EP4202139A1 - System for insulating stone wall on transverse sides and method of insulating an existing stone wall - Google Patents

System for insulating stone wall on transverse sides and method of insulating an existing stone wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4202139A1
EP4202139A1 EP22215284.5A EP22215284A EP4202139A1 EP 4202139 A1 EP4202139 A1 EP 4202139A1 EP 22215284 A EP22215284 A EP 22215284A EP 4202139 A1 EP4202139 A1 EP 4202139A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
center distance
insulation
rot
insulation system
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EP22215284.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gabriel Razvan Tepes
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E04B1/4185—Masonry wall ties for cavity walls with both wall leaves made of masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7069—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by ventilating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E04B1/7612—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
    • E04B1/7616—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space with insulation-layer locating devices combined with wall ties

Definitions

  • the insulation system consists of introducing an insulator in a center distance of a stone wall. More particularly, the invention provides a means and method for installing insulation within an existing stone wall.
  • the insulation of a building is carried out during its construction. Insulation systems such as glass wool, for example, are then integrated into the walls forming the dwelling.
  • Insulation systems such as glass wool, for example, are then integrated into the walls forming the dwelling.
  • the insulation a posteriori proves to be more complex.
  • the invention proposes a solution making it possible to effectively insulate buildings already constructed, without distorting their facades.
  • the invention relates to a system for insulating a stone wall comprising at least an interior wall and an exterior wall spaced apart from each other to form a center distance, a water-repellent concrete extending at least under the wall interior and/or the exterior wall, the insulation system comprising rot-proof insulation located in the center distance and linked to one or the other of the interior wall or the exterior wall by a system of metal rails, the insulation rot-proof being covered with a vapor barrier film, the insulation system being configured in such a way that an air gap remains in the center distance, the inner wall and the outer wall being connected to each other by threaded rods chemically sealed in at least one of the inner wall or the outer wall.
  • the threaded rods are staggered relative to each other.
  • the insulation system comprises a metal lathing which extends in the center distance against one or the other of the interior wall or the exterior wall.
  • At least one of the inner wall and/or of the outer wall is covered with a lime-based mortar.
  • the invention also relates to a stone wall comprising at least an interior wall and an exterior wall spaced apart from each other to form a center distance, the stone wall comprising an insulation system according to any one of the characteristics previous.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wall 10 before the implementation of an insulation method according to the invention and made of cut stone. More particularly, the wall 10 is made of a superposition of stone cut in the vertical direction V and of headers 11 joined to each other by a lime-based mortar.
  • Wall 10 according to picture 3 corresponds to wall 10 of the figure 1 within which an insulation system 12 according to an example of the invention has been put in place by the insulation method.
  • Wall 10 according to picture 3 comprises two masonry walls 14, hereinafter called inner wall 14a and outer wall 14b. It is understood that the interior wall 14a and the exterior wall 14b are thus named according to their position relative to an environment outside the building. In particular, the inner wall 14a participates in delimiting an internal space 16 of the building.
  • the two masonry walls 14 are both made of cut stones, stacked on top of each other in the vertical direction V and sealed together by the lime-based mortar.
  • the inner wall 14a and the outer wall 14b are spaced from each other by a transverse space of between 10cm and 20cm in the transverse direction T.
  • a transverse space between the two masonry walls 14 is called center distance 18 of the wall 10 .
  • a rot-proof insulation 20 extends in the center distance 18 of the wall 10.
  • the rot-proof insulation 20 can be, for example and without limitation, expanded cork or recycled textile or cotton or hemp.
  • the rot-proof insulation 20 extends over a transverse thickness of between 12cm to 14cm and has a thermal coefficient of 3.00 to 3.75 m 2 . KW.
  • the rot-proof insulation 20 is in particular held in position in the center distance 18 by means of a system of metal rails 22, used for example for plasterboard such as plasterboard ® BA13.
  • the system of metal rails 22 is for example secured to the outer wall 14b, in the distance between centers 18, and in such a way that the rot-proof insulation 20 is fixed to the outer wall 14b in the distance between centers 18.
  • the metal rail system 22 may include vertical rails and/or horizontal rails.
  • horizontal rails 22a can be secured to the outer wall 14b in the center distance and vertical rails 22b can be used to press the rot-proof insulation 20 against the outer wall 14b
