EP4165362A1 - Sabot - Google Patents

Sabot

Info

Publication number
EP4165362A1
EP4165362A1 EP21731087.9A EP21731087A EP4165362A1 EP 4165362 A1 EP4165362 A1 EP 4165362A1 EP 21731087 A EP21731087 A EP 21731087A EP 4165362 A1 EP4165362 A1 EP 4165362A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sabot
segments
projectile
ammunition
pressure flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21731087.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Konstantin Arzt
Michael Gowin
Ulrich Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Publication of EP4165362A1 publication Critical patent/EP4165362A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
    • F42B14/062—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile characterised by contact surfaces between projectile and sabot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with a sabot of a sub-caliber balancing ammunition or a sub-caliber balancing projectile.
  • the invention relates in particular to a sabot consisting of several, at least two, preferably three, sabot segments.
  • the drive cage or the sabot segments are constructed in such a way that they take on a push-pull function.
  • a part lying in front of a pressure flange of the sabot accelerates the Ge shot by pressure, a part lying behind it by train.
  • a sabot of a sub-caliber balancing bullet fulfills several functions.
  • the sabot must seal an annular gap remaining between the projectile and the barrel wall of a weapon barrel so that the propellant charge gases can be used effectively to drive the projectile.
  • the sabot guides the projectile in the weapon barrel so that it follows the barrel axis without lateral deflections and thus as precisely as possible.
  • the sabot In the case of projectiles that are very undersized, the sabot must support the projectile during acceleration in the weapon barrel, so that the force introduced into the projectile via the sabot is distributed over a larger range of the projectile length. In the event of a point-like introduction of force under the effect of inertial forces, the projectile would otherwise collapse or tear off.
  • the sabot and the projectile separate.
  • a final ballistic effect occurs solely through the projectile as a flight projectile.
  • the detachment in front of the muzzle takes place due to the multi-part structure of the sabot.
  • the sabot is divided into several segments which, starting from the tip, separate radially from the projectile as soon as they are no longer held together by the pipe wall.
  • the necessary driving force is usually generated by an air pocket that is exposed to the dynamic pressure from the ambient air.
  • pure push sabot cages or pure pull sabot cages occur.
  • the pressure flange of the sabot is either behind or in front of the actual sabot.
  • both push and / or pull friction cages are shape-optimized.
  • high-strength materials are used. As a result, the material is stressed to a high degree, as evenly as possible.
  • DE 198 43 787 C1 discloses a sub-caliber balancing projectile with a penetrator and a segmented central cage which comprises two supports arranged axially one behind the other. Provision is made for a front and a rear air pocket to be designed in such a way that the dynamic pressure resulting from the flight of the balancing projectile results in a common force application point.
  • This common point of application of force should lie within egg nes sub-area in which a sleeve cover and a sabot are glued together and have a distance from a rear end of the sabot. This is intended to prevent the penetrator from swinging.
  • a segmented sabot can also be found in DE 199 44 376 B4. This has a front first support and a second rear support arranged at an axial distance behind this.
  • a throwable sabot for a Unterkalibriges Ge shot can be found in DE 103 20 194 A1. This has several sabot segments.
  • a sabot bullet is known from DE 10 2013 006 498 A1, which is characterized in that a narrow segmented steel disk is used as the guide element, which is molded and / or formed on the side facing the guide cage with a segmented, hollow-cylindrical casing part made of plastic is positively connected.
  • Sabotage is typical of high-performance balancing ammunition, in which a pressure flange is located approximately in the middle of the elongated, arrow-like missile. A part of the sabot located in front of this pressure flange accelerates the projectile via pressure, while a part located behind it accelerates the projectile. A propellant charge pressure also acts on the pulling part, while the pressure part is free from external loads.
  • Such sabot sabot are also referred to as push-pull sabot.
  • the conventional push-pull sabot are designed to be very rigid at the stern of the sabot. This shortens the interaction time during detachment, but due to the high rigidity these sabot cages have a low damping effect. As a result, lateral disturbances (detachment shock) are transferred directly to the projectile during the detachment process. If this loading occurs asymmetrically, an external transfer to the flying projectile is problematic, as a result of which the projectile can be stimulated to oscillate.
  • the sabot parts are preferably mechanically separated from one another, so that there is no positive connection between them.
  • the sabot then consists of several parts.
  • a mechanical connection can be provided between the sabot parts, whereby the sabot is in one piece when the functions are divided. This results in a reduction in the mass of the sabot.
  • the object of the invention is to make the detachment process of a sabot softer, so that an initial oscillation of the missile is reduced.
  • a segmented ejectable sabot which among other things consists of at least two sabot segments with adjacent plan-parallel segment separation surfaces.
  • the penetrator has a constriction with a rear roll-off edge.
  • the sabot segments are in turn provided in this area with a corre sponding shape.
  • the idea underlying the invention is to provide a sabot made of several Seg elements.
