WO2022123165A1 - Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène - Google Patents
Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022123165A1 WO2022123165A1 PCT/FR2021/052221 FR2021052221W WO2022123165A1 WO 2022123165 A1 WO2022123165 A1 WO 2022123165A1 FR 2021052221 W FR2021052221 W FR 2021052221W WO 2022123165 A1 WO2022123165 A1 WO 2022123165A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- equal
- less
- ppm
- benzyltoluene
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrostilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 QWUWMCYKGHVNAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC=1C(C)=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GNPWYHFXSMINJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC(C)=C(C)C=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GNPWYHFXSMINJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FDLFMPKQBNPIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-3-(3-methylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 FDLFMPKQBNPIER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QTKIQLNGOKOPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;propane Chemical group CCC.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QTKIQLNGOKOPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IAUKWGFWINVWKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(propan-2-yl)naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(C)C)C(C(C)C)=CC=C21 IAUKWGFWINVWKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQCUSXPGMKCZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene Chemical compound C1CCC2=CC=CC=C2C1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HQCUSXPGMKCZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylpyridine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PDINXYLAVFUHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenylbutan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 PDINXYLAVFUHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PLAZXGNBGZYJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-ethylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 PLAZXGNBGZYJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005359 phenylpyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 2
- VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-dinaphthalen-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC=3C=CC(NC=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)=CC=3)=CC=C21 VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibutyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1CCCC SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;1,3,5,2,4,6$l^{2}-trioxadisilaluminane 2,4-dioxide;dihydroxide;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2].O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1.O=[Si]1O[Al]O[Si](=O)O1 UNYSKUBLZGJSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052676 chabazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020688 green tea extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019149 tocopherols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0015—Organic compounds; Solutions thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
- C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/066—Integration with other chemical processes with fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of liquid formulations capable of transporting hydrogen, and more particularly the field of formulations based on benzyltoluene capable of transporting hydrogen.
- Hydrogen today represents an alternative to fossil, natural or electrical energy sources.
- the storage and transport of this energy source, hydrogen remains a major challenge for the rapid and accessible development of this energy source.
- the principle of this LOHC technology consists in fixing hydrogen on a support molecule, which is preferably and most often liquid at room temperature, in a hydrogenation step, then in releasing the fixed hydrogen, at near the place of consumption, in a dehydrogenation step.
- Patent EP2925669 thus shows the use of BT and/or DBT in LOHC technology, and describes the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation operations of these fluids for the storage and release of hydrogen.
- the sequence of cycles and the maintenance of performance are key points for the economic aspect of this technology.
- the hydrogen resulting from this LOHC technology finds uses in very many fields, such as for example in fuel cells, as well as in various industrial processes, or even as fuel for all means of transport, such as trains, ships, trucks, motor cars, planes, and others. Any impurity present in the hydrogen, even in trace amounts, could have a negative impact, both on the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation process in terms of yield, and on the quality of the products manufactured or even on the yields in end uses. hydrogen produced by this technique.
- the present invention relates to a liquid formulation, based on benzyltoluene and containing very low levels of light hydrocarbons.
- This type of formulation makes it possible in particular to overcome all or part of the drawbacks noted in the prior art for LOHC fluids, by meeting in particular the requirements for storage, transport and removal of hydrogen, under optimal industrial and economic conditions, and in allowing the release, during the dehydrogenation step of said formulation, of hydrogen having a high purity, and in particular of hydrogen having a very low content of light hydrocarbons, these being particularly detrimental for the uses of hydrogen in a large number of applications, such as fuel cells for example.
- the present invention relates to a liquid formulation comprising: - an amount equal to or greater than 50%, preferably equal to or greater than 60%, more preferably equal to or greater than 70%, better still equal to or greater than 80% and most preferably equal to or greater than 90% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT), relative to the total weight of the formulation, and
- BT benzyltoluene
- the formulation according to the present invention is a liquid formulation at ambient temperature and pressure, that is to say at 25° C. and 1 atmosphere (1013 mbar or 1013 hPA).
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount equal to or greater than 50% by weight of BT, preferably equal to or greater than 60%, more preferably equal to or greater than 70%, better still equal to or greater than greater than 80% and quite preferably equal to or greater than 90% by weight of BT.
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount equal to or greater than 98% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT).