  • a vapor barrier film 24 is arranged to cover the rot-proof insulation 20, so that the rot-proof insulation 20 extends in the center distance 18 between the wall exterior 14b and the vapor barrier film 24.
  • the vapor barrier film 24 extends between the rot-proof insulation 20 and the vertical rails 22b.
  • the center distance 18 of the wall 10 is configured such that an air gap 26 remains between the vapor barrier film 24 and the interior wall 14a.
  • Such an air gap 26 makes it possible, among other things, to allow the outer wall 14a to breathe.
  • the vertical rails 22b participate in forming this air gap 26.
  • the wall 10, and in particular at least the inner wall 14a rests on a layer of waterproof concrete 28.
  • the layer of waterproof concrete 28 extends under the inner wall 14a and under the center distance 18.
  • the whole of the wall 10 comprising the inner wall 14a, the outer wall 14b, the rotproof insulation 20 and the vapor barrier film 24 are linked to each other by threaded rods 30 chemically sealed and passing through them.
  • the threaded rods 30 extend in particular in the transverse direction T, through the wall 10.
  • the method includes a first step during which the wall 10, visible at the figure 1 , is partly disassembled. More particularly, an interior part of the wall 10 is dismantled so as to leave only an exterior part remaining, then forming the exterior wall 14b mentioned above and as can be seen at picture 2 .
  • an outer part of the wall can be dismantled in order to leave only an inner part forming the inner wall mentioned above.
  • a high floor 32 can be supported.
  • the remaining masonry wall here the outer wall 14b
  • the outer wall 14b is reinforced by a treatment based on mortar and lime. More particularly, the face of the outer wall 14b intended to be in the spacing 18 mentioned above is reinforced by the treatment based on mortar and lime.
  • a water-repellent concrete foundation 28 is then cast so that it extends vertically opposite the center distance 18 and the interior wall 14a as mentioned above.
  • the outer wall 14b is then pierced in order to introduce the threaded rods 30 therein in the transverse direction T, that is to say substantially perpendicular to the outer wall 14b.
  • the threaded rods 30 have a diameter of between 12mm and 14mm. The threaded rods 30 once introduced into the holes formed in the outer wall 14b, are chemically sealed.
  • the outer wall 14b is pierced in anyone so that the threaded rods 30 are arranged in anyone.
  • the metal rails 22, here the horizontal rails 22a are installed on the outer wall 14b. More specifically, the horizontal rails 22a are integral with the face of the outer wall 14b intended to be in the center distance 18 mentioned above.
  • a rot-proof insulation 20 is placed against the outer wall 14b, and is in particular secured with the horizontal rails 22a previously installed. It is then understood that the rotproof insulation 20 is pierced by the threaded rods 30 previously secured to the outer wall 14b.
  • the vapor barrier film 24 is arranged to cover the rot-proof insulation 20 as mentioned above.
  • the vapor barrier film 24 is also crossed by the threaded rods 30.
  • the vertical rails 22b are installed against the rot-proof insulation 20, and more particularly against the vapor barrier film 24 previously installed.
  • a metal lath 34 visible at figure 4 , is disposed overlapping the vertical rails 22b by being integral with the latter.
  • the thickness of the vertical rails 22b, in the transverse direction T makes it possible to form the air gap 26 of transverse dimension between 0.5 cm and 50 cm between the vapor barrier film and the interior wall 14a.
  • the inner wall 14a is raised against the metal lath 34 and in such a way as to form the center distance 18 as mentioned above.
  • the wall 10 is obtained as described above.
  • the wall 10 thus obtained has a thickness of between 54cm and 106cm.
  • the wall insulation system and its associated method according to the invention are advantageous in that they make it possible to preserve the appearance and the components of the existing wall while providing optimal thermal insulation of said wall.
  • Such an insulation method can thus be implemented on monuments, for example historical ones, without risking denaturing them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention propose un système d'isolation (12) d'un mur (10) en pierre comprenant au moins une paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et une paroi extérieure (14, 14b) espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un entraxe (18), un béton hydrofuge (28) s'étendant au moins sous la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et/ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b), le système d'isolation (12) comprenant un isolant imputrescible (20) situé dans l'entraxe (18) et lié à l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14,14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) par un système de rails métalliques (22), l'isolant imputrescible (20) étant recouvert d'un film pare-vapeur (24), le système d'isolation (12) étant configuré de telle sorte qu'une lame d'air (26) subsiste dans l'entraxe (18), la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) étant reliées l'une à l'autre par des tiges filetées (30) scellées chimiquement dans au moins une de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou de la paroi extérieure (14, 14b).

