EP4163502A1 - Séparateur de fluide de piston résistant à la pression, entraînement linéaire pour une machine de gouvernail de navire et sous-marin - Google Patents
Séparateur de fluide de piston résistant à la pression, entraînement linéaire pour une machine de gouvernail de navire et sous-marin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4163502A1 EP4163502A1 EP22198378.6A EP22198378A EP4163502A1 EP 4163502 A1 EP4163502 A1 EP 4163502A1 EP 22198378 A EP22198378 A EP 22198378A EP 4163502 A1 EP4163502 A1 EP 4163502A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- area
- pressure
- media separator
- resistant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/04—Accumulators
- F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
- F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1404—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type in clusters, e.g. multiple cylinders in one block
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/14—Control of attitude or depth
- B63G8/20—Steering equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/08—Steering gear
- B63H25/14—Steering gear power assisted; power driven, i.e. using steering engine
- B63H25/26—Steering engines
- B63H25/28—Steering engines of fluid type
- B63H25/30—Steering engines of fluid type hydraulic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1428—Cylinders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
- F15B15/1452—Piston sealings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1457—Piston rods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/08—Steering gear
- B63H25/14—Steering gear power assisted; power driven, i.e. using steering engine
- B63H25/26—Steering engines
- B63H25/28—Steering engines of fluid type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B2015/206—Combined actuation, e.g. electric and fluid actuated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2201/00—Accumulators
- F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
- F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
- F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressure-resistant piston media separator.
- a pressure-resistant piston media separator For example, in the case of a linear drive for a ship's steering gear, a mechanical movement takes place against the external pressure.
- the hydraulic fluid in a pressure-tight piston media separator is brought to approximately the external pressure by the hydraulic fluid in the pressure-tight piston media separator being subjected to the external pressure by the ambient medium.
- a corresponding linear drive for a ship's steering gear is from DE 10 2016 204 248 A1 known.
- the term pressure compensating tank is used as an alternative term for the pressure-resistant piston media separator.
- the piston of the pressure-resistant piston media separator is moved in one direction by the incoming hydraulic fluid and in the other by the surrounding medium.
- the object of the invention is to create a pressure-resistant piston media separator, which at high ambient pressures (great diving depth) but especially at low ambient pressures (low diving depth up to surface water travel) works reliably.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator has a first piston cylinder with a first piston.
- the first piston and the first piston cylinder have a round cross section, but the invention is not limited to this. Theoretically, it is only necessary that the inner cross section of the first piston cylinder and the outer cross section of the first piston are the same.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator has a first area and a second area, the first area being separated from the second area by the first piston. At least one seal is preferably attached to the first piston, which seal moves with the piston and separates the two areas from one another.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention is preferably arranged in a watercraft, particularly preferably inside a pressure hull of a submarine.
- the first area is in contact with the external pressure.
- the first area is connected to the environment, for example and preferably via a line.
- this line has a pressure hull passage, ie connects the pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention with the water located outside of the pressure hull.
- the first area is particularly preferably in contact with the surrounding water, in particular seawater. This results in a pressure adjustment to the water depth.
- the second area is connected to a hydraulic system.
- the hydraulic system is, for example and preferably, part of a linear drive of a ship's steering gear. In a ship's steering gear, the drive rods for the rudder blades must be moved against the surrounding water pressure through the pressure hull of the submarine.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator also has a piston rod, the piston rod being connected to the first piston.
- the piston rod preferably runs through the second area.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator has a second piston cylinder and a second piston.
- the second piston is also connected to the piston rod.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator has a third region, the third region being a closed volume of gas. The size of the third area can be changed by moving the second piston.
- the second piston cylinder with the second piston and the third area thus represent an integrated gas pressure spring.
- the first piston and the second piston are arranged and connected via the piston rod in such a way that when the first area increases, the third area increases and when the first area decreases, the third area decreases.
- the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder are particularly preferably arranged directly adjacent to one another.
- the third area consists of a fourth area and a fifth area.
- the fourth area is located inside the second piston cylinder and the fifth area is located outside the second piston cylinder.
