EP4184069A1 - Support for fixing a turret for extracting a fluid flow, system for extracting a fluid flow and control method - Google Patents
Support for fixing a turret for extracting a fluid flow, system for extracting a fluid flow and control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4184069A1 EP4184069A1 EP22208259.6A EP22208259A EP4184069A1 EP 4184069 A1 EP4184069 A1 EP 4184069A1 EP 22208259 A EP22208259 A EP 22208259A EP 4184069 A1 EP4184069 A1 EP 4184069A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- extraction
- pressure
- annular body
- measurement site
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/001—Ventilation with exhausting air ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/40—Pressure, e.g. wind pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mounting bracket and a turret for extracting a flow of fluid from a masonry extraction duct.
- the invention relates more broadly to the field of aeraulics and the extraction of gas flows such as the extraction of air or stale gases from the aeraulic installation of a building.
- Stale air can correspond to humid air that can be found, for example, in bathrooms or kitchens.
- the extraction of stale gas can also relate to a flow of gas loaded with CO2, formaldehyde, radon or any other waste gas resulting from human activity.
- the fixing support and the ventilation turret according to the invention are more particularly intended for the ventilation of buildings constructed before 1982 and which have masonry ventilation ducts. These ventilation ducts are porous and become leaky when the depressions generated by the ventilation system exceed 80 Pa.
- so-called "classic" controlled mechanical ventilation known by the acronym "VMC” provides ranges of depression ranging up to 300 Pa.
- VMC classic controlled mechanical ventilation
- the document EP 3 348 922 describes a method for regulating the speed of rotation of a fan for extracting stale air from an installation comprising a plurality of extraction ducts. This process aims to regulate the speed of rotation of the fan of the extraction turret according to the pressure measured upstream of the fan.
- the terms upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the direction of circulation of the gas flow in the pipe considered.
- the term “pressure” is interpreted in its relative sense, it notably makes it possible to designate a depression generated by the fan with respect to atmospheric pressure.
- an air extraction turret coupled to a suction horn is usually used.
- the suction pavilion also acts as a mounting support for the extraction turret on the outlet of the air extraction duct bricked.
- the extraction turret consists of an air extraction chamber in which is placed a motorized fan mounted on a stator.
- the extraction turret also comprises electronic means for controlling the speed of rotation of the fan as a function of the pressure measured at the outlet of the extraction duct.
- the suction pavilion is a rudimentary junction piece which comprises a lower part in the form of a fixing base surmounted by a ferrule which enters the extraction chamber.
- the ferrule may have a conical, frustoconical or flared shape. Thus, the air flow is directed towards the fan of the extraction turret.
- the shroud constitutes a spacer which generates a spacing between the lower wall of the fan and the suction mouth. Air in excess pressure relative to the pressure of the gas flow extracted from the duct can then rush into the fan from the external environment. This also leads to a loss of extraction yield.
- the ventilation ducts generally lead to openings of parallelepipedal shape which has a rectangular cross section.
- the inventors have observed that the pressure at the outlet of these outlets is not always uniform at the same time t depending on whether the pressure measurement is made on the long side or on the short side of the rectangular section.
- the invention aims to overcome all of these drawbacks.
- the invention aims to provide a technical solution making it possible to carry out precise pressure measurements at the outlet of the outlet of the masonry extraction duct.
- the invention aims to provide a technical solution which allows the construction of a mathematical model such as a curve, to follow the evolution of the pressure in the extraction duct upstream of the fan.
- the invention aims more particularly to provide a mounting support for an extraction turret which makes it possible to reduce the airflow disturbances observed by the inventors.
- the invention proposes a solution for improving the attachment of an air extraction turret to a masonry extraction duct outlet.
- the invention aims to improve the efficiency of an air extraction turret. More particularly, the invention aims to improve the extraction of air at low pressure (depression of 80 Pa), for example, for masonry extraction ducts of buildings constructed before the 1980s.
- the invention also aims to provide an air extraction turret configured to be mounted on a masonry extraction duct outlet of an old building.
- the invention aims to improve the method for regulating the ventilation speed of the fan of an air extraction turret.
- the invention aims to provide an effective solution for the rehabilitation of old buildings and in particular as regards their stale air extraction ducts.
- the fixing support is characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, at least one pressure measurement site which is positioned at the level of the internal edge between the upper face and the lower face of the annular body, the pressure measurement site making it possible to measure the pressure of the fluid flow flowing through the central opening, and on the other hand, an aeraulic disturbance reducer arranged at the level of the internal edge close to the pressure measurement site , the aeraulic disturbance reducer making it possible to reduce fluctuations in the value of the pressure measured at the pressure measurement site.
- the aeraulic disturbance reducer makes it possible to provide on the wall of the internal edge a parietal zone which is protected from the disturbances generated by the extraction fan and/or the deviation of the parietal flow of the flow of fluid within the extraction duct bricked.
- This parietal zone is on the other hand exposed to the overall flow of the fluid flow such as a flow of stale air, the measurement site is positioned in this parietal zone, where it is possible to carry out reliable successive measurements allowing the establishment of a mathematical model of flow and pressure.
- the disturbance reducer makes it possible to reduce fluctuations in the value of the pressure measured at the pressure measurement site.
- the air disturbance reducer may be formed by a curvature which extends at the level of the internal edge, the pressure measurement site being disposed at the level of the convex curvature of the edge internal, the curvature extends, on the one hand, longitudinally and convexly between the upper face and the lower face of the annular body, the curvature being convex with respect to a longitudinal axis B-B around which the annular body extends radially , and secondly, radially at least partially around the central opening, preferably, the curvature extends radially in all radial sections of the inner edge.
- the curved character of the internal edge makes it possible to reduce the disturbances surrounding the pressure measurement site which is positioned in a determined parietal zone of the internal edge.
- the convex curvature may comprise an apex which defines a narrowing of a diameter of the central opening, the convex curvature widening respectively on either side of the apex in order to increase the diameter of the central opening towards the lower face and the upper face of the annular body.
- the flared character of the curvature on either side of the apex makes it possible to deflect the disturbances without disturbing the general flow of the flow of stale air.
- the pressure measurement site is arranged between the apex and the lower face of the annular body. Indeed, in this parietal zone, the disturbances linked to the deviation of the parietal air flow from the exhaust duct and the disturbances linked to the rotation of the fan are both eliminated.
- the pressure measurements are thus more precise. In fact, it is possible to establish a mathematical model of the evolution of the flow and of the pressure in order to regulate the speed of rotation of the fan. In fact, it is possible to optimize the stale air extraction process at low pressure (depression of 80 Pa) for masonry extraction ducts in buildings built before the 1980s.
- the mounting bracket may comprise at least two measurement sites, the two measurement sites being distant radially by at least 30°.
- the extraction ducts having outlets generally of parallelepipedal shape with a rectangular cross-section, the pressure measured on the long side and the short side is not always the same.
- having two radially spaced measurement sites makes it possible to average the pressure to estimate the real value of the pressure at the outlet of the extraction duct.
- the average pressure measured at a time t at each measurement site makes it possible to obtain more reliable and representative measurements of the pressure in the extraction duct.
- the measurement site may include a pressure sensor flush with a wall of the inner edge.
- the measurement site may comprise a channel flush with the wall of the internal edge, the channel conveying the flow of fluid towards a pressure sensor offset with respect to the fixing support.
- the annular body can be made of concrete or of a metallic material.
- the fixing support comprises an insert embedded in the concrete, the insert forming the channel which conveys the flow of fluid towards the sensor of pressure.
- the insert may comprise at least two projecting lugs which are embedded in the concrete in order to prevent the insert from rotating on itself.
- the upper face of the annular body can be planar. However, more generally the upper face of the annular body may have a shape complementary to the shape of the fan in order to be adjusted to the latter.
- the annular body comprises an annular sealing element which extends around the periphery of the central opening, the sealing element projects from the annular body, at the level , from the junction between the inner edge and the upper face.
- the sealing element makes it possible to adjust the upper face of the annular body to the ventilation system in order to limit the entry of external air flow into the extraction duct.
- the underside of the annular body is textured. This allows better adhesion of the glue or of a coating to the underside of the fixing support when the fixing support is secured to the outlet of a masonry extraction duct.
- the annular body is delimited laterally by a peripheral edge which has an inclined portion which is equipped with means for fixing the extraction turret.
- the extraction system of the invention comprises a suspended fan whose annular disc which constitutes its underside is fitted to the fixing support. Positioning the fan directly at the opening of the mounting bracket makes it possible to limit the entry of outside air flow into the extraction duct on which the extraction system is mounted. This makes it possible to improve the extraction of air at low pressure, to reduce external aeraulic disturbances. This makes it possible to maximize yields. An energy gain of factor 5 can thus be generated on the energy consumption of the fan.