Figure imgaf001
The invention provides an insulation system (12) for a stone wall (10) comprising at least one interior wall (14, 14a) and an exterior wall (14, 14b) spaced from each other to forming a center distance (18), a water-repellent concrete (28) extending at least under the interior wall (14, 14a) and/or the exterior wall (14, 14b), the insulation system (12) comprising an insulator rot-proof (20) located in the center distance (18) and linked to one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) by a system of metal rails (22), the rot-proof insulation (20) being covered with a vapor barrier film (24), the insulation system (12) being configured such that an air gap (26) remains in the center distance (18 ), the inner wall (14, 14a) and the outer wall (14, 14b) being connected to each other by threaded rods (30) chemically sealed in at least one of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

Le système d'isolation consiste à introduire un isolant dans un entraxe d'un mur en pierre. Plus particulièrement, l'invention propose un moyen et un procédé d'installation d'une isolation au sein d'un mur en pierre existant.The insulation system consists of introducing an insulator in a center distance of a stone wall. More particularly, the invention provides a means and method for installing insulation within an existing stone wall.

Habituellement, l'isolation d'un bâtiment, par exemple une habitation, s'effectue lors de sa construction. Des systèmes d'isolation tels que par exemple de la laine de verre, sont alors intégrés dans les murs formant l'habitation. Cependant, pour les constructions déjà établies, l'isolation a posteriori s'avère plus complexe.Usually, the insulation of a building, for example a dwelling, is carried out during its construction. Insulation systems such as glass wool, for example, are then integrated into the walls forming the dwelling. However, for buildings already established, the insulation a posteriori proves to be more complex.

Des solutions existent pour isoler des constructions déjà implantées et consistent principalement en une isolation par l'extérieur en recouvrant les murs existants par des plaques isolantes. Cette solution bien qu'efficace, ne peut s'appliquer à tous les murs.Solutions exist to insulate constructions already established and consist mainly of insulation from the outside by covering the existing walls with insulating plates. This solution, although effective, cannot be applied to all walls.

En effet, pour les bâtiments par exemple anciens et/ou classés, l'isolation par l'extérieur tend à dénaturer les constructions en les camouflant. Notamment, l'utilisation de l'isolation par l'extérieur au moyen de panneaux, recouvre des murs dont les pierres octroient un esthétisme particulier au bâtiment.Indeed, for old and/or listed buildings, for example, external insulation tends to distort the constructions by camouflaging them. In particular, the use of insulation from the outside by means of panels, covers walls whose stones give a particular aesthetic to the building.

Ainsi, l'invention propose une solution permettant d'isoler efficacement des bâtiments déjà construits, sans dénaturer leurs façades.Thus, the invention proposes a solution making it possible to effectively insulate buildings already constructed, without distorting their facades.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention porte sur un système d'isolation d'un mur en pierre comprenant au moins une paroi intérieure et une paroi extérieure espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un entraxe, un béton hydrofuge s'étendant au moins sous la paroi intérieure et/ou la paroi extérieure, le système d'isolation comprenant un isolant imputrescible situé dans l'entraxe et lié à l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure par un système de rails métalliques, l'isolant imputrescible étant recouvert d'un film pare-vapeur, le système d'isolation étant configuré de telle sorte qu'une lame d'air subsiste dans l'entraxe, la paroi intérieure et la paroi extérieure étant reliées l'une à l'autre par des tiges filetées scellées chimiquement dans au moins une de la paroi intérieure ou de la paroi extérieure.The invention relates to a system for insulating a stone wall comprising at least an interior wall and an exterior wall spaced apart from each other to form a center distance, a water-repellent concrete extending at least under the wall interior and/or the exterior wall, the insulation system comprising rot-proof insulation located in the center distance and linked to one or the other of the interior wall or the exterior wall by a system of metal rails, the insulation rot-proof being covered with a vapor barrier film, the insulation system being configured in such a way that an air gap remains in the center distance, the inner wall and the outer wall being connected to each other by threaded rods chemically sealed in at least one of the inner wall or the outer wall.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, les tiges filetées sont disposées en quinconce les unes par rapport aux autres.According to one characteristic of the invention, the threaded rods are staggered relative to each other.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le système d'isolation comprend un lattis métallique qui s'étend dans l'entraxe contre l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou de la paroi extérieure.According to one characteristic of the invention, the insulation system comprises a metal lathing which extends in the center distance against one or the other of the interior wall or the exterior wall.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, au moins une de la paroi intérieure et/ou de la paroi extérieure est recouverte par un mortier à base de chaux.According to one characteristic of the invention, at least one of the inner wall and/or of the outer wall is covered with a lime-based mortar.

