EP4234843B1 - Neue platte für schalungen für platten mit erhöhter dicke, die durch stifte gesichert werden - Google Patents

Neue platte für schalungen für platten mit erhöhter dicke, die durch stifte gesichert werden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4234843B1
EP4234843B1 EP23158433.5A EP23158433A EP4234843B1 EP 4234843 B1 EP4234843 B1 EP 4234843B1 EP 23158433 A EP23158433 A EP 23158433A EP 4234843 B1 EP4234843 B1 EP 4234843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
wood
layer
hole
pin
Prior art date
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Application number
EP23158433.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4234843A3 (de
EP4234843A2 (de
EP4234843C0 (de
Inventor
Rubens Pasotti
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Ilpa Engineering Srl
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Ilpa Engineering Srl
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Publication of EP4234843A2 publication Critical patent/EP4234843A2/de
Publication of EP4234843A3 publication Critical patent/EP4234843A3/de
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Publication of EP4234843B1 publication Critical patent/EP4234843B1/de
Publication of EP4234843C0 publication Critical patent/EP4234843C0/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/38—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/04—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/023—Forming boards or similar elements with edge protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/023—Forming boards or similar elements with edge protection
    • E04G2009/026—Forming boards or similar elements with edge protection specific for corners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a panel for making containment walls for concrete pouring formwork, in particular for containment formwork for making concrete slabs or the like, which panel consists of at least one plate of wood or of a plate comprising wood, which plate of wood or which plate comprising wood are coated in at least some areas, preferably on their outer faces and/or along the edges, with a coating of waterproofing.
  • the wooden plate is made up of two or more layers of the same type of wood, which are arranged with the fibers of the wood of which they are made that are oriented in a nonparallel direction, i.e. crossed each other and between the individual layers.
  • these layers of wood are made up of birch wood which has a relatively high weight of about 720 kg/m3.
  • Said panels are builded, for example in a support structure, one at a time and must be handled manually by the personnel. Therefore, there is a need to limit the overall weight of each panel.
  • This weight limit constitutes a conflicting need with other characteristics of the panel which are mainly the fact of presenting a certain mechanical resistance to bending under the action of the mass of material to be contained and at the same time of presenting a surface extension, i.e. dimensions in width and lengths that are relatively large so as not to penalize the installation and dismantling times of the containment structures and also to avoid the formation of too many junction areas between the individual panels.
  • these junction areas can constitute areas of misalignment between the edges of mutual contact of the panels which therefore leave imprints of the same on the material of the casting once hardened or even areas in which containment losses occur and therefore seepage of the most liquid part of the pouring mass.
  • the reduction in thickness has on the one hand contributed to a limitation of weight, but on the other hand has also led to a reduction in mechanical strength due to the limitation of the number of layers of wood having crossed orientations of the fibers of the wood from which they are made.
  • the reduction in thickness has also further limited the possibilities of providing for integrating systems of constraint to the load-bearing structure in the panels which could make the combination of panel main structure such as to synergistically strengthen the mechanical resistance of the combination main structure and panels to higher values than those supplied by the individual separate parts.
  • Panels combining softwood and hardwood layers with a coating are for example known from PINNINGTON C: "OVERLAID PANELS FOR CONCRETE FORMWORK",CONCRETE ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL, CONCRETE SOCIETY, CAMBERLEY, GB, vol. 4, no. 7, 1 October 2000 (2000-10-01 ) or EP 2 218 847 A2 .
  • the present invention relates to a panel for making containment walls of formwork for concrete pouring, in particular for containment formwork for making concrete slabs or the like, as defined in claim 1, which panel consists of at least one plate of wood or comprising wood, which plate of wood is coated in at least some areas, preferably on its outer faces and/or along the edges, with a waterproofing coating and wherein the plate of wood is formed of at least one layer of birch wood which is arranged in relation to the longitudinal and width directions of the panel with the wood fibers in a first direction and at least one layer of fir wood which is arranged in relation to the longitudinal and width directions of the panel with the wood fibers in a second direction, said two layers of wood being coupled together by chemical/physical adhesion along the faces of mutual contact.
  • said wooden plate can be made of at least three layers of which at least one central layer of fir wood positioned with the fibers of the wood in said second direction to which it is applied by chemical/physical adhesion on each of the two opposite faces of said central layer, at least one layer of birch wood positioned with the fibers of the wood in said first or third direction.
