EP4259573A1 - Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène - Google Patents
Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogèneInfo
- Publication number
- EP4259573A1 EP4259573A1 EP21840654.4A EP21840654A EP4259573A1 EP 4259573 A1 EP4259573 A1 EP 4259573A1 EP 21840654 A EP21840654 A EP 21840654A EP 4259573 A1 EP4259573 A1 EP 4259573A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- benzyltoluene
- formulation
- molar
- dibenzyltoluene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0015—Organic compounds, e.g. liquid organic hydrogen carriers [LOHC] or metalorganic compounds; Solutions thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of liquid formulations capable of transporting hydrogen, and more particularly the field of formulations based on benzyltoluene capable of transporting hydrogen.
- Hydrogen today represents an alternative to fossil, natural or electrical energy sources.
- the storage and transport of this energy source, hydrogen remains a major challenge for the rapid and accessible development of this energy source.
- the principle of this LOHC technology consists in fixing hydrogen on a support molecule, which is preferably and most often liquid at room temperature, in a hydrogenation step, then in releasing the fixed hydrogen, at near the place of consumption, in a dehydrogenation step.
- Patent EP2925669 thus shows the use of BT and/or DBT in LOHC technology, and describes the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation operations of these fluids for the storage and release of hydrogen.
- the sequence of cycles and the maintenance of performance are key points for the economic aspect of this technology.
- the hydrogen resulting from this LOHC technology finds uses in very many fields, such as for example in fuel cells, as well as in various industrial processes, or even as fuel for all means of transport, such as trains, ships, trucks, motor cars, planes, and others. Any impurity present in the hydrogen, even in trace amounts, could have a negative impact, both on the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation process in terms of yield, and on the quality of the products manufactured or even on the yields in end uses. hydrogen produced by this technique.
- LOHC fluid in the remainder of this presentation.
- benzyltoluene is a compound of choice, in particular because of its physico-chemical properties which are entirely compatible with the operations of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation and existing industrial preparation capacities.
- BT is a well-known compound, commercially available and the method of preparation of which is also well known to those skilled in the art.
- BT can easily be prepared by catalytic reaction of toluene with chlorotoluene, according to techniques now well known to those skilled in the art and in particular as described in patent EP0435737.
- the present invention relates to a liquid formulation based on benzyltoluene (BT) containing low levels of diphenylmethane (DPM).
- BT benzyltoluene
- DPM diphenylmethane
- diphenylmethane has a melting point (25° C.) much higher than that of benzyltoluene (-80° C.), but also of another LOHC fluid, dibenzyltoluene (-38.5° C.). VS). Consequently, the DPM can form a cloudiness or even precipitate, when it is present in too large quantities in the BT, which can prove to be annoying or even prohibitive, in particular during the operations of transport and transfer of the LOHC fluid through pipes. , pumps, valves and other equipment necessary for the use of said LOHC fluid envisaged in the present invention, and in particular during transport and during use in the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles.
- the present invention relates to a liquid formulation comprising:
- BT benzyltoluene
- DPM diphenylmethane
- the formulation according to the present invention is a liquid formulation at ambient temperature and pressure, that is to say at 25° C. and 1 atmosphere (1013 mbar or 1013 hPA).
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount equal to or greater than 50% by weight of BT, preferably equal to or greater than 60%, more preferably equal to or greater than 70%, better still equal to or greater than greater than 80% and quite preferably equal to or greater than 90% by weight of BT.
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount equal to or greater than 98% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT).
- the formulation according to the present invention preferably comprises benzyltoluene alone, or optionally with one or more other LOHC fluids as indicated below, that is to say without component other than DPM present in an amount less than 0, 5% molar.
- the formulation according to the invention comprises an amount at most equal to 99.99% by weight of BT, preferably at most equal to 99.95% by weight of BT, more preferably at most equal to 99.9% by weight of BT.
- the formulation may also comprise one or more other LOHC fluids well known to those skilled in the art, such as those derived from petroleum products and/or products synthesized from petroleum products, or even derived from petroleum products. renewables and/or products synthesized from renewable products. DPM is not considered to be an LOHC fluid of interest within the meaning of the present invention.