L'invention porte également sur un mur en pierre comprenant au moins une paroi intérieure et une paroi extérieure espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un entraxe, le mur en pierre comprenant un système d'isolation selon l'une quelconque des caractéristiques précédentes.The invention also relates to a stone wall comprising at least an interior wall and an exterior wall spaced apart from each other to form a center distance, the stone wall comprising an insulation system according to any one of the characteristics previous.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé d'isolation d'un mur en pierre déjà existant pour intégrer un système d'isolation selon les caractéristiques précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :

  • d'abord enlever l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure de telle sorte à laisser subsister l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure ;
  • puis renforcer la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure restante en la recouvrant avec un mortier à base de chaux ;
  • puis percer la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure restante de telle sorte à former des trous en quinconce ;
  • puis insérer les tiges filetées dans les trous formés dans l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure et les fixer par scellement chimique ;
  • puis fixer le système de rails métalliques dans l'entraxe sur l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure restante ;
  • puis installer l'isolant imputrescible dans l'entraxe par fixation au système de rails métalliques ;
  • puis installer le film pare-vapeur en recouvrement de l'isolant imputrescible ;
  • puis installer le lattis métallique dans l'entraxe de telle sorte à laisser subsister une lame d'air (26) entre le film pare-vapeur et ledit lattis métallique ;
  • puis remonter la paroi intérieure ou la paroi extérieure préalablement démontée, le long du lattis métallique.
The invention also relates to a method for insulating an already existing stone wall to integrate an insulation system according to the preceding characteristics, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • first remove one or the other of the inner wall or the outer wall so as to leave one or the other of the inner wall or the outer wall;
  • then reinforce the inner wall or the remaining outer wall by covering it with a lime-based mortar;
  • then pierce the inner wall or the remaining outer wall so as to form staggered holes;
  • then insert the threaded rods into the holes formed in one or the other of the inner wall or the outer wall and fix them by chemical sealing;
  • then fix the system of metal rails in the center distance on one or the other of the interior wall or the remaining exterior wall;
  • then install the rot-proof insulation in the centre-to-centre distance by attaching it to the system of metal rails;
  • then install the vapor barrier film covering the rot-proof insulation;
  • then install the metal lath in the center distance so as to leave an air gap (26) between the vapor barrier film and said metal lath;
  • then reassemble the inner wall or the previously dismantled outer wall, along the metal lath.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of figures

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront au cours de la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1] est une vue en coupe verticale et transversale d'un mur en pierre avant la mise en oeuvre du procédé d'isolation selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig.2] est une vue en coupe verticale et transversale du mur en pierre de la figure 1 au cours de la mise en oeuvre du procédé d'isolation selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig.3] est une vue en coupe verticale et transversale du mur de la figure 1 à l'issue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé d'isolation selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig.4] est une vue en éclatée du mur de la figure 3 à l'issue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé d'isolation selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the reading of the detailed description which will follow for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] is a vertical cross-sectional view of a stone wall before the implementation of the insulation method according to the invention;
  • [ Fig.2 ] is a vertical and cross-sectional view of the stone wall of the figure 1 during the implementation of the isolation method according to the invention;
  • [ Fig.3 ] is a vertical cross-sectional view of the wall of the figure 1 at the end of the implementation of the insulation method according to the invention;
  • [ Fig.4 ] is an exploded view of the wall of the picture 3 at the end of the implementation of the method of isolation according to the invention.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

Pour la description de l'invention et la compréhension des revendications, on adoptera à titre non limitatif et sans référence limitative à la gravité terrestre les orientations verticale, longitudinale et transversale selon le repère V, L, T indiqué aux figures dont les axes longitudinal L et transversal T s'étendent dans un plan horizontal. Par convention, l'axe longitudinal L est orienté de l'arrière vers l'avant.For the description of the invention and the understanding of the claims, the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in the figures whose longitudinal axes L and transverse T extend in a horizontal plane. By convention, the longitudinal axis L is oriented from the rear to the front.

La figure 1 illustre un mur 10 avant la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé d'isolation selon l'invention et fait en pierre taillées. Plus particulièrement, le mur 10 est fait d'une superposition de pierre taillées selon la direction verticale V et de boutisses 11jointes les unes aux autres pas un mortier à base de chaux.There figure 1 illustrates a wall 10 before the implementation of an insulation method according to the invention and made of cut stone. More particularly, the wall 10 is made of a superposition of stone cut in the vertical direction V and of headers 11 joined to each other by a lime-based mortar.

Le mur 10 selon la figure 3, correspond au mur 10 de la figure 1 au sein duquel un système d'isolation 12 selon un exemple de l'invention a été mise en place par le procédé d'isolation.Wall 10 according to picture 3 , corresponds to wall 10 of the figure 1 within which an insulation system 12 according to an example of the invention has been put in place by the insulation method.