- the formulation according to the present invention preferably comprises benzyltoluene alone, or optionally with one or more other LOHC fluids as indicated below, that is to say without component other than impurities in the form of traces and in particular at least one light hydrocarbon (molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 ), present but in an amount equal to or less than 10 ppm by weight.
- the formulation according to the invention comprises an amount at most equal to 99.99% by weight of BT, preferably at most equal to 99.95% by weight of BT, more preferably at most equal to 99.9% by weight of BT.
- the formulation may also comprise one or more other LOHC fluids well known to those skilled in the art, such as those derived from petroleum products and/or products synthesized from petroleum products, or even derived from renewables and/or products synthesized from renewable products.
- Such other LOHC fluids are, for example and without limitation, those chosen from dibenzyltoluene (DBT), diphenylethane (DPE), diphenylmethane (DPM), ditolylether (DT), phenylxylylethane (PXE), mono- and bi-xylylxylenes, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-(1-phenylethyl)naphthalene, di-isopropylnaphthalene, mono-isopropylbiphenyl, phenylethylphenylethane (PEPE), N-ethylcarbazole, phenylpyridines, tolylpyridines, diphenylpyridines, dipyridylbenzenes, dipyridinetoluenes, as well as mixtures of two or more of them, in all proportions, to cite only the main organic fluids known and usable in the context of the present invention.
- DBT
- the formulation comprises at least 50% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT), and dibenzyltoluene (DBT).
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- the formulation comprises from 70% to 80% by weight of BT and from 20% to 30% by weight of DBT (relative to the total weight of BT + DBT).
- the formulation comprises from 80% to 99.9% by weight of BT and from 0.1% to 20% by weight of DBT (relative to the total weight of BT + DBT), preferably the formulation comprises from 90% to 99.9% by weight of BT and from 0.1% to 10% by weight of DBT (based on the total weight of BT + DBT), and more preferably the formulation comprises from 90% to 99.5% by weight of BT and 0.5% to 10% by weight of DBT (based on the total weight of BT + DBT).
- the formulation according to the present invention comprises an amount equal to or less than 10 ppm, preferably equal to or less than 5 ppm, more preferably equal to or less than 2 ppm by weight of at least one hydrocarbon of mass molar equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 . It has in fact been observed that hydrocarbons, and in particular so-called "light" hydrocarbons, and more precisely hydrocarbons with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 , very often lead to numerous disadvantages, whether during hydrogenation/dehydrogenation operations to which the LOHC formulations are subjected, but also in the hydrogen released during the dehydrogenation operations, hydrogen which may then not have the degree of purity required for the applications for which it is intended.
- Light hydrocarbons can in fact disrupt the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions, and typically by degradation and/or total or partial deactivation of at least some of the catalysts used, lower yields of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles, or any other effect disturbing the operating conditions of said hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles.
- the light hydrocarbons are present in the formulation at a content of between 0.01 ppm by weight and 10 ppm by weight, preferably between 0.01 ppm by weight and 5 ppm by weight. , more preferably between 0.01 ppm by weight and 2 ppm by weight.
- the light hydrocarbons are present in the formulation at a content of between 0.05 ppm by weight and 10 ppm by weight, preferably between 0.05 ppm by weight and 5 ppm by weight, more preferably still between 0.05 wppm and 2 wppm.
- the light hydrocarbons are present in the formulation at a content of between 0.1 ppm by weight and 10 ppm by weight, preferably between 0.1 ppm by weight and 5 ppm by weight, more preferably between between 0.1 ppm by weight and 2 ppm by weight.
- light hydrocarbons within the meaning of the present invention, is meant hydrocarbons with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 .
- hydrocarbons is meant, in general, hydrocarbon compounds in the broad sense and well known to those skilled in the art.
- Light hydrocarbons means hydrocarbon compounds with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 and comprising carbon, hydrogen and optionally one or more heteroatoms chosen from oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
- the light hydrocarbons are hydrocarbon compounds with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 and comprising 6, 7 or 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably the light hydrocarbons are those chosen from, without be limited to, benzene and toluene.
- the formulation according to the invention may further, although this does not form a preferred embodiment, comprise one or more additives and/or fillers well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, and in such a way non-limiting, selected from antioxidants, pigments, colorants, flavors, odor masking agents, viscosity modifiers, passivators, pour point depressants, decomposition inhibitors and mixtures thereof.