  • the choice of the orientation of the fibers of the different layers of fir and birch wood relative to the longitudinal orientation of the panel can be defined according to the conditions of use and therefore the mechanical stresses to which the panel is subjected.
  • the orientation of the wood fibers of the central fir wood layer corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the panel, i.e. to the direction parallel to the longest side edge.
  • the orientation of the fibers of at least one of the birch wood layers, or the aforementioned first direction, can be parallel or not parallel to the orientation of the fibers of said central fir wood layer.
  • the aforementioned first direction and the aforementioned third direction of orientation of the wood fibers of the first and second layer of birch wood respectively they can be parallel or not parallel to each other, and at the same time said first and said third directions can be parallel or not parallel with respect to said second direction of orientation of the wood fibers of said central layer of fir wood.
  • This configuration of the wooden plate in the form of at least two layers of a different wood and with the direction of the fibers parallel or not parallel to each other from layer to layer allows to increase the mechanical resistance of the wooden plate and at the same time increase the thickness and reduce the weight of the plate with the same thickness and/or mechanical resistance.
  • fir wood has a specific weight which is of the order of about 480 kg/m3 and is therefore of the order of about a third less than the specific weight of birch wood which is about 720 kg/m3 as further mentioned above.
  • the increase in thickness contributes not only to an increase in the intrinsic mechanical resistance of the plate and therefore of the panel, but at the same time allows the panel to be equipped with further accessories which, as will be seen below, improve the connection of each panel to a main structure and thanks to which a better and more rigid connection is generated a synergistic structural reinforcement of the mechanical resistance of the whole with respect to the mechanical resistance of the individual parts separated from each other.
  • the external waterproofing coating of the wooden plate according to one or more of the embodiments described above can be made according to what is currently known in the state of the art.
  • An embodiment can provide for the waterproofing and/or scratchresistant coating of the panel thanks to a varnish, a lacquer or the like applied on the external faces and/or along the edges of the wooden plate.
  • a variant may provide that at least some of the edges and/or at least part of some of the perimeter edges or all the perimeter edges of the wooden plate are coated towards outwardly with a layer of plastic material applied by means of chemical-physical and/or also mechanical adhesion either to said edges or to said portions of edges and having a predetermined width and a predetermined elasticity.
  • Another possible alternative can provide that the waterproofing of the wooden plate takes place thanks to the application to the two external faces of the same of a plate or a layer of resin coupled by chemical-physical adhesion and/or other processes such as spreading or the like. Perimeter extensions of the said resin plate/s or of the said resin layer/s can be folded against the perimeter edges of the wooden plate or against part thereof and fixed to the material of the wooden plate of the said edges and/or between them by chemical-physical adhesion.
  • said layers of resin or plastic material or said plates of resin or plastic material coupled to the faces of the wooden plate are combined and fixed by means of chemical-physical and liquid-tight adhesion to coating layers in resin and/or plastic material of the edges of the wooden plate.
  • Said panel has at least one or more points of the extension on the faces at least one engagement seat in the form of a hole being provided in conjuction with each hole a corresponding locking pin having an externally threaded stem and being the diameter of the hole and the diameter of the corresponding pin and of the external thread commensurate with each other in such a way as to tighten said pin in said hole by screwing.
  • the hole can be at least partially provided with an internal thread corresponding to the external one of the pin.
  • the threading of the pin is of the self-tapping type, that is, which notches upon screwing the internal thread in the walls of the hole, the diameter of the hole being commensurate with the minor diameter of the external threading of the pin.
  • One embodiment provides at least one hole for at least one pin in correspondence with each corner area of the panel and in a recessed position with respect to the perimeter edges of the panel to a predetermined extent.
  • the containment formworks for concrete pouring are known and are formed by a plurality of panels which together form the concrete containment walls with the desired shape and dimensions and which panels are mounted so as to form said containment walls in a main structure.
  • the formworks are generally provided with a metal main structure in the form of frameworks made up of uprights, spars and crossbars, according to various geometries and on which the panels are arranged side by side so as to form a continuous containment wall for the mass of concrete.
  • Each panel is rested in one or more areas thereof on support brackets, while the panels are currently fixed in position by means of traditional screws or nails.
  • a formwork according to claim 5 is provided.
  • a hole is provided in the panel in each of the corner areas and in a recessed position towards the center of the panel in a predetermined distance with respect to the perimeter edges of the panel which form said corner area.
