EP4194664A1 - Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4194664A1
EP4194664A1 EP21213577.6A EP21213577A EP4194664A1 EP 4194664 A1 EP4194664 A1 EP 4194664A1 EP 21213577 A EP21213577 A EP 21213577A EP 4194664 A1 EP4194664 A1 EP 4194664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
polystyrene
fastening
underground mining
deformations
compression
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21213577.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manuel Entfellner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Implenia Schweiz Ag
Original Assignee
Implenia Schweiz Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Implenia Schweiz Ag filed Critical Implenia Schweiz Ag
Priority to EP21213577.6A priority Critical patent/EP4194664A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2022/084538 priority patent/WO2023104772A1/fr
Priority to CA3240284A priority patent/CA3240284A1/fr
Publication of EP4194664A1 publication Critical patent/EP4194664A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, a method for producing a fastening layer suitable for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, the use of a polystyrene compression element and a method for producing such a device.
  • compression elements made of various materials are known from the prior art.
  • compression elements which include concrete, plastic or steel and contain reinforcing elements, such as from EP 1564369 B1 .
  • upsetting elements which have tubes with their Longitudinal axis are arranged either radially or tangentially to the shotcrete shell, such as from EP 2918772 A2 .
  • the known compression elements according to the prior art have the disadvantage that they are heavy and unwieldy. At least two people are required for installation. This makes installation complex and expensive.
  • the known upsetting elements are composed of different bodies and materials. The load transfer of the surfaces of the upsetting elements resting on the shotcrete shell is not optimal with the previous elements. Due to the composition of the known upsetting elements from different materials, which are also shaped differently (pipe, cuboid, etc.), the known upsetting elements are also difficult for users on the construction site to adapt individually in their geometric shape to the existing installation conditions. Due to the composition of the previous upsetting elements from different materials and different shapes, the upsetting elements are also complex to manufacture and therefore expensive.
  • the task is solved with an apparatus, a manufacturing method for an attachment layer, a method for manufacturing a device and the use of a polystyrene compression element according to the independent claims.
  • the object is achieved by a device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, in particular a compression element, the device having a base area, a height extension and a depth extension and comprising polystyrene.
  • the device preferably comprises expanded polystyrene, particularly preferably high strength expanded polystyrene.
  • Polystyrenes show a non-linear, hyper-elasto-plastic deformation behavior. Such a device enables optimal compression behavior and leads to a permanent connection between the rock and the shotcrete lining.
  • Another advantageous property of polystyrene is the robustness of polystyrene to environmental influences and the extraordinary longevity of polystyrene.
  • Polystyrene is essentially non-rotting and insensitive to moisture.
  • polystyrene has a high resistance to chemical influences and a high corrosion resistance.
  • the devices can therefore also be used under adverse conditions in underground mining (e.g. moisture) and generally on the construction site. Due to its chemical resistance and corrosion resistance, polystyrene can also be used in groundwater.
  • the tangential forces can be transferred over the entire surface of the shotcrete shell.
  • the uniform power transmission avoids areas with a particularly high power transmission and surfaces with a particularly low power transmission.
  • the force is essentially even and therefore gentle introduced into the shotcrete and areas with particularly high loads are avoided.
  • damage to and spalling of the shotcrete shell can be reduced and an advantageous dimensioning of the shotcrete shell is possible.
  • a polymeric flame retardant may be included in the polystyrene.
  • the polystyrene is then flame retardant and thus has an advantageous fire behavior. As a result, there is essentially no formation of smoke.
  • the polystyrene can exhibit self-extinguishing behavior.
  • the compression elements can also be used underground and essentially no additional fire protection equipment is required when using the polystyrene.
  • the devices preferably contain essentially no reinforcing elements such as pipes or rods. This enables a simple and therefore inexpensive production.
  • the device can be made of polystyrene.
  • the devices Due to the simple construction of the devices from essentially a single material, the devices can be manufactured particularly inexpensively, are easy to process and simple to use.
  • the devices can be essentially cuboid.
  • the devices are stackable and easy to produce and install.
  • the length of the device can be greater than the height and/or depth.
  • the devices can be manufactured, stacked, transported and installed in a simple and uncomplicated manner.
  • the device can, for example, have a length of 80 cm, a height of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm. Of course, other masses are also possible.
  • the device can be composed of several element layers, the element layers being arranged one on top of the other along the height extension.