- Such other LOHC fluids are, for example and without limitation, those chosen from dibenzyltoluene (DBT), diphenylethane (DPE), ditolyl ether (DT), phenylxylylethane (PXE), mono- and bi-xylylxylenes, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-(1-phenyl-ethyl)naphthalene, di-isopropylnaphthalene, mono-isopropylbiphenyl, phenylethyl-phenylethane (PEPE) , N-ethylcarbazole, phenylpyridines, tolylpyridines, diphenylpyridines, dipyridylbenzenes, dipyridinetoluenes, as well as mixtures of two or more of them, in all proportions, to cite only the main organic fluids known and usable in the scope of the present invention.
- DBT dibenzylto
- the formulation comprises at least 50% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT), and dibenzyltoluene (DBT).
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- the formulation comprises from 70% to 80% by weight of BT and from 20% to 30% by weight of DBT (relative to the total weight of BT + DBT).
- the formulation comprises from 80% to 99.9% by weight of BT and from 0.1% to 20% by weight of DBT (relative to the total weight of BT + DBT), preferably the formulation comprises from 90% to 99.9% by weight of BT and from 0.1% to 10% by weight of DBT (based on the total weight of BT + DBT), and more preferably the formulation comprises from 90% to 99.5% by weight of BT and 0.5% to 10% by weight of DBT (based on the total weight of BT + DBT).
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount of less than 0.5% molar, preferably equal to or less than 0.4% molar, advantageously equal to or less than 0.3% molar, more preferably equal to or less than 0.1 mol% of DPM, relative to the total number of moles BT + DPM.
- DPM very often leads to numerous drawbacks, whether during the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation operations to which the LOHC formulations are subjected, but also in the hydrogen released during the dehydrogenation operations, hydrogen which may then not have the degree of purity required for the applications for which it is intended.
- the LOHC fluid formulations are particularly well suited to the transport of hydrogen, in the form of liquid, and in a safe manner, these formulations must ensure that the hydrogen, released during the step of dehydrogenation, a purity at least as great as that of the hydrogen used for the hydrogenation of the support.
- the hydrogen transported thanks to the formulation according to the present invention has a degree of purity that is entirely compatible in particular with applications such as, for example, fuel cells, and all other industrial applications requiring the use of high purity hydrogen, such as the electronics sector for the production of microprocessors, semiconductors, and others.
- the DPM is present in the formulation at a content of between 1 ppm molar and 0.5% molar, limits excluded, preferably greater than 1 ppm molar and equal to or less than at 0.3% molar, more preferably still greater than 1 ppm molar and equal to or less than 0.1% molar, relative to the total number of moles BT+DPM.
- the formulation according to the invention may further, although this does not form a preferred embodiment, comprise one or more additives and/or fillers well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, and in such a way non-limiting, selected from antioxidants, pigments, colorants, flavors, odor masking agents, viscosity modifiers, passivators, pour point depressants, decomposition inhibitors and mixtures thereof.
- additives and/or fillers well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, and in such a way non-limiting, selected from antioxidants, pigments, colorants, flavors, odor masking agents, viscosity modifiers, passivators, pour point depressants, decomposition inhibitors and mixtures thereof.
- antioxidants which can be advantageously used in the formulation of the invention, mention may be made, by way of non-limiting examples, of phenolic antioxidants, such as for example dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, tocopherols, as well as the acetates of these phenolic antioxidants.
- antioxidants of the amine type such as for example phenyl-o-naphthylamine, of the diamine type, for example N,N′-di-(2-naphthyl)-para-phenylenediamine, but also the acid ascorbic acid and its salts, esters of ascorbic acid, alone or in mixtures of two or more of them or with other components, such as for example green tea extracts, coffee extracts.
- the present invention relates to a formulation comprising:
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- the present invention relates to a formulation comprising: - an amount equal to or greater than 50%, preferably equal to or greater than 60%, more preferably equal to or greater than 70%, better still equal to or greater than 80% and most preferably equal to or greater than 90% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT), and
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- Benzyltoluene is a well-known compound, commercially available and the method of preparation of which is also well known to those skilled in the art.
- BT can easily be prepared by catalytic reaction of toluene with chlorotoluene, according to techniques now well known to those skilled in the art and in particular as described in patent EP0435737.
