EP4253847A1 - Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique - Google Patents

Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4253847A1
EP4253847A1 EP22164659.9A EP22164659A EP4253847A1 EP 4253847 A1 EP4253847 A1 EP 4253847A1 EP 22164659 A EP22164659 A EP 22164659A EP 4253847 A1 EP4253847 A1 EP 4253847A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal energy
storage device
hot water
energy storage
operation mode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22164659.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher OLKIS
James Freeman
Georgeanna KAWALEY
Duan WU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Mitsubishi Electric R&D Centre Europe BV Netherlands
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Mitsubishi Electric R&D Centre Europe BV Netherlands
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Mitsubishi Electric R&D Centre Europe BV Netherlands filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to EP22164659.9A priority Critical patent/EP4253847A1/fr
Priority to JP2023043040A priority patent/JP2023145383A/ja
Priority to CN202310287424.XA priority patent/CN116817348A/zh
Publication of EP4253847A1 publication Critical patent/EP4253847A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/08—Electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/20—Sewage water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/08—Storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space

Definitions

  • a system for providing domestic hot water and a method using the system comprises a heat pump, a mains water supply, a heat exchanger establishing a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump, a thermal energy storage device connected to the heat pump, and a controller having different operation modes and being configured to select between them and control the heat pump based on a selected operation mode.
  • a first operation mode thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device, but not to the heat exchanger
  • thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the heat exchanger.
  • the configuration of the controller to switch to the second operation mode allows the system and method to provide domestic hot water continuously, i.e. without downtimes.
  • Combi boilers have high heat outputs, where even small models can provide a heat output of 25 kW to provide domestic hot water (DHW), while the requirement to heat mains water from 10°C to 40°C is about 15 to 20 kW (for a typical D supply flow rate of 7-10 liters per minute).
  • TES thermal energy storage
  • a system to provide domestic hot water has no combi boiler, but only a residential heat pump with a heat output of approximately 4 to 10 kW, the residential heat pump alone is insufficient to heat domestic hot water (DHW) directly within the heat pump.
  • a TES specifically a domestic hot water TES (DHW-TES)
  • DHW-TES domestic hot water TES
  • US 9,581,340 B2 discloses a preheat tank to which a heat exchanger is operatively coupled and which receives water from a distribution subsystem.
  • a controller has a first mode in which fluid is routed through the heat exchanger to pass heat to the preheat tank and a second mode, in which the fluid is routed through an evaporator of a refrigerator to pass heat to the refrigerant.
  • a water storage tank is coupled to the preheat tank to receive water therefrom and is coupled to a condenser of the refrigerator such that heat rejected by the condenser is passed to the contents of the water storage tank.
  • US 2006/0196955 A1 discloses a domestic water tank pre-heating system to pre-heat domestic water within a domestic water tank and a water saver system is provided for limiting the wasting of clean but tepid water.
  • GB 2464162 A discloses an auxiliary heat exchange unit used in conjunction with a hot water cylinder of a hot water supply system and which comprises a first tank, a second tank and a central tank.
  • WO 2020/227216 A1 discloses a domestic hot water preheater operable to supply domestic hot water to a structure and/or to preheat a cold return of a space heating system.
  • heat pump systems known in the prior art the heat pump and domestic hot water are separated, because mains water enters the domestic hot water thermal energy storage device directly and is heated within the domestic hot water thermal energy storage device. Furthermore, in heat pump systems known in the prior art, heating of the domestic hot water thermal energy storage device is independent from domestic hot water demand and all thermal energy from the heat pump is directed to the domestic hot water thermal energy storage device for charging.
  • the problem with the system known in the prior art is that in cases in which the domestic hot water thermal energy storage device (DHW-TES) is fully discharged, the system cannot provide hot water anymore and it can take several hours until the DHW-TES is fully charged again, i.e. the systems cannot provide hot water for quite a long time, i.e. until the charge of the DHW-TES has reached a level suitable for heating mains water to a desired temperature. This leads to considerable downtimes in providing domestic hot water.
  • DHW-TES domestic hot water thermal energy storage device
  • a system for providing domestic hot water comprising
  • the system according to the invention allows the provision of providing domestic hot water without downtimes and allows an extension of the domestic hot water discharge capacity.