  • This advantageous configuration of the device makes it possible to produce the device with different height extensions or to quickly and easily adapt the height extension of the device to the prevailing on-site conditions. It is possible to separate the element layers of a swage element by means commonly available on site (e.g. a saw) or to add further element layers to a swage element.
  • the added layers of elements can be fixed, for example, with glue or mechanical fasteners such as wires, screws, or staples.
  • the elements can be connected particularly easily by means of adhesive.
  • the compression element can adapt to the given installation conditions be adjusted on site.
  • the upsetting element can be very easily adapted to different conditions by a user.
  • the devices may contain other materials in minor amounts, such as glue or fasteners. The other added materials in minor amounts do not substantially change the deformation properties of the device. Other materials are added to the device essentially to optimize the fabrication and/or installation of the device and not to affect the deformation behavior of the device.
  • the device can comprise at least two different densities, in particular at least two, preferably three, element layers of different densities.
  • the devices can thus contain polystyrene with different densities.
  • the polystyrene can exhibit a deformation behavior that includes a linear-elastic zone, a flow zone and a compression zone.
  • the linear-elastic zone the stress increases essentially in direct proportion to the compression.
  • the linear elastic zone is generally between 2 percent and 5 percent of the compression of the polystyrene.
  • the yield zone is essentially in the range between 5 percent and 60 percent of the compression of the polystyrene.
  • the stress increases while the compression essentially increases only slightly. The compression takes place in Essentially from a compression of 60 percent of the polystyrene.
  • a symmetrical arrangement of layers of different densities can be formed, so that two layers of the same density are formed in a device.
  • a single middle layer can be formed here.
  • the upset elements ordered by the construction site can be fabricated in a factory with the desired properties. It is also conceivable that the element layers are fabricated in several densities in a factory and delivered to the construction site as element layers. Several element layers with the same or different densities can then be put together on site. It is therefore conceivable to manufacture the compression elements in a factory as well as to manufacture element layers in a factory with subsequent delivery of the element layers as semi-finished products to a construction site and with subsequent assembly of the semi-finished products to form a finished product (compression element) which can then be installed.
  • the device can have a lower density on the outside along the height extension than in the middle area.
  • the device nestles against the shotcrete along the height extent on the outside where the force is applied to the shotcrete.
  • unevenness which regularly occurs with shotcrete, can be leveled out.
  • an advantageous transmission of force to the shotcrete is possible essentially over the entire contact surface of the compression element with the shotcrete.
  • the force of the compression element can be introduced into the shotcrete over the entire contact surface. This ensures a large-area and gentle power transmission, which minimizes the risk of damage to the shotcrete.
  • the device has a density in the range from 100 kg/m3 to 500 kg/m3.
  • the element layers essentially each have a density of between 230 kg/m3 and 410 kg/m3.
  • the device At the specified density, the device will be crushed before the shotcrete is significantly damaged. At the same time, the device is so stiff that, in combination with the shotcrete, the pressure of the surrounding rock can be absorbed. Thus, with the given densities, the device has the deformation properties that are necessary to be able to work sensibly in combination with the shotcrete shell.
  • the device has a weight of less than 40 kg.
  • the device Due to the device's weight of less than 40 kg, the device can be installed by a single user. As a result, the installation of the device is not very expensive.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a fastening layer suitable for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, the fastening layer comprising an inner layer, in particular a shotcrete layer or a layer of segments, and a device as described above being arranged in the inner layer.
  • the device By installing the device in the inner layer, the device can be easily installed by a user from the inside. In addition, the correct installation and compression of the devices can always be checked visually.
  • the device can first be placed on a radially arranged surface in the area of the subsequent shotcrete shell and then fixed.
  • the device can also first be attached to a horizontal fastening element or placed on a horizontal fastening element and then fixed by means of fastening means.
  • the horizontal fastener may be made of steel, plastic, a composite material, or other suitable material. The type of installation is therefore extremely simple and flexible.
  • the fastening layer can comprise a fastening grid which is arranged between the inner layer and the mountain.
  • the fastening grid can advantageously absorb the tensile forces in the shotcrete and facilitate the assembly of the device.
  • the mounting grid can, for example, comprise steel or plastic.
  • the fastening grid can also be made of a composite material.
  • the device can advantageously be attached to the fastening grid. This can be done, for example, by tying straps, cords or other attachment means around the device and looping them around one or more elongate horizontal or vertical grid members. It is also conceivable for the device to be attached to a substantially cylindrical fastening element with hooks.