  • the drive cage itself can consist of at least two, preferably three, segments. More than three segments are also possible. These segments are structurally designed or held at their rear ends opposite to the firing direction approximately cylinder-shaped and very thin in wall thickness. With ammunition with a caliber of 105 mm, for example, this cylindrical shape can be created within the last 20 mm to 30 mm of the sabot.
  • the wall thickness can be approx. 3.5 mm to 4.5 mm.
  • the cylindrical area of the sabot should be shorter and the wall thickness should be selected correspondingly smaller.
  • the cylindrical area of the sabot should be made longer and the wall thickness thicker. At these ends the sabot rolls or the sabot segments roll over the projectile when it is detached.
  • the drive cage or the drive cage segments are also constructed in such a way that they take on a push-pull function.
  • a sabot with a push-pull function which comprises several sabot segments.
  • the sabot or sabot segments are characterized in that they are structurally designed at an end opposite the firing direction in such a way that a low flexural rigidity is achieved at this end.
  • the sabot has a cylindrical shape (a kind of tail) at this end, which has a low bending stiffness, such that sudden forces are reduced and the sabot rolls off when it is detached.
  • a sabot with three sabot segments is preferred.
  • the sabot or sabot segments comprise / comprise a part located behind a pressure flange as a push part and a part located in front of the pressure flange as a pull part.
  • the part located behind the pressure flange and the part located in front of the pressure flange have recesses.
  • the recesses are placed between struts or struts remain between the recesses.
  • the sabot or sabot segments have pockets that are integrated in the part located behind the pressure flange.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sabot according to the invention in perspective in the firing direction from behind
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the sabot from FIG. 1.
  • a sabot 1 is marked for a sub-caliber projectile not shown.
  • the sabot 1 is shown obliquely from behind, as seen in the firing direction.
  • the sabot consists of at least two sabot segments 1.1, 1.2.
  • the Sabot 1 three sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
  • Plastic, aluminum or the like can be used as the material. Such materials are customary and known in the art.
  • the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 are characterized in that they are designed as push-pull sabot or push-pull sabot segments.
  • a behind ter a pressure flange 2 lying part 3 of the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 (rear part) accelerates the sub-caliber projectile not shown in detail by pressure, a part 4 lying in front of the pressure flange 2 (front part) by train.
  • a propellant charge pressure also acts on the pulling part 4, while the pressure part 3 is free from external loads.
  • the rear part 3 and the front part 4 are for their part preferably optimized in terms of shape and weight.
  • the front part 4 as well as the rear part 3 have recesses 5, 6 in the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
  • Struts 8, 9 remaining between these serve to ensure sufficient rigidity of the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
  • the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 has pockets 7 which are integrated in the rear part 3.
  • the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 are structurally very thin at an end 10 opposite the firing direction, in a kind of tail.
  • this cylinder shape (or this tail) can be created within the last 20 mm to 30 mm of the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3.
  • the wall thickness can be approx. 3.5 mm to 4.5 mm.
  • this special end 10 has a low flexural strength.
  • the projectile and sabot 1 are connected to one another via an indicated threaded connection.
  • Fig. 2 shows the sabot 1 or a sabot segment 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 in a sectional representation.
  • the way it works is as follows:
  • the propellant gases drive the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 together with the projectile through a weapon barrel, not shown in detail.
  • the gun barrel takes over the leadership of the projectile in the gun barrel.
  • the sabot 1 separates from the projectile, and the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 separate from one another.
  • the necessary force is generated by the dynamic pressure in the pockets 7 of the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 when these pockets 7 are exposed to ambient air.
  • the sabot 1 or the sabot segments 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 roll when detaching sen over the projectile.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un sabot (1) qui comprend plusieurs segments de sabot (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). Le sabot (1) ou les segments de sabot (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) est caractérisé, ou sont caractérisés, en ce qu'il présente, ou qu'ils présentent, une conception structurale au niveau de l'extrémité (10) opposée à la direction de tir de telle sorte qu'un degré inférieur de rigidité à la flexion soit obtenu au niveau de ladite extrémité (10), ledit sabot (1) comprenant de préférence trois segments de sabot (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). Le sabot (1) présente, ou les segments de sabot (1.1, 1,2, 1.3) présentent, une partie arrière (3) en tant que partie de poussée et une partie avant (4) en tant que partie de traction. Afin d'optimiser la forme et le poids, la partie avant (4) et la partie arrière (3) présentent des évidements (5, 6) dans le sabot (1) ou dans les segments de sabot (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). Des entretoises (8, 9) sont intégrées entre les évidements (5, 6) ou les évidements (5, 6) sont introduits entre des entretoises (8, 9).
EP21731087.9A 2020-06-15 2021-06-02 Sabot Pending EP4165362A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020115703.7A DE102020115703B4 (de) 2020-06-15 2020-06-15 Treibkäfig
PCT/EP2021/064791 WO2021254778A1 (fr) 2020-06-15 2021-06-02 Sabot