Le mur 10 selon la figure 3 comprend deux parois maçonnes 14, appelées ci-après paroi intérieure 14a et paroi extérieure 14b. On comprend que la paroi intérieure 14a et la paroi extérieure 14b sont nommées ainsi en fonction de leur position par rapport à un environnement extérieur au bâtiment. Notamment, la paroi intérieure 14a participe à délimiter un espace interne 16 du bâtiment. Les deux parois maçonnes 14 sont toutes deux faites de pierres taillées, empilées les unes sur les autres selon la direction verticale V et scellées ensemble par le mortier à base de chaux.Wall 10 according to picture 3 comprises two masonry walls 14, hereinafter called inner wall 14a and outer wall 14b. It is understood that the interior wall 14a and the exterior wall 14b are thus named according to their position relative to an environment outside the building. In particular, the inner wall 14a participates in delimiting an internal space 16 of the building. The two masonry walls 14 are both made of cut stones, stacked on top of each other in the vertical direction V and sealed together by the lime-based mortar.

Tel que visible à la figure 3, la paroi intérieure 14a et la paroi extérieure 14b sont espacées l'une de l'autre par un espace transversal compris entre 10cm et 20cm selon la direction transversale T. Un tel espace entre les deux parois maçonnes 14 est appelé entraxe 18 du mur 10.As seen at picture 3 , the inner wall 14a and the outer wall 14b are spaced from each other by a transverse space of between 10cm and 20cm in the transverse direction T. Such a space between the two masonry walls 14 is called center distance 18 of the wall 10 .

Selon un exemple de l'invention, un isolant imputrescible 20 s'étend dans l'entraxe 18 du mur 10. L'isolant imputrescible 20 peut être par exemple et de manière non limitative du liège expansé ou du textile recyclé ou de coton ou du chanvre. L'isolant imputrescible 20 s'étend sur une épaisseur transversale comprise entre 12cm à 14cm et comprend un coefficient thermique de 3,00 à 3,75 m2. KW.According to an example of the invention, a rot-proof insulation 20 extends in the center distance 18 of the wall 10. The rot-proof insulation 20 can be, for example and without limitation, expanded cork or recycled textile or cotton or hemp. The rot-proof insulation 20 extends over a transverse thickness of between 12cm to 14cm and has a thermal coefficient of 3.00 to 3.75 m 2 . KW.

L'isolant imputrescible 20 est notamment maintenu en position dans l'entraxe 18 au moyen d'un système de rails métalliques 22, utilisées par exemple pour des plaques de plâtre tels que des plaques en Placoplâtre® BA13.The rot-proof insulation 20 is in particular held in position in the center distance 18 by means of a system of metal rails 22, used for example for plasterboard such as plasterboard ® BA13.

Le système de rails métalliques 22 est par exemple solidaire de la paroi extérieure 14b, dans l'entraxe 18, et de telle sorte que l'isolant imputrescible 20 soit solidaire de la paroi extérieure 14b dans l'entraxe 18.The system of metal rails 22 is for example secured to the outer wall 14b, in the distance between centers 18, and in such a way that the rot-proof insulation 20 is fixed to the outer wall 14b in the distance between centers 18.

Le système de rails métalliques 22 peut comprendre des rails verticaux et/ou des rails horizontaux. Ainsi, selon un exemple de l'invention visible à la figure 4, des rails horizontaux 22a peuvent être solidaires de la paroi extérieur 14b dans l'entraxe et des rails verticaux 22b peuvent être utilisés pour plaquer l'isolant imputrescible 20 contre la paroi extérieur 14bThe metal rail system 22 may include vertical rails and/or horizontal rails. Thus, according to an example of the invention visible at figure 4 , horizontal rails 22a can be secured to the outer wall 14b in the center distance and vertical rails 22b can be used to press the rot-proof insulation 20 against the outer wall 14b

Afin de limiter l'humidité de l'isolant imputrescible 20, un film pare-vapeur 24 est disposé en recouvrement de l'isolant imputrescible 20, de telle sorte que l'isolant imputrescible 20 s'étende dans l'entraxe 18 entre la paroi extérieure 14b et le film pare-vapeur 24. Dans l'exemple illustré de l'invention à la figure 4, le film pare-vapeur 24 s'étend entre l'isolant imputrescible 20 et les rails verticaux 22b.In order to limit the humidity of the rot-proof insulation 20, a vapor barrier film 24 is arranged to cover the rot-proof insulation 20, so that the rot-proof insulation 20 extends in the center distance 18 between the wall exterior 14b and the vapor barrier film 24. In the illustrated example of the invention at figure 4 , the vapor barrier film 24 extends between the rot-proof insulation 20 and the vertical rails 22b.