  • the hooks can be made of steel.
  • the hooks can be let into the device at one end and have an essentially hook-like shape at the other end, so that the device can be hung on the fastening element with the ends of the hooks bent essentially like a hook.
  • the second end of the hook is designed in the shape of a segment of a circle.
  • a different shape of the hook for example with one or more angles and/ or bends, is possible. Due to the advantageous arrangement of the fastening element, the device can be transported extremely comfortably by a user. Furthermore, the fastening element can be used for installation by hanging the device with the fastening element on the support grid or by placing the device on a fastening element suspended in the support grid.
  • the device can then be fastened to the fastening grid with additional fastening means, for example with wires, belts or cable ties.
  • additional fastening means for example with wires, belts or cable ties.
  • the height dimension of the device may be tangential to the cavity.
  • the base of the device may be arranged radially to the cavity.
  • This arrangement of the device makes bending, tipping or lateral-torsional buckling of the device extremely unlikely and there is a high probability that the device will be compressed as intended. This ensures high reliability of the device.
  • the attachment layer may comprise at least two attachment sheets, with the device being placed between the two attachment sheets.
  • the device may rest on a fastener or hang from a fastener connecting the mounting arches.
  • the fastener is positioned along the longitudinal axis of the cavity created in the underground mine.
  • the device can be installed particularly advantageously by installing a fastening element in a substantially horizontal direction between the fastening arches.
  • the fastening element can be a rod made of steel or plastic, for example.
  • the device can be placed on the mounting element or can be attached to the mounting element.
  • the device can be installed particularly advantageously by hanging the fastening element on the two hooks located on the device and then hanging it with the attached device first into a first fastening bow and then into a second fastening bow.
  • the device can also be installed by first hanging the fastening element in the first fastening bow and then in the second fastening bow and then hanging the device with the hooks on the fastening element or placing it on the fastening element.
  • the device can then be fixed to the mounting grid with wires, straps, cable ties or other fastening elements. This type of installation is simple, straightforward and error-free.
  • the object of the invention is further achieved through the use of a polystyrene compression element for absorbing rock deformations in tunnel construction, in particular a polystyrene compression element with layers of different densities.
  • a polystyrene compression element to absorb rock deformations in tunnel construction is a simple, inexpensive and uncomplicated method of absorbing the deformations that occur in tunnel construction, for example in a shotcrete shell or in segments.
  • the object of the invention is further achieved by a method for producing a device as described above, the device being assembled from a plurality of polystyrene bodies.
  • the polystyrene bodies can be cuboid.
  • the polystyrene bodies can be joined together by gluing.
  • a method for producing a device from a plurality of polystyrene bodies can be carried out in an extremely uncomplicated manner and is flexible.
  • the device can be assembled from two or more polystyrene bodies.
  • a polystyrene body then corresponds to a layer of a device for absorbing rock deformation. It is conceivable that polystyrene bodies of different densities are joined together.
  • the polystyrene bodies can be assembled by gluing. Fastening the polystyrene bodies to one another with other fastening means, for example screws, nails, pins, cable ties, belts or chains, is also conceivable.
  • figure 1 shows a device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, in particular a compression element 1, with an exemplary arrangement of several element layers 2, the upsetting element 1 is cuboid in this example and the length is greater than the height and/or depth of the upsetting element.
  • the upsetting element 1 is composed of six element layers 2 .
  • the upsetting element 1 in this example has a length of 80 cm, a height of 30 cm and a depth of 25 cm.
  • figure 2 shows a device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, in particular a compression element 1, installed in a shotcrete shell 3, wherein the compression element 1 is essentially cuboid and the height of the device is arranged tangentially to the cavity and the base is arranged radially to the cavity.
  • the base of the upsetting element 1 fits well to the shotcrete shell 3 , which ensures an advantageous transmission of force between the upsetting element 1 and the shotcrete shell 3 .
  • the dimensions of the upsetting element 1 and the arrangement of the upsetting element 1 in the recess of the shotcrete shell 3 ensure that the upsetting element 1 will tilt with a low probability when a force is applied by the shotcrete shell 3 and will be compressed with a high probability, and thus forces from the shotcrete shell 3 and a deformation of the shotcrete shell 3 can absorb.