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4165362A1 true EP4165362A1 (fr) 2023-04-19

Family

ID=76355471

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21731087.9A Pending EP4165362A1 (fr) 2020-06-15 2021-06-02 Sabot

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230116071A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4165362A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3187285A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020115703B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021254778A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022118022A1 (de) 2022-07-19 2024-01-25 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Treibkäfig

Family Cites Families (43)

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NL137889C (fr) * 1967-07-28
GB1340238A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-12-12 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Encased projectile
US3862603A (en) * 1972-11-21 1975-01-28 Us Navy Light weight sabot
DE4005127A1 (de) * 1989-06-21 1991-08-22 Rheinmetall Gmbh Treibkaefig
DE3920254A1 (de) 1989-06-21 1991-01-10 Rheinmetall Gmbh Treibkaefig
US4284008A (en) * 1979-04-12 1981-08-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Double ramp discarding sabot
US4296687A (en) * 1979-07-16 1981-10-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Segmented sabot projectile
US4326464A (en) * 1979-12-10 1982-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Gusset discarding sabot munition
US4450770A (en) * 1980-09-22 1984-05-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Pivot ring for a discarding sabot
US4709638A (en) * 1981-09-24 1987-12-01 Honeywell Inc. Discarding sabot projectile
US4467724A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-08-28 Olin Corporation Sabot projectile core restraint
US4590862A (en) * 1983-05-23 1986-05-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile pusher-type discarding sabot
DE3332023A1 (de) * 1983-09-06 1985-03-21 Helmut Dipl.-Phys. 5529 Bauler Nußbaum Treibspiegel fuer unterkalibrige geschosse
EP0156948B1 (fr) * 1983-10-28 1989-08-16 Rheinmetall GmbH Projectile à calibre réduit, stabilisé par ailettes, de grande proportion longueur/diamètre
US4735148A (en) * 1986-03-18 1988-04-05 United Technologies Corporation Plastic composite sabot
US4719860A (en) * 1987-01-28 1988-01-19 Honeywell Inc. Armor-penetrating ammunition assembly with molded protective cap
NO163425C (no) * 1987-04-30 1990-05-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Utformning av et oenskebruddsted ved hekkdelen av et drivspeil for et drivspeilprosjektil.
DE3724401A1 (de) * 1987-07-23 1989-05-18 Rheinmetall Gmbh Fluegelstabilisiertes, unterkalibriges treibkaefiggeschoss
US4841867A (en) * 1987-12-28 1989-06-27 Ford Aerospace Corporation Discarding sabot projectile
DE3843566C1 (de) 1988-12-23 1995-04-06 Rheinmetall Gmbh Segmentierter Treibkäfig
DE3930255A1 (de) * 1989-09-11 1991-03-21 Rheinmetall Gmbh Wuchtgeschossanordnung
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CA2121101C (fr) * 1993-05-27 1998-02-24 Walter Engel Sabot largable pour projectile sous-calibre
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020115703B4 (de) 2024-02-22
CA3187285A1 (fr) 2021-12-23
US20230116071A1 (en) 2023-04-13
WO2021254778A1 (fr) 2021-12-23
DE102020115703A1 (de) 2021-12-16

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