached a specified limit value.
- Step a) can be carried out under the pressure that is present in the cathode compartment of the electrolytic cell. This pressure is preferably in the range from 0.5 to 5 bar.
- the gas separator is preferably completely closed, so that the pressure in the gas separator increases due to the gaseous hydrogen formed on the catalyst. So a connection between the gas separator and the cathode space and the gas outlet and the liquid outlet of the gas separator are preferably closed, for example by a respective valve.
- step c) the hydrogen on the one hand and the catholyte with the recovered auxiliary on the other hand can be removed simultaneously or in any order one after the other. Steps a) to c) are preferably carried out cyclically.
- H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary are introduced into the gas separator partly continuously and partly discontinuously, and gaseous hydrogen is removed partly continuously and partly discontinuously from the gas separator.
- This embodiment is a mixture of the two previously described embodiments.
- This can be realized, for example, in that the catholyte with H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary is introduced into the gas separator with alternating pressure and the hydrogen produced is removed from the gas separator with alternating pressure.
- the catholyte with H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary is introduced continuously into the gas separator to the extent that a basic flow is permanently present.
- the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary is fed into the gas separator discontinuously to the extent that the flow is temporarily greater than the basic flow, i.e. it can be interpreted as the sum of the basic flow and an additional flow.
- the introduction of the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary and the removal of the hydrogen formed are preferably synchronized with one another.
- the anolyte has a pH greater than 12, in particular greater than 13.5.
- a high pH means that hydroxide ions are present in the anolyte. These can be oxidized at the anode as described. It is particularly preferred that the anolyte has a pH of 14 or greater.
- the specification of the pH value of the anolyte refers to how the anolyte is present before the start of the electrolysis.
- a method of electrolysis wherein an anolyte is contacted with an anode of a first electrolytic cell and a first catholyte is contacted with a cathode of the first electrolytic cell, the anolyte containing hydroxide ions and the first catholyte contains a first additive, wherein an electrical voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode of the first electrolytic cell so that the hydroxide ions in the anolyte are oxidized at the anode of the first electrolytic cell and the first additive in the first catholyte is reduced at the cathode of the first electrolytic cell , wherein the first catholyte with the first reduced excipient is contacted with an anode of a second electrolytic cell and a second catholyte is brought into contact with a cathode of the second electrolytic cell, the second catholyte containing a second excipient, with an electrical voltage is applied between the
- an anolyte containing hydroxide ions is contacted with an anode (here the first electrolytic cell) and a catholyte (here the second catholyte) is brought into contact with a cathode (here the second electrolytic cell).
- the (second) catholyte contains an auxiliary (here the second auxiliary).
- H 2 O and the reduced (second) excipient are reacted with one another so that the reduced (second) excipient Substance is oxidized and from the H 2 O hydrogen is formed.
- This reaction is preferably carried out using a catalyst. It is therefore preferred that H 2 O and the reduced second auxiliary are brought into contact with a catalyst, so that the reduced second auxiliary is oxidized and hydrogen is formed from the H 2 O.
- the difference between the method described here and the method described above is that the hydrogen is produced not only using one auxiliary substance, but using two auxiliary substances.
- a further pair of cathode and anode is connected between the process of the method described above.
- a respective electric voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode of the first electrolytic cell and between the anode and the cathode of the second electrolytic cell. This can be done by connecting the anode of the first electrolytic cell and the cathode of the second electrolytic cell to a voltage source and by connecting the cathode of the first electrolytic cell and the anode of the second electrolytic cell to one another in an electrically conductive manner.
- the method described here has the practical advantage that signs of aging on the electrolytic cells are particularly low. This is particularly the case when the first electrolytic cell has nickel as the anodic catalyst (not to be confused with the catalyst used for hydrogen production).
- the iridium can dissolve over the operating time of the electrolytic cell and pass through the membrane of the electrolytic cell in the form of ions. This allows the iridium to deposit on the cathode. With increasing iridium deposition on the cathode, hydrogen evolution is favored over reduction of the excipient. The hydrogen would thus already be formed at the cathode, which means that the described advantages of separating electrolysis and hydrogen production could no longer be achieved. This type of aging of the electrolytic cell can be prevented with the method described here.