  • figure 3 shows an exemplary stress-strain diagram of polystyrene with a substantially linear-elastic zone 4, a flow zone 5 and a compression zone 6.
  • the stress-strain diagram of the respective upsetting element can be advantageous due to a different density of the element layers 2 be adjusted so that the properties of the compression element (not shown) in the specific application can be advantageously adapted to the given conditions and technical requirements.
  • figure 4 shows a schematic representation of different, exemplary arrangements of several element layers 2 of a device for recording rock deformations with the same or different densities
  • the element layers 2 of an upsetting element 1 if they have different densities can be arranged such that the element layers 2 with the higher density lie outside in the height extension.
  • the element layers 2 can also be arranged in such a way that the element layers 2 with the lower density are on the outside in terms of height.
  • An asymmetrical arrangement of the element layers 2 with regard to the density along the height extension of the compression element 1 is also conceivable.
  • the two outer element layers 2 with regard to the height extension have the highest and the lowest density of the element layers 2 of the compression element 1, while the element layers 2 bordered by the outer element layers 2 have a density which lies between the highest and the lowest density of the element layers 2 of the compression element 1 .
  • figure 5 shows a schematic cross section of a tunnel with four exemplary arranged devices for absorbing rock deformations (upsetting elements), the height extensions of the upsetting elements 1 being arranged tangentially to the cavity and the bases of the upsetting elements 1 being arranged radially to the cavity.
  • the upsetting elements 1 are arranged, for example, in the ridge and in the elm of the tunnel cross-section. It is possible for the upsetting elements 1 to be arranged in each area of the shotcrete shell 3 . It is also possible for several upsetting elements 1 to be arranged in direct contact in such a way that their bases touch.
  • a single upsetting element 1 or a multiplicity of upsetting elements 1 can be installed in cross section.
  • the upsetting elements 1 can be arranged axially symmetrically or point-symmetrically. An asymmetrical arrangement of the upsetting elements 1 is also possible.
  • FIG 6 shows a device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining, in particular an upsetting element 1 with a retaining grid 7, two hooks 8, a horizontal fastening element 9 and two fastening arches 10 and a wire 11.
  • the advantageous attachment of hooks 8 to the upsetting element 1 means that the upsetting element can 1 can be advantageously processed and installed.
  • the hooks 8 can be made of steel, plastic, a composite material or any other suitable material. In this example the hooks 8 are made of steel.
  • the hooks are connected to the compression element 1 at a first end of the hooks 8 by the hooks 8 being let into the compression element 1 with their first end. At a second end of the hooks 8, the hooks 8 are hook-shaped.
  • the hooks 8 are fastened to a substantially horizontal fastening element 9 with the hook-shaped second end.
  • the second end of the hooks 8 is shaped like a semicircle in this example.
  • the compression element 1 is attached to a horizontal fastening element 9 with the hooks 8 .
  • the horizontal fastening element is a substantially cylindrical steel rod.
  • the horizontal fastening element 9 is hooked into the two fastening arches 10 .
  • the upsetting element 1 is fixed by a wire 11 .
  • the upsetting element 1 can be brought into a desired position, the shotcrete lining 3 can be installed and it is extremely unlikely that the upsetting element 1 will be greatly displaced during the installation of the shotcrete lining. This ensures that the compression element 1 in the further construction work remains in the intended position. It is also conceivable that the compression element 1 is fixed to the holding grid with cable ties, straps, belts, hoses or other fastening means.
  • figure 7 shows a view of a variety of devices for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining (compression elements), installed in the shotcrete shell 3 of a tunnel lining.
  • compression elements rock deformations in underground mining
  • the retaining grid is covered by the shotcrete shell 3 or by the upsetting elements 1 and can no longer be seen, or can only be seen partially.
  • the height of the upsetting elements 1 is aligned tangentially to the cavity in the shotcrete shell 3 and the base of the upsetting elements 1 is arranged radially to the cavity. Due to this advantageous orientation of the upsetting elements 1 in the shotcrete shell 3, tilting, bending or lateral torsional buckling of the upsetting elements 1 is extremely unlikely. Thus, it is very likely that the upsetting elements 1 will be upset as intended.
  • the function of the system is therefore very reliable.
  • the compression elements are visible when installed.
  • the upsetting elements 1 can advantageously be checked visually by a user or by an appropriate measuring device to ensure that they are seated correctly and that they are functioning correctly.