  • Said pin has an enlarged head with respect to the hole in the panel and in the corresponding support bracket, and said enlarged head is superimposed on a perimetric delimiting band of said through hole in said support bracket.
  • the diameter of the threaded stem of said pin is about 20mm, while the depth of penetration of the same into the panel is expected to be about 15mm and the thickness of the panel is therefore greater than said depth of penetration.
  • said formwork is provided in combination with a panel made according to one or more of the embodiments and variants described above.
  • the formwork is provided in combination with a panel for the construction of containment walls which panel is composed of a base body constituted by a sheet-like element cut to size and having a perimeter edge surface along which perimeter edge surface is provided with a protective perimeter edge of plastic material.
  • said protective perimeter edge is made in the form of a single continuous piece.
  • Said peripheral protective edge can extend along all the perimetric edges of the panel or only along some of them and possibly also along only some areas of said perimetric edges.
  • Said edge can be made for example according to what is described in document WO2019186362 .
  • the invention comprises a combination of at least one panel and a main structure for panels for making containment walls for concrete pouring, in particular for concrete slabs or the like, in which the panel/s are made according to one or more any combination of the embodiments and variants described above, while the panels are arranged directly adjacent to each other and with the outer surfaces of the protective edges in contact with each other so as to form a wall containment essentially continuous, without signatures of the contact areas between adjacent panels and with substantial sealing of the concrete mass.
  • the framework is of the type comprising a main structure constituted by a plurality of vertical uprights for supporting a combination of parallel longitudinal beams and/or crossbars and main frames intended to rest with at least two opposite sides on two adjacent spars and/or crossbars parallel to each other and on which frames are respectively fixed in position a panel, each frame being provided with support elements for the corresponding panel which support elements come into contact with areas of one of the faces of the panel which are provided at a certain distance from the perimeter edges of the panel, while in the assembled condition the panels adjacent to each other in the longitudinal and/or transversal direction come into contact with each other and in a liquid-tight manner with the facing perimeter edges and then with the corresponding protective edges.
  • the panels are supported by the structure with their perimetric edges protruding outwards with respect to the supporting structures of the same and therefore they come into direct contact with each other along the facing edges.
  • each or only some of the spars or crossbar for supporting a panel or alternatively all or only some support brackets, or only the spars or only the crossbar, or only the support brackets are provided in at least one point, preferably in two points spaced apart along said side member or said cross member, of a hole coinciding with a hole provided in the panel being for each through hole in the cross member and/or in the side member and for each - each coinciding hole in the panel provides a threaded pin for tightening said crossbar and/or said spar against said panel.
  • the invention has further characteristics which are the subject of the subclaims.
  • a panel according to the present invention for making containment walls of formwork for concrete pouring in particular for containment formwork for making concrete slabs or the like comprises a body of base 1 which consists of a shaped piece with predetermined dimensions and plan shape of an essentially flat plate.
  • the base body has a multilayer structure which will be described below with reference to figures 4 and 5 and consists of a combination of wood layers which are made up of different types of wood and which are arranged oriented relative to each other with the prevailing direction of the wood fibers according to pre-established directions parallel to each other or crossed, i.e. not parallel, or perpendicular.
  • the base body 1 has a predetermined thickness d1 ( fig. 2 ) and has a peripheral edge surface globally indicated with 101.
  • a protective edge 2 is applied along the peripheral surface 101 of the base body which adheres to an internal surface 102 to the edge surface 101 of the base body 1 with a shape fit and by chemical/physical adhesion.
  • the protective edge 2 is made as a single piece, i.e. the material of which it is made does not substantially present a solution of continuity and does not consist of different parts joined together upon application to the base body and/or even in an earlier moment.
  • the thickness S of the protective edge 2 is such that the outer surfaces of said essentially flat protective edge 2 extend at a certain distance from the surfaces 101 of the edge of the base body 1 and complete the shape of the base body to the shape essentially rectangular finished panel.
  • the base body 1 can have corner areas shaped in such a way as to be recessed with respect to the rectangular plan shape that would be obtained by extending the straight sides of the edge of the base body 1 up to reciprocal point of incidence of the same.
  • the protective edge 2 has a greater thickness than that S present in the straight sections.
  • the increase in thickness in the corner areas is made in order to increase the absorption by the protective edge of the impact forces in the event of the panel falling.
  • the areas of greatest stress are those at the corners of the panel and therefore in these areas a greater thickness of the protective edge in the direction parallel to the faces of the panel ensures that the material of the protective edge can compensate for the deformations induced by the impact forces.