- the extraction system integrates the fixing support of the first aspect of the invention and benefits from its technical advantages which make it possible to provide precise and reliable homogeneous pressure measurements making it possible to control the regulation speed of the fan.
- the fixing support and the extraction system and the regulation method make it possible to provide an effective solution for extracting stale air or gas from old buildings which include a masonry extraction duct.
- the invention relates to a support 10 for fixing a turret 20 for extracting a fluid flow from a conduit 30 for extracting a fluid flow from the wall. More particularly, the mounting bracket 10 makes it possible to secure the turret 20 for extracting a flow of fluid to an extraction outlet 31 of a masonry extraction duct for a flow of fluid.
- the invention finds a more particular application in the extraction of gases such as the extraction of air from a building, in particular the stale air of a building.
- Stale air in a building is likened to humid air from a bathroom or kitchen. It is also possible to extract a flow of stale gas loaded with CO2, formaldehyde, radon or any other waste gas resulting from human activity.
- the mounting bracket 10 comprises an annular body 100.
- the annular body 100 which extends radially around a longitudinal axis BB.
- the annular body 100 can be made of concrete or of a metallic material.
- the annular body 100 has a central opening 101.
- the central opening 101 forms a passage allowing a flow of fluid 62 to flow, such as an air flow (see figure 9 ).
- the annular body 100 has an internal edge 102 which radially delimits the central opening 101. Consequently, the internal edge 102 delimits the diameter of the central opening 101.
- the internal diameter of the central opening 101 can be between 250mm and 500mm.
- the internal diameter of the central opening 101 can also be between 270 mm and 350 mm.
- the annular body 100 has a lower face 103.
- the lower face 103 defines a first assembly interface with an outlet 31 of an extraction conduit 30 built.
- the lower face 103 is configured to be secured to the outlet 31 of the extraction duct 30 built.
- the lower face 103 is flat.
- the lower face 103 is secured to the outlet 31 of an extraction duct 30 by chemical means such as glue or by mortar.
- the lower face 103 of the annular body 100 can also be textured.
- the textured character of the lower face 103 makes it possible to retain the glue or mortar. This generates a more resistant assembly interface between the fixing support 10 and the outlet 31 of the extraction duct 30.
- the textured lower face 103 is particularly useful when the annular body 100 is made of concrete.
- the underside 103 of an annular body 100 made of metal can also be textured.
- the annular body 100 has an upper face 104.
- the upper face 104 is opposite the lower face 103.
- the upper face 104 defines a second assembly interface.
- the second assembly interface makes it possible to assemble the mounting bracket 10 with the air extraction turret 20 .
- the upper face 104 is flat.
- the upper face 104 can take any other form complementary to the fan 200 of the extraction turret 20.
- the annular body 100 is delimited laterally by a peripheral edge 105.
- the peripheral edge 105 has a first portion 106 which extends perpendicularly with respect to the lower face 103 of the annular body 100.
- the annular body 100 comprises a second portion 107 which extends in an inclined manner between the first portion 105 and the upper face 104.
- the first portion 106 extends between the lower face 103 and the second portion 107.
- the inclination of the second portion 105 confers, on the annular body 100, a frustoconical shape which is particularly visible to figure 3 And 4 .
- the second portion 107 comprises means 108 for fixing the extraction turret 20.
- the fixing means 108 comprise at least one bore formed in the annular body 100.
- the fixing means 108 may comprise several bores formed in the annular body 100 at the level of the second portion 107.
- each bore may comprise a threaded insert which is integral with the annular body 100.
- the threaded insert is embedded in the concrete.
- the internal edge 102 extends between the upper face 104 and the lower face 103 of the annular body 100.
- the internal edge 102 has a high end at the junction with the upper face 104 and a low end at the junction with the underside 103.
- the terms "top” and “upper” and their derivatives, when used specifically with reference to the mounting bracket 10, designate the upper part of the mounting bracket 10 which is delimited by its face superior 104.
- bottom and lower as well as their derivatives, when they are used specifically with reference to the fixing support 10, designate the lower part of the fixing support which is delimited by its lower face 103 .
- the internal edge 102 has a curvature which extends longitudinally and convexly between the upper face 104 and the lower face 103.
- the curvature of the internal edge 102 is convex with respect to the longitudinal axis B-B.
- the curvature is also convex with respect to the direction of flow of the airflow in the central opening 101.
- the curvature extends radially at least partially around the central opening 101. In this configuration, the curvature does not extend over the entire radial extent of the inner edge 102.
- the curved portion of the inner edge 102 forms progressively radially, from a first planar part of the inner edge 102, towards the apex or a radial plateau of the curvature before gradually reducing or flattening towards a second planar part of the inner edge 102.
- the curvature extends radially over the entire internal edge 102. According to this preferred configuration, the curvature extends radially in all radial sections of the internal edge 102.
- This convex curvature has an apex 110 which defines a narrowing of a diameter of the central opening 101.
- the apex 110 is determined by the intersection between a tangent T passing through the apex 110 of the curve, and a plane X which is transverse to the annular body 100.
- the plane X defines a line of transverse curvature for which the diameter of the central opening 101 is minimal. The diameter corresponds to a constriction of the central opening 101.
- the convex curvature widens on either side of the apex 110 in order to increase the diameter of the central opening 101.
- the curvature between the apex 110 and the lower face 103 is widens in the direction of the lower face 103, the curvature extending in a direction from top to bottom.
- the curvature flares out between the apex 110 and the upper face 104 in the direction of the upper face 104, the curvature extending in a direction from bottom to top.
- the curvature flares out on either side of the plane X.
- the diameter of the central opening 101, at the level of the lower end and the upper end of the central opening 101 is greater than the diameter of the central opening 101 at the level of the apex 110.
- the diameter of the central opening 101 at the level of the low end or the high end of the central opening 101 can be greater by 3% to 10% compared to the minimum diameter of the central opening.
- the diameter of the central opening 101 at the low end or at the high end of the opening center 101 can also be 4% to 7% greater than the minimum diameter of the central opening 101.
- the annular body 100 comprises a sealing element 111.
- the sealing element 111 is annular and extends around the periphery of the central opening 101.
- the sealing element 111 projects of the annular body 100, at the level of the junction between the internal edge 102 of the upper face 104.
- the sealing element 111 is here formed by a collar.
- the sealing element 111 can be made of the same material as the annular body 100. According to this configuration, the sealing element 111 can be cast with the annular body 100 in concrete or melted with the annular body 100 in metal. . However, it is also possible to make the sealing element 111 in another material such as a rigid or elastic polymeric material. In this case, the sealing element 111 is chemically secured to the annular body 100.
- the mounting bracket 10 comprises at least one pressure measurement site 40 .
- the measurement site 40 is positioned at the inner edge 102 between the upper face 103 and the lower face 104 of the annular body 100.
- the measurement site 40 is disposed on a wall of the inner edge 102, therefore, the measurement site 40 can be qualified as a parietal pressure measurement site.
- the measurement site 40 overlooks the central opening 101 and makes it possible to measure the pressure of the flow of fluid which flows within the central opening 101 at the outlet of the masonry evacuation duct.
- the mounting bracket 10 comprises an a Vogellic disturbance reducer placed at the level of the internal edge 102 and close to the measurement site 40.
- the aeraulic disturbance reducer makes it possible to obtain more reliable pressure measurements by allowing a reduction in fluctuations of the value of the pressure measured at the level of the measurement site 40.
- the inventors can thus define a model of evolution of the flow rate and of the pressure which makes it possible to regulate the speed of rotation according to the measured pressure.
- the airflow disturbance reducer is constituted by the convex curvature of the internal edge 102.
- the pressure measurement site 40 is arranged at the level of the convex curvature of the internal edge 102.
- the pressure measurement site 40 emerges at the level of the wall of the convex curvature.
- the pressure measurement site 40 is disposed on a portion of the inner rim 102 which has a convex curvature.
- the pressure measurement site 40 is preferably arranged between the apex 110 and the lower face 103 of the annular body 100.
- the pressure measurement site 40 is thus located in the lower part of the internal edge 102.
- the lower part of the internal edge 102 extends below the plane X.
- the mounting bracket 10 may comprise at least two pressure measurement sites 40 .
- two measurement sites 40 are radially separated by an angle ⁇ whose value is at least 30°.
- the value of the angle ⁇ can be between 30° and 330°.
- the angle ⁇ has a value of 90°.
- the two measurement sites 40 are arranged on the same plane which is parallel to the X plane and located below the X plane.
- the measurement site 40 comprises a channel 41 flush with the wall of the inner edge 102.