- the fourth area and the fifth area are connected to one another in a gas-carrying manner. This makes it comparatively easy to set the pressure profile over all positions of the first piston, and thus, for example, the rudder position of a ship's steering gear connected thereto.
- the size of the fourth area can therefore assume a minimum size even close to 0 in the extreme case given the maximum size of the second area and thus the minimum size of the first area.
- the fifth volume Without the fifth volume, however, the pressure would be extremely high, which would be possible either through a larger dead volume, but this would increase the overall size. Or, as in this advantageous embodiment, it can be achieved by a connected volume in a fifth area, which reduces the overall size.
- the fifth region is arranged at least partially, preferably completely, surrounding the second piston cylinder.
- the third area has a filling valve.
- the pressure in the third area can be adjusted in a targeted manner become.
- the filling valve is closed so that the third area is a closed volume of gas.
- the volume of the fifth area corresponds to one to five times the maximum volume of the fourth area.
- the third area has a pressure of 2 bar to 5 bar in the middle position of the first piston in the first piston cylinder.
- the middle position of the first piston is to be understood as the position in the middle between the two end positions of the first piston.
- the pressure in the first area is 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar higher than the pressure in the second area.
- the third area is filled with an inert gas, preferably with nitrogen.
- an inert gas preferably with nitrogen.
- the third area in the end position of the first piston with a minimum second volume of the second area in the first piston cylinder has a pressure of 1.5 bar to 3.5 bar.
- the first area is connected to the environment via a filter.
- the filter serves to keep out suspended particles and, above all, life forms that could get stuck inside.
- the disadvantage is that a filter represents a flow resistance. However, this can be compensated for in a simple manner by the effect of the third area.
- the piston rod has a first passage.
- the first passage extends from the side of the first piston facing the first area to the side of the second piston facing away from the fourth area.
- the first passage can be closed. This allows at the first filling of the first area with seawater, the air in the first area can be discharged in a simple and reliable manner. This is particularly preferred when the pressure-resistant piston media separator is arranged vertically, ie the first area is arranged below the first piston.
- the first piston has a first seal against the first area and a second seal against the second area.
- the first piston further includes a check cavity between the first seal and the second seal.
- the first piston and the piston rod have a second passage, the second passage connecting the test cavity to the side of the second piston facing away from the fourth region.
- the invention relates to a linear drive for a ship's steering gear with a pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention.
- the linear drive is preferably according to the DE 10 2016 204 248 A1 executed, only with a pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention.
- the linear drive is operated electrically.
- the linear drive has a first linear drive area and a second linear drive area, the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area being filled with hydraulic fluid.
- the first linear drive area and the linear drive area are fluidically connected to the second area of the pressure-tight piston media separator.
- the connection between the second area of the pressure-resistant piston media separator and the first linear drive area and the connection between the second area of the pressure-resistant piston media separator and the second linear drive area can each be closed separately, for example via valves.
- the connection between the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area is preferably also closed, so that the linear drive is thereby fixed in its position.
- the volume of the second area of the pressure-tight piston media separator is equal to or greater than the volume difference between the sum of the volumes of the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area at a stop of the linear drive and the sum of the volumes of the first linear drive area and the second linear drive area at the opposite stop of the linear drive.
- the invention relates to a submarine with a pressure-resistant piston media separator according to the invention.
- the pressure-resistant piston media separator is preferably arranged inside a pressure hull of the submarine and the first area of the pressure-resistant piston media separator is connected to the environment of the submarine.
- the connection between the first area and the environment has a pressure body bushing.
- an exemplary pressure-tight piston media separator 10 is shown schematically, not to scale, in cross-section.
- the part of the pressure-resistant piston media separator 10 shown on the left consists of a first cylinder piston 20 in which a first Piston 30 is movably arranged.
- a first area 40 is arranged, which has the ambient pressure via a connection to the environment 60, for example a seawater connection.
- the second area 50 is arranged, in which a hydraulic fluid is arranged, which can be supplied to and removed from the hydraulic system 70 via a connection.
- the piston rod 80 also runs within the second region 50.
- the second piston cylinder 90 with the second piston 100 is essential.