  • the edge of the base body 1 is rounded with a predetermined radius of curvature. As indicated by the circle C in figure 1 .
  • This characteristic allows to generate a surface of progressive deflection of forces with the major component oriented in a perpendicular direction with respect to the edge surface of the base body 1 in forces in which part of the energy is deflected by the said component perpendicular to a component parallel or tangent to the surface 101 of the base body in the arcuate corner region.
  • Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment, in which the cross section of the surface of the edge 101 of the base body 1 which is wedge-shaped and preferably symmetrically to a median plane of the base body 1 which is parallel to the faces thereof.
  • the protective edge 2 has a contact surface 102 with the surface of the edge 101 of the base body which has an exactly corresponding shape so as to also generate a precise shape coupling between the base body 1 and the protective edge 2 and therefore has a wedge-shaped groove of dimensions and shape exactly identical to the protruding one of the surface of the edge 101 of the base body 1.
  • the wedge-shaped shaping has a flattening at the vertex, i.e. at the tip of the wedge-shaped shape, both of the protruding part of the surface of the edge 101 of the base body 1, and of the groove which forms the corresponding contact surface on the protective edge 2.
  • protruding ridges or ribs 301 are provided along one or more of the mutual contact surfaces 101, 102 between the protective edge and the peripheral edge of the base body 1 which protrude from the surface 101 of the edge of the base body 1 and which engage with precise shape coupling in corresponding recesses in the walls of the groove present in the protective edge 2.
  • the difference in thickness in the direction perpendicular to the edge of the base body 1 and parallel to the faces of the same, between the thinner area S1 of the protective edge 2 and the peripheral area of greater thickness S in correspondence with the faces of the base body 1 can be such that the area of greater thickness S is from 1.5 to 10 times the thickness of the area of lesser thickness S1, preferably from 3 to 5 times said thickness S1.
  • this feature also contributes to improving the protection of the edges at the two opposite faces of the panel since the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped of the edge 101 of the base body eliminate areas of high deformability such as edges and partially deviating the perpendicular components into shear components with respect to the edge, i.e. into components perpendicular to the panel faces.
  • the greater thickness is distributed symmetrically with respect to the central median plane of the base body which is parallel to the faces of the same and determines that the protective edge 2 protrudes for at least part of its extension in measure d2 from both faces of the base body 1.
  • the protruding surfaces of the protective edge 2 with respect to the faces of the base body 1 extend along a more external peripheral band of the protective edge 2 and for a thickness S1 in the perpendicular direction of the edge and parallel to the faces of the base body 1 which is an integer submultiple of the maximum thickness S of the protective edge 2.
  • the section included between the innermost limit of the protruding edge in measure d2 of the protective layer 2 and the edge of the base body 1 is made inclined and is indicated with 402, while the external edge along which the protective edge 2 protrudes in measure d2 beyond the corresponding face of the base body 1 is indicated with 502.
  • the thickness S1 of the bands 502 substantially corresponds to the thickness S1 of the protective edge 2 at the bottom of the coupling groove to the wedge-shaped shape of the edge 101 of the base body 1.
  • 6 indicates cavities produced in the thicker region of the protective edge 2. These cavities can advantageously be obtained by known gas injection technologies, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the cavities can be continuous or discontinuous and differ from each other in different regions of the protective edge 2, both in terms of shape and size.
  • the base body 1 of the panel is composed of a wooden plate 10 which is made of a plurality of layers, at least two of different types of wood.
  • the wooden plate comprises a central layer of fir wood 110 to whose two faces a layer of wood 210 of birch wood is coupled.
  • the coupling of the wooden layers 110 and 210 to each other can take place using any type of adhesive which can be used according to what is known in the state of the art.
  • the layer 110 and/or one or both layers 210 can be made of solid wood or can be made of plywood layers or layers with a structure of the so-called lamellar type.
  • each of the layers 110 and/or 210 the wood fibers of respectively fir and birch are oriented substantially uniformly according to a main direction, while between layer and layer 110, 210 the wood fibers can be provided oriented in mutually parallel directions or in mutually not parallel directions, i.e. also crossed or perpendicular directions.
  • the fiber directions in the layer combinations are different between the birch wood layers 210 and the fir wood layer 110, or that also the fiber directions of the two layers of birch wood 210 are different from each other.