- the channel 41 conveys the flow of fluid towards a pressure sensor remote with respect to the fixing support 10.
- the annular body 100 comprises a notch 113.
- the notch 113 is formed radially in the peripheral edge 105 of the annular body 100. The notch 113 makes it possible to connect, directly or via an intermediate pipe 42, the channel 41 to the pressure sensor.
- the measurement site 40 can also include a pressure sensor flush with a wall of the internal edge 102.
- the notch 113 allows the electrical connection of the pressure sensor.
- the notch 113 protects the electrical connection of the pressure sensor or the aeraulic connection of channel 41.
- the channel 41 can be formed by an insert 410 which is embedded in the concrete.
- the insert 410 comprises a hollow body which extends longitudinally between two open ends.
- the insert 410 includes a through hole 411 which extends between each end of the insert 410.
- a first end of the insert 410 includes a sleeve 412 whose outside diameter is smaller than the outside diameter of the hollow body.
- the sleeve 412 is open, when the insert 410 is arranged radially in the annular body 100, the sleeve 412 makes it possible to capture the flow of fluid circulating at the level of the central opening 101.
- a second end of the insert 410 comprises a connector 413.
- the connector 413 here has an outer diameter greater than the outer diameter of the hollow body.
- the connector 413 protrudes at the level of the notch 113.
- the connector 413 is also open in order to convey, directly or indirectly, for example via a pipe 42, the flow of fluid to the pressure sensor.
- the connector 413 can include an adapter in order to be connected to the pressure sensor or the pipe 42.
- the connector 413 may also include a thread accessible from the outside of the mounting bracket 10, via the notch 113.
- the insert 410 has at least two projecting lugs 414 .
- the two lugs 414 are integral with the hollow body and extend on either side of the hollow body in two opposite directions.
- the two lugs 414 prevent the rotation of the insert 410 on itself. For example, this prevents the insert 410 from rotating in a vacuum when a pipe 42 is coupled to the connector 413.
- annular body 100 can be formed by an assembly of several arcuate modules which are butted together to form the annular body 100.
- the modules in an arc of a circle are delimited by a joining line 112 placed between each module in an arc of a circle.
- the fixing means 108 comprise as many fixing bores as the annular body 100 comprises modules in an arc of a circle.
- the annular body 100 is formed by six modules in an arc of a circle. According to one embodiment of the invention, only the arcuate modules that carry a pressure measurement site 40 have a curvature at the internal edge 102. According to this embodiment, the arcuate modules that do not do not carry a pressure measurement site have a flat inner edge 102 .
- the annular body 100 can be made of concrete or of metal by being cast in its mass.
- the invention also relates to a system 11 for extracting a flow of fluid mounted on a masonry extraction duct 30 of a flow of fluid.
- a masonry extraction duct 30 makes it possible to evacuate a flow of stale air.
- the extraction system 11 comprises a mounting bracket 10 according to the invention.
- the fixing support 10 makes it possible, through a first assembly interface, as described above, to secure the extraction system 11 to the outlet 31 of the extraction duct 30 built in stone.
- the fixing support also comprises a pressure measurement site 40 which makes it possible to measure the pressure of the fluid flow at the outlet of the extraction duct 30 built in stone.
- the extraction system 11 includes a fan 200 fitted to the second assembly interface of the mounting bracket 10.
- the fan 200 can be a centrifugal jet fan.
- the fan 200 comprises a rotor comprising a rotation shaft 201 which is driven via transmission means by a motor 202.
- the motor 202 is positioned above the fan 200 and held in position by a plate 203
- the plate 203 extends in a plane parallel to the plane X of the fixing support.
- the plate 203 can be considered as an element of a frame of the extraction turret 20.
- the rotation shaft 201 is arranged along the axis BB.
- the rotor of the fan 200 comprises a solid disc 204 which delimits the rotor from above.
- Solid disc 204 extends parallel to plate 203.
- the rotor also includes an annular disc 205.
- Annular disc 205 is opposite solid disc 204 and delimits the rotor below.
- the annular disc 205 has an opening which makes it possible to suck the flow of fluid from the extraction duct. In practice, it is the rotor which is fitted to the second assembly interface of the fixing support 10. In the example illustrated in figure 2 And 3 , the fan 200 is suspended so that the annular disc 205 is fitted to the upper face 104 of the mounting bracket 10.
- the fan 200 is suspended from the plate 203 through its rotation shaft.
- the annular disc 205 and the upper face 104 are planar and have complementary dimensions such as the radial width of the annular disc 205 and of the upper face 104 of the annular body 100.
- the sealing element 111 makes it possible to optimize the performance of the fan 200.
- the sealing element 111 is fitted to the internal radial edge of the annular disc 205.
- the sealing element 111 makes it possible to prevent air from being overpressured, with respect to the flow of fluid evacuating through the duct extraction 30, rushes into the extraction conduit 30 passing between the fan 200 and the mounting bracket 10.
- the flow of fluid is evacuated laterally by the rotor.
- the rotor comprises blades 206 which extend radially from the rotation shaft 201 to the outer periphery of the rotor.
- the outer circumference of the rotor is defined by the respective outer edges of the annular disc 205 and of the solid disc 204.
- the outer circumference of the rotor is open in order to allow the radial evacuation of the flow of fluid as illustrated in figure 9 .
- the frame of the turret 20 also includes a side grille 207 which protects the fan 200 laterally.
- the lateral grid 207 more particularly protects the blades 206 of the fan 200.
- the lateral grid 207 extends peripherally to the outer periphery of the rotor.
- the side grid 207 is integral with the plate 203 in order to form the frame of the extraction turret 20.
- the extraction turret 20 also includes a cover 208 which protects the motor 202.
- the cover 208 extends above the plate 203 and provides a chamber around the motor 202.
- the cover 208 also secured to the plate 203.
- the cover 208, the plate 203 and the side grid 207 are attached together with the same mechanical fastening system 209.
- the grid 207 can include one or more handles 210 to facilitate installation and manipulations of the extraction turret 20.
- the side grid 207 comprises fixing lugs 211 which are secured to the fixing support 10.
- the fixing lugs 211 are secured to the peripheral edge 105 of the annular body 100.
- the fixing lugs 211 cooperate with mechanical components such as screws to couple the side grid 207 to the fixing means 108 of the annular body 100.
- the extraction turret 20 is secured to the fixing support 10 through the fixing lugs 211 of the side grid 207.
- the extraction turret 20 comprises electronic means.
- the electronic means may comprise a processor, a memory and an electronic clock which are configured in particular to store data but also to store and execute algorithms such as a fan control algorithm 200 which may correspond to a method for regulating the speed of the fan.
- the electronic means also include a pressure sensor which is connected to the pressure measurement site 40 of the mounting bracket 10. In practice, the electronic means control the rotational speed of the fan 200 in proportion to the pressure measured by the pressure sensor. pressure.
- the electronic means can be embedded in the extraction turret 20 for example under the cover 208 or be remote within a control panel.
- the control panel can be fixed to an exterior wall of the extraction duct 30.
- the extraction turret 20 also includes a power supply 212 of electrical energy.
- the power supply 121 is formed by a sheathed electrical cable which exits from the base of the cover 208 of the extraction turret 20.
- the power supply 212 connects the extraction turret 20 to a source of electrical energy such as a collective electrical energy distribution network.
- a source of electrical energy such as a collective electrical energy distribution network.
- the power supply 212 can connect the 202 motor to a control panel in which the electronic means are arranged, in this case, the electronic means can control the electric power supply of the motor 202.
- the fixing support 10 makes it possible to reduce the air turbulence which occurs at the level of the measurement site 40.
- the extraction system 11 also participates in the reduction of turbulence, in particular through the cooperation between the fan 200 and mounting bracket 10.
- FIG 9 illustrates an extraction system 11 according to the invention. Turbulence is noted in the same way as on the figure 8 to improve the understanding of the technical effect of the invention compared to the state of the art.
- the walls of the inner edge 102 are equipped with an air disturbance reducer.
- this disturbance reducer is formed by the convex curvature of the internal edge 102 with respect to the axis BB as described above.
- the diagram of the figure 9 shows the effect of the convexity of the internal rim 102 on the disturbances that the inventors have identified in the systems of the state of the art ( figure 8 ).
- the disturbances due to the deviation of the air flow which runs along the walls of the extraction duct (illustrated by the arrows 61) are deflected by the convexity on the inner edge 102 towards the axis BB which passes through the center of the exhaust duct 30 of air.
- the disturbances generated by the rotation of the fan 200 propagate less downwards in the central opening 101.
- the convexity of the internal edge 102 makes it possible to create a parietal zone 70 which is exposed to the general flow of the flow of evacuation fluid without being exposed to disturbances from the ventilator or from diversion of parietal fluid flow.