  • the reason is that the system according to the present invention can switch between the first operation mode and second operation mode and thus link a heat pump operation with a degree of domestic hot water demand. If there is no demand of domestic hot water, the system can switch to the first operation mode. If there is a (high) demand for domestic hot water, the system can switch to the second operation mode.
  • the controller of the system controls the heat pump to provide thermal energy from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device, but not to the heat exchanger, i.e. the controller effectuates a charging of the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller of the system controls the heat pump to provide thermal energy from the heat pump to the heat exchanger of the system, i.e. the controller effectuates a heating of the mains water in the heat exchanger.
  • This heating can be a preheating of the mains water before it enters the thermal energy storage device of the system or can be a postheating of the mains water after it exits the thermal energy storage device.
  • the heat exchanger can be located upstream of the thermal energy storage device or downstream of the thermal energy storage device in the system according to the invention (used in the method according to the invention).
  • the second operation mode has the following advantages:
  • the controller of the system can be configured to, in the second operation mode, allow heated mains water to flow from the heat exchanger into the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller of the system can be configured to switch to the first operation mode if there is no active demand for domestic hot water and a state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • controller of the system can be configured to switch to the second operation mode if there is a high active demand for domestic hot water and the heat pump is running or not running, or if there is a low demand for domestic hot water and the heat pump is running.
  • the system can comprise a third operation mode in which no thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device and to the heat exchanger.
  • the system is configured to provide domestic hot water only by heat energy stored in the thermal energy storage device, i.e. only the thermal energy storage device is used for heating mains water to domestic hot water.
  • the controller is preferably configured to switch to the third operation mode if there is a low active demand for domestic hot water and/or if a state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is at or above a preset threshold and the heat pump shall not be operated.
  • the controller of the system controls the heat pump to provide no thermal energy from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device and no thermal energy of from the heat pump to the heat exchanger of the system, i.e. the controller effectuates that the mains water is only heated by thermal energy stored in the thermal energy storage device, which is thereby discharged.
  • the system can further comprise a fluid flow detection sensor which is suitable for detecting a volume flow of fluid from the thermal energy storage device to a domestic hot water discharge of the system.
  • the system can further comprise a resistance heater for heating water of the mains water supply.
  • the controller is preferably configured to activate the resistance heater if there is a high active demand for domestic hot water.
  • the resistance heater allows a further heating of the mains water and allows a quicker response to a heating demand than the heat pump, because the heat pump needs a moment to run at full capacity.
  • the resistance heater can be located upstream or downstream of the thermal energy storage device. A location upstream of the thermal energy storage device has the advantage that the resistance heater can contribute to charging the thermal energy storage device (with thermal energy).
  • the resistance heater can be located upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger. Preferably, the resistance heater is located downstream of the heat exchanger and upstream of the thermal energy storage device.
  • the resistance heater and the heat pump together provide warm potable water at temperatures that are not perceived as very cold by the user. This allows bypassing the thermal energy storage device to avoid its discharge or provides a further measure to avoid downtimes if the thermal energy storage device is fully discharged and there is still a high demand for domestic hot water.
  • the system can comprise a means for heating water of the mains water supply by energy recovered from waste water. Said means is preferably located upstream of the heat exchanger in the system.
  • the system can further comprise a state of charge device which is configured to determine the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller is configured to control the heat pump based on a state of charge determined by the state of charge device.
  • the controller can be configured to switch to the first operation mode if the determined state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • the controller can be configured to switch to the second operation mode if the determined state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • the controller can be configured to switch to a third operation mode, in which no thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device and to the heat exchanger, if the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is at or above a preset threshold.
  • the controller can be configured to switch into the second operation mode if there is a need of a large amount of domestic hot water by a hot water consuming device.
  • the hot water consuming device is preferably configured to communicate a need of a large amount of hot water to the controller.
  • the hot water consuming device is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of kitchen sink, bathtub, washing machine, dishwasher and combinations thereof.
  • the controller can be configured to switch into the second operation mode if a domestic hot water demand prediction predicts a need of a large amount of domestic hot water.
  • the controller is configured to perform said prediction.
  • the controller can be configured to switch into the second operation mode if a volume flow from the thermal energy storage device to a domestic hot water discharge of the system falls above a certain threshold and the domestic hot water discharge of the system is associated to large domestic hot water discharges.
  • the volume flow is preferably detected by a fluid flow detection sensor of the system which is configured to communicate a detected volume flow to the controller.