  • the plate 1 is covered along its two external faces by a coating layer 310 which can be a waterproofing and protective coating, such as a lacquer, a resin, a varnish or combinations of these or which it can be a layer of a plastic material coupled by chemical/physical adhesion to the corresponding face of the wooden plate 10.
  • a coating layer 310 which can be a waterproofing and protective coating, such as a lacquer, a resin, a varnish or combinations of these or which it can be a layer of a plastic material coupled by chemical/physical adhesion to the corresponding face of the wooden plate 10.
  • Said coating layer/s 310 are connected by chemical-physical adhesion or by covering to the peripheral protective edges 2 which frame the perimeter edges of the central plate 1 and of the protective and sealing coating layers 310.
  • each panel is installed by manual lifting and positioning and therefore must necessarily weigh as little as possible or in any case the weight must be limited to a maximum bearable value within the scope of safety regulations by human personnel.
  • the material to be contained in particular for the construction of slabs, has relatively high specific weights, whereby the load resistance of the panel must be such as it prevents the panel from arching downwards under the action of the load.
  • the central fir wooden layer 110 has a main direction of the fibers in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the panel itself, while the main direction of the fibers within at least one of the birch wood layers 210, preferably both said layers are oriented perpendicularly to the main direction of the fibers within the central layer of fir wood.
  • birch wood has a specific weight of about 720kg/m3 while fir wood has a specific weight of about 480 kg/m3, it is possible to obtain a stratification of the plate 10 with several layers of wood each having a predetermined main orientation of the fibers which can be set so as to modify the mechanical resistance characteristics of the panel according to the required needs.
  • the panel according to the present invention can have a wood plate thickness 10 greater than that of state-of-the-art panels.
  • this increase in thickness allows to obtain a better mechanical coupling of each panel to the support structure thanks to fastening means which can exert clamping forces such as to generate a mechanically rigid connection between the panels and the support structure.
  • Figure 3 shows a structure for making a containment wall for formwork for concrete pouring, in particular for containment formwork for making concrete slabs or the like, of the type known in the state of the art and which comprises a main frame indicated by 30 in Figure 3 and which comprises uprights 31 of which only the end part is shown and which support a combination of spars and crossbar.
  • the structure has spars 32 which rest on a plurality of uprights 31 while the crossbars are part of an essentially rectangular frame 33 comprising head sides 133 parallel to the spars 32 and which are intended to rest on said spars by engaging with a support foot in an engagement seat 132.
  • each spar cooperates with a pair of sideby-side frames 33, each of which rests with its head side 133 on the spar 32.
  • Each frame 33 carries a panel 34 fixed on its upper side according to one or more of the variants described with reference to the previous ones figures. The panels are arranged side by side and adhere flush against each other and sealed with respect to the poured concrete along the facing contact edges directly with the protective edges.
  • the frames 33 are made of dimensions smaller than the external dimensions of the panels 34, both in the longitudinal and in the transversal direction and are mounted on the corresponding frame essentially in a central position with respect to the same so as to protrude to a predetermined extent on all the four sides and to a substantially identical extent by the frame 33, at least on the two mutually opposite sides.
  • the panels 34 form a continuous containment plane by adhering directly to each other and thanks to this they reduce the traces or imprints of the joints between panel and panel which, on the other hand, occur in currently known formworks.
  • the structure comprising the combination of frame and panel can also be very different in terms of configuration of the individual parts, the only essential characteristic being the dimensional relationship between the panel and the support frame of the same and the panel and the spans between the support beams of the panel when for example a frame 33 is not provided, but the panel is mounted directly on a frame.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show the improvement of said structure according to figure 3 in combination with panels of increased thickness according to the present invention.
  • the birch wooden layers 210 consist of birch multilayer in the form of with birch wood layers of 1.5 mm thickness which are coupled with their main direction of the fibers cross each other and in which the layers are glued together, forming a defined final thickness.
  • This action is also added to the action of fixing the panels in position obtained by means of traditional screws.
  • the lower mechanical strength of the internal thread of the furnace part extending into the thickness of the fir layer can be compensated by a greater thickness of this layer. Thanks to the lower weight of fir wood, compared to birch wood, this greater thickness can guarantee excellent mechanical resistance of the thread in the condition of engagement with the external thread of the pin and at the same time a containment of the overall weight below the weight that the panel would present if it were made entirely of two layers of birch wood with the same thickness.