- the synthetic crudes of BT, but also the LOHC liquids based on BT having been engaged in hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles can thus contain variable amounts of DPM, as described above.
- the formulation according to the present invention can therefore be prepared, for example and typically, from these synthetic raw materials or liquid LOHCs based on BT, according to any method well known to those skilled in the art.
- Another method could consist in using a starting toluene of very high purity, in particular free or comprising only minute traces of benzene in order to minimize the formation of DPM.
- the “pure” BT formulation produced from this toluene ultra-pure would however be of a cost completely incompatible with use on an industrial scale.
- the formulation according to the present invention can advantageously be obtained from a synthetic crude of BT or a crude from distillation of BT or even from a formulation based on BT having already undergone a greater or lesser number of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles, by one or more treatment(s) on filtering agents and/or adsorbents.
- the filtering agents which can be used in the context of the present invention can be of all types and are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the filtering agents which have proved to be the most suitable are the adsorbent filtering agents, and more particularly the filtering agents comprising one or more compounds chosen from minerals based on silicates, carbonates, carbon, as well as mixtures of two or more of these minerals in all proportions.
- inorganic or organic filtering agents and in particular those chosen from clays, zeolites, diatomaceous earth, ceramics, carbonates, and carbon derivatives, as well as mixtures of two or more of them, in any proportion.
- filtering agents adsorbents and filter-adsorbents
- clays including silicates, and for example magnesium silicates, such as and without limitation, attapulgites, montmorillonites, selenites, bentonites, talcs, and others,
- carbonates for example of calcium and/or magnesium, and more particularly those known under the names of limestone or chalks,
- Silicates in particular clays and zeolites, have proved to be very particularly effective for the preparation of the formulation of the present invention. Silicates have in fact shown themselves to be particularly suitable for the elimination, or at least for the significant reduction of the quantities of DPM present in a formulation comprising an amount equal to or greater than 50% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT).
- BT benzyltoluene
- filtering agents advantageously usable for the preparation of the formulation of the present invention
- attapulgite Microsorb® 16/30 LVM from BASF (example of alumino-magnesian clay with the chemical formula (Mg, Al) 5 Si8O22(OH) 4 , SiC>2)
- Amcol Rafinol 900 FF from Minerals Technologies
- Amcol Rafinol 920 FF from Minerals Technologies
- Amcol Mineral Bent aluminum hydrosilicate
- Siliporite® in particular MK30B0 and MK30B2
- ARKEMA preparations based on zeolite of the alumino silicate type
- the filtering agent used for the preparation of the formulation according to the present invention is chosen from molecular sieves (also called “zeolitic adsorbents”), in particular molecular sieves allowing the adsorption , as selectively as possible, the DPM present in the formulation comprising at least 50% BT.
- molecular sieves also called "zeolitic adsorbents”
- zeolite adsorbent materials that is to say materials comprising one or more zeolites
- zeolite adsorbent materials are advantageously chosen from molecular sieves based on synthetic zeolites which, by virtue of their wide variety of preparation methods , a wide variety of parameters which can be finely adjusted, such as for example the thermal stability, the mechanical resistance or even the facilitation of regeneration, and this in order to meet the specific criteria required for the use of interest.
- zeolite adsorbent materials for use in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of natural or synthetic zeolites, and more particularly zeolite adsorbent materials chosen from natural zeolites, such as for example chabazite, and among synthetic zeolites, in particular LTA-type zeolites, FAU-type zeolites, EMT-type zeolites, MFI-type zeolites, and BEA-type zeolites.
- the preparation of the formulation according to the invention by treatment on a filtering agent and/or adsorbent, in particular on zeolite, has the great advantage of tolerating a greater variety of raw materials at acceptable costs while making it possible to provide a final product (the BT) of very high purity.
- a filtering agent and/or adsorbent in particular on zeolites, also makes it possible to eliminate all or part of one or more other impurities and undesired compounds inherently present in the preparation of BT, or produced during the numerous hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles of the formulation according to the present invention.
- a BT formulation containing amounts greater than 0.5% molar of DPM, typically 0.7%, 0.8% and 0.9% molar, is advantageously passed over a bed of zeolite adsorbent, typically in the form of zeolite crystals agglomerated with a binder, generally a clay.