  • figure 8 shows a cross section of a segment of a tunnel lining made of shotcrete with a built-in device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining (compression element).
  • the upsetting element 1 is placed on a horizontal fastening element 9 .
  • the compression element 1 is fixed by a wire 11 or multiple wires.
  • the compression element 1 can be brought into a desired position, and the shotcrete shell 3 can be installed and it is extremely improbable that the compression element 1 will be displaced greatly during the installation of the shotcrete shell 3. This ensures that the compression element 1 remains in the intended position during further construction work.
  • the height of the upsetting elements 1 is aligned tangentially to the cavity of the tunnel and the base of the upsetting elements 1 is arranged radially to the cavity.
  • the height extent of the element layers 2 is also oriented tangentially to the cavity of the tunnel. The surface on which the individual element layers 2 lie one on top of the other are thus aligned radially with respect to the cavity of the tunnel.
  • figure 9 shows a view of a segment of a tunnel lining made of shotcrete with a built-in device for absorbing rock deformations in underground mining (compression element).
  • a retaining grid 7 is attached on the mountain side between the compression element 1 and the mountain.
  • the compression element 1 is fixed to the holding grid 7 with a wire 11 or several wires.
  • the compression element 1 rests on a horizontal fastening element 9 .
  • the horizontal fastening element 9 is hooked into two fastening arches 10 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
EP21213577.6A 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif Pending EP4194664A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21213577.6A EP4194664A1 (fr) 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif
PCT/EP2022/084538 WO2023104772A1 (fr) 2021-12-10 2022-12-06 Structure pour absorber des déformations rocheuses dans une exploitation minière souterraine, procédé de production d'une couche de renforcement appropriée pour absorber des déformations rocheuses dans une exploitation minière souterraine, et utilisation d'un élément de compression de polystyrène et procédé de production d'une telle structure
CA3240284A CA3240284A1 (fr) 2021-12-10 2022-12-06 Structure pour absorber des deformations rocheuses dans une exploitation miniere souterraine, procede de production d'une couche de renforcement appropriee pour absorber des deformations rocheuses dans une exploitation miniere souterraine, et utilisation d'un element de compression de polystyrene et procede de production d'une telle structur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21213577.6A EP4194664A1 (fr) 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4194664A1 true EP4194664A1 (fr) 2023-06-14

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EP21213577.6A Pending EP4194664A1 (fr) 2021-12-10 2021-12-10 Dispositif d'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine, procédé de fabrication d'une couche de fixation appropriée à l'absorption des déformations du massif en exploitation souterraine et utilisation d'un élément d'écrasement en polystyrène, ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4194664A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3240284A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023104772A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3478520A (en) * 1967-11-16 1969-11-18 Albert Andy Method for filling abandoned mines
DE2439399A1 (de) * 1973-08-16 1975-02-20 Atlantic Richfield Co Abbauverfahren
US4483642A (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-11-20 Kennedy John M Mine stopping and method of and jack for installing same
WO2001007756A1 (fr) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-01 William Claudio Bona Systeme de pose de garnitures
EP1564369B1 (fr) 2004-02-16 2007-12-12 Kalman Prof. Dr. Kovari Procédé et appareil pour stabiliser une cavité souterraine éclaté
WO2008009344A2 (fr) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-24 Skumtech As Soutènement dans le bâtiment et les travaux publics
EP2918772A2 (fr) 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH&Co. Kg Système d'aménagement pour tunnel ou voies souterraines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3478520A (en) * 1967-11-16 1969-11-18 Albert Andy Method for filling abandoned mines
DE2439399A1 (de) * 1973-08-16 1975-02-20 Atlantic Richfield Co Abbauverfahren
US4483642A (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-11-20 Kennedy John M Mine stopping and method of and jack for installing same
WO2001007756A1 (fr) * 1999-07-23 2001-02-01 William Claudio Bona Systeme de pose de garnitures
EP1564369B1 (fr) 2004-02-16 2007-12-12 Kalman Prof. Dr. Kovari Procédé et appareil pour stabiliser une cavité souterraine éclaté
WO2008009344A2 (fr) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-24 Skumtech As Soutènement dans le bâtiment et les travaux publics
EP2918772A2 (fr) 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH&Co. Kg Système d'aménagement pour tunnel ou voies souterraines

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Publication number Publication date
WO2023104772A1 (fr) 2023-06-15
CA3240284A1 (fr) 2023-06-15

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