  • the fluid flow detection sensor can be selected from the group consisting of flowmeter, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and combinations thereof.
  • the controller can be configured to switch into the second operation mode if a direct user input communicates a need of a large amount of domestic hot water.
  • the direct user input is preferably detected by an input device of the system which is configured to communicate a need of a large amount of domestic hot water to the controller.
  • the thermal energy storage device is a phase change material thermal energy storage device (PCM-TES).
  • the phase change material thermal energy storage device can comprise a heat exchanger embedded into it which promotes transfer of heat from the heat pump to the phase change material thermal energy storage device.
  • a PCM-TES as thermal energy storage device is beneficial from an energy perspective.
  • the PCM-TES stores most of its energy content by utilising the heat of fusion of the phase change material (PCM), meaning that almost all the energy is stored and released at the melting temperature of the PCM (e.g. 50°C).
  • PCM phase change material
  • the thermal energy storage device can be a water storage tank, preferably a water storage tank containing an encapsulated phase change material.
  • a method for providing domestic hot water comprising the steps
  • domestic hot water can be provided without downtimes and the domestic hot water discharge capacity can be extended.
  • the controller can be configured to, in the second operation mode, allow heated mains water to flow from the heat exchanger into the thermal energy storage device.
  • the heated mains water is allowed to flow from the heat exchanger into the thermal energy storage device such that thermal energy of the thermal energy storage device is transferred to the heated mains water or thermal energy of the heated mains water is transferred to the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller can be configured to switch to the first operation mode if there is no active demand for domestic hot water and a state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • the controller can be configured to switch to the second operation mode if there is a high active demand for domestic hot water and the heat pump is running or not running, or if there is a low demand for domestic hot water and the heat pump is running.
  • the system provided in the method can comprise a third operation mode in which no thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device and the heat exchanger.
  • the system is configured to provide domestic hot water only by heat energy stored in the thermal energy storage device, i.e. only the thermal energy storage device is used for heating mains water to domestic hot water.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to switch to the third operation mode if there is a low active demand for domestic hot water and/or if a state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is at or above a preset threshold and the heat pump shall not be operated.
  • the system which is provided in the method can further comprise a fluid flow detection sensor which is suitable for detecting a volume flow of fluid from the thermal energy storage device to a domestic hot water discharge of the system.
  • the system which is provided in the method can further comprise a resistance heater for heating water of the mains water supply.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to activate the resistance heater if there is a high active demand for domestic hot water.
  • the resistance heater allows a further heating of the mains water and allows a quicker response to a heating demand than the heat pump, because the heat pump needs a moment to run at full capacity.
  • the resistance heater can be located upstream or downstream of the thermal energy storage device. A location upstream of the thermal energy storage device has the advantage that the resistance heater can contribute to charging the thermal energy storage device (with thermal energy).
  • the resistance heater can be located upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger. Preferably, the resistance heater is located downstream of the heat exchanger and upstream of the thermal energy storage device.
  • the resistance heater and the heat pump together provide warm potable water at temperatures that are not perceived as very cold by the user. This allows bypassing the thermal energy storage device to avoid its discharge or provides a further measure to avoid downtimes if the thermal energy storage device is fully discharged and there is still a high demand for domestic hot water.
  • the system which is provided in the method can comprise a means for heating water of the mains water supply by energy recovered from waste water. Said means is preferably located upstream of the heat exchanger in the system of the method.
  • the system which is provided in the method can further comprises a state of charge device which is configured to determine the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to control the heat pump based on a state of charge determined by the state of charge device.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to switch to the first operation mode if the determined state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to switch to the second operation mode if the determined state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is below a preset threshold.
  • the controller is preferably configured in the method to switch to a third operation mode, in which no thermal energy is provided from the heat pump to the thermal energy storage device and to the heat exchanger, if the determined state of charge of the thermal energy storage device is at or above a preset threshold.
  • the controller can be configured in the method to switch into the second operation mode if there is a need of a large amount of domestic hot water by a hot water consuming device.
  • the hot water consuming device is preferably configured in the method to communicate a need of a large amount of hot water to the controller.
  • the hot water consuming device can be selected from the group consisting of kitchen sink, bathtub, washing machine, dishwasher and combinations thereof.
  • the controller can be configured in the method to switch into the second operation mode if a domestic hot water demand prediction predicts a need of a large amount of domestic hot water.
  • the controller is configured in the method to perform said prediction.