- the parietal zone 70 is illustrated by a dotted rounded rectangle.
- the parietal zone 70 is arranged under the plane X passing through the apex 110 of the internal edge 102.
- the position of the parietal zone 70 may be different depending on the conformation of the airflow disturbance reducer.
- the measurement site 40 is placed on the internal edge 102 in this parietal zone 70.
- the point of emergence of the measurement site 40 is thus placed in a zone exposed only to the flow of air extracted from the extraction pipe 30.
- the mounting bracket 10 comprises two measurement sites 40 of pressure.
- the invention also relates to a method 80 for regulating the speed of rotation of the fan 200 of the extraction turret 20, the extraction turret 20 being mounted on the extraction duct 30 of a flow of masonry fluid.
- the regulation method 80 comprises a step of measuring the pressure 81 of a flow of fluid which flows in the extraction duct 30 built in stone. As shown in figure 2 And 9 , the measurement is carried out at the outlet of the masonry extraction duct 30 at the level of at least one pressure measurement site 40 .
- the pressure measurement site 40 is parietal of the inner edge 102 of the mounting bracket 10. More particularly, the measurement site 40 is arranged in a parietal zone 70 in which the air disturbances are reduced by the disturbance reducer of the mounting bracket 10.
- the regulation method 80 also comprises a step 82 in which the speed of rotation of the fan 200 is adjusted according to the pressure measurement carried out at the level of the pressure measurement site 40 .
- the fixing support 10 comprises two or more measurement sites 40
- an average of the pressures measured at the same instant t by the two measurement sites 40 is taken.
- the measurement is carried out by a pressure sensor which then transmits the measured data to the electronic means of the extraction turret 20 which process them in order to control the fan 200 according to the measured pressure and/or the calculated pressure average.
- There average of the measurements taken for each pressure measurement site 40 makes it possible to obtain a more reliable pressure measurement at a time t.
- the electronic means proportionally adjust the speed of rotation of the fan 200 according to the pressure which has been measured and/or calculated.
- the speed of rotation of the fan 200 is adjusted by the electronic means which act on the motor 202.
- PID derivative integral proportional function also called PID.
- the regulation method renews 83 the measurement 81 of pressure and the proportional adjustment 82 of the rotational speed of the fan 200 continuously in order to optimize the extraction of the flow of fluid from the extraction conduit 30 built. For this purpose, an average over time of the measurements can be performed to more precisely adjust the rotational speed of the fan 200.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un support de fixation (10) d'une tourelle d'extraction (20) d'un flux de fluide à un conduit d'extraction (30) maçonné de flux de fluide.Selon l'invention, le support de fixation (10) comprenant, d'une part, au moins un site de mesure (40) de pression qui est positionné de façon à être exposé à l'écoulement d'un flux de fluide afin d'en mesurer la pression, et d'autre part, un réducteur de perturbation aéraulique disposé à proximité du site de mesure (40) de pression.L'invention concerne également un système d'extraction comportant le support de fixation (10) et un ventilateur (200), le procédé de régulation de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur étant également objet de l'inventionThe invention relates to a support (10) for fixing a turret (20) for extracting a fluid flow from a masonry extraction conduit (30) for the flow of fluid. According to the invention, the support for attachment (10) comprising, on the one hand, at least one pressure measurement site (40) which is positioned so as to be exposed to the flow of a fluid stream in order to measure the pressure thereof, and on the other hand, an aeraulic disturbance reducer arranged near the pressure measurement site (40). The invention also relates to an extraction system comprising the fixing support (10) and a fan (200), the method of regulation of the rotational speed of the fan also being the subject of the invention
Description
L'invention concerne un support de fixation et une tourelle d'extraction d'un flux de fluide d'un conduit d'extraction maçonné. L'invention concerne plus largement le domaine de l'aéraulique et de l'extraction de flux de gaz telle que l'extraction d'air ou de gaz viciés de l'installation aéraulique d'un bâtiment.The invention relates to a mounting bracket and a turret for extracting a flow of fluid from a masonry extraction duct. The invention relates more broadly to the field of aeraulics and the extraction of gas flows such as the extraction of air or stale gases from the aeraulic installation of a building.
L'air vicié peut correspondre à de l'air humide que l'on peut par exemple retrouver dans les salles de bain ou les cuisines. Cependant, l'extraction de gaz vicié peut également concerner un flux de gaz chargé en CO2, en formaldéhyde, en radon ou tous autres gaz de rejet issus d'une activité humaine. Le support de fixation et la tourelle de ventilation selon l'invention sont plus particulièrement destinés à la ventilation des bâtiments construits avant 1982 et qui possèdent des conduits de ventilation maçonnés. Ces conduits de ventilation sont poreux et deviennent fuyards lorsque les dépressions générées par le système de ventilation excèdent les 80 Pa. A l'inverse, la ventilation mécanique contrôlée dite « classique » et connue sous l'acronyme « VMC », fournit des plages de dépression allant jusqu'à 300 Pa. Ainsi, on considère que l'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement à l'extraction de gaz à basse pression.Stale air can correspond to humid air that can be found, for example, in bathrooms or kitchens. However, the extraction of stale gas can also relate to a flow of gas loaded with CO2, formaldehyde, radon or any other waste gas resulting from human activity. The fixing support and the ventilation turret according to the invention are more particularly intended for the ventilation of buildings constructed before 1982 and which have masonry ventilation ducts. These ventilation ducts are porous and become leaky when the depressions generated by the ventilation system exceed 80 Pa. Conversely, so-called "classic" controlled mechanical ventilation, known by the acronym "VMC", provides ranges of depression ranging up to 300 Pa. Thus, it is considered that the invention relates more particularly to the extraction of gas at low pressure.
On connaît des procédés de la régulation de la vitesse de rotation d'un ventilateur d'extraction d'air vicié. Par exemple, le document
Pour ce type d'application, on utilise habituellement une tourelle d'extraction d'air couplée à un pavillon d'aspiration. Le pavillon d'aspiration fait également office de support de fixation de la tourelle d'extraction sur le débouché du conduit d'extraction d'air maçonné. La tourelle d'extraction se compose d'une chambre d'extraction d'air dans laquelle est disposé un ventilateur motorisé monté sur un stator. La tourelle d'extraction comporte également des moyens électroniques pour piloter la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur en fonction de la pression mesurée en sortie du conduit d'extraction.For this type of application, an air extraction turret coupled to a suction horn is usually used. The suction pavilion also acts as a mounting support for the extraction turret on the outlet of the air extraction duct bricked. The extraction turret consists of an air extraction chamber in which is placed a motorized fan mounted on a stator. The extraction turret also comprises electronic means for controlling the speed of rotation of the fan as a function of the pressure measured at the outlet of the extraction duct.
Le pavillon d'aspiration est une pièce de jonction rudimentaire qui comporte une partie basse sous forme d'une embase de fixation surmontée d'une virole qui rentre dans la chambre d'extraction. La virole peut présenter une forme conique, tronconique ou bien évasée. Ainsi, le flux d'air est dirigé vers le ventilateur de la tourelle d'extraction.The suction pavilion is a rudimentary junction piece which comprises a lower part in the form of a fixing base surmounted by a ferrule which enters the extraction chamber. The ferrule may have a conical, frustoconical or flared shape. Thus, the air flow is directed towards the fan of the extraction turret.
Les inventeurs ont observé que ce type de tourelles d'extraction présentait des perturbations de flux d'air importantes en débouché du conduit d'extraction maçonné mais aussi au sein de la virole du pavillon d'aspiration. Ces perturbations de flux rendent le suivi de la pression complexe tant au niveau du débouché du conduit d'extraction que de la virole. En effet, des mesures de pression à différentes vitesses de rotation présentent un manque de fiabilité qui est liée à une fluctuation importante de la valeur de la pression mesurée. Or, ce manque de fiabilité empêche la mise en place d'un modèle mathématique robuste pour suivre l'évolution de la pression et du débit dans le conduit d'extraction. Par exemple, à faible pression et à haut débit les perturbations vont engendrer une entrée importante d'air dans le capteur de pression faussant la mesure. De plus, la virole constitue une entretoise qui génère un espacement entre la paroi inférieure du ventilateur et la bouche d'aspiration. De l'air en surpression par rapport à la pression du flux de gaz extrait du conduit peut alors s'engouffrer dans le ventilateur depuis l'environnement extérieur. Ceci entraine par ailleurs une perte de rendement d'extraction.The inventors observed that this type of extraction turret presented significant air flow disturbances at the outlet of the masonry extraction duct but also within the shell of the suction pavilion. These flow disturbances make monitoring the pressure complex both at the outlet of the extraction duct and at the shroud. Indeed, pressure measurements at different speeds of rotation have a lack of reliability which is linked to a significant fluctuation in the value of the pressure measured. However, this lack of reliability prevents the implementation of a robust mathematical model to follow the evolution of the pressure and the flow rate in the extraction duct. For example, at low pressure and at high flow, the disturbances will cause a large influx of air into the pressure sensor, distorting the measurement. In addition, the shroud constitutes a spacer which generates a spacing between the lower wall of the fan and the suction mouth. Air in excess pressure relative to the pressure of the gas flow extracted from the duct can then rush into the fan from the external environment. This also leads to a loss of extraction yield.