- additives and/or fillers well known to those skilled in the art, and for example, and in such a way non-limiting, selected from antioxidants, pigments, colorants, flavors, odor masking agents, viscosity modifiers, passivators, pour point depressants, decomposition inhibitors and mixtures thereof.
- antioxidants which can be advantageously used in the formulation of the invention, mention may be made, by way of non-limiting examples, of phenolic antioxidants, such as for example dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, tocopherols, as well as the acetates of these phenolic antioxidants.
- antioxidants of the amine type such as for example phenyl-a-naphthylamine, of the diamine type, for example N,N'-di-(2-naphthyl)-para-phenylenediamine, but also ascorbic acid and its salts, esters of ascorbic acid, alone or in mixtures of two or more of them or with other components, such as for example green tea extracts, coffee extracts.
- the present invention relates to a formulation comprising:
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- the present invention relates to a formulation comprising:
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- Benzyltoluene is a well-known compound, commercially available and the method of preparation of which is also well known to those skilled in the art.
- BT can easily be prepared by catalytic reaction of toluene with chlorotoluene, according to techniques now well known to those skilled in the art and in particular as described in patent EP0435737.
- BT synthetic crudes, but also BT-based LOHC liquids that have been engaged in hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles can thus contain variable amounts of at least one light hydrocarbon, as described above.
- the formulation according to the present invention can therefore be prepared, for example and typically, from these synthetic raw materials or liquid LOHCs based on BT, according to any method well known to those skilled in the art.
- the formulation according to the present invention can advantageously be prepared by treating a formulation comprising at least 50% of BT and at least one light hydrocarbon, in an amount greater than 10 ppm weight, by distillation, recrystallization, thin layer evaporation, and other methods or combinations of one or more of these methods.
- the filtering agents which can be used in the context of the present invention can be of all types and are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the filtering agents which have proved to be the most suitable are the adsorbent filtering agents, and more particularly the filtering agents comprising one or more compounds chosen from minerals based on silicates, carbonates, carbon, as well as mixtures of two or more of these minerals in all proportions.
- inorganic or organic filtering agents and in particular those chosen from clays, zeolites, diatomaceous earth, ceramics, carbonates, and carbon derivatives, as well as mixtures of two or more of them, in any proportion.
- filtering agents adsorbents and filter-adsorbents
- clays including silicates, and for example magnesium silicates, such as and without limitation, attapulgites, montmorillonites, selenites, bentonites, talcs, and others,
- Silicates in particular clays and zeolites, have proved to be very particularly effective for the preparation of the formulation of the present invention. Silicates have in fact shown themselves to be very particularly suitable for the elimination, or at least for the significant reduction, of one or more light hydrocarbon(s) present in a formulation comprising an equal or greater than 50% by weight of benzyltoluene (BT).
- BT benzyltoluene
- filtering agents advantageously usable for the preparation of the formulation of the present invention
- attapulgite Microsorb® 16/30 LVM from BASF (example of alumino-magnesian clay with the chemical formula (Mg, Al) 5 Si8O22(OH) 4 , SiC>2)
- Amcol Rafinol 900 FF from Minerals Technologies
- Amcol Rafinol 920 FF from Minerals Technologies
- Amcol Mineral Bent aluminum hydrosilicate
- Siliporite® in particular MK30B0 and MK30B2
- ARKEMA preparations based on zeolite of the alumino silicate type
- the filtering agent used for the preparation of the formulation comprising a content of at least one light hydrocarbon equal to or less than 10 ppm by weight is chosen from molecular sieves (also called “zeolitic adsorbents”), in particular molecular sieves allowing the adsorption, as selectively as possible, of light hydrocarbons, in particular hydrocarbons with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 .
- molecular sieves also called “zeolitic adsorbents”
- zeolite adsorbent materials that is to say materials comprising one or more zeolites
- zeolite adsorbent materials are advantageously chosen from molecular sieves based on synthetic zeolites which, by virtue of their wide variety of preparation methods, offer , a wide variety of parameters which can be finely adjusted, such as for example the thermal stability, the mechanical resistance or even the facilitation of regeneration, and this in order to meet the specific criteria required for the use of interest.
- zeolite adsorbent materials for use in the context of the present invention, mention may be made of natural or synthetic zeolites, and more particularly zeolite adsorbent materials chosen from natural zeolites, such as for example chabazite, and among synthetic zeolites, in particular LTA-type zeolites, FAU-type zeolites, EMT-type zeolites, MFI-type zeolites, and BEA-type zeolites.