  • the controller can be configured in the method to switch into the second operation mode if a volume flow from the thermal energy storage device to a domestic hot water discharge of the system falls above a certain threshold and the domestic hot water discharge of the system is associated to large domestic hot water discharges.
  • the volume flow is preferably detected by a fluid flow detection sensor of the system which is configured in the method to communicate a detected volume flow to the controller.
  • the fluid flow detection can be selected from the group consisting of flowmeter, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and combinations thereof.
  • the controller can be configured in the method to switch into the second operation mode if a direct user input communicates a need of a large amount of domestic hot water.
  • the direct user input is preferably detected by an input device of the system which is configured in the method to communicate a need of a large amount of domestic hot water to the controller.
  • the thermal energy storage device of the system provided in the method is a phase change material thermal energy storage device.
  • the phase change material thermal energy storage device preferably comprises a heat exchanger embedded into it which promotes transfer of heat from the heat pump to the phase change material thermal energy storage device.
  • the thermal energy storage device can be a water storage tank, preferably a water storage tank containing an encapsulated phase change material.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically a simple rule-based control of the controller of a system and method according to the present invention.
  • the controller is configured to determine whether the system should operate in a first operation mode (charging mode) or a second operation mode (preheating mode).
  • the controller is also configured to determine whether the system should operate in a third operation mode (Cold mains heated only by DHW-TES mode). Preheating may be activated when active demand for domestic hot water is high, or if active demand for hot water is low and the heat pump is already running.
  • the controller may return to the first operation mode (charging mode) when a domestic hot water (DHW) demand has finished.
  • the control activates DHW preheating mode, if a large DHW demand is detected or the state of charge (SOC) of the thermal energy storage device (TES) falls below a minimum threshold.
  • SOC state of charge
  • FIG. 2 illustrates schematically a first system according to the present invention.
  • the thermal energy storage device is a phase change material thermal energy storage device (PCM-TES).
  • PCM-TES phase change material thermal energy storage device
  • domestic hot water exiting the mains water supply 2 flows in a fluid line through the heat exchanger 3 in which it can receive thermal energy from a fluid line exiting the heat pump 1.
  • the thermal energy storage device 4 in this case: a PCM-TES
  • the preheated mains water can further be heated by a resistance heater 13.
  • the preheated mains water is further heated to domestic hot water 10 which can flow to the kitchen sink 14 or to the bath tub 15.
  • the controller 5 of the system is configured to control the heat pump 1.
  • the illustrated system also comprises a state of charge device 6 configured to determine the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device 4 and a flow detection sensor 7.
  • the system also comprises a switching valve 12 which allows switching the mains water to flow either through the heat exchanger 3 via the resistance heater 13 to the thermal energy storage device 4, or to the local space heating system 8.
  • the heat exchanger 3, resistance heater 13, controller 5 and switching valve are comprised by an indoor unit 9.
  • FIG 3 illustrates schematically a further system according to the present invention in the first operation mode (charge mode).
  • the thermal energy storage device 4 is a water storage tank. Domestic water exiting the mains water supply 2 flows in a fluid line through the heat pump 1 in which it can receive thermal energy from the heat pump 1.
  • this first operation mode there is no discharge from the thermal energy storage device 4 (see greater line thickness), i.e. no domestic hot water 10 is provided to the kitchen sink 14 and/or to the bath tub 15.
  • no mains water enters the thermal energy storage device 4, but a second pipe actively extracts water from the thermal energy storage device 4, where it flows through heat exchanger 3 and then resistance heater 13, before returning back to the thermal energy storage device.
  • the controller 5 of the system is configured to control the heat pump 1.
  • the illustrated system also comprises a state of charge device 6 configured to determine the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device 4 and a flow detection sensor 7.
  • a switching valve 12 For directing the flow of mains water, the system also comprises a switching valve 12.
  • the heat exchanger 3, resistance heater 13, controller 5 and switching valve are comprised by a cylinder unit 11 for domestic hot water.
  • FIG 4 illustrates schematically the system illustrated in Figure 3 , but in the second operation mode (preheating water discharge mode).
  • domestic water exiting the mains water supply 2 flows in a fluid line through the heat exchanger 3 in which it can receive thermal energy from a fluid line exiting the heat pump 1.
  • the thermal energy storage device 4 in this case: a water storage tank
  • the preheated mains water transfers heat to the thermal energy storage device 4.