Par ailleurs, l'entraxe 18 du mur 10 est configuré de telle sorte qu'une lame d'air 26 subsiste entre le film pare-vapeur 24 et la paroi intérieure 14a. Une telle lame d'air 26 permet entre autres de laisser respirer la paroi extérieur 14a. Selon l'exemple de l'invention de la figure 4, les rails verticaux 22b participent à former cette lame d'air 26.Furthermore, the center distance 18 of the wall 10 is configured such that an air gap 26 remains between the vapor barrier film 24 and the interior wall 14a. Such an air gap 26 makes it possible, among other things, to allow the outer wall 14a to breathe. According to the example of the invention of the figure 4 , the vertical rails 22b participate in forming this air gap 26.

Tel que visible sur la figure 3, le mur 10, et notamment au moins la paroi intérieure 14a repose sur une couche de béton hydrofuge 28. Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, la couche de béton hydrofuge 28 s'étend sous la paroi intérieure 14a et sous l'entraxe 18.As seen on the picture 3 , the wall 10, and in particular at least the inner wall 14a rests on a layer of waterproof concrete 28. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the layer of waterproof concrete 28 extends under the inner wall 14a and under the center distance 18.

L'ensemble du mur 10 comprenant la paroi intérieure 14a, la paroi extérieure 14b, l'isolant imputrescible 20 et le film pare-vapeur 24 sont liés les uns aux autres par des tiges filetées 30 scellées chimiquement et les traversant. Les tiges filetées 30 s'étendent notamment selon la direction transversale T, au travers du mur 10.The whole of the wall 10 comprising the inner wall 14a, the outer wall 14b, the rotproof insulation 20 and the vapor barrier film 24 are linked to each other by threaded rods 30 chemically sealed and passing through them. The threaded rods 30 extend in particular in the transverse direction T, through the wall 10.

Le procédé d'isolation du mur 10 en pierre décrit ci-dessus va maintenant être décrit au moyen des figures 1 à 4.The method of insulating the stone wall 10 described above will now be described by means of the figures 1 to 4 .

Le procédé comprend une première étape au cours de laquelle le mur 10, visible à la figure 1, est en partie démonté. Plus particulièrement, une partie intérieure du mur 10 est démontée afin de ne laisser subsister qu'une partie extérieure formant alors la paroi extérieure 14b évoquée précédemment et tel que cela est visible à la figure 2.The method includes a first step during which the wall 10, visible at the figure 1 , is partly disassembled. More particularly, an interior part of the wall 10 is dismantled so as to leave only an exterior part remaining, then forming the exterior wall 14b mentioned above and as can be seen at picture 2 .

Selon une alternative de l'invention non représentée, une partie extérieure du mur peut être démontée afin de ne laisser subsister qu'une partie intérieure formant la paroi intérieure évoquée précédemment.According to an alternative of the invention not shown, an outer part of the wall can be dismantled in order to leave only an inner part forming the inner wall mentioned above.

Afin de sécuriser cette opération, un plancher haut 32 peut être étayé.In order to secure this operation, a high floor 32 can be supported.

Par la suite, la paroi maçonnée restante, ici la paroi extérieure 14b, est renforcée par un traitement à base de mortier et de chaux. Plus particulièrement, la face de la paroi extérieure 14b destinée à être dans l'entraxe 18 évoqué précédemment est renforcée par le traitement à base de mortier et de chaux.Subsequently, the remaining masonry wall, here the outer wall 14b, is reinforced by a treatment based on mortar and lime. More particularly, the face of the outer wall 14b intended to be in the spacing 18 mentioned above is reinforced by the treatment based on mortar and lime.

Une fondation en béton hydrofuge 28 est alors coulée de telle sorte qu'elle s'étende verticalement en regard de l'entraxe 18 et de la paroi intérieure 14a tel qu'évoqué précédemment.A water-repellent concrete foundation 28 is then cast so that it extends vertically opposite the center distance 18 and the interior wall 14a as mentioned above.

La paroi extérieure 14b est ensuite percée afin d'y introduire les tiges filetées 30 selon la direction transversale T, c'est-à-dire sensiblement perpendiculairement à la paroi extérieure 14b. Selon un exemple de l'invention, les tiges filetées 30 présentent un diamètre compris entre 12mm et 14mm. Les tiges filetées 30 une fois introduites dans les perçages formés dans la paroi extérieure 14b, sont scellées chimiquement.The outer wall 14b is then pierced in order to introduce the threaded rods 30 therein in the transverse direction T, that is to say substantially perpendicular to the outer wall 14b. According to an example of the invention, the threaded rods 30 have a diameter of between 12mm and 14mm. The threaded rods 30 once introduced into the holes formed in the outer wall 14b, are chemically sealed.