- the first excipient is preferably selected accordingly.
- the first excipient is preferably potassium ferrocyanide, in which the anion can change the oxidation state from +4 to +3.
- the second auxiliary is preferably formed by quinones, in particular by hydroxyquinones. In this case, the following reactions take place:
- reaction according to equation (9) takes place at the cathode of the first electrochemical cell.
- reaction of equation (10) results from the reactions of equations (5) and (9) as the overall reaction of the first electrochemical cell, with the hydroxide ions being provided via KOH.
- the following reaction equation takes place at the anode of the second electrochemical cell:
- a device for electrolysis with one of the methods described comprises an electrolytic cell with an anode compartment and an anode arranged therein, a cathode compartment and a cathode arranged therein, and a gas separator which is connected to the cathode compartment.
- the described advantages and features of the two methods described can be applied and transferred to the device, and vice versa. Both methods described are preferably carried out using the device described. If the device is to be used for the last-described method, the device has two electrolytic cells, each of which has an anode compartment and an anode arranged therein and a cathode compartment and a cathode arranged therein. The gas separator is connected to the cathode compartment of the second electrolytic cell.
- Fig. 1 a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for
- Fig. 2 a second embodiment of a device according to the invention for
- Fig. 3 a third embodiment of a device according to the invention for
- the device 1 shows a first embodiment of a device 1 for electrolysis.
- the device 1 has an electrolytic cell 7 .
- the electrolytic cell 7 has an anode compartment 5 with an anode 2 arranged therein and a cathode compartment 6 with a cathode 3 arranged therein.
- the anode compartment 5 and the cathode compartment 6 are separated from one another by a membrane 9 .
- the anode 2 and the cathode 3 are each connected to a voltage source.
- the device 1 has a gas separator 8 for the anode 2 and the cathode 3 .
- a catalyst 4 made of platinum is arranged in the cathodic gas separator 8 .
- the device 1 can be used to produce oxygen and hydrogen.
- an anolyte with hydroxide ions is brought into contact with the anode 2 by introducing the anolyte into the anode space 5 .
- a catholyte is brought into contact with the cathode 3 by introducing the catholyte into the cathode compartment 6 .
- the catholyte contains an adjuvant formed by hydroxyquinones.
- An electrical voltage is applied between the anode 2 and the cathode 3 via the voltage source. As a result, the hydroxide ions are oxidized at the anode 2; the auxiliary is reduced at the cathode 3 .
- the hydroxide ions formed at the cathode 3 can pass through the membrane 9 into the anode space 5 .
- the anolyte has a pH greater than 12.
- the hydroxide ions are provided, which are oxidized at the anode 2 .
- the catholyte in the Cathodic gas separator 8 is passed, H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary can be brought into contact with the catalyst 4.
- the reduced excipient is oxidized; hydrogen is formed from the H 2 O.
- the catholyte with the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary can be introduced continuously into the cathodic gas separator 8 .
- gaseous hydrogen can be continuously removed from the gas separator 8 .
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a device 1 for electrolysis.
- This device 1 is only described to the extent that it differs from the embodiment according to FIG.
- the device 1 according to FIG. 2 also has a buffer container 10 . It is thus possible to introduce the H 2 O and the reduced auxiliary into the gas separator 8 discontinuously and to remove the gaseous hydrogen from the gas separator 8 discontinuously.
- the device 1 has a first electrolytic cell 11 and a second electrolytic cell 14 .
- the first electrolytic cell 11 and the second electrolytic cell 14 each have an anode compartment 5 with an anode 12, 15 arranged therein and a cathode compartment 6 with a cathode 13,16 arranged therein.
- the anode compartment 5 and the cathode compartment 6 are each separated from one another by a membrane 9 .
- the anode 12 of the first electrolytic cell 11 and the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 are each connected to a voltage source.