De plus, les conduits de ventilation débouchent généralement sur des débouchés de forme parallélépipédique qui présente une section transversale rectangulaire. Les inventeurs ont constaté que la pression en sortie de ces débouchés n'est pas toujours uniforme à même instant t selon que la mesure de pression soit faite du grand côté ou du petit côté de la section rectangulaire.In addition, the ventilation ducts generally lead to openings of parallelepipedal shape which has a rectangular cross section. The inventors have observed that the pressure at the outlet of these outlets is not always uniform at the same time t depending on whether the pressure measurement is made on the long side or on the short side of the rectangular section.
Or, l'efficience d'un procédé de régulation tel que décrit par le document
L'invention vise à pallier l'ensemble de ces inconvénients.The invention aims to overcome all of these drawbacks.
L'invention vise à fournir une solution technique permettant d'effectuer des mesures de pression précises en sortie du débouché du conduit d'extraction maçonné.The invention aims to provide a technical solution making it possible to carry out precise pressure measurements at the outlet of the outlet of the masonry extraction duct.
L'invention vise à fournir une solution technique qui permet la construction d'un modèle mathématique tel qu'une courbe, pour suivre l'évolution de la pression dans le conduit d'extraction en amont du ventilateur.The invention aims to provide a technical solution which allows the construction of a mathematical model such as a curve, to follow the evolution of the pressure in the extraction duct upstream of the fan.
L'invention vise plus particulièrement à fournir un support de fixation d'une tourelle d'extraction qui permet de réduire les perturbations de flux d'air observées par les inventeurs.The invention aims more particularly to provide a mounting support for an extraction turret which makes it possible to reduce the airflow disturbances observed by the inventors.
L'invention propose une solution pour améliorer la fixation d'une tourelle d'extraction d'air sur un débouché de conduit d'extraction maçonné.The invention proposes a solution for improving the attachment of an air extraction turret to a masonry extraction duct outlet.
L'invention vise à améliorer l'efficacité d'une tourelle d'extraction d'air. Plus particulièrement, l'invention vise à améliorer l'extraction d'air à basse pression (dépression de 80 Pa), par exemple, pour des conduits d'extraction maçonnés des bâtiments construits avant les années 1980.The invention aims to improve the efficiency of an air extraction turret. More particularly, the invention aims to improve the extraction of air at low pressure (depression of 80 Pa), for example, for masonry extraction ducts of buildings constructed before the 1980s.
L'invention vise aussi à fournir une tourelle d'extraction d'air configurée pour être montée sur un débouche de conduit d'extraction maçonnée d'un bâtiment ancien.The invention also aims to provide an air extraction turret configured to be mounted on a masonry extraction duct outlet of an old building.
L'invention vise à améliorer le procédé de régulation de la vitesse de ventilation du ventilateur d'une tourelle d'extraction d'air.The invention aims to improve the method for regulating the ventilation speed of the fan of an air extraction turret.
L'invention vise à fournir une solution efficace pour la réhabilitation des bâtiments anciens et notamment en ce qui concerne leurs conduits d'extraction d'air vicié.The invention aims to provide an effective solution for the rehabilitation of old buildings and in particular as regards their stale air extraction ducts.
A cet effet, un premier aspect de l'invention se rapporte à un support de fixation d'une tourelle d'extraction d'un flux de fluide à un conduit d'extraction maçonné de flux de fluide, le support de fixation comprenant un corps annulaire qui comporte :
- une ouverture centrale laissant s'écouler un flux de fluide,
- une face inférieure définissant une première interface d'assemblage avec un débouché d'un conduit d'extraction maçonné,
- une face supérieure définissant une seconde interface d'assemblage avec la tourelle d'extraction d'air,
- un bord interne s'étend entre la face supérieure et la face inférieure et délimite radialement l'ouverture centrale,
- a central opening allowing a flow of fluid to flow,
- a lower face defining a first assembly interface with an outlet of a masonry extraction duct,
- an upper face defining a second assembly interface with the air extraction turret,
- an internal edge extends between the upper face and the lower face and radially delimits the central opening,
Selon l'invention le support de fixation se caractérise en ce qu'il comporte, d'une part, au moins un site de mesure de pression qui est positionné au niveau du bord interne entre la face supérieure et la face inférieure du corps annulaire, le site de mesure de pression permettant de mesurer la pression du flux fluide s'écoulant au travers de l'ouverture centrale, et d'autre part, un réducteur de perturbation aéraulique disposé au niveau du bord interne à proximité du site de mesure de pression, le réducteur de perturbation aéraulique permettant de réduire les fluctuations de la valeur de la pression mesurée au niveau site de mesure de pression.According to the invention, the fixing support is characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, at least one pressure measurement site which is positioned at the level of the internal edge between the upper face and the lower face of the annular body, the pressure measurement site making it possible to measure the pressure of the fluid flow flowing through the central opening, and on the other hand, an aeraulic disturbance reducer arranged at the level of the internal edge close to the pressure measurement site , the aeraulic disturbance reducer making it possible to reduce fluctuations in the value of the pressure measured at the pressure measurement site.
Le réducteur de perturbation aéraulique permet de ménager sur la paroi du bord interne une zone pariétale qui est protégée des perturbations générées par le ventilateur d'extraction et/ou la déviation de l'écoulement pariétal du flux de fluide au sein du conduit d'extraction maçonné. Cette zone pariétale est en revanche exposée à l'écoulement global du flux de fluide tel qu'un flux d'air vicié, le site de mesure est positionné dans cette zone pariétale, où il est possible d'effectuer des mesures successives fiables permettant l'établissement d'un modèle mathématique du débit et de la pression. Le réducteur de perturbation permet de réduire les fluctuations de la valeur de la pression mesurée au niveau site de mesure de pression.The aeraulic disturbance reducer makes it possible to provide on the wall of the internal edge a parietal zone which is protected from the disturbances generated by the extraction fan and/or the deviation of the parietal flow of the flow of fluid within the extraction duct bricked. This parietal zone is on the other hand exposed to the overall flow of the fluid flow such as a flow of stale air, the measurement site is positioned in this parietal zone, where it is possible to carry out reliable successive measurements allowing the establishment of a mathematical model of flow and pressure. The disturbance reducer makes it possible to reduce fluctuations in the value of the pressure measured at the pressure measurement site.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le réducteur de perturbation aéraulique peut être formé par une courbure qui s'étend au niveau du bord interne, le site de mesure de pression étant disposé au niveau de la courbure convexe du bord interne, la courbure s'étend, d'une part, longitudinalement et de manière convexe entre la face supérieure et la face inférieure du corps annulaire, la courbure étant convexe par rapport à un axe B-B longitudinal autour duquel le corps annulaire s'étend radialement, et d'autre part, radialement au moins partiellement autour de l'ouverture centrale, de préférence, la courbure s'étend radialement en toutes sections radiales du bord interne. Le caractère bombé du bord interne permet de réduire les perturbations environnant le site de mesure de pression qui est positionné dans une zone pariétale déterminée du bord interne.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the air disturbance reducer may be formed by a curvature which extends at the level of the internal edge, the pressure measurement site being disposed at the level of the convex curvature of the edge internal, the curvature extends, on the one hand, longitudinally and convexly between the upper face and the lower face of the annular body, the curvature being convex with respect to a longitudinal axis B-B around which the annular body extends radially , and secondly, radially at least partially around the central opening, preferably, the curvature extends radially in all radial sections of the inner edge. The curved character of the internal edge makes it possible to reduce the disturbances surrounding the pressure measurement site which is positioned in a determined parietal zone of the internal edge.