- the present invention relates to the use of a formulation as defined above as LOHC fluid for the production of hydrogen comprising a low level of impurities and in particular for the production of hydrogen comprising a quantity equal to or less than 10 ppm by weight of at least one light hydrocarbon, and in particular of at least one hydrocarbon with a molar mass equal to or less than 100 g mol -1 .
- the performance of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles are facilitated/improved, thanks to less degradation of the catalyst during successive cycles, in particular due to the fact that the LOHC formulation of the invention includes only traces of light hydrocarbons, as discussed above, hydrocarbons which are known to be catalyst poisons commonly used in hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions.
- the hydrogen stored and then released during the dehydrogenation step is high purity hydrogen, which can thus find uses in a very large number of applications, in particular for fuel cells, and all other industrial applications requiring the use of high purity hydrogen, such as the electronics sector for the production of microprocessors, semiconductors, and others.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US17/999,567 US20240150167A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Liquid formulation for hydrogen storage |
CA3180258A CA3180258A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogene |
AU2021396717A AU2021396717A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Liquid formulation for hydrogen storage |
EP21840653.6A EP4259572A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène |
CN202180043326.0A CN115715272A (zh) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | 用于氢储存的液体配制物 |
JP2022572354A JP2023553231A (ja) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | 水素貯蔵用液体調合物 |
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FR2012920A FR3117113B1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2020-12-09 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d’hydrogène |
FRFR2012920 | 2020-12-09 |
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WO2022123165A1 true WO2022123165A1 (fr) | 2022-06-16 |
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PCT/FR2021/052221 WO2022123165A1 (fr) | 2020-12-09 | 2021-12-07 | Formulation liquide pour stockage d'hydrogène |
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US (1) | US20240150167A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4259572A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2023553231A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN115715272A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2021396717A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3180258A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3117113B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022123165A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63224110A (ja) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-19 | 日本石油化学株式会社 | 新規な電気絶縁油組成物の製造方法 |
EP0435737A1 (fr) | 1989-12-28 | 1991-07-03 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Procédés de synthèse de benzyltoluène et dibenzyltoluène à faible teneur en chlore |
US5446228A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1995-08-29 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Benzyltoluenes/benzylxylenes dielectric compositions |
EP2925669A1 (fr) | 2012-11-28 | 2015-10-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Composés liquides et leur procédé d'utilisation comme accumulateurs d'hydrogène |
US20160301093A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-10-13 | Hydrogenious Technologies Gmbh | System and method for storing and releasing energy |
-
2020
- 2020-12-09 FR FR2012920A patent/FR3117113B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 CA CA3180258A patent/CA3180258A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-07 US US17/999,567 patent/US20240150167A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-07 EP EP21840653.6A patent/EP4259572A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-07 JP JP2022572354A patent/JP2023553231A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-07 WO PCT/FR2021/052221 patent/WO2022123165A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-12-07 AU AU2021396717A patent/AU2021396717A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202180043326.0A patent/CN115715272A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS63224110A (ja) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-19 | 日本石油化学株式会社 | 新規な電気絶縁油組成物の製造方法 |
EP0435737A1 (fr) | 1989-12-28 | 1991-07-03 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Procédés de synthèse de benzyltoluène et dibenzyltoluène à faible teneur en chlore |
US5202514A (en) * | 1989-12-28 | 1993-04-13 | Atochem | Dechlorinated benzyltoluene/dibenzyltoluene oligomer dielectric liquids |
US5446228A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1995-08-29 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Benzyltoluenes/benzylxylenes dielectric compositions |
EP2925669A1 (fr) | 2012-11-28 | 2015-10-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Composés liquides et leur procédé d'utilisation comme accumulateurs d'hydrogène |
US20160301093A1 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2016-10-13 | Hydrogenious Technologies Gmbh | System and method for storing and releasing energy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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"Atlas of Zeolite Framework Types", 2001, ELSEVIER |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA3180258A1 (fr) | 2022-06-16 |
CN115715272A (zh) | 2023-02-24 |
JP2023553231A (ja) | 2023-12-21 |
FR3117113B1 (fr) | 2024-04-12 |
US20240150167A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
EP4259572A1 (fr) | 2023-10-18 |
FR3117113A1 (fr) | 2022-06-10 |
AU2021396717A1 (en) | 2022-12-22 |
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