- the zeolite crystals preferably comprise one or more cations, advantageously chosen from alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations, more specifically from lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium cations.
- Examples of zeolite adsorbents include, but are not limited to, zeolite adsorbents from the Siliporite® range sold by ARKEMA.
- the treatment on a bed of zeolite adsorbent can be carried out at any temperature, advantageously at a temperature between 5° C. and 80° C., typically around 40° C., and most often at atmospheric pressure, for obvious reasons. ease of the process, it being understood that the streams can be subjected to overpressures or depressions in order to promote and/or facilitate the passage of the stream through the bed of adsorbent.
- the treatment on zeolitic adsorbent described above makes it possible in particular to lower the DPM content in a BT formulation to values below 0.20% molar, better still below 0.15% molar, even better still below 0.10% molars.
- the present invention relates to the use of a formulation as defined above as LOHC fluid for the production of hydrogen comprising a low level of impurities and in particular for the production of hydrogen comprising a quantity less than 0.5 mol% of diphenylmethane, relative to the total number of moles H 2 + DPM.
- the hydrogen stored and then released during the dehydrogenation step is a high purity hydrogen, and in particular a hydrogen containing no or only negligible amounts of benzene.
- the hydrogen thus produced can therefore find uses in a very large number of applications, in particular for fuel cells, and all other industrial applications requiring the use of high purity hydrogen, such as the electronics sector for the production of microprocessors, semiconductors, and others.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2012922A FR3117114B1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d’hydrogène |
| PCT/FR2021/052222 WO2022123166A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4259573A1 true EP4259573A1 (fr) | 2023-10-18 |
Family
ID=74592185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21840654.4A Pending EP4259573A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230348263A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4259573A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023553230A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN115989190A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2021397854A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3180890A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3117114B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022123166A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2514024B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-11 | 1996-07-10 | 日本石油化学株式会社 | 新規な電気絶縁油組成物の製造方法 |
| FR2656603B1 (fr) | 1989-12-28 | 1993-05-21 | Atochem | Procedes de synthese de benzyltoluene et dibenzyltoluene a faible teneur en chlore. |
| FR2658813B1 (fr) * | 1990-02-27 | 1992-05-15 | Atochem | Composition a base de derives methyles et benzyles du diphenylmethane. son application comme dielectrique. |
| NO177820C (no) * | 1991-11-26 | 1995-11-29 | Atochem Elf Sa | Blanding på basis av benzyltoluener og benzylxylener og deres anvendelse som dielektrika |
| JP4907210B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2012-03-28 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 水素の貯蔵輸送システム |
| DE102012221809A1 (de) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-05-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Flüssige Verbindungen und Verfahren zu deren Verwendung als Wasserstoffspeicher |
| FR3008708B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-09-23 | Arkema France | Composition de fluide dielectrique ou caloporteur |
| DE102013223589B4 (de) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-11-17 | Hydrogenious Technologies Gmbh | Anlage und Verfahren zum Speichern von Energie |
| JP6244214B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2017-12-06 | 千代田化工建設株式会社 | 芳香族化合物の水素化システム及びこれを備えた水素貯蔵・輸送システム並びに芳香族化合物の水素化方法 |
| CN110040685B (zh) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-09-25 | 北京铂陆氢能科技开发有限公司 | 一种液态有机储氢材料 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 FR FR2012922A patent/FR3117114B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 JP JP2022572279A patent/JP2023553230A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-07 WO PCT/FR2021/052222 patent/WO2022123166A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-07 AU AU2021397854A patent/AU2021397854A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202180051481.7A patent/CN115989190A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-07 US US17/999,115 patent/US20230348263A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-07 CA CA3180890A patent/CA3180890A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-07 EP EP21840654.4A patent/EP4259573A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022123166A1 (fr) | 2022-06-16 |
| CA3180890A1 (fr) | 2022-06-16 |
| US20230348263A1 (en) | 2023-11-02 |
| AU2021397854A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
| CN115989190A (zh) | 2023-04-18 |
| FR3117114A1 (fr) | 2022-06-10 |
| FR3117114B1 (fr) | 2024-04-12 |
| JP2023553230A (ja) | 2023-12-21 |
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Owner name: ARKEMA FRANCE |