  • the screw engagement hole of the pin can extend for a depth such as to pass through a layer of birch wood, the central layer of fir wood and penetrate at least for part of the thickness of the same into the second layer of birch wood on the opposite face of the central layer of fir wood, ending at a predetermined distance from the face seen of said second layer of birch wood and therefore remaining embedded in the same.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Platte zur Herstellung von Einschließungswänden von Schalungen für das Betongießen, insbesondere für Einschließungsschalungen für die Herstellung von Betondecken oder dergleichen, welche Platte mindestens eine Holzplatte (10) oder eine Holz enthaltende Platte umfasst, welche Holzplatte (10) oder welche Holz enthaltende Platte zumindest in einigen Bereichen, vorzugsweise auf ihren Außenseiten und/oder entlang der Kanten, mit einer wasserdichten und/oder schützenden Beschichtung (2, 310) beschichtet ist und wobei die Holzplatte (10) oder die Holz enthaltende Platte aus mindestens einer Schicht (210) aus Birkenholz, die in Bezug auf die Längs- und Breitenrichtungen der Platte mit den Holzfasern in einer ersten Richtung angeordnet ist, und aus mindestens einer Schicht (110) aus Tannenholz, die in Bezug auf die Längs- und Breitenrichtungen der Platte mit den Holzfasern in einer zweiten Richtung angeordnet ist, gebildet ist, die beiden Holzschichten (110, 210) durch chemische/physikalische Adhäsion entlang der gegenseitigen Berührungsseiten miteinander verbunden sind und die erste und die zweite Richtung parallel oder nicht parallel zueinander sein können und
    wobei die Platte an einem oder mehreren Punkten einer Erstreckung der Plattenseiten mindestens einen Eingriffssitz in Form eines Lochs aufweist, wobei in Kombination mit jedem Loch ein entsprechender Verriegelungsstift (40) vorgesehen ist, der einen mit einem Außengewinde versehenen Schaft (240) aufweist, und wobei der Durchmesser des Lochs und der Durchmesser des entsprechenden Stifts (40) und des Außengewindes des Schafts (240) derart zueinander angepasst sind, dass der Stift in dem Loch durch Verschrauben festgezogen wird, während der Stift (40) an einem Ende des Gewindeschafts (240) einen Kopf (140) aufweist, der gegenüber dem Gewindeschaft (240) und/oder dem Eingriffsloch in der Platte radial erweitert ist, und das Loch zumindest teilweise mit einem Innengewinde versehen ist, das dem Außengewinde des Stifts entspricht, oder das Gewinde des Stifts (40) vom selbstschneidenden Typ ist, das heißt, dass es beim Einschrauben das Innengewinde in die Wände des Lochs einschneidet, wobei der Durchmesser des Lochs dem kleineren Durchmesser des Außengewindes des Stifts angepasst ist und der Durchmesser des Gewindeschafts des Stifts etwa 20 mm beträgt, während die Eindringtiefe desselben in die Platte etwa 15 mm beträgt und die Dicke der Platte größer als diese Eindringtiefe ist.
  2. Platte nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Holzplatte (10) oder die Holz enthaltende Platte mindestens drei Schichten (110, 210) aufweist, die die mindestens eine Schicht aus Tannenholz und mindestens zwei der Schichten aus Birkenholz umfassen, von denen mindestens eine Schicht aus Tannenholz eine zentrale Schicht (110) ist, die mit den Holzfasern in der zweiten Richtung angeordnet ist und auf die mittels chemischer/physikalischer Adhäsion auf jeder der beiden gegenüberliegenden Seiten der zentralen Schicht
    - mindestens eine der mindestens zwei Schichten (210) aus Birkenholz aufgebracht ist, wobei eine der Schichten aus Birkenholz mit den Holzfasern in der ersten Richtung angeordnet ist und wobei die Richtung der Fasern der zentralen Schicht (110) aus Tannenholz in der Richtung der maximalen Lastbeanspruchung ausgerichtet ist.
  3. Platte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Platte mindestens eines der genannten Löcher für mindestens einen Stift an jedem Eckbereich der Platte und in einer zurückgezogenen Position in Bezug auf die Umfangskanten der Platte in einem vorbestimmten Ausmaß aufweist.