La paroi extérieure 14b est percée en quiconque de telle sorte que les tiges filetées 30 soient disposées en quiconque.The outer wall 14b is pierced in anyone so that the threaded rods 30 are arranged in anyone.

Une fois les tiges filetées 30 installées, les rails métalliques 22, ici les rails horizontaux 22a, sont installés sur la paroi extérieure 14b. Plus particulièrement, les rails horizontaux 22a sont solidaires de la face de la paroi extérieure 14b destinée à être dans l'entraxe 18 évoqué précédemment.Once the threaded rods 30 are installed, the metal rails 22, here the horizontal rails 22a, are installed on the outer wall 14b. More specifically, the horizontal rails 22a are integral with the face of the outer wall 14b intended to be in the center distance 18 mentioned above.

Une fois les rails métalliques 22 installés, un isolant imputrescible 20 est disposé contre la paroi extérieure 14b, et est notamment solidarisé avec les rails horizontaux 22a précédemment installés. On comprend alors que l'isolant imputrescible 20 est transpercé par les tiges filetées 30 précédemment solidarisées à la paroi extérieure 14b.Once the metal rails 22 have been installed, a rot-proof insulation 20 is placed against the outer wall 14b, and is in particular secured with the horizontal rails 22a previously installed. It is then understood that the rotproof insulation 20 is pierced by the threaded rods 30 previously secured to the outer wall 14b.

Par la suite, le film pare-vapeur 24 est disposé en recouvrement de l'isolant imputrescible 20 tel qu'évoqué précédemment. Le film pare-vapeur 24 est lui aussi traversé par les tiges filetées 30.Subsequently, the vapor barrier film 24 is arranged to cover the rot-proof insulation 20 as mentioned above. The vapor barrier film 24 is also crossed by the threaded rods 30.

Une fois le film pare-vapeur 24 installé, les rails verticaux 22b sont installés contre l'isolant imputrescible 20, et plus particulièrement contre le film pare-vapeur 24 précédemment installé.Once the vapor barrier film 24 has been installed, the vertical rails 22b are installed against the rot-proof insulation 20, and more particularly against the vapor barrier film 24 previously installed.

Ensuite, un lattis métallique 34, visible à la figure 4, est disposé en recouvrement des rails verticaux 22b en étant solidaire de ces derniers.Next, a metal lath 34, visible at figure 4 , is disposed overlapping the vertical rails 22b by being integral with the latter.

On comprend par ailleurs que l'épaisseur des rails verticaux 22b, selon la direction transversale T, permet de former la lame d'air 26 de dimension transversale comprise entre 0,5cm et 50cm entre le film pare-vapeur et la paroi intérieur 14a.It is also understood that the thickness of the vertical rails 22b, in the transverse direction T, makes it possible to form the air gap 26 of transverse dimension between 0.5 cm and 50 cm between the vapor barrier film and the interior wall 14a.

Une fois le lattis métallique 34 installé, la paroi intérieure 14a est remontée contre le lattis métallique 34 et de telle sorte à former l'entraxe 18 tel qu'évoqué précédemment. Ainsi, on obtient le mur 10 tel que décrit ci-dessus.Once the metal lath 34 has been installed, the inner wall 14a is raised against the metal lath 34 and in such a way as to form the center distance 18 as mentioned above. Thus, the wall 10 is obtained as described above.

Le mur 10 ainsi obtenu présente une épaisseur comprise entre 54cm et 106cm.The wall 10 thus obtained has a thickness of between 54cm and 106cm.

Le système d'isolation du mur et son procédé associé selon l'invention sont avantageux en ce qu'ils permettent de conserver l'aspect et les composants du mur existant tout en apportant une isolation thermique optimale dudit mur. Un tel procédé d'isolation peut ainsi être mis en oeuvre sur des monuments par exemple historiques sans risquer de les dénaturer.The wall insulation system and its associated method according to the invention are advantageous in that they make it possible to preserve the appearance and the components of the existing wall while providing optimal thermal insulation of said wall. Such an insulation method can thus be implemented on monuments, for example historical ones, without risking denaturing them.