Plus particulièrement, la courbure convexe peut comporter un apex qui définit un rétrécissement d'un diamètre de l'ouverture centrale, la courbure convexe s'évasant respectivement de part et d'autre de l'apex afin d'augmenter le diamètre de l'ouverture centrale en direction de la face inférieure et de la face supérieure du corps annulaire. Le caractère évasé de la courbure de part et d'autre de l'apex permet de dévier les perturbations sans perturber l'écoulement général du flux d'air vicié. Selon cette configuration, le site de mesure de pression est disposé entre l'apex et la face inférieure du corps annulaire. En effet, dans cette zone pariétale, les perturbations liées à la déviation du flux d'air pariétal du conduit d'évacuation et les perturbations liées à la rotation du ventilateur sont toutes deux éliminées. Les mesures de pression sont ainsi plus précises. De fait, on peut établir un modèle mathématique d'évolution du débit et de la pression afin de réguler la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur. De fait il est possible d'optimiser le procédé d'extraction d'air vicié à basse pression (dépression de 80 Pa) pour des conduits d'extraction maçonnés des bâtiments construits avant les années 1980.More particularly, the convex curvature may comprise an apex which defines a narrowing of a diameter of the central opening, the convex curvature widening respectively on either side of the apex in order to increase the diameter of the central opening towards the lower face and the upper face of the annular body. The flared character of the curvature on either side of the apex makes it possible to deflect the disturbances without disturbing the general flow of the flow of stale air. According to this configuration, the pressure measurement site is arranged between the apex and the lower face of the annular body. Indeed, in this parietal zone, the disturbances linked to the deviation of the parietal air flow from the exhaust duct and the disturbances linked to the rotation of the fan are both eliminated. The pressure measurements are thus more precise. In fact, it is possible to establish a mathematical model of the evolution of the flow and of the pressure in order to regulate the speed of rotation of the fan. In fact, it is possible to optimize the stale air extraction process at low pressure (depression of 80 Pa) for masonry extraction ducts in buildings built before the 1980s.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le support de fixation peut comporter au moins deux sites de mesure, les deux sites de mesure étant distants radialement d'au moins 30°. Les conduits d'extraction comportant des débouchés généralement de forme parallélépipédique de section transversale rectangle, la pression mesurée du grand et du petit côté n'est pas toujours la même. De fait, avoir deux sites de mesure espacés radialement permet faire une moyenne de la pression pour estimer la valeur réelle de la pression en débouché du conduit d'extraction. La moyenne de pression mesurée à un instant t au niveau de chaque site de mesure permet d'obtenir des mesures plus fiables et représentatives de la pression dans le conduit d'extraction.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the mounting bracket may comprise at least two measurement sites, the two measurement sites being distant radially by at least 30°. The extraction ducts having outlets generally of parallelepipedal shape with a rectangular cross-section, the pressure measured on the long side and the short side is not always the same. In fact, having two radially spaced measurement sites makes it possible to average the pressure to estimate the real value of the pressure at the outlet of the extraction duct. The average pressure measured at a time t at each measurement site makes it possible to obtain more reliable and representative measurements of the pressure in the extraction duct.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le site de mesure peut comporter un capteur de pression affleurant au niveau d'une paroi du bord interne.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the measurement site may include a pressure sensor flush with a wall of the inner edge.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le site de mesure peut comporter un canal affleurant la paroi du bord interne, le canal véhiculant le flux de fluide vers un capteur de pression déporté par rapport au support de fixation.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the measurement site may comprise a channel flush with the wall of the internal edge, the channel conveying the flow of fluid towards a pressure sensor offset with respect to the fixing support.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le corps annulaire peut être réalisé en béton ou dans un matériau métallique.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the annular body can be made of concrete or of a metallic material.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, lorsque le corps annulaire est réalisé en béton, le support de fixation comporte un insert noyé dans le béton, l'insert formant le canal qui véhicule le flux de fluide vers le capteur de pression.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, when the annular body is made of concrete, the fixing support comprises an insert embedded in the concrete, the insert forming the channel which conveys the flow of fluid towards the sensor of pressure.
En particulier, l'insert peut comporter au moins deux ergots saillants qui sont pris dans le béton afin d'empêcher la rotation de l'insert sur lui-même.In particular, the insert may comprise at least two projecting lugs which are embedded in the concrete in order to prevent the insert from rotating on itself.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, la face supérieure du corps annulaire peut être plane. Cependant, plus généralement la face supérieure du corps annulaire peut présenter une forme complémentaire de la forme du ventilateur afin d'être ajustée à ce dernier.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the upper face of the annular body can be planar. However, more generally the upper face of the annular body may have a shape complementary to the shape of the fan in order to be adjusted to the latter.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le corps annulaire comporte un élément d'étanchéité annulaire qui s'étend sur le pourtour de l'ouverture centrale, l'élément d'étanchéité est saillant du corps annulaire, au niveau, de la jonction entre le bord interne et la face supérieure. L'élément d'étanchéité permet d'ajuster la face supérieure du corps annulaire au système de ventilation afin de limiter l'entrée de flux d'air extérieur dans le conduit d'extraction.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the annular body comprises an annular sealing element which extends around the periphery of the central opening, the sealing element projects from the annular body, at the level , from the junction between the inner edge and the upper face. The sealing element makes it possible to adjust the upper face of the annular body to the ventilation system in order to limit the entry of external air flow into the extraction duct.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, la face inférieure du corps annulaire est texturée. Ceci permet une meilleure accroche de la colle ou d'un enduit à la face inférieure du support de fixation lorsque le support de fixation est solidarisé au débouché d'un conduit d'extraction maçonné.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the underside of the annular body is textured. This allows better adhesion of the glue or of a coating to the underside of the fixing support when the fixing support is secured to the outlet of a masonry extraction duct.
Dans des modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l'invention, le corps annulaire est délimité latéralement par un bord périphérique qui présente une portion inclinée qui est équipée de moyens de fixation de la tourelle d'extraction.In embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the annular body is delimited laterally by a peripheral edge which has an inclined portion which is equipped with means for fixing the extraction turret.
Un deuxième aspect de l'invention concerne un système d'extraction d'un flux de fluide monté sur un conduit d'extraction maçonné d'un flux de fluide, le système comprenant :
- un support de fixation conforme du premier aspect de l'invention, le support de fixation comportant :
- ∘ une première interface d'assemblage avec un débouché du conduit d'extraction maçonné, le support de fixation permettant de solidariser le système d'extraction au débouché du conduit d'extraction maçonné, et
- ∘ un site de mesure de pression qui permet de mesurer la pression du flux de fluide en sortie du conduit d'extraction maçonné ;
- une tourelle d'extraction comportant, d'une part, un ventilateur qui est délimité inférieurement par un disque annulaire équipé d'une ouverture centrale afin d'aspirer le flux de fluide du conduit d'extraction, le disque annulaire étant ajusté à la seconde interface d'assemblage du support de fixation, et d'autre part, des moyens électroniques comportant un capteur de pression connecté au site de mesure de pression du support de fixation, les moyens électroniques pilotant la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur en fonction de la pression mesurée par le capteur de pression.
- a mounting bracket according to the first aspect of the invention, the mounting bracket comprising:
- ∘ a first assembly interface with an outlet of the masonry extraction duct, the fixing support making it possible to secure the extraction system to the outlet of the masonry extraction duct, and
- ∘ a pressure measurement site which makes it possible to measure the pressure of the fluid flow at the outlet of the masonry extraction duct;
- an extraction turret comprising, on the one hand, a fan which is delimited at the bottom by an annular disc equipped with a central opening in order to suck the flow of fluid from the extraction duct, the annular disc being fitted to the second assembly interface of the mounting bracket, and on the other hand, electronic means comprising a pressure sensor connected to the pressure measurement site of the mounting bracket, the electronic means controlling the speed of rotation of the fan as a function of the pressure measured by the pressure sensor.
Contrairement à l'état de l'art, le système d'extraction de l'invention comporte un ventilateur suspendu dont le disque annulaire qui constitue sa face inférieure est ajusté au support de fixation. Le fait de positionner le ventilateur directement au débouché du support de fixation permet de limiter l'entrée de flux d'air extérieur dans le conduit d'extraction sur lequel est montée le système d'extraction. Ceci permet d'améliorer l'extraction d'air à basse pression, de réduire les perturbations aérauliques externes. Il est ainsi possible de maximiser les rendements. Un gain énergétique de facteur 5 peut ainsi être généré sur les consommations d'énergie du ventilateur. De plus, le système d'extraction intègre le support de fixation du premier aspect de l'invention et bénéficie de ses avantages techniques qui permettent de fournir des mesures de pression homogène précises et fiables permettant de piloter la vitesse de régulation du ventilateur.Contrary to the state of the art, the extraction system of the invention comprises a suspended fan whose annular disc which constitutes its underside is fitted to the fixing support. Positioning the fan directly at the opening of the mounting bracket makes it possible to limit the entry of outside air flow into the extraction duct on which the extraction system is mounted. This makes it possible to improve the extraction of air at low pressure, to reduce external aeraulic disturbances. This makes it possible to maximize yields. An energy gain of factor 5 can thus be generated on the energy consumption of the fan. In addition, the extraction system integrates the fixing support of the first aspect of the invention and benefits from its technical advantages which make it possible to provide precise and reliable homogeneous pressure measurements making it possible to control the regulation speed of the fan.