  • Water heated in the thermal energy storage device 4 to domestic hot water 10 can flow to the kitchen sink 14 or to the bath tub 15.
  • the controller 5 of the system is configured to control the heat pump 1.
  • the illustrated system also comprises a state of charge device 6 configured to determine the state of charge of the thermal energy storage device 4 and a flow detection sensor 7.
  • the system also comprises a switching valve 12.
  • the heat exchanger 3, resistance heater 13, controller 5 and switching valve are be comprised by a cylinder unit 11 for domestic hot water.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates schematically a further system according to the present invention in the second operation mode (postheating water discharge mode).
  • Some components of the system shown in Figures 2 to 4 have been omitted for clarity reasons.
  • mains water exiting a thermal energy storage device 4 of the system is heated by the heat exchanger 3 which receives thermal energy from the heat pump 1 and is located downstream of the thermal energy storage device 4 in this case.
  • This allows domestic hot water 10 at a target temperature to be provided to a kitchen sink 14 and/or a bath tub 15 even if the thermal energy storage device has a low thermal capacity or is fully discharged.
  • Example 1 Exemplary use of the system and method
  • a shower requires water flow rates of about 7 liters per minute (LPM).
  • LPM liters per minute
  • the preheated mains water is then further heated in the DHW-TES from 26°C to 40°C outlet temperature.
  • the DHW volume that can be supplied by the DHW-TES is doubled if the heating mode (second operation mode) is applied.
  • the shower is still supplied with warm water at 26°C once the DHW-TES is fully discharged.
  • thermo energy storage device is a PCM-TES.
  • PCM-TES charge mode PCM-TES charge mode
  • the first operation mode represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers heat to the PCM-TES (preferably via transfer of heat to a heat exchanger embedded into the PCM-TES), but does not transfer heat to water flowing through the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump.
  • the first operation mode can be activated if there is no active DHW demand and the state of phase (SOC) of the PCM-TES is below a threshold.
  • the second operation mode represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers heat to water flowing through the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump. Mains water heated in the heat exchanger is then transported into the PCM-TES in which the mains water is further heated and acquires its final temperature.
  • mains water originating from the mains water supply will enter the heat exchanger (which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump) and will be heated in said heat exchanger by heat originating from the (fluid line of the primary circuit of the) heat pump.
  • An optional resistance heater can further heat the mains water flow after exiting the heat exchanger.
  • the preheated mains water enters the PCM-TES (preferably a heat exchanger embedded into the PCM-TES) at an intermediate temperature and is heated to its desired final temperature by the PCM-TES.
  • the second operation mode can be activated e.g. if
  • the third operation mode represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers no heat to the PCM-TES and also no heat to the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump.
  • the heat pump is neither supplying thermal energy to the mains water (via the heat exchanger) nor to the PCM-TES (i.e. no charging of the PCM-TES occurs).
  • mains water originating from the mains water supply will enter the heat exchanger (which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump) and will not be heated in said heat exchanger.
  • An optional resistance heater is switched off.
  • the non-preheated mains water enters the PCM-TES (preferably a heat exchanger embedded into the PCM-TES) at its original temperature and is heated to its desired final temperature by the PCM-TES (alone).
  • the third operation mode is advantageous if only small DHW discharges are required, e.g. discharges shorter than the start-up time needed by the heat pump.
  • This configuration can further be advantageous, if other control decisions prohibit a heat pump DHW cycle at that moment, e.g. absence of inexpensive, renewable energy.
  • thermo energy storage device is a water storage tank.
  • the first operation mode is illustrated in Figure 3 and represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers heat to the water storage tank, but does not transfer heat to mains water flowing through the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump.
  • the first operation mode can be activated if there is no active DHW demand and the heating capacity of the water storage tank is below a threshold.
  • the second operation mode is illustrated in Figure 4 and represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers heat to mains water flowing through the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump. Mains water heated in the heat exchanger is then transported into the water storage tank in which the heated mains water transfers heat to the water storage tank.
  • mains water originating from the mains water supply will enter the heat exchanger (which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump) and will be heated in said heat exchanger by heat originating from the (fluid line of the primary circuit of the) heat pump.
  • An optional resistance heater can further heat the mains water flow after exiting the heat exchanger.
  • the preheated mains water enters the water storage tank and transfers heat to the water storage tank.