- the cathode 13 of the first electrolytic cell 11 and the anode 15 of the second electrolytic cell 14 are electrically connected to one another.
- the device 1 has a gas separator 8 for the anode 12 of the first electrolytic cell 11 and the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 .
- a catalyst 4 made of platinum is arranged in the cathodic gas separator 8 .
- a buffer container 10 could also be connected between the second electrolysis cell 14 and the cathodic gas separator 8.
- the device 1 according to FIG. 3 can also be used to produce oxygen and hydrogen.
- an anolyte with hydroxide ions is brought into contact with the anode 12 of the first electrolytic cell 11 by introducing the anolyte into the anode space 5 of the first electrolytic cell 11 .
- a first catholyte is brought into contact with the cathode 13 of the first electrolytic cell 11 by introducing the first catholyte into the cathode compartment 6 of the first electrolytic cell 11 .
- the first catholyte contains ferrocyanine as the first excipient.
- An electrical voltage can be applied between the anode 12 of the first electrolytic cell 11 and the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 via the voltage source. This also results in an electrical voltage between the anode 12 and the cathode 13 of the first electrolytic cell 11.
- the hydroxide ions in the anolyte are oxidized at the anode 12 of the first electrolytic cell 11, with oxygen also being formed.
- the first auxiliary substance is reduced at the cathode 13 of the first electrolytic cell 11 .
- the first catholyte with the first reduced excipient is contacted with the anode 15 of the second electrolytic cell 14; a second catholyte is brought into contact with the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 .
- the second catholyte contains a second excipient formed by hydroxyquinones.
- the electrical voltage applied by the voltage source also results in an electrical voltage between the anode 15 and the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 .
- the reduced first auxiliary is oxidized at the anode 15 of the second electrolytic cell 14 and the second auxiliary at the cathode 16 of the second electrolytic cell 14 is reduced.
- the rest of the procedure is the same as in the embodiments according to FIG. 1 or 2.
- the auxiliary means that the electrolysis can be carried out under low pressure and hydrogen can still be obtained at high pressure. This simplifies the construction of the electrolytic cell and prevents efficiency-reducing cross-permeation of gas.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020133775.2A DE102020133775A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 | 2020-12-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Elektrolyse |
| PCT/EP2021/085381 WO2022128854A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-12-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrolyse |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4263904A1 true EP4263904A1 (de) | 2023-10-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21836144.2A Pending EP4263904A1 (de) | 2020-12-16 | 2021-12-13 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrolyse |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230383419A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4263904A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2023553325A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020133775A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022128854A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4317762A1 (de) | 2022-08-03 | 2024-02-07 | L 2 Consultancy B.V. | Tank und system zum speichern von druckgas. komprimierter wasserstoff, fahrzeug und system und verfahren zum zuführen von gas zu einem tank |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201416062D0 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-10-29 | Univ The Glasgow | Hydrogen generation |
| US20180023199A1 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | Utah State University | Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and biomass upgrading |
| GB201801170D0 (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-03-07 | Univ Court Univ Of Glasgow | Use of polyoxometalate mediators |
| DE102019104401A1 (de) | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-23 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Elektrolyseur und Verfahren zum Aufspalten von Wasser |
| US11203812B2 (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2021-12-21 | New York University | Methods and electrochemical cells for redox mediated hydrogen production |
| DE102019129071A1 (de) | 2019-08-20 | 2021-02-25 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Elektrolyseur und Verfahren zum Aufspalten von Wasser |
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2020
- 2020-12-16 DE DE102020133775.2A patent/DE102020133775A1/de active Pending
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2021
- 2021-12-13 EP EP21836144.2A patent/EP4263904A1/de active Pending
- 2021-12-13 US US18/032,616 patent/US20230383419A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-13 JP JP2023531603A patent/JP2023553325A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-13 WO PCT/EP2021/085381 patent/WO2022128854A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2023553325A (ja) | 2023-12-21 |
| DE102020133775A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
| US20230383419A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
| WO2022128854A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
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