Un troisième aspect de l'invention a trait à un procédé de régulation de la vitesse de rotation d'un ventilateur d'une tourelle d'extraction montée sur un conduit d'extraction d'un flux de fluide maçonné. Selon l'invention le procédé se caractéristique en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :
- mesurer la pression d'un flux de fluide qui s'écoule dans le conduit d'extraction maçonné, la mesure étant réalisée en sortie du conduit d'extraction maçonné au niveau d'au moins un site de mesure de pression d'un support de fixation selon le premier aspect de l'invention,
- ajuster la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur en fonction de la mesure de pression réalisée au niveau du site de mesure de pression, la vitesse étant ajustée de manière proportionnelle à la pression mesurée par des moyens électroniques qui sont reliés, d'une part, au site de mesure de pression et mesurent la pression du flux de fluide via un capteur de pression, et d'autre part, au ventilateur de la tourelle d'extraction, les moyens électroniques pilotant la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur en fonction de la pression mesurée, et
- renouveler la mesure de pression et l'ajustement proportionnelle de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur en continu afin d'optimiser l'extraction du flux de fluide du conduit d'extraction maçonné.
- measuring the pressure of a flow of fluid flowing in the masonry extraction duct, the measurement being carried out at the outlet of the masonry extraction duct at the level of at least one pressure measurement site of a support of attachment according to the first aspect of the invention,
- adjusting the speed of rotation of the fan as a function of the pressure measurement taken at the pressure measurement site, the speed being adjusted proportionally to the pressure measured by electronic means which are connected, on the one hand, to the site measuring pressure and measure the pressure of the fluid flow via a pressure sensor, and on the other hand, to the fan of the extraction turret, the electronic means controlling the speed of rotation of the fan according to the pressure measured, And
- renew the pressure measurement and the proportional adjustment of the rotation speed of the fan continuously in order to optimize the extraction of the fluid flow from the masonry extraction duct.
Ainsi, le support de fixation et le système d'extraction et le procédé de régulation permettent de fournir une solution efficace pour extraire l'air ou du gaz vicié des bâtiments anciens qui comportent un conduit d'extraction maçonné.Thus, the fixing support and the extraction system and the regulation method make it possible to provide an effective solution for extracting stale air or gas from old buildings which include a masonry extraction duct.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui va suivre. Celle-ci est purement illustrative et doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- [
Fig. 1 ] est une représentation en perspective d'une tourelle d'extraction montée, au travers d'un support conforme de l'invention, sur un débouché d'un conduit d'extraction d'air maçonné. - [
Fig. 2 ] est une représentation d'une coupe longitudinale de lafigure 1 . - [
Fig. 3 ] est une représentation d'une coupe transversale de la tourelle d'extraction de lafigure 2 couplée à un support de fixation conforme de l'invention. - [
Fig. 4 ] est une représentation en perspective d'un support de fixation conforme de l'invention. - [
Fig. 5 ] est une représentation vue de haut du support de fixation de lafigure 4 . - [
Fig. 6 ] est une représentation d'une coupe longitudinale A-A de lafigure 5 . - [
Fig. 7 ] est une représentation en perspective d'un insert du support de fixation conforme d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention. - [
Fig. 8 ] est une représentation schématique des perturbations observées par les inventeurs au sein d'une virole cylindrique d'un pavillon d'aspiration conforme de l'état de l'art. - [
Fig. 9 ] est une représentation schématique des perturbations observées par les inventeurs au sein d'une ouverture centrale d'un support de fixation conforme de l'invention. - [
Fig. 10 ] est une représentation schématique d'un logigramme d'un procédé de régulation conforme de l'invention.
- [
Fig. 1 ] is a representation in perspective of an extraction turret mounted, through a support according to the invention, on an outlet of a masonry air extraction duct. - [
Fig. 2 ] is a representation of a longitudinal section of thefigure 1 . - [
Fig. 3 ] is a representation of a cross-section of the extraction turret of thefigure 2 coupled to a mounting bracket according to the invention. - [
Fig. 4 ] is a perspective representation of a mounting bracket according to the invention. - [
Fig. 5 ] is a representation seen from above of the mounting bracket of thefigure 4 . - [
Fig. 6 ] is a representation of a longitudinal section AA of thefigure 5 . - [
Fig. 7 ] is a perspective representation of an insert of the mounting bracket according to one embodiment of the invention. - [
Fig. 8 ] is a schematic representation of the disturbances observed by the inventors within a cylindrical shroud of a conformal suction horn of the state of the art. - [
Fig. 9 ] is a schematic representation of the disturbances observed by the inventors within a central opening of a mounting bracket according to the invention. - [
Fig. 10 ] is a schematic representation of a flowchart of a regulation method according to the invention.
En référence aux
L'invention trouve une application plus particulière dans l'extraction de gaz tels que l'extraction d'air d'un bâtiment, notamment l'air vicié d'un bâtiment. L'air vicié d'un bâtiment est assimilé à l'air humide issu d'une salle d'eau ou de la cuisine. Il est également possible d'extraire un flux de gaz vicié chargé en CO2, formaldéhyde, radon ou tous autres gaz de rejet issus d'une activité humaine.The invention finds a more particular application in the extraction of gases such as the extraction of air from a building, in particular the stale air of a building. Stale air in a building is likened to humid air from a bathroom or kitchen. It is also possible to extract a flow of stale gas loaded with CO2, formaldehyde, radon or any other waste gas resulting from human activity.
Comme illustré aux
Dans cet exemple, le corps annulaire 100 comporte une ouverture centrale 101. L'ouverture centrale 101 ménage un passage laissant s'écouler un flux de fluide 62 tel qu'un flux d'air (voir
Le corps annulaire 100 comporte un bord interne 102 qui délimite radialement l'ouverture centrale 101. Par conséquent, le bord interne 102 délimite le diamètre de l'ouverture centrale 101. Dans cet exemple, le diamètre interne de l'ouverture centrale 101 peut être compris entre 250 mm et 500 mm. Le diamètre interne de l'ouverture centrale 101 peut également être compris entre 270 mm et 350 mm.The
Comme illustré aux
En référence aux
Comme illustré aux
Ici, le corps annulaire 100 comporte une seconde portion 107 qui s'étend de manière inclinée entre la première portion 105 et la face supérieure 104. La première portion 106 s'étend entre la face inférieure 103 et la seconde portion 107. L'inclinaison de la seconde portion 105 confère, au corps annulaire 100, une forme tronconique qui est notamment visible aux
Dans l'exemple illustré aux
De même, par convention, les termes « bas » et « inférieur » ainsi que leurs dérivés, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés spécifiquement en référence au support de fixation 10, désignent la partie inférieure du support de fixation qui est délimité par sa face inférieure 103.Likewise, by convention, the terms "bottom" and "lower" as well as their derivatives, when they are used specifically with reference to the fixing
En particulier, le bord interne 102 comporte une courbure qui s'étend longitudinalement et de manière convexe entre la face supérieure 104 et la face inférieure 103. La courbure du bord interne 102 est convexe par rapport à l'axe B-B longitudinal. De plus, la courbure est également convexe par rapport à la direction d'écoulement du flux d'air dans l'ouverture centrale 101. En outre, la courbure s'étend radialement au moins partiellement autour de l'ouverture centrale 101. Dans cette configuration, la courbure ne s'étend pas sur la totalité de l'étendue radiale du bord interne 102. Afin de ne pas perturber l'écoulement du flux en transition dans l'ouverture centrale 101, la portion courbe du bord interne 102 se forme progressivement de manière radiale, depuis une première partie plane du bord interne 102, vers le sommet ou un plateau radial de la courbure avant de se réduire ou de s'aplanir progressivement vers une seconde partie plane du bord interne 102.In particular, the
Toutefois, il est préférable que la courbure s'étende radialement sur la totalité du bord interne 102. Selon cette configuration préférentielle, la courbure s'étend radialement en toutes sections radiales du bord interne 102.However, it is preferable that the curvature extends radially over the entire
Cette courbure convexe comporte un apex 110 qui définit un rétrécissement d'un diamètre de l'ouverture centrale 101. Dans l'exemple de la
En effet, la courbure convexe s'évase de part et d'autre de l'apex 110 afin d'augmenter le diamètre de l'ouverture centrale 101. En particulier, la courbure entre l'apex 110 et la face inférieure 103 s'évase en direction de la face inférieure 103, la courbure s'étendant selon une direction de haut en bas. De même, la courbure s'évase entre l'apex 110 et la face supérieure 104 en direction de la face supérieure 104, la courbure s'étendant selon une direction de bas en haut. Comme illustré à la