  4. Platte nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in Kombination mit einer Trägerstruktur (30) vorgesehen ist, die Stützelemente (233) für die Platten (34) aufweist, und wobei für mindestens eines oder einen Teil der Stützelemente (233) die Platte (34) und die Stützelemente (233) jeweils mindestens ein Eingriffsloch und ein damit übereinstimmendes Durchgangsloch eines Verriegelungsstifts (40) aufweisen, wobei das Eingriffsloch in der Platte (34) einen Durchmesser und eine Konfiguration aufweist, die einem Schaft (240) des Verriegelungsstifts (40) angepasst sind, während das Durchgangsloch in dem Stützelement (233) einen Durchmesser aufweist, der dem Außendurchmesser des Schafts (240) des Verriegelungsstifts (40) entspricht oder größer ist und kleiner als der Außendurchmesser eines vergrößerten Verriegelungskopfes (140) des Verriegelungsstifts (40) ist.
  5. Schalung, bestehend aus einer Kombination von mehreren Platten nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Schalung zur Aufnahme der Gussteile, insbesondere der Betongussteile, insbesondere der Einschließungsschalungen für die Herstellung von Betondecken oder dergleichen geeignet ist.
  6. Schalung nach 5, wobei die Schalung mindestens eine, vorzugsweise einige oder alle Platten mit den Eigenschaften der Platte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 4 aufweist.
  7. Platte nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei, wenn die Platte nach Anspruch 1 und optional zusätzlich nach einem der Ansprüche 3-4 konfiguriert ist, ohne von Anspruch 2 abhängig zu sein, die Platte mindestens eine Tannenschicht und mindestens eine Birkenschicht umfasst, wobei das in der Platte vorgesehene Loch eine Tiefe aufweist, die sich mindestens über eine Teiltiefe der Dicke der Tannenschicht erstreckt oder die Tannenschicht von Seite zu Seite passiert,
    während, wenn die Platte nach Anspruch 2 und optional zusätzlich nach einem der Ansprüche 3-4 konfiguriert ist, die Platte mindestens zwei Schichten aus Birkenholz umfasst, die jeweils mit einer der beiden gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Tannenholzschicht verbunden sind, wobei das Loch eine solche Tiefe aufweist, dass es mindestens eine erste der beiden Schichten aus Birkenholz und mindestens die Schicht aus Tannenholz vollständig durchquert, dabei die zweite Schicht der beiden Schichten aus Birkenholz nur für einen Teil ihrer Dicke durchdringt,
    wobei der Stift durch Verschraubung in die erste Schicht aus Birkenholz, in die Schicht aus Tannenholz und über einen Teil der Tiefe derselben sowie in die zweite Schicht aus Birkenholz eingreift.
  8. Schalung nach Anspruch 6, wobei die eine oder die mehreren Platten die Merkmale von Anspruch 7 aufweisen.
EP23158433.5A 2022-02-25 2023-02-24 Neue platte für schalungen für platten mit erhöhter dicke, die durch stifte gesichert werden Active EP4234843B1 (de)

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IT102022000003566A IT202200003566A1 (it) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Nuovo pannello per casseforme per solai di spessore maggiorato e con fissaggio mediante spine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8701286D0 (en) * 1987-01-21 1987-02-25 Timber Research & Dev Ass Formwork
CA2085536A1 (en) * 1992-12-16 1994-06-17 Speral Aluminium Inc. Interconnecting edge beams for concrete forming panels
ES2221801B1 (es) * 2003-06-17 2005-12-01 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. Tablero de composite para aplicacion en encofrados de hormigon y procedimiento para la obtencion del mismo.
ITSV20060014A1 (it) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-23 Europlastica S R L Pannello per la realizzazione di pareti di contenimento di casseforme per le gettate di calcestruzzo in particolare per le casseforme di contenimento per la realizzazione di solette in calcestruzzo o simili e procedimento per la fabbricazione di dett
DE102008000738A1 (de) * 2008-03-18 2009-09-24 Pps Dietle International Gmbh Schalhautbefestigung nebst Herstellung
IT1394199B1 (it) * 2009-02-11 2012-06-01 Amaro Timber Ltd Pannello per pareti di contenimento di casseforme per le gettate di calcestruzzo in particolare per le casseforme di contenimento di solette in calcestruzzo o simili
IT201800003919A1 (it) 2018-03-26 2019-09-26 Ilpa Eng S R L Pannello per la realizzazione di pareti di contenimento di casseforme per le gettate di calcestruzzo in particolare per le casseforme di contenimento per la realizzazione di solette in calcestruzzo o simili e procedimento per la fabbricazione del detto pannello

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