- the second piston 100 is also connected to the piston rod 80 and thus performs the same movement as the first piston 30.
- the gas-tight third area is designed to be as compact as possible in the example shown, it consists of a fourth area 110 within the second piston cylinder 90 and a fifth area 120 surrounding the second piston cylinder on the outside. In this case, the fourth area 110 and the fifth area 120 are connected to one another via a gas-carrying connection 130 .
- the piston rod 80 has a first passage 150, which has a passage closure 160 on the side of the second piston 100 and thus easily accessible from the outside, so that no water from the environment can escape into the interior can penetrate.
- the feedthrough seal 160 must be able to withstand the maximum diving pressure.
- the first piston 30 has a first seal 170 against the water side of the first area 40 and a second seal 180 against the hydraulic side of the second area 50 .
- a test cavity 190 is arranged between the seals 170 , 180 and is connected to the second passage 200 .
- sea water can get into the area outside the second piston 100 and be easily detected.
- hydraulic fluid can get into the area outside of the second piston 100 and be easily detected.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021211387.7A DE102021211387B4 (de) | 2021-10-08 | 2021-10-08 | Druckfester Kolbenmedientrenner, Linearantrieb für eine Schiffsrudermaschineund Unterseeboot |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4163502A1 true EP4163502A1 (fr) | 2023-04-12 |
Family
ID=83506048
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22198378.6A Pending EP4163502A1 (fr) | 2021-10-08 | 2022-09-28 | Séparateur de fluide de piston résistant à la pression, entraînement linéaire pour une machine de gouvernail de navire et sous-marin |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4163502A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20230051092A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102021211387B4 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022207660A1 (de) | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Redundante elektrische Ruderanlage für ein Unterseeboot und deren Betrieb |
DE102022209388A1 (de) | 2022-09-09 | 2024-03-14 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Ruderanlage |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4649704A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-03-17 | Shell Offshore Inc. | Subsea power fluid accumulator |
DE10349591A1 (de) | 2003-10-24 | 2005-06-02 | Howaldtswerke - Deutsche Werft Ag | Unterseeboot |
US20060231265A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-10-19 | Martin David W | Subsea pressure compensation system |
US20080104951A1 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-05-08 | Springett Frank B | Subsea pressure accumulator systems |
DE102013011115A1 (de) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | Hydac Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Einstellen eines Mediendruckes gegenüber einem Umgebungsdruck |
WO2016133400A1 (fr) * | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-25 | Optime Subsea Services As | Accumulateur assistée par l'eau de mer |
WO2017157728A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh | Entraînement linéaire pour l'appareil à gouverner d'un navire |
WO2020185732A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | Reel Power Licensing Corp. | Appareil, système et procédé de capteur pour accumulateur |
-
2021
- 2021-10-08 DE DE102021211387.7A patent/DE102021211387B4/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-28 EP EP22198378.6A patent/EP4163502A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-10-06 KR KR1020220128143A patent/KR20230051092A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4649704A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-03-17 | Shell Offshore Inc. | Subsea power fluid accumulator |
DE10349591A1 (de) | 2003-10-24 | 2005-06-02 | Howaldtswerke - Deutsche Werft Ag | Unterseeboot |
US20060231265A1 (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-10-19 | Martin David W | Subsea pressure compensation system |
US20080104951A1 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-05-08 | Springett Frank B | Subsea pressure accumulator systems |
DE102013011115A1 (de) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | Hydac Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Einstellen eines Mediendruckes gegenüber einem Umgebungsdruck |
WO2016133400A1 (fr) * | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-25 | Optime Subsea Services As | Accumulateur assistée par l'eau de mer |
WO2017157728A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Thyssenkrupp Marine Systems Gmbh | Entraînement linéaire pour l'appareil à gouverner d'un navire |
DE102016204248A1 (de) | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Linearantrieb für eine Schiffrudermaschine |
WO2020185732A1 (fr) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | Reel Power Licensing Corp. | Appareil, système et procédé de capteur pour accumulateur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102021211387A1 (de) | 2023-04-13 |
KR20230051092A (ko) | 2023-04-17 |
DE102021211387B4 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
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