Par exemple, le diamètre de l'ouverture centrale 101 au niveau de l'extrémité basse ou de l'extrémité haute de l'ouverture centrale 101 peut être supérieur de 3% à 10% par rapport au diamètre minimal de l'ouverture centrale. Le diamètre de l'ouverture centrale 101 au niveau de l'extrémité basse ou au niveau de l'extrémité haute de l'ouverture centrale 101 peut aussi être supérieur de 4% à 7% par rapport au diamètre minimal de l'ouverture centrale 101.For example, the diameter of the
Comme illustré aux
Dans l'exemple illustré aux
En particulier, dans cet exemple, le réducteur de perturbation aéraulique est constitué par la courbure convexe du bord interne 102. Comme illustré aux
Comme illustré aux
Comme illustré à la
Dans l'exemple illustré aux
Il est à noter que le site de mesure 40 peut également comporter un capteur de pression affleurant au niveau d'une paroi du bord interne 102. Dans cette configuration, l'encoche 113 permet la connexion électrique du capteur de pression.It should be noted that the
Selon la configuration du site de mesure 40, l'encoche 113 protège la connexion électrique du capteur de pression ou la connexion aéraulique du canal 41.Depending on the configuration of the
Dans l'exemple illustré aux
Un exemple d'insert 410 est illustré à la
Dans l'exemple de la
En outre, le corps annulaire 100 peut être constitué par un assemblage de plusieurs modules en arc de cercle qui sont aboutés les uns aux autres afin de former le corps annulaire 100.In addition, the
Dans les
Comme illustré aux
Comme illustré aux
L'arbre de rotation 201 est disposé selon l'axe B-B. Ici, le rotor du ventilateur 200 comporte un disque plein 204 qui délimite supérieurement le rotor. Le disque plein 204 s'étend parallèlement à la platine 203. Le rotor comporte également un disque annulaire 205. Le disque annulaire 205 est opposé au disque plein 204 et délimite inférieurement le rotor. Le disque annulaire 205 comporte une ouverture qui permet d'aspirer le flux de fluide du conduit d'extraction. En pratique, c'est le rotor qui est ajusté à la seconde interface d'assemblage du support de fixation 10. Dans l'exemple illustré aux
En effet, comme cela est illustré aux
Le châssis de la tourelle 20 comporte également une grille latérale 207 qui protège le ventilateur 200 latéralement. La grille latérale 207 protège plus particulièrement les pales 206 du ventilateur 200. Ici, la grille latérale 207 s'étend de manière périphérique au pourtour extérieur du rotor. La grille latérale 207 est solidaire de la platine 203 afin de former le châssis de la tourelle d'extraction 20. Comme illustré aux
Comme cela est illustré aux
Par ailleurs, la tourelle d'extraction 20 comporte des moyens électroniques. Les moyens électroniques peuvent comprendre un processeur, une mémoire et une horloge électronique qui sont configurés notamment pour stocker des données mais aussi stocker et exécuter des algorithmes tels qu'un algorithme de pilotage du ventilateur 200 qui peut correspondre à un procédé de régulation de la vitesse du ventilateur. Les moyens électroniques comportent aussi un capteur de pression qui est connecté au site de mesure 40 de pression du support de fixation 10. En pratique, les moyens électroniques pilotent la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 de manière proportionnelle à la pression mesurée par le capteur de pression. Les moyens électroniques peuvent être embarqués dans la tourelle d'extraction 20 par exemple sous le capot 208 ou être déportés au sein d'un panneau de contrôle. Par exemple, le panneau de contrôle peut être fixé à une paroi extérieure du conduit d'extraction 30.Furthermore, the
La tourelle d'extraction 20 comporte également une alimentation 212 en énergie électrique. Dans l'exemple de la
Le support de fixation 10 selon l'invention permet de réduire les turbulences aérauliques qui se produisent au niveau du site de mesure 40. Le système d'extraction 11 participe également à la réduction des turbulences en particulier au travers de la coopération entre le ventilateur 200 et le support de fixation 10.The fixing
Comme illustré de manière schématique à la
La
En comparaison de la
Le schéma de la
Afin d'obtenir une mesure de pression plus précise, le site de mesure 40 est disposé sur le bord interne 102 dans cette zone pariétale 70. Le point d'émergence du site de mesure 40 est ainsi disposé dans une zone exposée uniquement au flux d'air extrait de la conduite d'extraction 30. Dans l'exemple de la
On obtient ainsi des mesures de pression suffisamment fiables en réduisant notamment la fluctuation de la valeur de la pression mesurée. Ceci permet d'élaborer un modèle mathématique d'évolution de la pression et du débit en vue de piloter la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200.Sufficiently reliable pressure measurements are thus obtained by notably reducing the fluctuation of the value of the measured pressure. This makes it possible to develop a mathematical model of the evolution of the pressure and the flow in order to control the speed of rotation of the
En ce sens, l'invention concerne également un procédé de régulation 80 de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 de la tourelle d'extraction 20, la tourelle d'extraction 20 étant montée sur le conduit d'extraction 30 d'un flux de fluide maçonné.In this sense, the invention also relates to a
Comme illustré à la
Le procédé de régulation 80 comprend également une étape 82 dans laquelle la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 est ajustée en fonction de la mesure de pression réalisée au niveau du site de mesure 40 de pression. Lorsque le support de fixation 10 comporte deux ou plusieurs sites de mesure 40, on effectue une moyenne des pressions mesurées à un même instant t par les deux sites de mesure 40. La mesure est effectuée par un capteur de pression qui transmet ensuite les données mesurées aux moyens électroniques de la tourelle d'extraction 20 qui les traitent afin de piloter le ventilateur 200 en fonction de la pression mesurée et/ou de la moyenne de pression calculée. La moyenne des mesures réalisées pour chaque site de mesure de pression 40 permet d'obtenir une mesure de pression plus fiable à un instant t. Les moyens électroniques ajustent de manière proportionnelle la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 en fonction de la pression qui a été mesurée et/ou calculée. La vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 est ajustée par les moyens électroniques qui agissent sur le moteur 202. A cet effet, il est possible d'utiliser une fonction proportionnelle intégrale dérivée encore appelée PID.The
Le procédé de régulation renouvèle 83 la mesure 81 de pression et l'ajustement 82 proportionnelle de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200 en continue afin d'optimiser l'extraction du flux de fluide du conduit d'extraction 30 maçonné. A cet effet, une moyenne dans le temps des mesures peut être effectuée pour ajuster de manière plus précise la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200.The regulation method renews 83 the
Des mesures de pression fiables et reproductibles permettent d'optimiser le pilotage de la vitesse de rotation du ventilateur 200.Reliable and reproducible pressure measurements make it possible to optimize the control of the rotation speed of the
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2112274A FR3129462B1 (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Fixing support for a turret for extracting a fluid flow, system for extracting a fluid flow and regulation method |
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EP4184069A1 true EP4184069A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
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EP22208259.6A Pending EP4184069A1 (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-11-18 | Support for fixing a turret for extracting a fluid flow, system for extracting a fluid flow and control method |
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FR (1) | FR3129462B1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2782781A1 (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-03 | Andre Amphoux | Safety shut-down system for building ventilation installations with two or more extraction fans, comprises central controller switching out all fans if one fails |
DE20011105U1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2000-09-21 | Gebhardt Ventilatoren | Roof fan |
FR2911671A1 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-25 | Sarl Mvn Sarl | DEVICE FOR MECHANICAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE EVACUATION OF GAS FLOWS PARTICULARLY FOR A HABITABLE ASSEMBLY |
FR3021099A1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-20 | Soler & Palau Res Sl | VENTILATION BOX |
EP3348922A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-18 | Vti | Control of the rotational speed of an extraction blower |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 FR FR2112274A patent/FR3129462B1/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-11-18 EP EP22208259.6A patent/EP4184069A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2782781A1 (en) * | 1998-09-02 | 2000-03-03 | Andre Amphoux | Safety shut-down system for building ventilation installations with two or more extraction fans, comprises central controller switching out all fans if one fails |
DE20011105U1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2000-09-21 | Gebhardt Ventilatoren | Roof fan |
FR2911671A1 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-25 | Sarl Mvn Sarl | DEVICE FOR MECHANICAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE EVACUATION OF GAS FLOWS PARTICULARLY FOR A HABITABLE ASSEMBLY |
FR3021099A1 (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-20 | Soler & Palau Res Sl | VENTILATION BOX |
EP3348922A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-18 | Vti | Control of the rotational speed of an extraction blower |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3129462B1 (en) | 2023-12-08 |
FR3129462A1 (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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