Claims (6)

Système d'isolation (12) d'un mur (10) en pierre comprenant au moins une paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et une paroi extérieure (14, 14b) espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un entraxe (18), un béton hydrofuge (28) s'étendant au moins sous la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et/ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b), le système d'isolation (12) comprenant un isolant imputrescible (20) situé dans l'entraxe (18) et lié à l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14,14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) par un système de rails métalliques (22), l'isolant imputrescible (20) étant recouvert d'un film pare-vapeur (24), le système d'isolation (12) étant configuré de telle sorte qu'une lame d'air (26) subsiste dans l'entraxe (18), la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) étant reliées l'une à l'autre par des tiges filetées (30) scellées chimiquement dans au moins une de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou de la paroi extérieure (14, 14b).Insulation system (12) for a stone wall (10) comprising at least one interior wall (14, 14a) and an exterior wall (14, 14b) spaced apart from each other to form a center distance (18 ), a water-repellent concrete (28) extending at least under the interior wall (14, 14a) and/or the exterior wall (14, 14b), the insulation system (12) comprising a rot-proof insulation (20) located in the center distance (18) and linked to one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) by a system of metal rails (22), the rot-proof insulation ( 20) being covered with a vapor barrier film (24), the insulation system (12) being configured such that an air gap (26) remains in the center distance (18), the inner wall (14, 14a) and the outer wall (14, 14b) being connected to each other by threaded rods (30) chemically sealed in at least one of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b). Système d'isolation (12) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les tiges filetées (30) sont disposées en quinconce les unes par rapport aux autres.An insulation system (12) according to claim 1, wherein the threaded rods (30) are staggered relative to each other. Système d'isolation (12) selon la revendication 1, comprenant un lattis métallique (34) qui s'étend dans l'entraxe (18) contre l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou de la paroi extérieure (14, 14b).An insulation system (12) according to claim 1, comprising a metal lath (34) which extends in the center distance (18) against either of the interior wall (14, 14a) or of the outer wall (14, 14b). Système d'isolation (12) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel au moins une de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et/ou de la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) est recouverte par un mortier à base de chaux.Insulation system (12) according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the inner wall (14, 14a) and/or the outer wall (14, 14b) is covered with a lime-based mortar. Mur (10) en pierre comprenant au moins une paroi intérieure (14, 14a) et une paroi extérieure (14, 14b) espacées l'une de l'autre pour former un entraxe (18), le mur (10) en pierre comprenant un système d'isolation (12) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.A stone wall (10) comprising at least one interior wall (14, 14a) and an exterior wall (14, 14b) spaced apart to form a center distance (18), the stone wall (10) comprising an isolation system (12) according to any preceding claim. Procédé d'isolation d'un mur (10) en pierre déjà existant pour intégrer un système d'isolation (12) selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes : - d'abord enlever l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) de telle sorte à laisser subsister l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) ; - puis renforcer la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) restante en la recouvrant avec un mortier à base de chaux ; - puis percer la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) restante de telle sorte à former des trous en quinconce ; - puis insérer les tiges filetées (30) dans les trous formés dans l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) et les fixer par scellement chimique ; - puis fixer le système de rails métalliques (22) dans l'entraxe (18) sur l'une ou l'autre de la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) restante ; - puis installer l'isolant imputrescible (20) dans l'entraxe (18) par fixation au système de rails métalliques (22) ; - puis installer le film pare-vapeur (24) en recouvrement de l'isolant imputrescible (20) ; - puis installer le lattis métallique (34) dans l'entraxe (18) de telle sorte à laisser subsister une lame d'air (26) entre le film pare-vapeur (24) et ledit lattis métallique (34) ; - puis remonter la paroi intérieure (14, 14a) ou la paroi extérieure (14, 14b) préalablement démontée, le long du lattis métallique (34). Method for insulating an existing stone wall (10) to integrate an insulation system (12) according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - first remove one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) so as to leave one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b); - then reinforce the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) remaining by covering it with a lime-based mortar; - Then drill the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) remaining so as to form staggered holes; - then insert the threaded rods (30) into the holes formed in one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) and fix them by chemical sealing; - then fix the system of metal rails (22) in the center distance (18) on one or the other of the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) remaining; - then install the rot-proof insulation (20) in the center distance (18) by fixing to the system of metal rails (22); - then install the vapor barrier film (24) covering the rot-proof insulation (20); - then install the metal lath (34) in the center distance (18) so as to leave an air gap (26) between the vapor barrier film (24) and said metal lath (34); - Then reassemble the inner wall (14, 14a) or the outer wall (14, 14b) previously disassembled, along the metal lath (34).
EP22215284.5A 2021-12-27 2022-12-21 System for insulating stone wall on transverse sides and method of insulating an existing stone wall Pending EP4202139A1 (en)

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FR2114543A FR3131338B1 (en) 2021-12-27 2021-12-27 Stone wall insulation system on the center distance

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KR20060034153A (en) * 2004-10-18 2006-04-21 최연수 Reinforcement system for outer wall of structure
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