  • the preheated mains water is transported into the water storage tank in a manner that it is not mixed.
  • the inlet for conducting preheated mains water into the water storage tank is located close to the bottom of the water storage tank, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 . This helps to maintain the stratification, while allowing simultaneous re-charging of the tank.
  • the second operation mode can e.g. be activated (by the controller of the system) if
  • the third operation mode represents a mode in which the heat pump transfers no heat to the water storage tank and also no heat to the heat exchanger which establishes a thermal connection between a fluid line exiting the mains water supply and a fluid line exiting the heat pump.
  • the heat pump is neither supplying thermal energy to the mains water (via the heat exchanger) nor to the water storage tank (i.e. no charging of the water storage tank occurs).
  • the third operation mode is advantageous if only small DHW discharges are required, e.g. discharges shorter than the start-up time needed by the heat pump.
  • This configuration can further be advantageous, if other control decisions prohibit a heat pump DHW cycle at that moment, e.g. absence of inexpensive, renewable energy.
  • the mains water is additionally heated by energy recovered from waste water.
  • the additional heating can be arranged before the mains water enters the heat exchanger and is further heated in the heat exchanger (not shown in the Figures).
  • mains water exiting a thermal energy storage device of the system is further heated by using the heat pump in the second operation mode (postheating water discharge mode).
  • the system comprises a first low temperature PCM-TES having a storage capacity at 30-45°C, which is mainly used for space heating, and a second high temperature PCM-TES having a storage capacity of 40-60°C.
  • the heat pump can be used to post-heat the water coming from the first low temperature PCM-TES at an intermediate temperature to a suitable DHW outlet temperature.
  • the mains water would be preheated in the first low temperature PCM-TES and then post-heated by the heat pump.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
EP22164659.9A 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique Pending EP4253847A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22164659.9A EP4253847A1 (fr) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique
JP2023043040A JP2023145383A (ja) 2022-03-28 2023-03-17 家庭用温水を提供するためのシステム及び方法
CN202310287424.XA CN116817348A (zh) 2022-03-28 2023-03-22 用于提供生活热水的系统和方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22164659.9A EP4253847A1 (fr) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4253847A1 true EP4253847A1 (fr) 2023-10-04

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EP22164659.9A Pending EP4253847A1 (fr) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Système et procédé de production d'eau chaude domestique

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EP (1) EP4253847A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023145383A (fr)
CN (1) CN116817348A (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060196955A1 (en) 2005-03-01 2006-09-07 Bill Moxon Domestic water pre-heating apparatus and method for a vehicle
GB2464162A (en) 2009-01-24 2010-04-14 Brian A Sampson Auxiliary heat exchange unit when used in conjunction with a hot water cylinder of a hot water supply system
EP2515050A1 (fr) * 2009-12-15 2012-10-24 Hitachi Appliances, Inc. Système d'alimentation en eau chaude
EP3032181A1 (fr) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-15 Vaillant GmbH Systeme de chauffage comprenant un chauffe-eau
US9581340B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2017-02-28 Billybob Corporation Domestic hot water delivery system
CN111750528A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-09 西北工业大学 一种无箱式热泵热水装置
WO2020227216A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Marshall Cox Préchauffeur d'eau chaude domestique à double fonction et dispositif de chauffage d'espace intégré

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060196955A1 (en) 2005-03-01 2006-09-07 Bill Moxon Domestic water pre-heating apparatus and method for a vehicle
GB2464162A (en) 2009-01-24 2010-04-14 Brian A Sampson Auxiliary heat exchange unit when used in conjunction with a hot water cylinder of a hot water supply system
EP2515050A1 (fr) * 2009-12-15 2012-10-24 Hitachi Appliances, Inc. Système d'alimentation en eau chaude
US9581340B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2017-02-28 Billybob Corporation Domestic hot water delivery system
EP3032181A1 (fr) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-15 Vaillant GmbH Systeme de chauffage comprenant un chauffe-eau
WO2020227216A1 (fr) 2019-05-03 2020-11-12 Marshall Cox Préchauffeur d'eau chaude domestique à double fonction et dispositif de chauffage d'espace intégré
CN111750528A (zh) * 2020-07-08 2020-10-09 西北工业大学 一种无箱式热泵热水装置

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JP2023145383A (ja) 2023-10-11
CN116817348A (zh) 2023-09-29

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